Slidable vertical loading device for shearing box of vibrating table of centrifugal machine and use method of slidable vertical loading device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pressure tests for testing strength characteristics of solid materials by using mechanical stress, in particular to a slidable vertical loading device for a shear box of a centrifuge vibration table and a use method of the slidable vertical loading device. The invention relates to a slidable vertical loading device for a shearing box of a vibrating table of a centrifugal machine, which comprises a loading box (1). The device further comprises a base (2), a main loading device (3), a loading panel (4) and a control device (5). The main loading device (3) comprises a support (31), a loading motor (32), a telescopic rod (33), a transmission mechanism (34), a connecting plate (36) and a loading rod (37). The loading panel (4) comprises an upper panel (41), a lower panel (42) and a rolling body (43). The application method of the slidable vertical loading device for the shearing box of the vibrating table of the centrifugal machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, mounting; and S2, loading an experiment. The device is convenient to build and high in adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of pressure tests for testing the strength characteristics of solid materials using mechanical stress, and in particular to a slidable vertical loading device for a shear box of a centrifuge vibration table and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The development and utilization of deep underground space is the only way for the future development of megacities. The design of deep underground structures faces technical challenges such as complex and changeable environment, high safety requirements for full life service, and difficulties in post-disaster repair. By conducting centrifuge shaking table model tests on complex foundation-structures, the mechanical response of deep underground structures under earthquakes can be explored, the stress and deformation state of the actual prototype structure can be restored, and the damage location distribution and development law of underground structures in high-in-situ stress soil layers under earthquakes of different intensities can be revealed. However, due to the limitations of the maximum acceleration of conventional centrifuge equipment, the ultimate load of the shaking table, and the size of the model box, it is currently difficult for geotechnical centrifuge shaking table tests to simultaneously meet the technical indicators of high-in-situ stress and the above-mentioned test limits.

[0003] The geotechnical centrifuge shaking table test aims to restore the stress and deformation state of the actual prototype structure by increasing the centrifugal field acceleration after scaling down the structural model, and explore its physical laws. However, due to the technical parameters such as the centrifugal field acceleration limit, the shaking table limit load, and the model box size, it is impossible to restore the high ground stress conditions of the deeply buried structure. Other devices are needed to make the stress state of the structure and soil as close as possible to the actual deep buried conditions.

[0004] Limited by factors such as the maximum centrifugal acceleration of the centrifuge, the scale ratio, and the size of the model box, without the help of other equipment, the maximum burial depth of underground structures that can be simulated by conventional centrifuge vibration tables is a fixed value; at the same time, since the load of the vibration table has a limit value, if the weight of the model box and its contents on the table exceeds the load limit, the vibration table will not be able to operate normally, so the load of the vibration table has a limit value. The above two main reasons lead to the extremely limited burial depth of underground structures that can be simulated by the current centrifuge vibration table device. Therefore, in the case where the technical parameters of the centrifuge and the vibration table itself and the size of the shear box cannot be changed, the vertical force of the overburden layer can be simulated by applying a load on the soil surface, so that the overburden pressure on the structure can reach the required burial depth level, meeting the needs of deep underground structure model testing.

[0005] At present, the most similar implementation scheme is the flexible airbag loading system, which can be used in 1g vibration table tests. The airbag is designed as two layers, the inner bladder is TPU non-grid composite flexible material, and the outer sheath is TPU flexible material with grid. The inner bladder and the outer sheath are welded as a whole to ensure the airtightness and strength of the airbag. The rigid top plate is pressed above the airbag to achieve servo simulation of higher ground stress in the tunnel. However, the requirements for the airbag are very high under the high-speed rotating centrifugal field, and the airbag is easy to limit the displacement of the soil and shear box, affecting the test results. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a pressure testing device which is easy to build, highly adaptable and has reliable test results, the present invention discloses a slidable vertical loading device for a shear box of a centrifuge vibration table and a method of using the same.

[0007] The present invention achieves the purpose of the invention through the following technical solutions: A slidable vertical loading device for a centrifuge vibrating table shear box comprises a loading box, wherein the loading box comprises a box body and a box column, wherein soil is placed in the box body, and four box columns are respectively and vertically fixed on four corners of the box body, wherein the device also comprises a base, a main loading device, a loading panel and a control device. The base is sleeved and fixed on the box column; The main loading device includes a support, a loading motor, a telescopic rod, a transmission mechanism, a loading base plate, a connecting plate and a loading rod. The support is fixed on the base, the loading motor is fixed on the support through the housing, two telescopic rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the loading motor, the output shaft of the loading motor is respectively connected to the two telescopic rods through a transmission mechanism, and the bottom ends of the telescopic rods pass through the support and the base in sequence; The loading bottom plate is slidably sleeved on the lower part of the two telescopic rods, and the connecting plate is fixed on the bottom ends of the two telescopic rods; The top end of the loading rod is fixed to the middle of the bottom surface of the connecting plate; The loading panel includes an upper panel, a lower panel and a rolling body. The upper panel is a groove body. The groove of the upper panel faces downward and the bottom plate of the upper panel is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod. The lower panel is rotatably provided with a rolling body. The lower panel is arranged in the groove of the upper panel. The lower panel fits the soil, and the upper panel fits the rolling surface of the rolling body. The control device comprises a pressure sensor and a controller. The pressure sensor is arranged on the loading rod. The pressure probe of the pressure sensor is connected to the upper panel. The pressure sensor is connected to the controller through a cable.

[0008] The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized in that: an external thread is provided on the outer side of the box column, and after the base is sleeved on the box column through the positioning hole, a nut is screwed into each box column to fix the base on the box column.

[0009] The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized in that the base includes two bottom bars, ear plates are provided at both ends of the bottom bars, positioning holes are provided on the ear plates, and a slide groove is provided in the middle of the bottom bars. Each bottom bar is respectively sleeved on a box column through the positioning holes at both ends, so that the base is sleeved on the box column, and the two sides of the support are respectively fixed to the slide groove of a bottom bar through bolt-nut assemblies.

[0010] The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized in that the loading motor is a stepping motor.

[0011] The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized by: The bottom plate of the upper panel is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod through eight connecting rods, of which the bottom ends of four connecting rods are respectively fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate of the upper panel, and the other four connecting rods are respectively fixed to the midpoints of the four side edges of the bottom surface of the upper panel; The rolling elements are needle rollers or balls.

[0012] The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized in that the controller is a single chip microcomputer, a programmable controller or a microcomputer.

[0013] The method for using the slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized by being implemented in sequence according to the following steps: S1. Installation: S1.1 Place the loading panel: Connect the pressure probe of the pressure sensor to the upper panel, place the soil in the box, set the lower panel on the soil, cover the lower panel with the notch of the upper panel and fit the rolling element on the lower panel, and fix the bottom plate of the upper panel to the bottom end of the loading rod; S1.2 Assemble the main loading device: The loading motor is fixed on the support through the housing, a telescopic rod is respectively arranged on both sides of the loading motor, and the output shaft of the loading motor is respectively connected to the two telescopic rods through a transmission mechanism; The loading bottom plate is slidably mounted on the lower part of the two telescopic rods, and the connecting plate is fixed to the bottom ends of the two telescopic rods; Fix the top end of the loading rod to the middle of the bottom surface of the connecting plate; Thus, the main loading device is assembled and connected to the pressure sensor. Note that the loading plate part in the pressure sensor cannot contact the main loading device part, otherwise the applied load value cannot be measured; S1.3 Install the base: adjust the telescopic length of the telescopic rod so that the space above the soil in the box can accommodate the loading bottom plate, connecting plate, loading rod and loading panel, and then put and fix the base on the box column; S1.4 Fix the main loading device: fix the support on the base, so that the bottom end of the telescopic rod, the loading bottom plate, the connecting plate, the loading rod and the loading panel are sequentially passed through the support and the base and then arranged in the space above the soil in the box; S1.5 Circuit connection and remote control: Connect the loading motor to the power supply through a wire, and connect the pressure sensor to the controller through a cable. The controller is located in the main control room.

[0014] S2. Loading experiment: S2.1 Setting parameters: Turn on the controller and set the acquisition parameters, including the loading rate, loading direction and pressure setting value. After tare balancing, start the pressure sensor to prepare for data acquisition; S2.2 Vertical pressurization: a loading instruction is sent to the loading motor through the controller, and the output shaft of the loading motor drives the loading panel to press against the soil according to the collected parameters through the transmission mechanism, telescopic rod, loading bottom plate, connecting plate and loading rod, so as to apply vertical pressure to the soil. The pressure value collected by the pressure sensor is observed by the controller. When the pressure value reaches the pressure setting value, the controller sends a stop instruction to the loading motor to complete the vertical pressurization; S2.3 Vibration test: The vibration test is carried out after the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor displayed by the controller is stable.

[0015] The method for using the slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table is characterized by: In step S1.1, The bottom plate of the upper panel is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod through eight connecting rods, of which the bottom ends of four connecting rods are respectively fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate of the upper panel, and the other four connecting rods are respectively fixed to the midpoints of the four side edges of the bottom surface of the upper panel; The rolling element can be needle roller or ball roller; In step S1.2, the loading motor is a stepper motor; In step S1.3, An external thread is provided on the outer side surface of the box column; The base includes two bottom bars, both ends of the bottom bars are provided with ear plates, the ear plates are provided with positioning holes, and the middle of the bottom bars is provided with a slide groove. Each bottom bar is respectively sleeved on a box column through the positioning holes at both ends, and each box column is respectively screwed into a nut, so as to fix the base on the box column; In step S1.4, both sides of the support are fixed to a slide groove of a bottom rod by bolt-nut assemblies.

[0016] In step S1.5, the controller is a single chip microcomputer, a programmable controller or a microcomputer.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Conventional centrifuge vibration table test devices are difficult to simulate soil-deep buried underground structure systems, and it is relatively expensive to modify the technical parameters and shear box size of the centrifuge and vibration table. The present invention can simulate the dynamic test conditions of deep buried underground structures under limited test conditions, greatly saving the test cost.

[0018] 2. The basic components of the present invention include conventional structures such as a loading motor, a steel frame, and a loading plate, forming a remotely controllable centrifuge vibration table movable vertical loading device, realizing the dynamic test condition of a deep buried underground structure, and being simple to operate and economical.

[0019] 3. The traditional loading method will constrain the soil, but the loading plate in the present invention is a movable loading plate. The upper and lower loading plates can slide against each other through needle bearings. The upper loading plate and the model box always remain relatively still. While achieving loading, the horizontal displacement of the model soil and the shear box is not restricted, ensuring the validity of the test results. The device is suitable for shaking table tests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main viewing direction of the present invention, Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the main loading device in the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main loading device in the present invention, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the bottom bar in the present invention when viewed from above. Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the upper panel fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below by means of specific examples.

[0022] Example 1 A slidable vertical loading device for a centrifuge vibration table shear box includes a loading box 1, a base 2, a main loading device 3, a loading panel 4 and a control device 5. As shown in the figure, the specific structure is: The loading box 1 includes a box body 11 and box columns 12. Soil 13 is placed in the box body 11. Four box columns 12 are vertically fixed on the four corners of the box body 11 respectively. The base 2 is sleeved and fixed on the box column 12; The main loading device 3 is as follows Figure 2 As shown: the main loading device 3 includes a support 31, a loading motor 32, a telescopic rod 33, a transmission mechanism 34, a loading base plate 35, a connecting plate 36 and a loading rod 37, The support 31 is fixed on the base 2, the loading motor 32 is fixed on the support 31 through the housing, and two telescopic rods 33 are respectively arranged on both sides of the loading motor 32. The output shaft of the loading motor 32 is connected to the two telescopic rods 33 through a transmission mechanism 34. The transmission mechanism 34 is used to convert the rotation of the output shaft of the loading motor 32 into the translation of the telescopic rod 33. A worm gear-worm mechanism can be selected. The bottom end of the telescopic rod 33 passes through the support 31 and the base 2 in sequence. The loading base plate 35 is slidably mounted on the lower part of the two telescopic rods 33, and the connecting plate 36 is fixed to the bottom end of the two telescopic rods 33; The top end of the loading rod 37 is fixed to the middle of the bottom surface of the connecting plate 36; The loading panel 4 includes an upper panel 41, a lower panel 42 and a rolling body 43. The upper panel 41 is a groove body. The groove of the upper panel 41 is downward and the bottom plate of the upper panel 41 is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod 37. The lower panel 42 is rotatably provided with the rolling body 43. The lower panel 42 is arranged in the groove of the upper panel 41. The lower panel 42 is in contact with the soil 13, and the upper panel 41 is in contact with the rolling surface of the rolling body 43. Control device 5 such as Figure 3 As shown: the control device 5 includes a pressure sensor 51 and a controller 52. The pressure sensor 51 is arranged on the loading rod 37. The pressure probe of the pressure sensor 51 is connected to the upper panel 41. The pressure sensor 51 is connected to the controller 52 through a cable.

[0023] In this embodiment, an external thread is provided on the outer side of the box column 12 . After the base 2 is sleeved on the box column 12 through the positioning hole, a nut 14 is screwed into each box column 12 to fix the base 2 on the box column 12 .

[0024] In this embodiment, the base 2 is as follows Figure 4 As shown: the base 2 includes two bottom rods 21, ear plates 211 are provided at both ends of the bottom rods 21, positioning holes 212 are provided on the ear plates 211, and a slide groove 213 is provided in the middle of the bottom rod 21. Each bottom rod 21 is respectively sleeved on a box column 12 through the positioning holes 212 at both ends, so that the base 2 is sleeved on the box column 12, and the two sides of the support 33 are respectively fixed on the slide groove 213 of a bottom rod 21 through bolt-nut assemblies 38.

[0025] In this embodiment: the loading motor 32 is a stepping motor.

[0026] In this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown: The bottom plate of the upper panel 41 is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod 37 through eight connecting rods 44, wherein the bottom ends of four connecting rods 44 are respectively fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate of the upper panel 41, and the other four connecting rods 44 are respectively fixed to the midpoints of the four side edges of the bottom surface of the upper panel 41; The rolling element 43 is selected from needle rollers or ball rollers.

[0027] In this embodiment: the controller 52 is selected from a single chip microcomputer, a programmable controller or a microcomputer.

[0028] When this embodiment is used, the following steps are implemented in sequence: S1. Installation: S1.1 Placing the loading panel: Connect the pressure probe of the pressure sensor 51 to the upper panel 41, place the soil 13 in the box 11, and place the lower panel 42 on the soil 13. The upper panel 41 covers the lower panel 42 with a notch and fits the rolling body 43 on the lower panel 42. The rolling body 43 is selected from roller needles or ball bearings. The bottom plate of the upper panel 41 is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod 37 through eight connecting rods 44, wherein the bottom ends of four connecting rods 44 are respectively fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate of the upper panel 41, and the other four connecting rods 44 are respectively fixed to the midpoints of the four side edges of the bottom surface of the upper panel 41, thereby fixing the bottom plate of the upper panel 41 to the bottom end of the loading rod 37; S1.2 Assemble the main loading device: The loading motor 32 is fixed on the support 31 through the housing. The loading motor 32 is a stepping motor. A telescopic rod 33 is respectively provided on both sides of the loading motor 32. The output shaft of the loading motor 32 is respectively connected to the two telescopic rods 33 through a transmission mechanism 34. The loading base plate 35 is slidably mounted on the lower part of the two telescopic rods 33, and the connecting plate 36 is fixed to the bottom end of the two telescopic rods 33; Fix the top end of the loading rod 37 to the middle of the bottom surface of the connecting plate 36; Thus, the main loading device 3 is assembled and connected to the pressure sensor 51. Note that the loading plate part in the pressure sensor 51 cannot contact the main loading device part, otherwise the applied load value cannot be measured. S1.3 Install the base: adjust the telescopic length of the telescopic rod 33 so that the space above the soil 13 in the box 11 can accommodate the loading bottom plate 35, the connecting plate 36, the loading rod 37 and the loading panel 4; The outer side surface of the box column 12 is provided with an external thread; The base 2 includes two bottom rods 21, with ear plates 211 at both ends of the bottom rods 21, and positioning holes 212 on the ear plates 211. A slide groove 213 is provided in the middle of the bottom rods 21. Each bottom rod 21 is respectively sleeved on a box column 12 through the positioning holes 212 at both ends, and each box column 12 is screwed into a nut 14, so that the base 2 is sleeved and fixed on the box column 12; S1.4 Fixing the main loading device: fix both sides of the support 33 to the slide groove 213 of a bottom rod 21 by bolt-nut assemblies 38 respectively, so as to fix the support 31 to the base 2, so that the bottom end of the telescopic rod 33, the loading bottom plate 35, the connecting plate 36, the loading rod 37 and the loading panel 4 are all sequentially passed through the support 3 and the base 2 and are arranged in the space above the soil 13 in the box body 11; S1.5 Circuit connection and remote control: The loading motor 32 is connected to the power supply through a wire, and the pressure sensor 51 is connected to the controller 52 through a cable. The controller 52 is a single chip microcomputer, a programmable controller or a microcomputer, and the controller 52 is set in the main control room.

[0029] S2. Loading experiment: S2.1 Setting parameters: Turn on the controller 52, set acquisition parameters, including loading rate, loading direction and pressure setting value, and start the pressure sensor 51 after peeling and balancing to prepare for data acquisition; S2.2 Vertical pressurization: a loading instruction is sent to the loading motor 32 through the controller 52, and the output shaft of the loading motor 32 drives the loading panel 4 to press against the soil 13 according to the collected parameters through the transmission mechanism 34, the telescopic rod 33, the loading bottom plate 35, the connecting plate 36 and the loading rod 37, so as to apply vertical pressure to the soil 13, and the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 51 is observed by the controller 52. When the pressure value reaches the pressure setting value, the controller 52 sends a stop instruction to the loading motor 32 to complete the vertical pressurization; S2.3 Vibration test: After the controller 52 shows that the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 51 is stable, the vibration test is performed.

[0030] At present, conventional vibration tables can use the mechanical arm of the centrifuge to apply vertical pressure to the surface of the soil in the model box. However, since the mechanical arm has fewer force application points, when seismic waves or sine waves are input to the bottom of the vibration table, the mechanical arm will generate torque, which may cause damage to the mechanical arm. Conventional vibration tables can also use airbag loading, but the airtightness and quality requirements of the airbag are higher under the high-speed rotating centrifugal field of the experiment. On the other hand, since the airbag easily affects the deformation of the soil and shear box, it may further cause distortion of the test results.

[0031] Compared with the current conventional vibration table equipment, this embodiment has the following characteristics: i. This embodiment can achieve the overburden pressure requirement of deep buried underground structure in a simpler, economical and practical way without replacing a higher performance centrifuge or customizing a new model box and meeting the centrifuge load requirements.

[0032] ii. This embodiment designs a split loading panel 4, which consists of an upper and lower part: an upper panel 41 is a loading panel with a constraint measure, and a lower panel 42 is a loading panel with a rolling body 43 (such as a needle roller or a ball roller) on the surface. The purpose is to apply force while not restricting the displacement of the soil 13 through the mutual movement between the upper and lower panels; at the same time, in order to restrict the lower panel 42 from excessive displacement during the vibration process and touching the side wall of the box body 11, an L-shaped constraint is formed around the upper panel 41 through a notch to control the movement range of the lower panel 42 during the vibration process, so that the lower panel 42 will not exceed the maximum displacement of the vibration table, thereby ensuring that the test results are not affected and the system is safe and reliable.

[0033] iii. Most of the present embodiment is composed of steel parts, which are easy to fix. Compared with the flexible device of airbag pressurization or the pressurization method of complex multi-joint system of robotic arm, the present embodiment is more suitable for application in high-speed centrifugal field, has high safety and durability, and is not easy to be damaged.

Claims

1. A slidable vertical loading device for a shear box of a centrifuge vibration table, comprising a loading box (1), the loading box (1) comprising a box body (11) and box columns (12), soil (13) is placed in the box body (11), and four box columns (12) are respectively vertically fixed on four corners of the box body (11), wherein: It also includes a base (2), a main loading device (3), a loading panel (4) and a control device (5), The base (2) is sleeved and fixed on the box column (12); The main loading device (3) comprises a support (31), a loading motor (32), a telescopic rod (33), a transmission mechanism (34), a loading base plate (35), a connecting plate (36) and a loading rod (37). The support (31) is fixed on the base (2), the loading motor (32) is fixed on the support (31) through a housing, two telescopic rods (33) are respectively arranged on both sides of the loading motor (32), the output shaft of the loading motor (32) is respectively connected to the two telescopic rods (33) through a transmission mechanism (34), and the bottom ends of the telescopic rods (33) pass through the support (31) and the base (2) in sequence; The loading base plate (35) is slidably mounted on the lower parts of the two telescopic rods (33), and the connecting plate (36) is fixed on the bottom ends of the two telescopic rods (33); The top end of the loading rod (37) is fixed to the middle of the bottom surface of the connecting plate (36); The loading panel (4) comprises an upper panel (41), a lower panel (42) and a rolling body (43); the upper panel (41) is a groove body, the groove of the upper panel (41) is downward and the bottom plate of the upper panel (41) is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod (37); the lower panel (42) is rotatably provided with a rolling body (43); the lower panel (42) is arranged in the groove of the upper panel (41); the lower panel (42) is in contact with the soil (13); and the upper panel (41) is in contact with the rolling surface of the rolling body (43); The control device (5) comprises a pressure sensor (51) and a controller (52); the pressure sensor (51) is arranged on the loading rod (37); a pressure probe of the pressure sensor (51) is connected to the upper panel (41); and the pressure sensor (51) is connected to the controller (52) via a cable.

2. The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibrating table according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the box column (12) is provided with an external thread. After the base (2) is sleeved on the box column (12) through the positioning hole, a nut (14) is screwed into each box column (12) to fix the base (2) on the box column (12).

3. The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibrating table according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (2) comprises two bottom rods (21), ear plates (211) are provided at both ends of the bottom rods (21), positioning holes (212) are provided on the ear plates (211), a slide groove (213) is provided in the middle of the bottom rods (21), each bottom rod (21) is respectively sleeved on a box column (12) through the positioning holes (212) at both ends, so that the base (2) is sleeved on the box column (12), and both sides of the support (33) are respectively fixed to the slide groove (213) of a bottom rod (21) through bolt-nut assemblies (38).

4. The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibrating table according to claim 3, characterized in that: The loading motor (32) is a stepping motor.

5. The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibrating table according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the upper panel (41) is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod (37) through eight connecting rods (44), wherein the bottom ends of four connecting rods (44) are respectively fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate of the upper panel (41), and the other four connecting rods (44) are respectively fixed to the midpoints of the four side edges of the bottom surface of the upper panel (41); The rolling element (43) is selected from needle rollers or ball rollers.

6. The slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibrating table according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller (52) is selected from a single chip microcomputer, a programmable controller or a microcomputer.

7. The method for using the slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of a centrifuge vibrating table according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Follow the steps below to implement: S1. Installation: S1.1 Placing the loading panel: Connect the pressure probe of the pressure sensor (51) to the upper panel (41), place the soil (13) in the box (11), and place the lower panel (42) on the soil (13). The upper panel (41) covers the lower panel (42) with a notch and fits the rolling element (43) on the lower panel (42), and fixes the bottom plate of the upper panel (41) to the bottom end of the loading rod (37); S1.2 Assemble the main loading device: The loading motor (32) is fixed on the support (31) through the housing, a telescopic rod (33) is respectively provided on both sides of the loading motor (32), and the output shaft of the loading motor (32) is respectively connected to the two telescopic rods (33) through a transmission mechanism (34); The loading base plate (35) is slidably mounted on the lower part of the two telescopic rods (33), and the connecting plate (36) is fixed to the bottom ends of the two telescopic rods (33); The top end of the loading rod (37) is fixed to the middle of the bottom surface of the connecting plate (36); S1.3 Install the base: adjust the telescopic length of the telescopic rod (33) so that the space above the soil (13) in the box (11) can accommodate the loading bottom plate (35), the connecting plate (36), the loading rod (37) and the loading panel (4), and then sleeve and fix the base (2) on the box column (12); S1.4 Fixing the main loading device: fix the support (31) on the base (2), so that the bottom end of the telescopic rod (33), the loading bottom plate (35), the connecting plate (36), the loading rod (37) and the loading panel (4) are all sequentially passed through the support (3) and the base (2) and then arranged in the space above the soil (13) in the box body (11); S1.5 Circuit connection and remote control: The loading motor (32) is connected to the power supply through a wire, and the pressure sensor (51) is connected to the controller (52) through a cable. The controller (52) is located in the main control room. S2. Loading experiment: S2.1 Setting parameters: Open the controller (52), set the acquisition parameters, including the loading rate, loading direction and pressure setting value, and start the pressure sensor (51) after tare balancing to prepare for data acquisition; S2.2 Vertical pressurization: a loading instruction is sent to the loading motor (32) through the controller (52), and the output shaft of the loading motor (32) drives the loading panel (4) to press against the soil (13) according to the collected parameters through the transmission mechanism (34), the telescopic rod (33), the loading base plate (35), the connecting plate (36) and the loading rod (37), so as to apply vertical pressure to the soil (13). The pressure value collected by the pressure sensor (51) is observed by the controller (52). When the pressure value reaches the pressure setting value, the controller (52) sends a stop instruction to the loading motor (32), thereby completing the vertical pressurization; S2.3 Excitation experiment: After the controller (52) shows that the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor (51) is stable, the excitation experiment is carried out.

8. The method for using the slidable vertical loading device for the shear box of the centrifuge vibration table according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1.1, The bottom plate of the upper panel (41) is fixed to the bottom end of the loading rod (37) through eight connecting rods (44), wherein the bottom ends of four connecting rods (44) are respectively fixed to the four corners of the bottom plate of the upper panel (41), and the other four connecting rods (44) are respectively fixed to the midpoints of the four side edges of the bottom surface of the upper panel (41); The rolling element (43) is selected from needle rollers or ball rollers; In step S1.2, the loading motor (32) is a stepping motor; In step S1.3, The outer side surface of the box column (12) is provided with an external thread; The base (2) comprises two bottom rods (21), both ends of the bottom rods (21) are provided with ear plates (211), the ear plates (211) are provided with positioning holes (212), and the middle of the bottom rods (21) is provided with a slide groove (213), each bottom rod (21) is respectively sleeved on a box column (12) through the positioning holes (212) at both ends, and each box column (12) is respectively screwed with a nut (14), so that the base (2) is fixed on the box column (12); In step S1.4, both sides of the support (33) are fixed to a slide groove (213) of a bottom rod (21) by means of bolt-nut assemblies (38) respectively. In step S1.5, the controller (52) is a single chip microcomputer, a programmable controller or a microcomputer.

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