Smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in blast furnace molten iron

Abstract

The invention discloses a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in blast furnace molten iron, and relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, the system comprises the following components: an atmosphere monitoring module, a parameter regulation and control module, a directional control module and a stable operation guarantee module; the atmosphere monitoring module is used for monitoring the atmosphere in the furnace in real time, including oxygen content and carbon monoxide content parameters, and is provided with a high-precision gas detection sensor to ensure accurate measurement of the atmosphere in the furnace; according to the method, the atmosphere change in the blast furnace is monitored in real time, key parameters such as temperature, pressure, air volume and material speed in the smelting process are automatically adjusted according to the monitored data, the oxidation-reduction reaction in the blast furnace is optimized through the accurate control mode, and therefore the content of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus in molten iron is effectively reduced, and meanwhile the production cost is reduced. And the directional control module can spray corresponding reducing agents or adsorbents aiming at specific harmful elements, so that the removal efficiency of the harmful elements is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and in particular to a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional metal smelting process of blast furnace ironmaking, the quality of molten iron directly determines the performance and application areas of subsequent steel products. However, during the blast furnace ironmaking process, various harmful elements in the raw materials, such as sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn) and other heavy metal elements, will inevitably enter the molten iron. These harmful elements will not only reduce the purity and quality of the molten iron, but also affect the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and processing performance of steel products, thereby adversely affecting the market competitiveness of the final product.

[0003] Traditional blast furnace smelting methods mainly control the content of harmful elements by adjusting the charge ratio, coke quality and smelting process parameters. However, these methods have the problems of low control accuracy, complex reaction process and difficulty in precise regulation. In addition, since the inside of the blast furnace is a complex environment of high temperature, high pressure and multi-phase reaction, the migration, enrichment and transformation process of harmful elements in the furnace is difficult to accurately predict and control, resulting in large fluctuations in the content of harmful elements in molten iron and poor stability. In order to cope with these problems, steel companies usually need to add subsequent treatment procedures, such as desulfurization, dephosphorization, etc., to further reduce the content of harmful elements in molten iron. However, these additional treatment procedures not only increase production costs, but may also cause certain pollution to the environment.

[0004] With the growing demand for high-quality molten iron in the modern steel industry and increasingly stringent environmental regulations, traditional blast furnace smelting methods can no longer meet current production needs. Therefore, developing a smelting system and method that can accurately control harmful elements in blast furnace molten iron and realize automation, intelligence and efficiency of the smelting process has become a technical problem that the steel industry needs to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron in a blast furnace. The system can construct a virtual or enhanced experimental environment through VR / AR equipment modules, so that the experimenter can observe and understand the structure and operation process of the experimental instrument in an immersive way. This highly realistic and immersive experience helps to enhance the experimenter's perception and understanding of the experimental process and improve the learning effect.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace, the system comprising the following components: an atmosphere monitoring module, a parameter control module, a directional control module and a stable operation guarantee module;

[0007] The atmosphere monitoring module is used to monitor the atmosphere in the furnace in real time, including oxygen content and carbon monoxide content parameters, and is equipped with a high-precision gas detection sensor to ensure accurate measurement of the atmosphere in the furnace;

[0008] The parameter control module is composed of an intelligent controller and an actuator. The intelligent controller adopts a high-performance microprocessor or industrial control computer, has strong computing power and data processing capabilities, and can receive the furnace atmosphere data transmitted from the atmosphere monitoring module, including oxygen content and carbon monoxide content parameters. The actuator includes a fan speed regulating device and a feeding equipment control system, which can accurately control the temperature, pressure, air volume and material speed parameters. When it is detected that the oxygen content in the furnace is too high, the air volume is automatically reduced and the material speed is adjusted to avoid excessive oxidation. The air volume adjustment formula is: V new =V current ×(1-α×A), the material speed adjustment formula is F new =F current ×(1+β×A), where V n ew is the adjusted air volume, V current is the current air volume, α is the air volume adjustment coefficient, F new is the adjusted material speed, F current is the current material rate, β is the material rate adjustment coefficient, and A is the atmosphere deviation index, where O2 is the measured value of oxygen content. 2ref is the preset ideal oxygen content value, CO represents the measured value of carbon monoxide content, CO ref It is the preset ideal carbon monoxide content value. In the actual production process, the number of bars is continuously adjusted according to the feedback of the system. If it is found that the oxygen content decreases too slowly after reducing the air volume, the value of α is increased. If the improvement effect on the furnace atmosphere is not obvious after adjusting the material speed, the value of β is adjusted. By accurately adjusting the air volume and material speed parameters, a furnace environment that is conducive to reducing harmful elements is created;

[0009] The directional control module sprays corresponding reducing agents or adsorbents for directional control according to the instructions of the intelligent control system for specific harmful elements;

[0010] The stable operation guarantee module includes auxiliary sensors such as temperature sensors and pressure sensors, which are used to monitor other key parameters in the smelting process and transmit data to the intelligent control system. At the same time, the module is also responsible for maintaining the stability of the entire system to ensure the stable operation of the blast furnace and the quality of molten iron.

[0011] Furthermore, the atmosphere monitoring module installs a plurality of sensors at specific positions at different heights and orientations in the blast furnace to fully cover various areas in the furnace, so that it can accurately measure the atmosphere parameters at different positions.

[0012] Furthermore, the directional control module includes a spraying device and a storage container, which sprays corresponding reducing agents and adsorbents for specific harmful elements according to the instructions of the intelligent control system for directional control, so that the required substances can be sprayed in a timely and accurate manner when needed.

[0013] Furthermore, in the directional control module, the reducing agent includes carbon powder and ferrosilicon, and the adsorbent includes lime, dolomite and zeolite.

[0014] Furthermore, the storage container of the directional control module is made of sealed and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure the quality and stability of the reducing agent and the adsorbent. At the same time, a monitoring device is provided to monitor the remaining amount of the material in the storage container in real time.

[0015] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the injection amount Q of the directional control module is: Where Q is the injection volume, H is the current measured value of harmful element content, and H max is the maximum allowable content of harmful elements, H target is the target harmful element content value, γ and δ are adjustment coefficients.

[0016] Furthermore, the stable operation guarantee module includes temperature sensors and pressure sensors, which are used to monitor other key parameters in the smelting process and transmit data to the intelligent control system. It is also responsible for maintaining the stability of the entire system and performing stability assessments on it from time to time to ensure the stable operation of the blast furnace and the quality of molten iron.

[0017] Furthermore, the stability evaluation index of the stable operation guarantee module is: I = ω × (TT ref ) 2 +τ×(PP ref ) 2 +λ×A 2 , where I is the stability index, T is the temperature measurement, and T ref is the preset ideal temperature value, P is the pressure test value, P ref is the preset ideal pressure value, A is the atmosphere deviation index, and ω, τ, and λ are weight coefficients.

[0018] Furthermore, during the calculation of the stability evaluation index of the stable operation guarantee module, a sensitivity analysis is performed on the system to determine the relative importance of temperature, pressure and atmosphere deviations to the system stability. That is, the temperature, pressure and atmosphere deviation indexes are changed respectively, and the changes in the stability index I are observed to determine the relative size relationship between ω, τ and λ. During the production process, the weight coefficient is dynamically adjusted according to the actual operation of the system. If it is found that temperature fluctuations have a greater impact on system stability, the value of ω is increased. If the pressure abnormality has a more serious impact on production, τ is increased.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of blast furnace has the following advantages:

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention monitors the atmosphere changes in the blast furnace in real time and automatically adjusts key parameters in the smelting process, such as temperature, pressure, air volume, material speed, etc., according to the monitoring data. This precise control method optimizes the redox reaction in the blast furnace, thereby effectively reducing the content of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus in the molten iron. At the same time, the directional control module can spray corresponding reducing agents or adsorbents for specific harmful elements, further improving the removal efficiency of harmful elements.

[0022] 2. The present invention reduces human intervention and the errors and uncertainties caused by human operation through comprehensive automation and intelligent control of the smelting process, and improves control accuracy and stability. At the same time, through real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of smelting parameters, the system can quickly respond to changes in the blast furnace to ensure the continuity and stability of the smelting process, which not only improves production efficiency but also reduces production costs, providing strong support for the sustainable development of steel enterprises. In addition, the automated and intelligent smelting process can also help improve the production management level of the enterprise and enhance its market competitiveness.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron in a blast furnace;

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] This embodiment describes in detail the application of a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in blast furnace molten iron in blast furnace ironmaking in a steel plant. By introducing the present invention, it is committed to improving the quality of molten iron and reducing the content of harmful elements to meet the increasingly stringent quality requirements for steel products.

[0030] First, multiple high-precision gas detection sensors are carefully installed at different heights and orientations in the blast furnace. These sensors can carry out real-time and continuous monitoring of key parameters such as oxygen content and carbon monoxide content in the furnace atmosphere. For example, advanced laser gas analyzers are used as sensors, which have the characteristics of high sensitivity, rapid response and accurate measurement. By distributing multiple sensors at different positions in the blast furnace, all areas in the furnace can be fully covered to ensure accurate measurement of atmosphere parameters at different positions. The effect of this measure is that the atmosphere status at different positions in the furnace can be grasped in real time, providing an accurate data basis for subsequent precise control. At the same time, in order to improve the accuracy and stability of the measurement, the sensors are calibrated and maintained regularly. The data detected by the sensors are transmitted to the parameter control module in real time through a high-speed and stable data transmission channel using wired or wireless communication technology.

[0031] Secondly, the parameter control module is composed of an intelligent controller and an actuator. The intelligent controller uses a high-performance industrial control computer with powerful computing and data processing capabilities. After receiving the data transmitted by the atmosphere monitoring module, the intelligent controller analyzes and processes it according to the preset complex algorithm. For example, when it detects that the oxygen content in a certain area of ​​the furnace is high and exceeds the preset ideal oxygen content value O 2ref When the atmosphere deviates from the index Increase, according to the preset algorithm, the air volume needs to be reduced to avoid excessive oxidation, and the air volume adjustment formula is V new =V current ×(1-α×A), where V currentis the current air volume, α is the air volume adjustment coefficient, the fan speed control device in the actuator responds quickly to the command of the intelligent controller, and changes the fan speed by adjusting the fan inverter to reduce the air volume. The effect of this step is to adjust the oxidation-reduction state in the furnace in time to avoid excessive oxidation from having adverse effects on the quality of molten iron. At the same time, the material speed is also adjusted accordingly. The material speed adjustment formula is F new =F current ×(1+β×A), F current is the current material speed, β is the material speed adjustment coefficient. The material speed is adjusted by controlling the motor speed and valve opening of the feeding equipment to balance the reaction in the furnace. The effect of adjusting the material speed is to maintain the stability of the reaction in the furnace and create favorable conditions for the removal of harmful elements.

[0032] In view of the common sulfur element in molten iron, the directional control module uses lime as an adsorbent. The module includes advanced blowing equipment and storage containers. The blowing equipment uses high-pressure gas transmission to evenly and quickly blow the lime in the storage container to a specific position in the blast furnace. The control of sulfur elements is carried out according to the instructions of the intelligent control system. When it is detected that the sulfur content exceeds the target value, the intelligent control system calculates the injection amount according to the injection amount formula. Determine the injection volume, where H is the current sulfur content measurement value, H max is the maximum allowable content of sulfur, H target is the target sulfur content value, γ and δ are adjustment coefficients. The injection equipment injects an appropriate amount of lime from the storage container, and the lime reacts with sulfur to generate stable compounds such as calcium sulfide, thereby reducing the sulfur content in the molten iron and improving the quality of the molten iron. The effect of this process is that it can carry out targeted control of specific harmful elements and improve the removal efficiency of harmful elements. The storage container is made of sealed and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure the quality and stability of the lime. At the same time, a monitoring device is set to monitor the remaining material in the storage container in real time for timely replenishment.

[0033] The stable operation guarantee module is equipped with a variety of high-precision temperature sensors, pressure sensors and other auxiliary sensors to monitor the key parameters such as temperature and pressure in the smelting process. These sensors are distributed in different parts of the blast furnace, such as the furnace wall, furnace top, tuyere, etc., to grasp the operating status of each area of ​​the blast furnace in real time. The monitored data is transmitted to the intelligent control system through a reliable data transmission channel. The intelligent control system analyzes these data in real time. Once an abnormal situation is found, an alarm is immediately issued and corresponding measures are taken. For example, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the furnace rises and approaches the preset ideal temperature value T refWhen the upper limit is reached, the intelligent control system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the cooling system to reduce the temperature in the furnace. The effect of this measure is to ensure that the blast furnace operates within an appropriate temperature range and avoid the impact of excessive temperature on the equipment and molten iron quality. The stability evaluation index I = ω × (TT ref ) 2 +τ×(PP ref ) 2 +λ×A 2 , where T is the temperature measurement, P ref is the preset ideal pressure value, A is the atmosphere deviation index, ω, τ, λ are weight coefficients. When the stability index exceeds a certain threshold, the system will sound an alarm and take corresponding stability measures, such as adjusting the air volume and pressure of the ventilation system, checking the operating status of the equipment, etc. By establishing a complete system stability maintenance mechanism, including regular comprehensive inspection and maintenance of equipment, timely replacement of worn parts, upgrading and optimization of the software system, improving the stability and reliability of the system, and formulating emergency plans to deal with emergencies, we can ensure the stable operation of the blast furnace and the quality of molten iron. The effect of this series of measures is to ensure the stable operation of the entire smelting system, improve production efficiency and the stability of molten iron quality.

[0034] In summary, by introducing the present invention, accurate control of harmful elements in blast furnace molten iron is achieved, meeting the demand of modern steel industry for high-quality molten iron, and providing strong support for steel mills to improve product quality, reduce production costs, and enhance market competitiveness.

[0035] Embodiment 2

[0036] This embodiment describes in detail the application of a smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace in the production of special steel products. By introducing the present invention, the control of harmful elements is made more accurate.

[0037] First, a number of advanced high-precision gas detection sensors are installed at key locations in the blast furnace. These sensors can accurately monitor important parameters such as the oxygen content and carbon monoxide content in the furnace atmosphere. For example, a new type of gas sensor with high sensitivity and fast response characteristics is used to ensure that subtle changes in the furnace atmosphere can be detected in time. By arranging sensors at different heights and orientations, all areas in the blast furnace can be fully covered, thereby accurately measuring the atmosphere state at different locations. The effect of this measure is to provide extremely accurate data support for subsequent precise control. At the same time, in order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measurement, the company arranges professional technicians to regularly calibrate and maintain the sensors. The data detected by the sensors is quickly transmitted to the parameter control module through a high-speed and stable data transmission channel.

[0038] Secondly, the parameter control module is composed of an intelligent controller and an actuator. The intelligent controller uses a high-end industrial control computer with powerful performance and excellent computing and data processing capabilities. After receiving the data transmitted by the atmosphere monitoring module, the intelligent controller will perform in-depth analysis and processing based on the preset complex algorithm. For example, when it detects that the oxygen content in a certain area of ​​the furnace fluctuates and deviates from the preset ideal oxygen content value O 2ref When the atmosphere deviates from the index If the oxygen content increases, the air volume needs to be adjusted in time according to the preset algorithm to prevent excessive oxidation. The air volume adjustment formula is V new =V current ×(1-α×A), where V current is the current air volume, α is the air volume adjustment coefficient, the fan speed control device in the actuator will quickly respond to the command of the intelligent controller, and change the fan speed by accurately adjusting the fan inverter to reduce the air volume. At the same time, the material speed will also be adjusted accordingly. The material speed adjustment formula is F new =F current ×(1+β×A), F current is the current material speed, β is the material speed adjustment coefficient. The material speed is adjusted by controlling the motor speed and valve opening of the feeding equipment to maintain the stability of the reaction in the furnace. The effect of this series of operations is that the parameters can be adjusted in time according to the changes in the atmosphere in the furnace to avoid adverse effects on the quality of molten iron due to excessive oxidation or unstable reaction, and create good conditions for the subsequent control of harmful elements.

[0039] For harmful elements such as lead and zinc that need to be strictly controlled in the production of special steel, the directional control module uses dolomite as an adsorbent. The module includes advanced spraying equipment and storage containers. The spraying equipment adopts an efficient mechanical conveying method to spray the dolomite in the storage container evenly and quickly to a specific position in the blast furnace. The control of lead and zinc elements is carried out according to the instructions of the intelligent control system. When it is detected that the aluminum or zinc content exceeds the target value, the intelligent control system will calculate the spraying amount according to the formula Determine the injection volume, where H is the current lead or zinc content measurement value, H max is its maximum allowable content, H targetis the target content value, γ and δ are adjustment coefficients. The injection equipment injects an appropriate amount of dolomite from the storage container, and forms stable compounds with lead and zinc elements through dolomite, thereby effectively reducing the aluminum and zinc content in the molten iron and improving the quality of the molten iron. The storage container is made of sealed, corrosion-resistant high-quality materials to ensure the quality and stability of the dolomite. At the same time, a precise monitoring device is set up to monitor the remaining material in the storage container in real time for timely replenishment. The effect of this process is that it can accurately control the specific harmful elements in a targeted manner, greatly improving the removal efficiency of harmful elements and meeting the high requirements of special steel production for molten iron quality.

[0040] The stable operation guarantee module is equipped with a variety of high-precision temperature sensors, pressure sensors and other auxiliary sensors to monitor the key parameters such as temperature and pressure in the smelting process. These sensors are distributed in various key parts of the blast furnace, such as the furnace wall, furnace top, tuyere, etc., and can grasp the operating status of each area of ​​the blast furnace in real time. The monitored data is quickly transmitted to the intelligent control system through a reliable data transmission channel. The intelligent control system analyzes these data in real time. Once an abnormal situation is found, an alarm is immediately issued and corresponding measures are taken. For example, when the temperature sensor detects an abnormal change in the temperature in the furnace, close to the preset ideal temperature value T ref When the upper and lower limits are reached, the intelligent control system will automatically adjust the operating parameters of the cooling system to stabilize the temperature in the furnace. The stability evaluation index I = ω × (TT ref ) 2 +τ×(PP ref ) 2 +λ×A 2 , where T is the temperature measurement, P is the pressure measurement, and P ref is the preset ideal pressure value, A is the atmosphere deviation index, ω, τ, λ are weight coefficients. When the stability index exceeds a certain threshold, the system will sound an alarm and take corresponding stability measures, such as adjusting the air volume and pressure of the ventilation system, checking the operating status of the equipment, etc. By establishing a complete system stability maintenance mechanism, including regular comprehensive inspection and maintenance of equipment, timely replacement of worn parts, upgrading and optimization of the software system, improving the stability and reliability of the system, and formulating emergency plans to deal with emergencies, ensuring the stable operation of the blast furnace and the quality of molten iron, the effect of this series of measures is to ensure the stable operation of the entire smelting system and provide high-quality and stable molten iron for the production of special steels.

[0041] In summary, by introducing the present invention, accurate control of harmful elements in blast furnace molten iron is achieved, the strict demand for high-quality molten iron in special steel production is met, and a strong guarantee is provided for enterprises to improve product quality and enhance market competitiveness.

[0042] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron in a blast furnace, characterized in that: The system includes the following components: atmosphere monitoring module, parameter control module, directional control module and stable operation guarantee module; The atmosphere monitoring module is used to monitor the atmosphere in the furnace in real time, including oxygen content and carbon monoxide content parameters, and is equipped with a high-precision gas detection sensor to ensure accurate measurement of the atmosphere in the furnace; The parameter control module is composed of an intelligent controller and an actuator. The intelligent controller adopts a high-performance microprocessor or industrial control computer, has strong computing power and data processing capabilities, and can receive the furnace atmosphere data transmitted from the atmosphere monitoring module, including oxygen content and carbon monoxide content parameters. The actuator includes a fan speed regulating device and a feeding equipment control system, which can accurately control the temperature, pressure, air volume and material speed parameters. When it is detected that the oxygen content in the furnace is too high, the air volume is automatically reduced and the material speed is adjusted to avoid excessive oxidation. The air volume adjustment formula is: V new =V current ×(1-α×A), the material speed adjustment formula is F new =F current ×(1+β×A), where V n ew is the adjusted air volume, V current is the current air volume, α is the air volume adjustment coefficient, F new is the adjusted material speed, F current is the current material rate, β is the material rate adjustment coefficient, and A is the atmosphere deviation index, where O2 is the measured value of oxygen content. 2ref is the preset ideal oxygen content value, CO represents the measured value of carbon monoxide content, CO ref It is the preset ideal carbon monoxide content value. In the actual production process, the number of bars is continuously adjusted according to the feedback of the system. If it is found that the oxygen content decreases too slowly after reducing the air volume, the value of α is increased. If the improvement effect on the furnace atmosphere is not obvious after adjusting the material speed, the value of β is adjusted. By accurately adjusting the air volume and material speed parameters, a furnace environment that is conducive to reducing harmful elements is created; The directional control module sprays corresponding reducing agents or adsorbents for directional control according to the instructions of the intelligent control system for specific harmful elements; The stable operation guarantee module includes auxiliary sensors such as temperature sensors and pressure sensors, which are used to monitor other key parameters in the smelting process and transmit data to the intelligent control system. At the same time, the module is also responsible for maintaining the stability of the entire system to ensure the stable operation of the blast furnace and the quality of molten iron.

2. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atmosphere monitoring module installs multiple sensors at specific locations at different heights and orientations in the blast furnace to fully cover all areas in the furnace, so that it can accurately measure the atmosphere parameters at different locations.

3. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional control module includes a spraying device and a storage container. For specific harmful elements, the corresponding reducing agent and adsorbent are sprayed according to the instructions of the intelligent control system for directional control, so that the required substances can be sprayed timely and accurately when needed.

4. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the directional control module, the reducing agent includes carbon powder and ferrosilicon, and the adsorbent includes lime, dolomite and zeolite.

5. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage container of the directional control module is made of sealed and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure the quality and stability of the reducing agent and the adsorbent. At the same time, a monitoring device is provided to monitor the remaining amount of the material in the storage container in real time.

6. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the injection volume Q of the directional control module is: Where Q is the injection volume, H is the current measured value of harmful element content, and H max is the maximum allowable content of harmful elements, H target is the target harmful element content value, γ and δ are adjustment coefficients.

7. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable operation guarantee module includes temperature sensors and pressure sensors, which are used to monitor other key parameters in the smelting process and transmit data to the intelligent control system. It is also responsible for maintaining the stability of the entire system and performing stability assessments on it from time to time to ensure the stable operation of the blast furnace and the quality of molten iron.

8. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stability evaluation index of the stable operation guarantee module is: I = ω × (TT ref ) 2 +τ×(PP ref ) 2 +λ×A 2 , where I is the stability index, T is the temperature measurement, and T ref is the preset ideal temperature value, P is the pressure test value, P ref is the preset ideal pressure value, A is the atmosphere deviation index, and ω, τ, and λ are weight coefficients.

9. A smelting system for accurately controlling harmful elements in molten iron of a blast furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the calculation of the stability evaluation index of the stable operation guarantee module, the relative importance of temperature, pressure and atmosphere deviation to the system stability is determined by performing a sensitivity analysis on the system, that is, the temperature, pressure and atmosphere deviation indexes are changed respectively, and the change of the stability index I is observed, so as to determine the relative size relationship of ω, τ and λ. During the production process, the weight coefficient is dynamically adjusted according to the actual operation of the system. If it is found that temperature fluctuations have a greater impact on system stability, the value of ω is increased. If the pressure abnormality has a more serious impact on production, τ is increased.

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