Pull type film mulching sugarcane field combined operation machine and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a pull type film mulching and sugarcane field combined machine and a manufacturing method thereof, and the pull type film mulching and sugarcane field combined machine comprises a suspension device, a rack, land wheels, a picking and film removing mechanism, a film lifting device, a coulter, a hilling device, a side film shovel, a film rolling device, a turnover mechanism and a film removing guide frame. A hilling mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the machine frame, a film lifting mechanism is arranged on one side of the hilling mechanism, a picking and film removing mechanism is arranged on one side of the film lifting mechanism, a film rolling mechanism is arranged on one side of the top of the picking and film removing mechanism, a hanging mechanism is arranged between the film rolling mechanism and the machine frame, and a film removing guide frame is arranged on the top of the picking and film removing mechanism. The film lifting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a profiling connecting rod arranged on the mounting frame and a film lifting shovel connected to the outer end of the profiling connecting rod, a connecting cross beam is arranged at the end, away from the profiling connecting rod, of the film lifting shovel, a depth limiting spring is arranged between the top of the connecting cross beam and the mounting frame, and the depth limiting spring is used for limiting the distance of the film lifting shovel extending to the stratum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the recycling of residual film is a thorny problem faced by all countries in the world. At present, residual film recycling machines are divided into three categories according to the operation time, namely, pre-sowing residual film recycling machines, seedling stage residual film recycling machines and autumn residual film recycling machines. Pre-sowing residual film recycling machines: Pre-sowing residual film recycling operations are carried out after land preparation and before sowing. During this period, the residual film is mainly in the form of fragments and distributed in the tillage layer. Pre-sowing residual film recycling machines mainly recycle old residual film in previous years in the tillage layer, mainly by raking and tying the film. Since the residual film is tightly attached to the film-raking spring teeth, after a lot of residual film accumulates on the spring teeth, it is very difficult to remove it manually. When removing the film in the seedling stage, since the film is used for a short time, it is relatively easy to recycle the film at this time, mainly by rolling up. However, removing the film in the seedling stage will cause mechanical damage to the seedlings, and Due to the thinness of domestic mulch films, the mulch films often break during the recycling process, resulting in low work efficiency; autumn residual film recycling machine: in autumn, the residual film of the year is recycled. The mulch film is bonded to the soil, and the mulch film is severely damaged, which is easy to entangle and adhere to the machine, increasing the difficulty of recycling; in addition, due to the dispersion of agricultural land in my country and the large differences in the environment, climate, soil, humidity, agronomic level, and planting conditions in various places, although my country's research on residual film recycling machines is extensive, there are many types, complex structures, and single applicability. Most residual film recycling machines cannot adapt well to the local crop agronomic characteristics, which leads to low residual film recycling efficiency. At present, the research on pre-sowing residual film recycling machines and autumn residual film recycling machines in China is relatively mature, and the seedling residual film recycling machine has been studied a little for crops such as corn and tobacco. The residual film pollution in the sugarcane field is serious, and the recycling of residual film in the sugarcane field is still in the current situation of "inorganic availability", so this invention was born. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine and a manufacturing method thereof to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a towed film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine, comprising: a frame and a driving wheel arranged at the bottom of the frame; a soil-raising mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame, a film-lifting mechanism is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism, a film-picking and film-removing mechanism is arranged on one side of the film-lifting mechanism, a film-rolling mechanism is arranged on one side of the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism, a suspension mechanism is arranged between the film-rolling mechanism and the frame, a film-removing guide frame is arranged on the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism, the film-lifting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a contour connecting rod arranged on the mounting frame, and a film-lifting shovel connected to the outer end of the contour connecting rod, a connecting crossbeam is arranged at the end of the film-lifting shovel away from the contour connecting rod, a limited depth spring is arranged between the top of the connecting crossbeam and the mounting frame, and the depth-limiting spring is used to limit the distance that the film-lifting shovel extends to the formation.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present application, the picking and film stripping mechanism includes a connecting frame arranged on the frame, a screw conveyor arranged on the connecting frame, a picking roller arranged on the outside of the screw conveyor, a combing and brushing film stripping mechanism arranged on the top of the picking roller, and a transmission chain plate arranged on the outside of the picking roller and the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism, a plurality of spiral transmission wheels are arranged between the picking roller and the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism, a transmission belt is arranged between the plurality of spiral transmission wheels, and a plurality of picking spike teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the transmission chain plate.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the film rolling mechanism includes a column fixed on a frame, a film rolling frame connected to the column, a plurality of rotating wheels arranged on the film rolling frame, and a film rolling belt arranged between the rotating wheels, and a flipping mechanism is arranged between the film rolling frame and the column.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism includes a film stripping wheel connected to a connecting frame and a film stripping roller arranged on the outside of the film stripping wheel, and the outer diameter of the film stripping roller is higher than the height of the picking spike teeth.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, a plow is provided on the front side of the film-lifting mechanism, and a soil-raising mechanism is provided on the front side of the plow.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, a film edge shovel is provided on the rear side of the picking and stripping mechanism.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, a first transmission belt is provided between the driving wheel and the film rolling mechanism, and a second transmission belt is provided between the film rolling mechanism and the picking and stripping mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil-raising mechanism includes a soil-raising mounting frame fixed to a frame, an adjusting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the soil-raising mounting frame, side panels arranged on both sides of the adjusting mechanism, and an inclined spiral soil-raising knife arranged on the outer side of the side panel, a protective plate is fixed to the top of the side panel, a soil-dividing knife is fixed to the bottom of the side panel, and a guide cover is arranged on the outer surface of the inclined spiral soil-raising knife.

[0012] Some embodiments of the present application provide a method for using a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine, and the specific steps of the method are as follows: A. measuring the thickness of the residual film, and adjusting the depth of the film-lifting shovel into the soil, the length of the picking spikes, and the distance between adjacent picking spikes according to the thickness of the residual film and the distance between the residual film and the top surface of the soil, to ensure that the film-lifting shovel extends to the bottom of the residual film and the picking spikes can carry the residual film; B. Before use, clean and inspect the film lifting mechanism, the picking and demolding mechanism and the demoulding mechanism to ensure that there is no residual film on the film lifting shovel, the transmission chain plate, the picking nail teeth, the edge film shovel and the film rolling belt, and ensure that the depth limit spring rebounds normally; C. Pull the device as a whole to one end of the field, adjust the height between the film-lifting shovel and the ground, adjust the height between the picking spikes and the ground, and then pull the device as a whole for a distance to ensure that the film-lifting shovel can separate the soil and the residual film, the picking spikes can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain plate, and the residual film can be rolled into the film rolling mechanism along the combing and brushing film-removing mechanism; D. Use a tractor to pull the device in a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When reaching the other end of the sugarcane field, turn around to recover the residual film and add soil to the adjacent sugarcane field.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects: In view of the current situation that "inorganic film is not available" in the recycling of sugarcane fields, the present invention combines agricultural machinery, agronomy and agricultural film, and proposes a residual film recycling mode with whole film recycling, flipping and soil cleaning, and automatic film rolling. The key technologies such as sugarcane field residual film picking, film stripping and film rolling are studied, and innovative equipment for sugarcane field residual film recycling and intertillage and soil cultivation is developed. In view of the problem that the residual film is entangled with the recycling working parts and is difficult to separate, the present project proposes a combing and film stripping technology, in which the residual film on the picking nail teeth is combed and brushed by a film stripping device to achieve film stripping. In view of the problem that the linear speed of the film roll winding increases with the increase of the film roll diameter in the existing core film rolling device, resulting in the tearing of the residual film, an innovative belt film rolling device with a passively rotating film rolling core shaft is designed. When the residual ground film falls from the film stripping device onto the horizontal plane of the film rolling belt, the film rolling core shaft rotates under the action of friction, and the residual film is wound around the film rolling core shaft to achieve film rolling. The present invention can adapt to residual film with insufficient tension and achieve rapid recycling. Popularization and use can produce better results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the picking and stripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 2. It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pickup roller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the film rolling state of the film rolling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the film unloading state of the film winding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a film-forming mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the soil training mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure, 100, frame; 110, plow blade; 200, driving wheel; 210, first transmission belt; 300, soil-raising mechanism; 310, mounting frame; 320, adjustment mechanism; 330, side plate; 340, inclined spiral soil-raising knife; 350, protection plate; 360, soil-dividing plow blade; 370, guide cover; 400, film-raising mechanism; 410, mounting frame; 420, contour connecting rod; 430, film-raising shovel; 440, connecting crossbeam; 450, depth-limiting spring; 500, film-picking and film-removing mechanism; 510 , connecting frame; 520, screw conveyor; 530, picking roller; 540, combing and brushing film stripping mechanism; 541, film stripping wheel; 542, film stripping roller; 550, transmission chain; 560, spiral transmission wheel; 570, picking nail teeth; 600, film rolling mechanism; 610, column; 620, film rolling frame; 630, rotating wheel; 640, film rolling belt; 650, turning mechanism; 660, second transmission belt; 670, residual film roll; 700, hanging mechanism; 800, film stripping guide frame; 900, edge film shovel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0018] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0019] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] like Figure 1-6 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present application, a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field joint operation machine includes: a frame 100 and a driving wheel 200 arranged at the bottom of the frame 100; a soil-raising mechanism 300 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame 100, a film-lifting mechanism 400 is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism 300, a film-picking and film-removing mechanism 500 is arranged on one side of the film-lifting mechanism 400, a film-rolling mechanism 600 is arranged on one side of the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism 500, and the film-rolling mechanism 600 is arranged on one side of the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism 500. A suspension mechanism 700 is arranged between the frame 100, a film stripping guide frame 800 is arranged on the top of the picking and stripping mechanism 500, and the film stripping mechanism 400 includes a mounting frame 410, a contour connecting rod 420 arranged on the mounting frame 410, and a film stripping shovel 430 connected to the outer end of the contour connecting rod 420. Before use, the height of the film stripping shovel 430 relative to the frame 100 can be adjusted according to the height of the frame 100 from the ground and the depth of the ground film covering the soil. A connecting beam 440 is provided at one end of the shaped connecting rod 420, and a limited depth spring 450 is provided between the top of the connecting beam 440 and the mounting frame 410. The limited depth spring 450 is used to limit the distance that the film lifting shovel 430 extends to the stratum. A plurality of film lifting teeth are provided at the outer end of the film lifting shovel 430. The film lifting teeth are perpendicular to the transmission chain 550. The soil is disturbed by the film lifting teeth to loosen the soil. The plurality of film lifting teeth simultaneously lift the residual film, and the residual film moves obliquely upward along the upper surface of the picking nail teeth 570 and gradually separates from the soil. Then the picking and film stripping mechanism 500 picks up the residual film that has been separated from the film and soil. The combined operation machine is connected to the tractor through the suspension mechanism 700. When the combined operation machine is working, the driving wheel 200 rotates, and the film stripping roller 542 is driven by the chain transmission. The film stripping roller 542 rotates and drives the picking roller through the chain transmission. At the same time, the driving wheel 200 rotates, and the driving roller of the film rolling mechanism 600 is driven to rotate through the chain transmission. The rotation of the driving roller drives the film rolling belt 640 to move.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the picking and film stripping mechanism 500 includes a connecting frame 510 arranged on the frame 100, a screw conveyor 520 arranged on the connecting frame 510, a picking roller 530 arranged on the outside of the screw conveyor 520, a combing and brushing film stripping mechanism 540 arranged on the top of the picking roller 530, and a transmission chain 550 arranged on the outside of the picking roller 530 and the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism 540, a plurality of spiral transmission wheels 560 are arranged between the picking roller 530 and the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism 540, a transmission belt is arranged between the plurality of spiral transmission wheels 560, and a plurality of picking spike teeth 570 are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the transmission chain 550.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the film rolling mechanism 600 includes a column 610 fixed on the frame 100, a film rolling frame 620 connected to the column 610, a plurality of rotating wheels 630 arranged on the film rolling frame 620, and a film rolling belt 640 arranged between the rotating wheels 630. A turning mechanism 650 is arranged between the film rolling frame 620 and the column 610. The mainstream film collection method of the residual film recovery operation is still to collect the film in the film collecting box. The film collecting box has a simple structure and low processing and manufacturing cost. However, since the residual film is naturally scattered and has a loose texture, the collected residual film is easily blown away by strong winds when piled on the ground, causing secondary pollution. The residual film is pressed and packaged using hydraulic technology. It is more suitable for packaging small pieces of residual film that are severely damaged. However, since the linear speed of the film roll increases with the diameter of the core film rolling device, the gradual increase in the film winding speed will cause the residual film to tear. The floating film rolling mechanism 600 uses the friction force of the driving roller to rotate the film rolling roller to wrap the residual film, which can avoid the problem of residual film tearing due to excessive linear speed of the film roll, but manual film unloading is required. The film rolling mechanism 600 in the present application is a belt-type film rolling mechanism 600 in which the film rolling core shaft passively rotates. When the roll needs to be unloaded, the driving cylinder is extended to push the film rolling mechanism 600 to rotate a certain angle around the rotation center as a whole, and the film roll is separated from the film rolling belt 640 and rolls to the ground along the film stripping guide frame 800.

[0023] It should be noted here that when designing the film rolling mechanism 600, it is necessary to study the working principles of each key component, establish a mechanical model of the film rolling belt 640 on the film rolling roller, and determine the maximum diameter of the film roll in the film rolling mechanism 600 by analyzing the force on the residual film and combining the mechanical properties of the residual film. The force analysis of the separation point between the residual film and the film rolling core shaft is carried out, and the range of the film rolling inclination angle is determined by comprehensively considering the actual operation needs. The Box-Behnken test method is used for combined experiments. The film rolling mechanism 600 is experimentally studied with the film rolling speed ratio, film rolling inclination angle, and forward speed as experimental factors and the film roll density as an indicator. The experimental data is processed and analyzed for variance by the DesignExpert software to obtain a regression model of the experimental indicators and factor coding. The regression equation model is optimized using the optimization module in the software. The boundary conditions of the experimental factors are comprehensively considered to determine the optimal parameter combination, and field tests are carried out for verification.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism 540 includes a film stripping wheel 541 connected to the connecting frame 510 and a film stripping roller 542 arranged on the outside of the film stripping wheel 541. The outer diameter of the film stripping roller 542 is higher than the height of the picking spikes 570. When the tractor pulls the machine to work, the picking spikes 570 pierce the ground film and enter the soil under the action of the gravity of the machine, and the transmission chain 550 in the random group forward picking film stripping mechanism 500 rotates. When the picking spikes 570 exit the soil, due to the residual film The residual film has been separated from the soil and lifted by the film-lifting teeth. Therefore, the residual film adheres to the picking-up spike teeth 570 under the action of friction and moves with it to complete the residual film picking-up work. As the unit moves forward, several picking-up spike teeth 570 on the transmission chain 550 pierce the ground film in turn - enter the soil - exit the soil, forming a continuous and stable picking movement. After the residual film is picked up, it rotates around the picking roller 530 with the transmission chain 550, the film surface gradually turns over, and the height difference between the film stripping roller 542 and the residual film is used to achieve combing and brushing film stripping.

[0025] It should be noted here that the working principle of picking up and film stripping is studied, the structures of the main working parts such as the picking spike teeth 570, the transmission chain 550, the picking roller 530 and the film stripping roller 542 are designed, and the key parts are theoretically analyzed. The relevant dimensional parameters such as the arrangement of the picking spike teeth 570 and the transmission chain 550 are determined, and the kinematic model of the picking spike teeth 570 is established. The motion analysis of the picking spike teeth 570 is carried out, and the relationship between the trajectory of picking up the residual film and the forward speed of the unit, the angular velocity of the picking roller 530 and the radius of the picking roller 530 is analyzed. The motion trajectory of the picking spike teeth 570 on the picking roller 530 is simulated and analyzed based on MATLAB software. By analyzing the force conditions of the residual film and combining the mechanical properties of the residual film, the picking speed ratio parameter range that satisfies the smooth picking up of the residual film is determined.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, a plow 110 is disposed on the front side of the film lifting mechanism 400 , and a soil raising mechanism 300 is disposed on the front side of the plow 110 .

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, a film edge shovel 900 is provided at the rear side of the picking and stripping mechanism 500 .

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, a first transmission belt 210 is provided between the driving wheel 200 and the film rolling mechanism 600 , and a second transmission belt 660 is provided between the film rolling mechanism 600 and the picking and stripping mechanism 500 .

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, the picking up and demoulding mechanism is connected to the frame 100 and is located in the middle of the frame 100; the film rolling device is connected to the frame 100 and is located at one end of the suspension device; the film lifting device is located behind the picking up and demoulding mechanism and is fixed to the frame 100; the film lifting shovel 430 and the soiling device are located at the tail of the frame 100.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present application, the soil-raising mechanism 300 includes a soil-raising mounting frame 310 fixed to a frame, an adjusting mechanism 320 arranged at the bottom of the soil-raising mounting frame 310, side panels 330 arranged on both sides of the adjusting mechanism 320, and an inclined spiral soil-raising knife 340 arranged on the outside of the side panel 330, a protective plate 350 is fixed to the top of the side panel 330, a soil-dividing knife 360 ​​is fixed to the bottom of the side panel 330, and a guide cover 370 is provided on the outer surface of the inclined spiral soil-raising knife 340.

[0031] It should be noted that before designing the physical object, a soil flow control system is constructed, and soil guide components (soil delivery and distribution device, spiral soiling knife and guide cover device) are designed, which mainly includes designing the surface of the soil delivery and distribution plow blade to complete the first soil guidance; studying and analyzing the arrangement of the spiral soiling knife, the force of cutting soil and forward and reverse milling to complete the second soil guidance: designing the structure of the guide cover device to complete the third soil guidance, and designing the spatial position of the composite cutting component to achieve soil flow control. According to the discrete element simulation test, the structural model of the composite cutting component and the soil particle model are established. In the Analyst module of the EDEM simulation software, representative single soil particles are selected for path motion analysis to study the soil flow and spreading law, and reduce the damage of soiling to crops; the influence of the structure and motion parameters of the composite cutting component of the sugarcane intertillage soiling machine on the soiling operation performance is studied. On the basis of analyzing the physical properties and mechanical properties of the soil, the discrete element simulation software EDEM is used to establish the machine working component-soil interaction model, simulate the field operation state of the soiling machine under normal working conditions, and simulate and analyze the factors affecting the machine operation performance. By changing parameters such as the tool speed and the forward speed of the machine, the movement trajectory and flow direction of the soil are observed, the amount of soil transported to the top of the ridge is tested, and parameters such as the outer edge speed of the spiral ridging knife and the forward speed of the machine for better soil cultivation effects are determined, laying the foundation for subsequent machine optimization and field test verification.

[0032] According to the results of the above simulation analysis, a single component prototype of inclined spiral soil-raising was developed, and a tillage soil-raising test was carried out to verify the soil flow control system, test parameters such as soil flow and soil-raising performance, and further optimize the structure of the soil-raising device through experiments. According to the simulation and test results, the key influencing factors were analyzed and the structure was further optimized. The trial production of the soil-raising prototype was completed, and field performance tests were carried out. The soil crushing rate, soil thickness, soil inclination and soil height of the composite cutting parts of the sugarcane tillage soil-raising machine after operation were measured to verify whether the requirements of the tillage soil-raising operation were met; according to the optimal parameters obtained from the simulation and test bench tests of the above key components, according to the production operation capacity of 6 to 8 mu / hour of residual film recovery, the technology of the whole machine for tillage soil-raising of residual film recovery in the sugarcane seedling stage was integrated and trial-produced. The field test was carried out on the whole machine performance of the residual film recovery and soil-raising combined operation machine to test the operation effects of the prototype in film removal, picking up, film stripping and film rolling. At the same time, the working parameters of each component of the machine affect each other during operation. Through multi-factor field tests, the optimal operating parameter combination of the residual film recycling machine is sought.

[0033] A quadratic regression orthogonal combination test was conducted with the picking speed ratio, spiral cutter speed, and machine forward speed as test factors, and the operating efficiency, residual film pick-up rate, and soiling qualified rate as evaluation indicators. The test results were processed and statistically analyzed using Design Expert software, and a model was established. After significance analysis, the primary and secondary factors affecting the residual film pick-up rate were determined. The test results were optimized using the Optimization function of Design Expert software to determine the best parameter combination. The parameter optimization results were verified by field performance tests. The soiling thickness and soiling inclination of the composite cutting parts of the inter-cultivation soiling machine were measured after operation to verify the consistency between the field operation performance test results and the simulation test results, and whether the soiling quality meets the soiling operation requirements.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present application, a method for manufacturing a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine is provided. The specific steps of the manufacturing method in the present device are as follows: A. Study the film-lifting mechanism, measure the thickness of the residual film, design a film-lifting mechanism 400 according to the thickness of the residual film covering the soil, establish a mechanical model of the film-lifting mechanism 400, design a profiling mechanism based on the research of the mechanical model of the film-lifting mechanism 400 and conduct a film-lifting test, optimize the film-lifting teeth according to the results of the film-lifting test, ensure that the film-lifting shovel 430 extends to the bottom of the residual film, and the picking nail teeth 570 can carry the residual film; B. Establish a kinematic model of the picking-up spikes 570, combine the residual film stress conditions with the residual film mechanical properties, determine the residual film picking-up speed ratio range, determine the length of the picking-up spikes 570 and the distance between adjacent picking-up spikes 570, establish a residual film mechanical model during the residual film separation process, and determine the film removal conditions; C. Design the film rolling mechanism 600, establish the mechanical model of the film rolling belt 640, determine the maximum diameter of the film roll and the range of the film rolling angle, and determine the optimal parameter combination of the film rolling mechanism 600 through experiments to ensure that the picking nail teeth 570 can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain 550, and the residual film can be rolled into the film rolling mechanism 600 along the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism 540; D. Design the soil-raising mechanism 300, determine that the working principle of the soil-raising mechanism 300 is the composite cutting of soil by the soil-dividing plow 360 and the inclined spiral soil-raising knife 340, establish a composite cutting model, and manufacture the inclined spiral soil-raising mechanism 300 according to the composite cutting model. The curved surface of the soil-dividing plow 360, the inclined spiral soil-raising knife 340 and the guide cover 370 jointly control the soil flow direction, and establish a machine-soil interaction model through discrete element simulation and experiment of soil cutting and flow direction control, analyze the factors affecting the operating performance of the soil-raising mechanism 300, and optimize the soil-raising effect; E. Integrate multiple operating units into a combined operating machine based on their specific structures, and optimize and improve the functions of the combined operating machine through field performance test verification to form an integrated device.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present application, a method for using a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine is provided. The specific steps of the method for using the device are as follows: A. Measure the thickness of the residual film, and adjust the depth of the film-lifting shovel 430 into the soil, the length of the picking spikes 570, and the distance between adjacent picking spikes 570 according to the thickness of the residual film and the distance between the residual film and the top surface of the soil, so as to ensure that the film-lifting shovel 430 extends to the bottom of the residual film and the picking spikes 570 can carry the residual film; B. Before use, clean and inspect the film lifting mechanism 400, the film picking and stripping mechanism 500 and the demoulding mechanism to ensure that there is no residual film on the film lifting shovel 430, the transmission chain 550, the picking nail teeth 570, the edge film shovel 900 and the film rolling belt 640, and ensure that the depth limiting spring 450 rebounds normally; C. Pull the whole device to one end of the field, adjust the height between the film shovel 430 and the ground, adjust the height between the picking spikes 570 and the ground, and then pull the whole device for a distance to ensure that the film shovel 430 can separate the soil and the residual film, and the picking spikes 570 can drive the residual film to move with the transmission chain 550, and the residual film can be rolled into the film rolling mechanism 600 along the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism 540; D. Use a tractor to pull the device in a straight line to the other end of the sugarcane field. When reaching the other end of the sugarcane field, turn around to recover the residual film and build up soil in the adjacent sugarcane field; The thickness of the residual film is measured to ensure that the film-removing shovel 430 can extend to the bottom of the residual film. Before starting to remove the film, the residual film needs to be wrapped around the film rolling mechanism for several turns to ensure that the residual film will not fall off during the subsequent operation of the equipment. At the same time, the film-removing mechanism 400, the film-picking and stripping machine 500 and the film rolling mechanism 600 need to be cleaned and inspected before use to ensure that no residual film remains.

[0036] It should be noted here that the design of the residual film recovery machine needs to consider the basic topography of the sugarcane field planting area and the material properties of the residual film. The physical properties of the sugarcane field soil, the sugarcane planting pattern, the surface flatness of the sugarcane field, and the distribution of impurities on the film surface directly affect the working principle of the residual film recovery machine to remove and pick up the film. The mechanical properties of the residual film determine the residual film recovery mode. Therefore, the basic topography of the operating area and the basic material properties of the residual film and other factors are studied to provide a basis for the research and development of the recovery equipment. First, the field topography where the sugarcane film is located is investigated and analyzed to obtain the sugarcane planting density, film soil coverage on the film surface, and the surface flatness of the sugarcane field that are related to the recovery of residual film. The mechanical properties of the residual film were tested using a WDW-50 / 100 microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine, and the tensile-displacement curve of each sample was recorded in the test. The soil adhesion coefficient and firmness were measured using an adhesion meter and a soil firmness meter, and a statistical model was established to theoretically analyze and experimentally verify the possibility of winding and rolling up the residual film. Although the strength integrity of the mulch film in the sugarcane field seedling stage is relatively high, due to the widespread use of non-standard mulch films in China and the limitation of poor tensile properties of the mulch films, it is impossible to directly refer to the simple winding and rolling method used in foreign countries for mechanized recovery of the residual film in the sugarcane field.

[0037] In summary, the present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and discloses a towed-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising: a frame and a driving wheel arranged at the bottom of the frame; a soil-raising mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame, a film-lifting mechanism is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism, a film-picking and film-removing mechanism is arranged on one side of the film-lifting mechanism, a film-rolling mechanism is arranged on the top side of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism, a suspension mechanism is arranged between the film-rolling mechanism and the frame, a film-removing guide frame is arranged on the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism, the film-lifting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a contour connecting rod arranged on the mounting frame, and a film-lifting shovel connected to the outer end of the contour connecting rod, a connecting crossbeam is arranged at the end of the film-lifting shovel away from the contour connecting rod, a limited depth spring is arranged between the top of the connecting crossbeam and the mounting frame, and the depth-limiting spring is used to limit the distance that the film-lifting shovel extends to the formation.

[0038] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine, comprising: A frame (100) and a driving wheel (200) arranged at the bottom of the frame (100); characterized in that a soil-raising mechanism (300) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the frame (100), a film-raising mechanism (400) is arranged on one side of the soil-raising mechanism (300), a film-picking and film-removing mechanism (500) is arranged on one side of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism (400), a film-rolling mechanism (600) is arranged on one side of the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism (500), a suspension mechanism (700) is arranged between the film-rolling mechanism (600) and the frame (100), and a film-picking and film-removing mechanism (500) is arranged on one side of the top of the film-picking and film-removing mechanism (500). A film stripping guide frame (800) is arranged at the top, and the film stripping mechanism (400) includes a mounting frame (410), a contoured connecting rod (420) arranged on the mounting frame (410), and a film stripping shovel (430) connected to the outer end of the contoured connecting rod (420), and a connecting beam (440) is arranged at one end of the film stripping shovel (430) away from the contoured connecting rod (420), and a limited depth spring (450) is arranged between the top of the connecting beam (440) and the mounting frame (410), and the depth limiting spring (450) is used to limit the distance that the film stripping shovel (430) extends to the formation.

2. A trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking-up and film-removing mechanism (500) comprises a connecting frame (510) arranged on a frame (100), a screw conveyor (520) arranged on the connecting frame (510), a picking-up roller (530) arranged on the outside of the screw conveyor (520), a combing and brushing film-removing mechanism (540) arranged on the top of the picking-up roller (530), and a transmission chain (550) arranged on the outside of the picking-up roller (530) and the combing and brushing film-removing mechanism (540), a plurality of spiral transmission wheels (560) are arranged between the picking-up roller (530) and the combing and brushing film-removing mechanism (540), a chain transmission is arranged between the plurality of spiral transmission wheels (560), and a plurality of picking spike teeth (570) are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the transmission chain (550) plate.

3. The trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film rolling mechanism (600) includes a column (610) fixed on the frame (100), a film rolling frame (620) connected to the column (610), a plurality of rotating wheels (630) arranged on the film rolling frame (620), and a film rolling belt (640) arranged between the rotating wheels (630), and a flipping mechanism (650) is arranged between the film rolling frame (620) and the column (610).

4. The trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combing and brushing film stripping mechanism (540) comprises a film stripping wheel (541) connected to the connecting frame (510) and a film stripping roller (542) arranged outside the film stripping wheel (541), and the outer diameter of the film stripping roller (542) is higher than the height of the picking spike teeth (570).

5. The trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plow (110) is arranged at the rear side of the film-raising mechanism (400), and a soil-raising mechanism (300) is arranged at the rear side of the plow (110).

6. The trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A film edge shovel (900) is provided on the front side of the picking and stripping mechanism (500).

7. The trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first transmission belt (210) is arranged between the driving wheel (200) and the film rolling mechanism (600), and a second transmission belt (660) is arranged between the film rolling mechanism (600) and the film picking and stripping mechanism (500).

8. The trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-raising mechanism (300) comprises a soil-raising mounting frame (310) fixed to a frame (100), an adjustment mechanism (320) arranged at the bottom of the soil-raising mounting frame (310), side panels (330) arranged at both sides of the adjustment mechanism (320), and an inclined spiral soil-raising knife (340) arranged outside the side panels (330), a protective plate (350) being fixed to the top of the side panels (330), a soil-dividing knife (360) being fixed to the bottom of the side panels (330), and a guide cover (370) being arranged on the outer surface of the inclined spiral soil-raising knife (340).

9. A method for manufacturing a trailer-type film-covered sugarcane field combined operation machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of the manufacturing method are as follows: A. studying the film-lifting mechanism, measuring the thickness of the residual film, designing a film-lifting mechanism (400) according to the thickness of the soil covering the residual film, establishing a mechanical model of the film-lifting mechanism (400), designing a profiling mechanism based on the mechanical model of the film-lifting mechanism (400) and conducting a film-lifting test, optimizing the film-lifting teeth according to the results of the film-lifting test, ensuring that the film-lifting shovel (430) extends to the bottom of the residual film, and the picking nail teeth (570) can lift the residual film; B. Establishing a kinematic model of the picking-up spikes (570), combining the residual film stress conditions with the residual film mechanical properties, determining the residual film picking-up speed ratio range, determining the length of the picking-up spikes (570) and the distance between adjacent picking-up spikes (570), establishing a residual film mechanical model during the residual film separation process, and determining the film separation conditions; C. Designing a film rolling mechanism (600), establishing a mechanical model of the film rolling belt (640), determining the maximum diameter of the film roll and the range of the film rolling angle, and determining the optimal parameter combination of the film rolling mechanism (600) through experiments to ensure that the picking nail teeth (570) can drive the residual film to move along the transmission chain (550), and the residual film can be rolled into the film rolling mechanism (600) along the combing and brushing film stripping mechanism; D. Designing a soil-raising mechanism (300), determining that the working principle of the soil-raising mechanism (300) is a composite soil-cutting operation of a soil-splitting plow (360) and an inclined spiral soil-splitting blade (340), establishing a composite cutting model, manufacturing an inclined spiral soil-splitting mechanism (300) according to the composite cutting model, wherein the curved surface of the soil-splitting plow (360), the inclined spiral soil-splitting blade (340) and the guide cover (370) jointly control the soil flow direction, establishing a machine-soil interaction model through discrete element simulation and experiments on soil cutting and flow direction control, analyzing factors affecting the operating performance of the soil-splitting mechanism (300), and optimizing the soil-splitting effect; E. Integrate multiple operating units into a combined operating machine based on their specific structures, and optimize and improve the functions of the combined operating machine through field performance test verification to form an integrated device.

Images