Heating device and electric automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating device and an electric vehicle. Provided is a technique capable of suppressing variations in the width of a flow path for a heat medium. The heating device may be provided with: a heater; an upper surface side member facing the upper surface of the heater; a lower surface side member facing the lower surface of the heater; an upper surface-side flow path provided between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface-side member; a lower surface-side flow path provided between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface-side member; a first spacer disposed between the upper surface of the heater and the upper-surface-side member so as to secure a gap between the upper surface of the heater and the upper-surface-side member; a second spacer disposed between the lower surface of the heater and the lower-surface-side member so as to secure a gap between the lower surface of the heater and the lower-surface-side member; and an elastic member that presses the upper surface-side member or the lower surface-side member toward the heater side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The technology disclosed in this specification relates to a heating device and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Patent document 1 discloses a ceramic heater unit comprising: a plate-shaped ceramic heater; two metal components that tightly clamp the ceramic heater from both sides; and a sealing component that is waterproof so that the heated liquid only contacts the two metal components, thereby preventing the heated liquid from contacting the ceramic heater.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-189228 Summary of the invention

[0006] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0007] In the ceramic heater unit of Patent Document 1, for example, when the ceramic heater generates heat, the ceramic heater may warp or expand. If the ceramic heater warps or expands, the width of the flow path of the heated liquid (heat medium) may change due to the influence.

[0008] This specification provides a technology capable of suppressing a change in the width of a heat medium flow path.

[0009] Solutions for solving problems

[0010] In the first technical solution of the present technology, it can also be that the heating device comprises: a heater; an upper surface side member, which is opposite to the upper surface of the heater; a lower surface side member, which is opposite to the lower surface of the heater; an upper surface side flow path, which is arranged between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member; a lower surface side flow path, which is arranged between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member; a first spacer, which is arranged between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member to ensure the interval between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member; a second spacer, which is arranged between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member to ensure the interval between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member; and an elastic member, which presses the upper surface side member or the lower surface side member toward the heater side.

[0011] According to this structure, the upper surface side member or the lower surface side member is pressed toward the heater side by the elastic member, so that even if the heater is warped or expanded when the heater is heated, these conditions can be corrected. Thus, the width of the heat medium flow path can be suppressed from changing due to the influence of the warping and expansion of the heater.

[0012] In the second technical solution, according to the above-mentioned first technical solution, the heater may be configured in a spiral shape. The first spacer may extend in the radial direction of the spiral heater between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member. The second spacer may extend in the radial direction of the spiral heater between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member.

[0013] According to this configuration, the heat medium can be made to flow smoothly in the radial direction of the spiral heater, and fluctuations in the flow velocity of the heat medium can be suppressed.

[0014] In the third technical solution, according to the first technical solution, the heater may be configured in a straight line. The first spacer may extend between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member in the short side direction of the straight heater. The second spacer may extend between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member in the short side direction of the straight heater.

[0015] According to this configuration, the heat medium can be made to flow smoothly in the short-side direction of the linear heater, and fluctuations in the flow rate of the heat medium can be suppressed.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, the electric vehicle may include the heating device according to any one of the first to third aspects. According to this configuration, the accuracy of temperature management of the heat medium used in the electric vehicle can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the heating device of the embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heating device of the embodiment ( Figure 1 II-II sectional view).

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of part III.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the elastic member of the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 5It is a cross-sectional view of a heating device according to a modified example.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a heating device according to another modified example.

[0023] Description of Reference Numerals

[0024] 2. Heating device; 4. Shell; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Exhaust pipe; 10. Heater; 10a. Upper surface; 10b. Lower surface; 22. Upper surface side flow path; 24. Lower surface side flow path; 26. Outer flow path; 28. Connecting flow path; 42. Upper side member; 44. Lower side member; 46. Cover member; 48. Lower surface side member; 50. First spacer; 52. Second spacer; 80. Pressing member; 100. Elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] (Example)

[0026] The heating device 2 of the embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the heating device 2 includes a heater 10, a pressing member 80, an elastic member 100, and a housing 4. The heater 10, the pressing member 80, and the elastic member 100 are accommodated in the housing 4. In addition, the heating device 2 includes an introduction pipe 6 (a first introduction pipe 6a and a second introduction pipe 6b) for introducing a fluid into the housing 4 and a discharge pipe 7 for discharging the fluid to the outside of the housing 4. The fluid introduced into the housing 4 is, for example, water, a coolant, etc. The fluid introduced into the housing 4 functions as a heat medium of the heating device 2.

[0027] (Structure of Heater 10)

[0028] The heater 10 is an electric heater that generates heat by passing electricity. The heater 10 is, for example, a sheath heater or a ceramic heater. The heater 10 includes, for example, a heating element 90, a tubular shell 94 that accommodates the heating element 90, and a powdered insulating material 96 that fills a gap between the heating element 90 and the shell 94. The heating element 90 is, for example, made of a spiral nickel-chromium alloy wire.

[0029] The heater 10 is formed in a spiral shape when viewed from above. The spiral heater 10 includes an inner end 12 and an outer end 13 in the spiral direction. The inner end 12 and the outer end 13 are connected to electrical terminals 122 and 132 for power supply, respectively (see Figure 1 ) is connected. Power is supplied to the heater 10 via the electrical terminals 122 and 132. The plurality of surrounding portions of the spiral heater 10 respectively surround once in the spiral direction of the heater 10. For example, the innermost peripheral portion 14 and the outermost peripheral portion 15 of the heater 10 respectively surround once in the spiral direction of the heater 10.

[0030] (Structure of Pressing Member 80)

[0031] The pressing member 80 is arranged inside the housing 4 in a manner of covering the upper surface 10a of the heater 10. The pressing member 80 is formed into a substantially disc-like shape in a manner of covering the upper surface 10a of the spiral heater 10. The pressing member 80 extends in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10. The pressing member 80 is arranged in a manner of being able to move up and down between the heater 10 and the housing 4. The pressing member 80 is opposite to the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and extends in the lateral direction along the upper surface 10a of the heater 10.

[0032] An upper surface side flow path 22 is provided between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the lower surface 80b of the pressing member 80. The upper surface side flow path 22 extends in the lateral direction along the upper surface 10a of the heater 10. The upper surface side flow path 22 extends in the radial direction of the vortex-shaped heater 10. The upper surface side flow path 22 is a flow path for causing the fluid to flow in the lateral direction along the upper surface 10a of the heater 10. The upper surface side flow path 22 is a flow path for causing the fluid to flow in the radial direction of the heater 10.

[0033] The width W22 of the upper surface side flow path 22 in the vertical direction may be narrower than, for example, 3 times (=3×W10) the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction. The width W22 of the upper surface side flow path 22 in the vertical direction may be narrower than, for example, 2 times (=2×W10) the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction. The width W22 of the upper surface side flow path 22 in the vertical direction may be narrower than, for example, the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction.

[0034] A plurality of first spacers 50 are provided on the lower surface 80b (the surface on the heater 10 side) of the pressing member 80. The plurality of first spacers 50 are arranged between the lower surface 80b of the pressing member 80 and the upper surface 10a of the heater 10. The plurality of first spacers 50 are fixed to the lower surface 80b of the pressing member 80. The plurality of first spacers 50 extend radially in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10. The plurality of first spacers 50 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the spiral heater 10. Each first spacer 50 ensures a gap between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the lower surface 80b of the pressing member 80. Thus, each first spacer 50 ensures the width of the upper surface side flow path 22 in the up-down direction. The pressing member 80 presses the heater 10 downward via the plurality of first spacers 50.

[0035] (Structure of Housing 4)

[0036] The housing 4 includes a first housing portion 40 for housing the heater 10, the pressing member 80, the elastic member 100, etc. The housing 4 also includes a second housing portion 41 for housing the wiring board 140 and the electric terminals 122, 132, etc.

[0037] The housing 4 includes an upper member 42 facing the pressing member 80, a lower member 44 facing the heater 10, and a cover member 46 facing the lower member 44. A first accommodating portion 40 is formed in a portion surrounded by the upper member 42 and the lower member 44. A second accommodating portion 41 is formed in a portion surrounded by the lower surface member 48 and the cover member 46.

[0038] An outer flow path 26 is provided between the upper member 42 of the housing 4 and the pressing member 80. The outer flow path 26 extends in the lateral direction along the pressing member 80. The outer flow path 26 extends in the radial direction of the vortex-shaped heater 10. The outer flow path 26 is a flow path for causing the fluid to flow in the lateral direction along the pressing member 80. The outer flow path 26 is a flow path for causing the fluid to flow in the radial direction of the vortex-shaped heater 10.

[0039] An elastic member 100 is disposed in the outer flow path 26 between the upper member 42 and the pressing member 80. Figure 4 As shown, the elastic member 100 is composed of an annular corrugated plate-like member. The elastic member 100 is made of metal, for example. The elastic member 100 is arranged in a manner to surround the introduction pipe 6. The elastic member 100 extends in the circumferential direction of the heater 10. The elastic member 100 functions as a leaf spring that presses the pressing member 80. The upper end of the elastic member 100 contacts the upper member 42 of the housing 4, and the lower end of the elastic member 100 contacts the pressing member 80. The elastic member 100 uses the reaction force of the upper member 42 of the housing 4 to press the pressing member 80 toward the heater 10 side. As a result, the pressing member 80 presses the heater 10 downward.

[0040] In addition, the structure of the elastic member 100 is not particularly limited. For example, the elastic member 100 may also be composed of a coil spring. In addition, the elastic member 100 may also be composed of rubber. In addition, the number of elastic members 100 is not particularly limited. A plurality of elastic members 100 (for example, coil springs) may also be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the heater 10.

[0041] The lower member 44 of the housing 4 includes a lower surface member 48 that is opposite to the lower surface 10b of the heater 10. The lower surface member 48 is arranged so as to cover the lower surface 10b of the heater 10. The lower surface member 48 is configured to be substantially disc-shaped so as to cover the lower surface 10b of the spiral heater 10. The lower surface member 48 extends in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10. The lower surface member 48 extends in the lateral direction along the lower surface 10b of the heater 10.

[0042] A lower surface side flow path 24 is provided between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the upper surface 48a of the lower surface side member 48. The lower surface side flow path 24 extends in the lateral direction along the lower surface 10b of the heater 10. The lower surface side flow path 24 extends in the radial direction of the vortex-shaped heater 10. The lower surface side flow path 24 is a flow path for causing the fluid to flow in the lateral direction along the lower surface 10b of the heater 10. The lower surface side flow path 24 is a flow path for causing the fluid to flow in the radial direction of the heater 10.

[0043] The width W24 of the lower surface side flow path 24 in the vertical direction may be narrower than, for example, 3 times (=3×W10) the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction. The width W24 of the lower surface side flow path 24 in the vertical direction may be narrower than, for example, 2 times (=2×W10) the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction. The width W24 of the lower surface side flow path 24 in the vertical direction may be narrower than, for example, the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction.

[0044] A plurality of second spacers 52 are provided on the upper surface 48a (the surface on the heater 10 side) of the lower surface side member 48. The plurality of second spacers 52 are arranged between the upper surface 48a of the lower surface side member 48 and the lower surface 10b of the heater 10. A plurality of second spacers 52 are fixed to the upper surface 48a of the lower surface side member 48. The plurality of second spacers 52 extend radially in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10. The plurality of second spacers 52 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the spiral heater 10. Each second spacer 52 ensures the interval between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the upper surface 48a of the lower surface side member 48. Thus, each second spacer 52 ensures the width of the lower surface side flow path 24 in the up-down direction.

[0045] A connecting flow path 28 is provided between the outer end of the lower surface side member 48 and the outer end of the pressing member 80. The connecting flow path 28 is provided around the outermost peripheral portion 15 of the heater 10, and surrounds the outermost peripheral portion 15 of the heater 10. The connecting flow path 28 is provided at a position radially outside the outermost peripheral portion 15 of the heater 10. The connecting flow path 28 is provided between the outermost peripheral portion 15 of the heater 10 and the outer flow path 26. The connecting flow path 28 extends in the circumferential direction of the outermost peripheral portion 15 along the outermost peripheral portion 15 of the heater 10. The connecting flow path 28 is connected to the upper surface side flow path 22 and the lower surface side flow path 24. The connecting flow path 28 is a flow path that allows the fluid that has flowed through the upper surface side flow path 22 and the lower surface side flow path 24 to flow to the outer flow path 26.

[0046] The width W28 of the connecting flow path 28 in the vertical direction is, for example, narrower than the width W10 of the heater 10 in the vertical direction, and narrower than the width W50 of the outer flow path 26 in the vertical direction. In addition, the width W28 of the connecting flow path 28 in the vertical direction may be narrower than the width W22 of the upper surface side flow path 22 in the vertical direction, and may be narrower than the width W24 of the lower surface side flow path 24 in the vertical direction.

[0047] (Structure of Introducing Pipe 6 (First Introducing Pipe 6a and Second Introducing Pipe 6b) and Discharging Pipe 7)

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the first introduction pipe 6a of the heating device 2 is connected to the upper member 42 of the shell 4. The downstream end of the first introduction pipe 6a is fixed to the upper member 42 of the shell 4. The first introduction pipe 6a extends from the upper member 42 of the shell 4 toward the upper side in the longitudinal direction. The first introduction pipe 6a can also be manufactured integrally with the shell 4. The first introduction pipe 6a has an introduction flow path 60 for introducing a fluid into the interior of the shell 4.

[0049] The second introduction pipe 6b is connected to the pressing member 80. The downstream end of the second introduction pipe 6b is fixed to the pressing member 80. The second introduction pipe 6b extends longitudinally from the pressing member 80 toward the upper side. The second introduction pipe 6b can also be manufactured integrally with the pressing member 80. The upstream end of the second introduction pipe 6b is inserted into the introduction flow path 60 of the first introduction pipe 6a. A sealing member 68 (for example, an O-ring) is arranged between the second introduction pipe 6b and the first introduction pipe 6a. The second introduction pipe 6b can move up and down along the first introduction pipe 6a. The second introduction pipe 6b moves up and down as the pressing member 80 moves up and down.

[0050] The second inlet pipe 6b has an inlet 62 for introducing a fluid into the interior of the housing 4. The inlet 62 is provided at a position above the upper surface 10a of the heater 10. The inlet 62 opens at a position above the upper surface 10a of the heater 10. The inlet 62 is provided at a position opposite to the central portion 16 of the heater 10. The central portion 16 of the heater 10 is a portion that is inside the innermost peripheral portion 14 of the spiral-shaped heater 10. The inlet 62 opens toward the central portion 16 of the heater 10. The inlet 62 expands toward the central portion 16 of the heater 10. The diameter of the inlet 62 increases as it goes downward. The inner peripheral surface of the inlet 62 is inclined relative to the length direction of the inlet flow path 60. In addition, in a modified example, the inlet 62 may not be expanded.

[0051] The discharge pipe 7 is connected to the upper member 42 of the housing 4. The upstream end of the discharge pipe 7 is fixed to the upper member 42 of the housing 4. The discharge pipe 7 extends from the upper member 42 of the housing 4 toward the upper side in the longitudinal direction. The discharge pipe 7 can also be manufactured integrally with the housing 4. The discharge pipe 7 has a discharge flow path 70 for discharging the fluid to the outside of the housing 4. The discharge flow path 70 is connected to the outer flow path 26 inside the housing 4. The discharge flow path 70 discharges the fluid from the outer flow path 26 to the outside of the housing 4.

[0052] (Operation of the heating device 2)

[0053] In the above-mentioned heating device 2, a fluid is introduced into the interior of the housing 4 by means of an introduction pipe 6 connected to the housing 4. The fluid is introduced toward the center portion 16 of the heater 10. The fluid introduced into the center portion 16 of the heater 10 flows from the center portion 16 of the heater 10 into the upper surface side flow path 22 and the lower surface side flow path 24. The fluid flows radially along the upper surface 10a and the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 toward the outer side in the radial direction of the heater 10. The fluid flowing in the upper surface side flow path 22 and the lower surface side flow path 24 is heated by the heater 10 while flowing in the radial direction of the heater 10.

[0054] The fluid heated by the heater 10 is discharged to the outer flow path 26 via the connecting flow path 28. The fluid discharged to the outer flow path 26 is discharged to the outside of the housing 4 through the discharge pipe 7 connected to the housing 4.

[0055] (Effect)

[0056] The above is a description of the heating device 2 of the embodiment. As described above, the heating device 2 includes: a pressing member 80 (an example of an upper surface side member) facing the upper surface 10a of the heater 10; a lower surface side member 48 facing the lower surface 10b of the heater 10; an upper surface side flow path 22 provided between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the pressing member 80; and a lower surface side flow path 24 provided between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the lower surface side member 48. In addition, the heating device 2 includes: a first spacer 50, which is arranged between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the pressing member 80 to ensure the interval between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the pressing member 80; a second spacer 52, which is arranged between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the lower surface side member 48 to ensure the interval between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the lower surface side member 48; and an elastic member 100, which presses the pressing member 80 toward the heater 10 side.

[0057] According to this structure, the pressing member 80 is pressed toward the heater 10 by the elastic member 100, so that even if the heater 10 is warped or expanded when the heater 10 is heated, these conditions can be corrected. Thus, the width of the upper surface side flow path 22 and the lower surface side flow path 24 can be suppressed from changing due to the influence of the warping and expansion of the heater 10.

[0058] In the above-mentioned heating device 2, the heater 10 is configured in a spiral shape. The first spacer 50 extends in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10 between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the pressing member 80. The second spacer 52 extends in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10 between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the lower surface side member 48. According to this structure, the fluid can flow smoothly in the radial direction of the spiral heater 10, and the change of the flow rate of the fluid can be suppressed. In addition, the heat of the heater 10 can be efficiently transferred to the fluid, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0059] Although the embodiment has been described above, the form of the heating device 2 is not limited to the above embodiment. In the following description, the detailed description of the same structure as the above description may be omitted.

[0060] (Variation Example)

[0061] (1) In the above-mentioned embodiment, the heater 10 is configured in a spiral shape, but the present invention is not limited to this structure. Figure 5 As shown, the heater 10 may be configured to be serpentine in a plan view. In this case, the pressing member 80 for pressing the heater 10 may be configured to be, for example, substantially rectangular in a plan view (not shown).

[0062] In addition, the plurality of first spacers 50 may extend in parallel in the front-rear direction of the meandering heater 10. The plurality of first spacers 50 may be arranged in parallel at intervals in the left-right direction (width direction) of the meandering heater 10.

[0063] Furthermore, the heating device 2 may include a plurality of introduction pipes 6. In this configuration, the fluid introduced into the housing 4 by the plurality of introduction pipes 6 flows in the front-rear direction of the meandering heater 10.

[0064] (2) In other variations, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heater 10 may also be configured in a straight line when viewed from above. The heating device 2 may also include a plurality of straight heaters 10. A plurality of straight heaters 10 may also be arranged in a spaced arrangement and extend in parallel. In this case, the pressing member 80 may also be configured in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from above (not shown).

[0065] In addition, the plurality of first spacers 50 may be arranged in parallel at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the linear heater 10 . In addition, the plurality of first spacers 50 may extend in parallel in the short-side direction of the linear heater 10 .

[0066] In addition, the heating device 2 may also include a plurality of introduction pipes 6. In this structure, the fluid introduced into the interior of the housing 4 by the plurality of introduction pipes 6 flows in the short-side direction of the linear heater 10. According to this structure, the fluid can flow smoothly in the short-side direction of the linear heater 10, and the change of the flow rate of the fluid can be suppressed.

[0067] (3) In the above-mentioned embodiment, the structure is as follows: a pressing member 80 is arranged between the upper surface 10a of the heater 10 and the upper member 42 of the housing 4, and the pressing member 80 is opposite to the upper surface 10a of the heater 10, but the present invention is not limited to this structure. In a modified example, the structure may also be as follows: a pressing member 80 is arranged between the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 and the lower member 44 of the housing 4, and the pressing member 80 is opposite to the lower surface 10b of the heater 10. In this structure, the pressing member 80 is an example of a "lower surface side member". In addition, the upper member 42 is an example of an "upper surface side member".

[0068] In this case, an elastic member 100 may be disposed between the pressing member 80 and the lower member 44 of the housing 4. The elastic member 100 may press the pressing member 80 toward the heater 10 by utilizing the reaction force of the lower member 44 of the housing 4. Thus, the pressing member 80 presses the lower surface 10b of the heater 10 upward.

[0069] In this structure, a plurality of first spacers 50 may be disposed between the upper surface 10 a of the heater 10 and the upper member 42 of the housing 4 , and a plurality of second spacers 52 may be disposed between the lower surface 10 b of the heater 10 and the pressing member 80 .

[0070] (4) The heating device 2 may be mounted on a vehicle (e.g., an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a gasoline vehicle, etc.). For example, the heating device 2 may be used to heat the heat medium of a heating device of the vehicle. According to this structure, the accuracy of temperature management of the fluid (heat medium) used in the vehicle can be improved.

[0071] The specific examples of the present invention are described in detail above, but these are only examples and are not intended to limit the claims. The technologies described in the claims include technologies that are variously modified and altered to the specific examples illustrated above. The technical elements described in this specification or the drawings exert technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of application. In addition, the technologies illustrated in this specification or the drawings can achieve multiple purposes at the same time, and achieving one of the purposes itself has technical usefulness.

Claims

1. A heating device, wherein: The heating device has: Heater; an upper surface side member that is opposite to the upper surface of the heater; a lower surface side member which is opposite to the lower surface of the heater; an upper surface side flow path provided between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member; a lower surface side flow path provided between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member; a first spacer disposed between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member to ensure a gap between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member; a second spacer disposed between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member to ensure a gap between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member; as well as An elastic member presses the upper surface side member or the lower surface side member toward the heater side.

2. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein: The heater is configured in a vortex shape. The first spacer extends in the radial direction of the spiral heater between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member. The second spacer extends in a radial direction of the spiral heater between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member.

3. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein: The heater is configured in a linear shape. The first spacer extends between the upper surface of the heater and the upper surface side member in the short side direction of the linear heater. The second spacer extends between the lower surface of the heater and the lower surface side member in the short side direction of the linear heater.

4. An electric vehicle, wherein: This electric vehicle includes the heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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