Active clearance control structure and axial flow compressor

Abstract

The invention discloses an active clearance control structure and an axial flow compressor, and belongs to the field of turbomachinery. The cylinder body is wrapped outside the movable blade; the carrier is radially and movably connected with the cylinder body; a gap is formed between one end of the carrier and the movable blade; one end of the handle is in threaded connection with the other end of the carrier; the elastic component is propped between one end of the carrier and the cylinder body, so that one end of the handle is propped against the cylinder body; a driving shaft of the driver is universally connected with the other end of the handle; the gap sensor penetrates through the carrier and the handle, and the detection end of the gap sensor corresponds to the gap; and the controller is electrically connected with the driver and the gap sensor. The axial flow compressor has the technical effects that the movable blades of the axial flow compressor can be effectively prevented from being collided and abraded with the cylinder body, the quick start-stop requirement can be met, and meanwhile, the efficiency loss of the axial flow compressor is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a turbine machine, and in particular to an active clearance control structure and an axial flow compressor. Background Art

[0002] An axial flow compressor is a compressor in which gas flows in the axial direction. Its working principle is to convert the kinetic energy of the gas into pressure energy by using the blades to do work on the gas.

[0003] When the exhaust temperature of the relevant axial compressor is high, the blade tip clearance of the moving blades of the axial compressor is greatly affected by the temperature, especially during the startup and shutdown of the axial compressor. Due to the different thermal inertia of rotating parts such as the rotor and moving blades and stationary parts such as the cylinder body and the uneven temperature field distribution, the moving blades of the axial compressor are easily rubbed against the cylinder body, thereby damaging the moving blades.

[0004] The friction between the two can be prevented by controlling the heating or cooling speed of the axial compressor, but it cannot meet the requirements of fast start and stop and frequent start and stop in modern engineering scenarios; the friction between the two can also be prevented by increasing the blade tip clearance of the axial compressor, but it will cause loss of efficiency of the axial compressor. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active clearance control structure, which can not only effectively prevent the moving blades of the axial flow compressor from rubbing against the cylinder body, but also meet the needs of rapid start and stop, while preventing the loss of efficiency of the axial flow compressor; another purpose of the present invention is to provide an axial flow compressor.

[0006] Technical solution:

[0007] An active gap control structure, comprising:

[0008] moving leaves;

[0009] A cylinder body wrapped around the moving blades;

[0010] A carrier connected to the cylinder body for radial movement, wherein a gap is provided between one end of the carrier and the moving blade;

[0011] A handle, one end of which is threadedly connected to the other end of the carrier;

[0012] An elastic component, the elastic component abuts between one end of the carrier and the cylinder body, so that one end of the handle abuts against the cylinder body;

[0013] A driver, wherein a driving shaft of the driver is universally connected to the other end of the handle;

[0014] A gap sensor running through the carrier and the handle, wherein a detection end of the gap sensor is arranged corresponding to the gap;

[0015] A controller is electrically connected to both the driver and the gap sensor.

[0016] Optionally, the elastic component further includes a plurality of elastic members, one end of each of the plurality of elastic members abuts against one end of the carrier, and the other ends of each of the plurality of elastic members abuts against the cylinder body.

[0017] Optionally, it further includes a plurality of first limiting grooves each provided at one end of the carrier, and one end of the plurality of elastic members is correspondingly located in the plurality of first limiting grooves.

[0018] Optionally, it further includes an abradable coating connected to one end of the carrier, the gap is formed between the abradable coating and the moving blade, and the gap sensor passes through the abradable coating.

[0019] Optionally, it further includes a receiving groove arranged at one end of the carrier, and the abradable coating is located in the receiving groove.

[0020] Optionally, along the axial direction of the cylinder body, the cross-sectional shapes of the receiving groove and the abradable coating are both dovetail-shaped.

[0021] Optionally, it further comprises a sealing ring sleeved on the outside of the carrier, wherein a side of the sealing ring away from the carrier contacts the cylinder body.

[0022] Optionally, it further includes a second limiting groove arranged outside the carrier, and at least a portion of the sealing ring is located in the second limiting groove.

[0023] Optionally, also include:

[0024] A shroud, wherein two sides of the shroud are respectively connected with a transmission tooth and a ball;

[0025] A ball groove is provided at the other end of the handle, and the ball groove and the ball are universally matched;

[0026] A gear connected to the driving shaft of the driver, the gear meshing with the transmission teeth.

[0027] An axial flow compressor includes an active clearance control structure.

[0028] Beneficial effect: During operation, when the gap sensor detects that the gap between one end of the carrier and the moving blade is too small, the gap sensor transmits a detection signal to the controller, and the controller controls the drive shaft of the driver to drive the other end of the handle to rotate along the circumference of the cylinder body, so that one end of the handle rotates a certain angle along the thread of the other end of the carrier, so that the carrier moves radially along the cylinder body away from the moving blade, and then the gap between one end of the carrier and the moving blade is appropriately increased in a short period of time to complete the active control of the gap, prevent the moving blade of the relevant axial flow compressor from rubbing against the cylinder body, and there is no need to control the heating or cooling speed of the axial flow compressor, so as to meet the needs of rapid start and stop. At the same time, there is no need to increase the gap at the top of the moving blade of the axial flow compressor for a long time to prevent the moving blade from rubbing against the cylinder body, thereby preventing the loss of efficiency of the axial flow compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an active gap control structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle A direction;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the carrier of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1. rotor; 2. moving blade; 3. cylinder body; 4. carrier; 41. first limit groove; 42. second limit groove; 43. receiving groove; 5. handle; 51. ball groove; 6. elastic component; 61. elastic member; 7. gap sensor; 71. detection end; 8. abradable coating; 9. belt; 91. sphere; 10. sealing ring; 20. gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 The present embodiment provides an active gap control structure, including: a moving blade 2; a cylinder body 3 wrapped around the moving blade 2; a carrier 4 connected to the cylinder body 3 for radial movement, a gap 20 being provided between one end of the carrier 4 and the moving blade 2; a handle 5, one end of the handle 5 being threadedly connected to the other end of the carrier 4; an elastic component 6, the elastic component 6 being in contact between one end of the carrier 4 and the cylinder body 3, so that one end of the handle 5 is in contact with the cylinder body 3; a driver, a driving shaft of the driver being universally connected to the other end of the handle 5; a gap sensor 7 penetrating the carrier 4 and the handle 5, a detection end 71 of the gap sensor 7 being arranged corresponding to the gap 20; and a controller electrically connected to both the driver and the gap sensor 7.

[0036] Specifically, during operation, when the gap sensor 7 detects that the gap 20 between one end of the carrier 4 and the moving blade 2 is too small, the gap sensor 7 transmits a detection signal to the controller, and the controller controls the driving shaft of the driver to drive the other end of the handle 5 to rotate along the circumference of the cylinder body 3, so that one end of the handle 5 rotates a certain angle along the thread of the other end of the carrier 4, so that the carrier 4 moves radially along the cylinder body 3 away from the moving blade 2, and then the gap 20 between one end of the carrier 4 and the moving blade 2 is appropriately increased in a short period of time to complete the active control of the gap 20, prevent the moving blade 2 of the relevant axial flow compressor from rubbing against the cylinder body 3, and there is no need to control the heating or cooling speed of the axial flow compressor, so as to meet the rapid start and stop requirements. At the same time, there is no need to increase the gap 20 at the top of the moving blade 2 of the axial flow compressor for a long time to prevent the moving blade 2 from rubbing against the cylinder body 3, thereby preventing the loss of efficiency of the axial flow compressor.

[0037] The moving blade 2 is used to be connected to the rotor 1, so that the rotor 1 can drive the moving blade 2 to rotate. The moving blade 2 is convenient for doing work on the gas to form high-pressure gas. There are multiple moving blades 2, and the multiple moving blades 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor 1; the cylinder body 3 is used to wrap the moving blade 2 to store high-pressure gas; the other end of the carrier 4 is threadedly connected to one end of the handle 5, similar to the screw nut structure. When the nut rotates, the screw moves linearly. Obviously, Figure 3 In order to prevent the carrier 4 from rotating itself, the cross-sectional shape of one end of the carrier 4 is a non-rotating shape such as a rectangle or a trapezoid, and should not be a circle; the elastic component 6 is convenient for making one end of the handle 5 contact with the cylinder body 3, so that one end of the handle 5 can only rotate along the thread of the other end of the carrier 4 to prevent the handle 5 from moving radially along the cylinder body 3, and the elastic component 6 is convenient for playing a certain damping role, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy of the gap 20, and in the event of an accident, the carrier 4 can be forced to move radially along the cylinder body 3 away from the moving blade 2, which is convenient for protecting the moving blade 2. The material of the elastic component 6 can be spring steel, rubber, etc., preferably spring steel; the driving shaft of the driver is used to drive the other end of the handle 5 to rotate circumferentially along the cylinder body 3, so that one end of the handle 5 rotates along the thread of the other end of the carrier 4. Due to the universal connection, it is convenient to prevent the driving shaft of the driver and the other end of the handle 5 from getting stuck. The driver can be a servo motor, a stepping motor, etc.; the gap sensor 7 is used to detect the size of the gap 20, and the gap sensor 7 can be a photoelectric displacement sensor, an ultrasonic displacement sensor, etc.; the controller is convenient for realizing the linkage between the gap sensor 7 and the driver.

[0038] Further, such as Figure 1The elastic assembly 6 further includes a plurality of elastic members 61, one end of each of the elastic members 61 is in contact with one end of the carrier 4, and the other end of each of the elastic members 61 is in contact with the cylinder 3. Specifically, the plurality of elastic members 61 facilitates the one end of the carrier 4 to achieve multi-point elastic contact with the cylinder 3, and the uniformity of the elastic force is good. The specific number of the plurality of elastic members 61 is not limited, and can be two, three, etc., preferably two, and the two elastic members 61 are respectively located on both sides of the carrier 4, and the symmetry is good. The material of the elastic member 61 can be spring steel, rubber, etc., preferably spring steel.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 1 , and also includes a plurality of first limiting grooves 41 each provided at one end of the carrier 4, and one end of the plurality of elastic members 61 is correspondingly located in the plurality of first limiting grooves 41. Specifically, the first limiting grooves 41 are used to limit the elastic members 61, preventing the elastic members 61 from moving in the radial direction thereof, so that the elastic members 61 can only be extended and retracted in the axial direction thereof, and the number of the first limiting grooves 41 is not limited, and it is only necessary to ensure that the number of the first limiting grooves 41 is equal to the number of the elastic members 61.

[0040] Further, such as Figure 1 , and also includes an abradable coating 8 connected to one end of the carrier 4, a gap 20 is formed between the abradable coating 8 and the moving blade 2, and the gap sensor 7 penetrates the abradable coating 8. Specifically, the abradable coating 8 is used to be arranged corresponding to the moving blade 2, even if the abradable coating 8 and the moving blade 2 collide and rub in an unexpected situation, the moving blade 2 can be less damaged, wherein the abradable coating 8 is preferably connected to one end of the carrier 4 by spraying, and the abradable coating 8 can be a nickel-coated graphite sealing coating, a copper-coated graphite sealing coating, or a copper-aluminum-nickel-graphite sealing coating, etc.

[0041] Further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 , further comprising a receiving groove 43 provided at one end of the carrier 4, wherein the abradable coating 8 is located in the receiving groove 43. Specifically, the receiving groove 43 is used to receive the abradable coating 8 to prevent the abradable coating 8 from excessively protruding along the inner wall of the cylinder body 3.

[0042] Further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 Along the axial direction of the cylinder body 3, the cross-sectional shapes of the receiving groove 43 and the wearable coating 8 are both dovetail-shaped. Specifically, the dovetail shape is convenient for preventing the wearable coating 8 from being separated in the radial direction of the cylinder body 3.

[0043] Further, such as Figure 1 , and further includes a sealing ring 10 sleeved on the outside of the carrier 4, and the side of the sealing ring 10 away from the carrier 4 contacts the cylinder body 3. Specifically, the sealing ring 10 is used to increase the sealing performance between the carrier 4 and the cylinder body 3 to prevent the high-pressure gas in the cylinder body 3 from leaking. The material of the sealing ring 10 can be silicone rubber, fluororubber, etc.

[0044] Further, such as Figure 1 , further comprising a second limiting groove 42 disposed outside the carrier 4, wherein at least part of the sealing ring 10 is located in the second limiting groove 42. Specifically, the second limiting groove 42 is used to accommodate part of the sealing ring 10 to prevent the sealing ring 10 from moving along the axial direction of the carrier 4.

[0045] Further, such as Figure 1 , and also includes: a belt 9, with transmission teeth and a ball 91 connected to both sides of the belt 9; a ball groove 51 provided at the other end of the handle 5, the ball groove 51 and the ball 91 being universally matched; a gear connected to the drive shaft of the driver, the gear and the transmission teeth being meshed. Specifically, during operation, the drive shaft of the driver drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the belt 9 to rotate along the circumference of the cylinder body 3 through the transmission teeth, and the belt 9 drives the other end of the handle 5 to rotate along the circumference of the cylinder body 3 through the ball 91 and the ball groove 51. It should be noted that the number of the carrier 4, gap sensor 7, handle 5 and other components of the active gap control structure of the present application is multiple, and the belt 9 drives multiple carriers 4, gap sensors 7, handle 5 and other components to move synchronously, thereby realizing active control of the gap 20.

[0046] This embodiment also provides an axial flow compressor, including an active clearance control structure of this embodiment.

[0047] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An active gap control structure, characterized in that: include: Moving blades (2); A cylinder body (3) wrapped around the moving blade (2); A carrier (4) connected to the cylinder body (3) for radial movement, a gap (20) being provided between one end of the carrier (4) and the moving blade (2); A handle (5), one end of the handle (5) being threadedly connected to the other end of the carrier (4); An elastic component (6), the elastic component (6) abuts between one end of the carrier (4) and the cylinder (3), so that one end of the handle (5) abuts against the cylinder (3); A driver, wherein a driving shaft of the driver is universally connected to the other end of the handle (5); a gap sensor (7) penetrating the carrier (4) and the handle (5), wherein a detection end (71) of the gap sensor (7) and the gap (20) are arranged correspondingly; A controller is electrically connected to both the driver and the gap sensor (7).

2. The active gap control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (6) further comprises a plurality of elastic members (61), one end of each of the plurality of elastic members (61) abuts against one end of the carrier (4), and the other end of each of the plurality of elastic members (61) abuts against the cylinder body (3).

3. The active gap control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a plurality of first limiting grooves (41) each provided at one end of the carrier (4), and one end of the plurality of elastic members (61) is correspondingly located in the plurality of first limiting grooves (41).

4. An active gap control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes an abradable coating (8) connected to one end of the carrier (4), the gap (20) is formed between the abradable coating (8) and the moving blade (2), and the gap sensor (7) passes through the abradable coating (8).

5. The active gap control structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a receiving groove (43) arranged at one end of the carrier (4), and the abradable coating (8) is located in the receiving groove (43).

6. The active gap control structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the cylinder body (3), the cross-sectional shapes of the receiving groove (43) and the abradable coating (8) are both dovetail shapes.

7. An active gap control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a sealing ring (10) sleeved on the outside of the carrier (4), wherein the side of the sealing ring (10) away from the carrier (4) contacts the cylinder body (3).

8. The active gap control structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a second limiting groove (42) arranged outside the carrier (4), and at least a part of the sealing ring (10) is located in the second limiting groove (42).

9. An active gap control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A shroud (9), wherein two sides of the shroud (9) are respectively connected with a transmission tooth and a ball (91); A ball groove (51) is provided at the other end of the handle (5), wherein the ball groove (51) and the ball (91) are universally matched; A gear connected to the driving shaft of the driver, the gear meshing with the transmission teeth.

10. An axial flow compressor, characterized in that: It comprises an active gap control structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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