Soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and discloses a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil and a preparation method, the soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials by weight: 10-15 parts of lime, 30-50 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of a microbial agent, 1-2 parts of a trace element fertilizer, 5-10 parts of a water-retaining agent and 10-20 parts of powdered rock phosphate. The microbial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The water-retaining agent comprises polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol. The trace element fertilizer comprises ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride and borax. The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: preparing 10-15 parts of lime, 30-50 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of a microbial agent, 1-2 parts of a trace element fertilizer, 5-10 parts of a water-retaining agent and 10-20 parts of ground phosphate rock; s2, mixing the raw materials; s3, adding a trace element fertilizer and ground phosphate rock; and S4, packaging and storing. The soil conditioner can improve the pH value of soil, increase the organic matter content of the soil, promote ecological balance and enhance the water retention capacity of the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a soil improver suitable for southern red soil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Red soil is a type of soil that develops under tropical and subtropical rainforests, monsoon forests or evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation. It is red in color, mainly because the soil is rich in iron and aluminum oxides.

[0003] Red soil in China is mainly distributed in the low mountain and hilly areas south of the Yangtze River, including most of Jiangxi and Hunan provinces, southern Yunnan, southeastern Hubei, northern Guangdong and Fujian, and parts of Guizhou, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, and southern China. These areas have excellent climatic conditions, sufficient light and heat, and a long growing season, which are conducive to the formation and development of red soil.

[0004] The formation of red soil mainly went through the process of desiliconization, aluminum enrichment and bioaccumulation. Under the subtropical bioclimatic conditions, rocks were weathered, silicate minerals were decomposed, silicon and alkali metal elements were leached, and oxides such as iron and aluminum were relatively enriched, forming red soil rich in iron and aluminum oxides. At the same time, the bioaccumulation process also promoted the formation of red soil. The roots of vegetation and dead branches and leaves decomposed in the soil, releasing organic matter and nutrients, further improving the soil structure.

[0005] Although red soil is rich in iron and aluminum oxides, it has a low organic matter content, is highly acidic, and has a heavy clay texture. The pH value of red soil is between 4.0 and 6.0, showing strong acidity. Although this acidic environment is conducive to activating nutrients such as iron and manganese in the soil, it will also accelerate the decomposition and leaching of minerals and organic matter, resulting in a decrease in soil fertility and a low organic matter content.

[0006] The texture of red soil is relatively heavy, especially the red soil developed on the Quaternary red clay, whose clay content can reach more than 40%, or even higher. The high clay content makes the red soil less stable in structure and prone to soil erosion under rain erosion, which is not conducive to soil and water conservation and farmland irrigation.

[0007] In addition to low organic matter content, red soil also has relatively low total nitrogen and total phosphorus content. The total nitrogen content is mostly below 0.06%, and the total phosphorus content is 0.04% to 0.06%. The lack of these nutrients limits the growth and yield of crops.

[0008] Red soil areas usually have concentrated and intense rainfall, and the soil structure is loose and has a high clay content, which makes soil erosion particularly serious. Soil erosion not only leads to a decline in soil fertility and deterioration of the ecological environment, but also has an adverse impact on agricultural production and water resource utilization. In order to slow down soil erosion, soil and water conservation measures such as afforestation and terrace construction are needed.

[0009] The tillage layer of red soil is shallow and heavy, which is not conducive to tillage by agricultural machinery and the extension of crop roots. This increases the difficulty and cost of agricultural production and also limits the improvement of crop yield and quality. In order to improve the tillage performance of red soil, reasonable tillage management and soil improvement are needed. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of low organic matter content, strong acidity and heavy soil quality of red soil.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil, comprising the following raw materials in the following weight ratios: 10-15 lime, 30-50 decomposed farmyard manure, 5-10 zeolite powder, 10-20 microbial agent, 1-2 trace element fertilizer, 5-10 water retaining agent and 10-20 phosphate rock powder.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the soil conditioner has multiple effects such as increasing soil pH, improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, improving crop stress resistance, retaining water and resisting drought, and promoting microbial activity. Red soil is acidic, and lime can neutralize soil acidity and increase soil pH. This helps to reduce the adverse effects of soil acidity on crop growth and promote the growth of crop roots and the absorption of nutrients. Decomposed farmyard manure contains rich organic matter, which can improve soil agglomeration, increase soil porosity, and improve soil water retention and air permeability. This helps to provide a good growth environment and promote the growth and respiration of crop roots. Zeolite powder and phosphate rock powder are rich in nutrients required by plants, such as phosphorus, potassium, etc., which can improve soil fertility and meet the nutritional needs of crop growth. At the same time, microbial agents can promote the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, release more nutrients, and further increase soil fertility. Trace element fertilizers can supplement trace nutrients required for crop growth, such as iron, zinc, boron, etc., which help to improve crop stress resistance and enhance crop growth potential. Water retaining agents can improve the soil's water retention capacity, reduce water evaporation and infiltration, thereby reducing the risk of soil drought and ensuring the water needs of crops. Microbial agents can promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, improve the biological activity of the soil, help decompose organic matter, provide nutrients, and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

[0013] Furthermore, the above-mentioned soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil, the microbial agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into ammonia that can be used by plants, thereby replenishing the nitrogen source in the soil. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can effectively decompose insoluble phosphorus compounds in the soil and convert them into phosphorus forms that can be absorbed by plants. The addition of these two bacterial agents can enhance the nitrogen and phosphorus cycle in the soil and increase the content of nutrients in the soil that can be absorbed by crops.

[0015] Furthermore, the soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil and the water retaining agent include polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0016] Furthermore, the above-mentioned soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil, the trace element fertilizer includes ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, zinc chloride, cupric chloride and borax.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: by improving soil fertility, enhancing crop disease resistance, improving crop quality, increasing crop yield, optimizing crop growth environment, reducing fertilizer use, adapting to crop needs and promoting soil health, etc., it provides an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for agricultural production.

[0018] Furthermore, the preparation method of the soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1, raw material preparation: prepare 10-15 parts of lime, 30-50 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of microbial agent, 1-2 parts of trace element fertilizer, 5-10 parts of water retaining agent and 10-20 parts of phosphate rock powder;

[0020] S2, mixing raw materials: mixing lime and decomposed farm manure, stirring evenly; further mixing the mixed lime and decomposed farm manure with zeolite powder, stirring evenly; adding microbial agent, stirring evenly again, to obtain a mixture;

[0021] S3, adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder: adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder to the mixture, stirring to make them evenly dispersed, to obtain a soil conditioner;

[0022] S4, packaging and storage: put the evenly mixed soil conditioner into a container and seal it for storage.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the soil conditioner prepared according to the method can improve soil pH and promote nutrient effectiveness; can increase soil organic matter content and enhance soil fertility; can introduce beneficial microorganisms and promote ecological balance; can supplement trace elements and meet the comprehensive needs of crops; can enhance soil water retention capacity and reduce the impact of drought; is environmentally friendly and sustainable and promotes green development of agriculture.

[0024] Red soil in the south is generally acidic, which is not conducive to the growth of many crops and limits the solubility and effectiveness of nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium in the soil. The addition of lime in the present invention, as an alkaline substance, can effectively neutralize soil acidity and increase soil pH, thereby increasing the effectiveness of soil nutrients. Lime can also promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve soil physical properties, and enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity.

[0025] As an important source of organic matter, decomposed farmyard manure is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements. Its addition not only directly supplements soil nutrients, but also gradually releases nutrients through the decomposition of microorganisms, forming a long-term fertilizer effect. At the same time, organic matter can improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water retention, and create good conditions for the growth of crop roots.

[0026] Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in microbial agents are key members of the soil microbial community. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into ammonia nitrogen that can be used by plants, increasing the nitrogen supply in the soil; phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can decompose insoluble phosphorus compounds in the soil and improve the effectiveness of phosphorus. The introduction of these beneficial microorganisms not only enriches the diversity of soil microorganisms, but also promotes the circulation and transformation of soil nutrients, helping to build a healthy soil microbial ecosystem.

[0027] The addition of trace element fertilizers (such as ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride and borax) provides comprehensive and balanced nutritional support for crops to address the possible trace element deficiency in southern red soil. These trace elements play a vital role in the growth and development of crops, such as participating in enzyme synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration and other physiological processes, and are of great significance to improving crop yield and quality.

[0028] The addition of water retaining agents (polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol) effectively improves the water holding capacity of the soil through its unique water absorption and water retention properties. In the dry season or when irrigation is insufficient, water retaining agents can absorb and store a large amount of water for crops to slowly absorb and utilize, thereby alleviating the adverse effects of drought on crop growth and ensuring normal crop growth.

[0029] The soil conditioner of the present invention is mainly made of natural raw materials, does not contain chemical synthetic substances, is environmentally friendly, and meets the requirements of green development of modern agriculture. Its long-term application can not only improve soil quality, but also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, and promote the virtuous cycle of agricultural ecosystems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for preparing a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for preparing a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, raw material preparation, prepare the following raw materials in proportion by weight:

[0035] raw material Weight raw material Weight lime 10 Microbial Agents 10 Mature farmyard manure 30 Trace element fertilizer 1 Zeolite powder 5 Water Retention Agent 5 Phosphate rock powder 10

[0036] S2, mixing raw materials: mixing lime and decomposed farm manure, stirring evenly; further mixing the mixed lime and decomposed farm manure with zeolite powder, stirring evenly; adding microbial agent, stirring evenly again, to obtain a mixture;

[0037] S3, adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder: adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder to the mixture, stirring to make them evenly dispersed, to obtain a soil conditioner;

[0038] S4, packaging and storage: put the evenly mixed soil conditioner into a container and seal it for storage.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A method for preparing a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1, raw material preparation, prepare the following raw materials in proportion by weight:

[0042] raw material Weight raw material Weight lime 12 Microbial Agents 15 Mature farmyard manure 40 Trace element fertilizer 1.5 Zeolite powder 7 Water Retention Agent 7 Phosphate rock powder 15

[0043] S2, mixing raw materials: mixing lime and decomposed farm manure, stirring evenly; further mixing the mixed lime and decomposed farm manure with zeolite powder, stirring evenly; adding microbial agent, stirring evenly again, to obtain a mixture;

[0044] S3, adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder: adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder to the mixture, stirring to make them evenly dispersed, to obtain a soil conditioner;

[0045] S4, packaging and storage: put the evenly mixed soil conditioner into a container and seal it for storage.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A method for preparing a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1, raw material preparation, prepare the following raw materials in proportion by weight:

[0049] raw material Weight raw material Weight lime 15 Microbial Agents 20 Mature farmyard manure 50 Trace element fertilizer 2 Zeolite powder 10 Water Retention Agent 10 Phosphate rock powder 20

[0050] S2, mixing raw materials: mixing lime and decomposed farm manure, stirring evenly; further mixing the mixed lime and decomposed farm manure with zeolite powder, stirring evenly; adding microbial agent, stirring evenly again, to obtain a mixture;

[0051] S3, adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder: adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder to the mixture, stirring to make them evenly dispersed, to obtain a soil conditioner;

[0052] S4, packaging and storage: put the evenly mixed soil conditioner into a container and seal it for storage.

[0053] This soil conditioner is mainly used for fruit tree cultivation. It improves soil structure, enhances soil fertility, and improves the efficiency of fruit trees in absorbing nutrients from the soil. The root system of fruit trees is well developed, the yield is increased, the fruit quality is improved, the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer is enhanced, and pests and diseases are reduced.

[0054] In the process of improving and utilizing red soil, the surface soil of the red soil is plowed to 30 cm deep to break the soil hardening and improve the ventilation and water retention capacity of the soil. Then the soil conditioner of Examples 1 to 3 is applied, and 375 kg of soil conditioner is applied per mu to increase the soil organic matter content, promote microbial activity, and improve soil structure. Then the applied soil conditioner is fully mixed with the surface soil to ensure that the soil conditioner is evenly distributed and improve the utilization rate of the soil conditioner.

[0055] After mixing, the soil is backfilled to restore the 30 cm deep soil layer. Ridge making is performed on the basis of soil restoration to create a suitable bed surface for fruit planting. Through the above steps, a fertile and well-structured growth environment can be provided for fruits, which is conducive to improving yield and fruit quality.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following weight proportions: 10-15 lime, 30-50 decomposed farmyard manure, 5-10 zeolite powder, 10-20 microbial agent, 1-2 trace element fertilizer, 5-10 water retaining agent and 10-20 phosphate rock powder.

2. The soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

3. The soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retaining agent includes polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol.

4. The soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace element fertilizers include ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, zinc chloride, cupric chloride and borax.

5. A method for preparing a soil conditioner suitable for southern red soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, raw material preparation: prepare 10-15 parts of lime, 30-50 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 5-10 parts of zeolite powder, 10-20 parts of microbial agent, 1-2 parts of trace element fertilizer, 5-10 parts of water retaining agent and 10-20 parts of phosphate rock powder; S2, mixing raw materials: mixing lime and decomposed farm manure, stirring evenly; further mixing the mixed lime and decomposed farm manure with zeolite powder, stirring evenly; adding microbial agent, stirring evenly again, to obtain a mixture; S3, adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder: adding trace element fertilizer and phosphate rock powder to the mixture, stirring to make them evenly dispersed, to obtain a soil conditioner; S4, packaging and storage: put the evenly mixed soil conditioner into a container and seal it for storage.

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