Inner spraying and outer liquid absorbing film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting device and cutting method

Abstract

The invention provides an inner-spraying and outer-liquid-absorbing film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting device. The device comprises a three-axis movement mechanism, an inner-spraying and outer-liquid-absorbing film cooling cutting head, a laser device, a negative-pressure skin fixator, a liquid supply device and a liquid pumping device. The inner-spraying and outer-liquid-absorbing film cooling cutting head comprises an upper shell, a focusing device and a lower shell. The laser light path is arranged in the inner cavity of the upper shell; the lower part of the inner cavity is communicated with positive pressure cavities positioned in the middle and lower inner cavities of the lower shell; the focusing device is coaxial with a laser light path emitted by the laser. The inner-spraying and outer-liquid-absorbing film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting method comprises the following steps that skin flaps are laid; normal saline is supplied; setting the output power of a laser and a skin graft processing movement track; and cutting the skin tissue. According to the method, the skin tissue is high in wavelength absorption efficiency of used laser, cutting is rapid, and the skin making time is short; the cutting precision is high; the postoperative skin grafting survival rate is high; the skin making precision is high; the economic benefit is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of skin grafting instrument structure design and application in dermatology, and in particular to a low-damage laser cutting device and cutting method for skin flaps with internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, people's expectations for skin grafting surgery are constantly increasing. Skin grafting surgery is a surgery that repairs the wound by removing normal skin tissue from the body. It is often used for patients with large-area skin burns. When the wound is too large, the doctor needs to use a dermatome to cut the removed skin into multiple small pieces, and then expand the micro-skin grafts multiple times for subsequent skin grafting. The existing skin preparation methods in China mainly rely on manual cutting with a scalpel or importing such dermatome equipment from abroad; however, the above two skin preparation methods have the following defects:

[0003] 1. Manually cutting the skin edge is irregular and time-consuming;

[0004] 2. Imported dermatome blades wear quickly and have a short service life;

[0005] 3. The leather pieces are prone to wrinkling and shifting during the cutting process, which increases the complexity of the leather making operation.

[0006] Therefore, people are eager to obtain a durable, accurate and standardized low-damage skin flap cutting device and cutting method for skin grafting surgery. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a low-damage laser cutting device and cutting method for skin flaps with internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling. In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the low-damage laser cutting device and method for skin flaps with internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling of the present invention specifically adopts internal spraying and external absorption liquid film to cover the laser cutting area, which can not only realize efficient and automated skin flap laser cutting, but also greatly reduce the thermal impact of normal skin tissue around the cutting edge, thereby improving the success rate of skin grafting.

[0008] The present invention relates to a low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling, and the key technology thereof is: the low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling comprises a three-axis motion mechanism, an internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head, a laser 1, a negative pressure skin fixator 7, a liquid supply device 9 and a liquid extraction device 8; wherein: the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head is fixed on the three-axis motion mechanism, the laser 1 is fixed on the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head, and the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is located at the bottom of the low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling;

[0009] The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head comprises an upper shell 12, a focusing device 3 and a lower shell 15; the upper shell 12 and the lower shell 15 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence; and the cavities inside them are connected in sequence; the laser 1 is arranged on the upper part or above the upper shell 12; the laser light path 2 for the laser 1 to emit laser downward is arranged in the internal cavity of the upper shell 12; the focusing device 3 is arranged in the inner cavity at the lower part of the upper shell 12 and the upper part of the lower shell 15, the upper part of the inner cavity is connected to the laser light path 2, and the lower part of the inner cavity is connected to the positive pressure cavity 4 located in the middle and lower inner cavities of the lower shell 15;

[0010] The focusing device 3 is coaxial with the laser light path 2 emitted by the laser 1; the upper shell 12 is provided with two concentric annular grooves near the lower end surface: an outer pressure equalizing ring 14 and an inner pressure equalizing ring 13; the outer pressure equalizing ring 14 is connected to the liquid extraction device 8 through the liquid extraction water pipe 10, and the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 is connected to the liquid supply device 9 through the liquid supply water pipe 11; the liquid supply device 9 delivers the pressurized water flow to the inner pressure equalizing ring 13; the lower shell 15 is provided with an annular groove structure near the lower end surface: a negative pressure liquid suction ring 18; the negative pressure liquid suction ring 18 is connected to the outer pressure equalizing ring 14 through the liquid extraction small tube 17;

[0011] The inner pressure-equalizing ring 13 is also connected to the middle part of the positive pressure chamber 4 in the vertical direction through the liquid supply tube 16, and outputs the liquid flow to the skin surface in the form of a uniform liquid film 5, and the thickness of the liquid film is 0.5-2mm; the residue and liquid generated by leather making are collected to the liquid extraction device 8 through the negative pressure suction ring 18 and the liquid extraction tube 17, and then through the outer pressure-equalizing ring 14 and the liquid extraction water pipe 10 with the help of negative pressure.

[0012] The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling skin flap low-damage laser cutting device described in the present invention preferably requires protection of the following technical content: the laser 1 is a laser with a wavelength of one of the following: 9.3um, 10.6um, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm, 2940nm.

[0013] The positive pressure chamber has a diameter of 2-10 mm and a height of 0.2-5 mm.

[0014] The liquid used in the operation of the liquid supply device 9 is one of the following or a combination thereof: pure water, physiological saline; the liquid supply pressure is 0.1-3 MPa.

[0015] The negative pressure skin fixator 7 is installed at the bottom of the cutting device, and is used to continuously use negative pressure to attract the skin and provide surface tension; the negative pressure of the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is set to: -2kPa to -90kPa.

[0016] The present invention also claims to protect a method for low-damage laser cutting of skin flaps using the internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting device described in claim 1, the steps and contents of which meet the following requirements in sequence:

[0017] Step 1: After the surgeon completes the preparatory steps for the skin grafting operation, the surgeon places the complete skin graft on the sterile negative pressure skin fixator 7, turns on the negative pressure fixator 7 to continuously suck to maintain the skin surface tension, and adjusts the three-axis motion mechanism so that the bottom of the lower housing 15 is 0.5-2.0 mm above the surface of the skin graft;

[0018] Step 2, open the liquid supply device 9, set the pressure of the physiological saline supply, and step on the liquid supply pedal of the liquid supply device to continuously supply liquid;

[0019] Step 3, according to the size requirements of the skin flap, set the output power of laser 1 and the skin flap processing motion trajectory; the output power setting range of laser 1 is 0-300W; the trajectory setting range is; X axis -99, 99, Y axis -99, 99; the output power is 20-50W;

[0020] Step 4, step on the laser 1 light output control pedal, and the cutting device automatically performs the skin tissue cutting operation;

[0021] Step 5, after the cutting operation is completed, release the light output control pedal of the laser 1 and the control pedal of the liquid supply device 9, check the cutting condition of the leather piece, and complete the leather making.

[0022] The present invention discloses a low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling, comprising a three-axis motion mechanism, an internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head, a laser 1, a negative pressure skin fixator 7, a liquid extraction device 8, a liquid supply device 9, etc. The internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head is fixed on the three-axis motion mechanism, the laser 1 is fixed on the internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head, and the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is located at the bottom of the cutting device. The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head includes an upper shell 12, a focusing device 3 and a lower shell 15; the focusing device 3 is coaxially installed with the laser channel inside the lower shell 15; the upper shell 12 is provided with an inner pressure equalizing ring 13, an outer pressure equalizing ring 14 and a pipeline connected to a liquid supply device 9 and a liquid extraction device 8; the liquid supply device 9 transports the pressurized water flow to the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 via a liquid supply water pipe 11, and the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 is connected to the positive pressure chamber 4 via a liquid supply tube 11, and the liquid flow is output to the skin surface in the form of a uniform liquid film 5, and the residue and liquid generated by skin making are collected by negative pressure to the liquid extraction device 8 via a negative pressure liquid absorption ring 18 and a liquid extraction tube 17.

[0023] A low-damage laser cutting method for skin flaps with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling: a large piece of complete skin flap is removed from healthy skin using a skin knife, and the skin flap is fixed on a negative pressure skin fixator 7; the guide rail movement and laser 1 parameters are set, the liquid supply device 9 and the liquid extraction device 8 are turned on, and the laser 1 produces laser cutting of the skin flap. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a liquid film 5 that always wraps the processing area during the cutting process, which can take away the processing heat in time and reduce damage to the skin tissue; on the other hand, the debris generated during the skin flap cutting process is also taken away in time by the liquid extraction device 8, which can reduce the contamination of the skin flap, and the survival rate of the skin flap after surgery is high, which has expected greater economic value and social value.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention uses a high-energy laser beam to cut the skin slices. The skin tissue has a high absorption efficiency for the laser wavelength used, the cutting is rapid, and the skin making time is short. The three-axis motion mechanism is used to achieve laser cutting, and the cutting accuracy is high. In addition, the radiation effect of the laser can stimulate the skin tissue bio-stimulation to promote the skin regeneration process, which is beneficial to the recovery after transplantation.

[0027] 2. The present invention adopts an internal suction and external spray liquid film cooling system. The heat generated by high-energy laser cutting is promptly cooled by the liquid film 5 to reduce the thermal impact of the skin tissue; the liquid extraction device 8 promptly cleans the debris and wastewater generated during the skin making process, effectively reducing the contamination and infection of the cutting edge, and the survival rate of the skin graft after surgery is high;

[0028] 3. The present invention adopts a negative pressure skin fixator 7, which does not require external fixation devices such as clamps, maintains skin tension, fully extends the skin tissue during cutting, and effectively improves the accuracy of skin making;

[0029] 4. The present invention utilizes high-energy laser beams to cut the skin slices, without the need for blade cutting, effectively reducing equipment loss and achieving good economic benefits;

[0030] 5. Compared with the prior art, during the cutting process, the processing area is always wrapped with a liquid film 5, which can take away the processing heat in time and reduce the damage to the skin tissue; on the other hand, the debris generated during the skin graft cutting process is also taken away in time by the liquid extraction device 8, which can reduce the contamination of the skin graft. The survival rate of the skin graft after surgery is high, and it has an expected greater economic value and social value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spraying and external absorption of liquid film cooling described in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 2 It is an example diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the low-damage laser cutting method of skin flap with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling;

[0034] Figure 4 It is the operation flow chart of the three-axis motion mechanism;

[0035] Figure 5 The leather piece is cut and processed by the low-damage laser cutting method for skin flaps using the internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling type laser cutting device described in Example 1 using the low-damage laser cutting method for skin flaps using the internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling type laser cutting device described in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0037] Figure numerals: laser 1, laser optical path 2, focusing device 3, positive pressure chamber 4, liquid film 5, skin-away distance 6, negative pressure skin fixator 7, liquid extraction device 8, liquid supply device 9, liquid extraction water pipe 10, liquid supply water pipe 11, upper shell 12, inner pressure equalizing ring 13, outer pressure equalizing ring 14, lower shell 15, liquid supply small tube 16, liquid extraction small tube 17, negative pressure liquid suction ring 18.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling skin flap low damage laser cutting device, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown; in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting device specifically adopts internal spraying and external liquid film to cover the laser cutting area, which can not only realize efficient and automated skin flap laser cutting, but also greatly reduce the thermal impact of normal skin tissue around the cutting edge, thereby improving the success rate of skin grafting.

[0040] The internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling type skin flap low damage laser cutting device comprises a three-axis motion mechanism, an internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head, a laser 1, a negative pressure skin fixator 7, a liquid supply device 9 and a liquid extraction device 8; wherein: the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head is fixed on the three-axis motion mechanism, the laser 1 is fixed on the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head, and the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is located at the bottom of the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling type skin flap low damage laser cutting device;

[0041] The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head comprises an upper shell 12, a focusing device 3 and a lower shell 15; the upper shell 12 and the lower shell 15 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence; and the cavities inside them are connected in sequence; the laser 1 is arranged on the upper part or above the upper shell 12; the laser light path 2 for the laser 1 to emit laser downward is arranged in the internal cavity of the upper shell 12; the focusing device 3 is arranged in the inner cavity at the lower part of the upper shell 12 and the upper part of the lower shell 15, the upper part of the inner cavity is connected to the laser light path 2, and the lower part of the inner cavity is connected to the positive pressure cavity 4 located in the middle and lower inner cavities of the lower shell 15;

[0042] The focusing device 3 is coaxial with the laser light path 2 emitted by the laser 1; the upper shell 12 is provided with two concentric annular grooves near the lower end surface: an outer pressure equalizing ring 14 and an inner pressure equalizing ring 13; the outer pressure equalizing ring 14 is connected to the liquid extraction device 8 through the liquid extraction water pipe 10, and the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 is connected to the liquid supply device 9 through the liquid supply water pipe 11; the liquid supply device 9 delivers the pressurized water flow to the inner pressure equalizing ring 13; the lower shell 15 is provided with an annular groove structure near the lower end surface: a negative pressure liquid suction ring 18; the negative pressure liquid suction ring 18 is connected to the outer pressure equalizing ring 14 through the liquid extraction small tube 17;

[0043] The inner pressure-equalizing ring 13 is also connected to the middle part of the positive pressure chamber 4 in the vertical direction through the liquid supply tube 16, and outputs the liquid flow to the skin surface in the form of a uniform liquid film 5, and the thickness of the liquid film is 0.5-2mm; the residue and liquid generated by leather making are collected to the liquid extraction device 8 through the negative pressure suction ring 18 and the liquid extraction tube 17, and then through the outer pressure-equalizing ring 14 and the liquid extraction water pipe 10 with the help of negative pressure.

[0044] The laser 1 is a laser with a wavelength of one of the following: 9.3um, 10.6um, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm, 2940nm.

[0045] The positive pressure chamber has a diameter of 2-10 mm and a height of 0.2-5 mm.

[0046] The liquid used in the operation of the liquid supply device 9 is one of the following or a combination thereof: pure water, physiological saline; the liquid supply pressure is 0.1-3 MPa.

[0047] The negative pressure skin fixator 7 is installed at the bottom of the cutting device, and is used to continuously use negative pressure to attract the skin and provide surface tension; the negative pressure of the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is set to: -2kPa to -90kPa.

[0048] The present embodiment provides a low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling, comprising a three-axis motion mechanism, an internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head, a laser 1, a negative pressure skin fixator 7, a liquid extraction device 8, a liquid supply device 9, etc. The internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head is fixed on the three-axis motion mechanism, the laser 1 is fixed on the internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head, and the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is located at the bottom of the cutting device. The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head includes an upper shell 12, a focusing device 3 and a lower shell 15; the focusing device 3 is coaxially installed with the laser channel inside the lower shell 15; the upper shell 12 is provided with an inner pressure equalizing ring 13, an outer pressure equalizing ring 14 and a pipeline connected to a liquid supply device 9 and a liquid extraction device 8; the liquid supply device 9 transports the pressurized water flow to the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 via a liquid supply water pipe 11, and the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 is connected to the positive pressure chamber 4 via a liquid supply tube 11, and the liquid flow is output to the skin surface in the form of a uniform liquid film 5, and the residue and liquid generated by skin making are collected by negative pressure to the liquid extraction device 8 via a negative pressure liquid absorption ring 18 and a liquid extraction tube 17.

[0049] This embodiment uses a high-energy laser beam to cut the skin slices. The skin tissue has a high absorption efficiency for the laser wavelength used, cutting is rapid, and the skin preparation time is short. A three-axis motion mechanism is used to achieve laser cutting, and the cutting accuracy is high. In addition, the radiation effect of the laser can stimulate the skin tissue bio-stimulation to promote the skin regeneration process, which is beneficial to the recovery after transplantation.

[0050] This embodiment adopts an internal suction and external spray liquid film cooling system. The heat generated by high-energy laser cutting is promptly cooled by the liquid film 5 to reduce the thermal impact of the skin tissue; the liquid extraction device 8 promptly cleans the debris and wastewater generated during the skin making process, effectively reducing the contamination and infection of the cutting edge, and the survival rate of the skin graft after surgery is high;

[0051] This embodiment uses a negative pressure skin fixator 7, which does not require external fixation devices such as gripping clamps, maintains skin tension, allows the skin tissue to be fully extended during cutting, and effectively improves the accuracy of skinning;

[0052] This embodiment utilizes a high-energy laser beam to cut the skin piece without the need for blade cutting, thereby effectively reducing equipment loss and achieving good economic benefits.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The steps and contents of the low-damage laser cutting method for skin flaps using the low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps cooled by internal spraying and external absorption of liquid film using the internal spraying and external absorption of liquid film described in Example 1 meet the following requirements in sequence:

[0055] Step 1: After the surgeon completes the preparatory steps for the skin grafting operation, the surgeon places the complete skin graft on the sterile negative pressure skin fixator 7, turns on the negative pressure fixator 7 to continuously suck to maintain the skin surface tension, and adjusts the three-axis motion mechanism so that the bottom of the lower housing 15 is 0.5-2.0 mm above the surface of the skin graft;

[0056] Step 2, open the liquid supply device 9, set the pressure of the physiological saline supply, and step on the liquid supply pedal of the liquid supply device to continuously supply liquid;

[0057] Step 3, according to the size requirements of the skin flap, set the output power of laser 1 and the skin flap processing motion trajectory; the output power setting range of laser 1 is 0-300W; the trajectory setting range is; X axis -99, 99, Y axis -99, 99; the output power is 20-50W;

[0058] Step 4, step on the laser 1 light output control pedal, and the cutting device automatically performs the skin tissue cutting operation;

[0059] Step 5, after the cutting operation is completed, release the light output control pedal of the laser 1 and the control pedal of the liquid supply device 9, check the cutting condition of the leather piece, and complete the leather making.

[0060] This embodiment uses the internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting method of the internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling type skin flap low-damage laser cutting device described in Example 1: a large piece of complete skin is removed from healthy skin using a skin removal knife, and the skin flap is fixed on a negative pressure skin fixator 7; the guide rail movement and laser 1 parameters are set, the liquid supply device 9 and the liquid extraction device 8 are turned on, and the laser 1 generates laser cutting of the skin flap.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, during the cutting process, the processing area is always wrapped with a liquid film 5, which can take away the processing heat in time and reduce the damage to the skin tissue. On the other hand, the debris generated during the skin graft cutting process is also taken away in time by the liquid extraction device 8, which can reduce the contamination of the skin graft. The survival rate of the skin graft after surgery is high, and it has an expected greater economic value and social value.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a three-axis motion mechanism, an inner spray and outer suction liquid film cooling cutting head, a laser 1, a negative pressure skin fixer 7, a liquid supply 9 and a liquid extraction device 8. The inner spray and outer suction liquid film cooling cutting head is fixed on the three-axis motion mechanism, the laser 1 is fixed on the inner spray and outer suction liquid film cooling cutting head, and the negative pressure skin fixer 7 is located at the bottom of the cutting device. The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head comprises an upper shell 12, a focusing device 3 and a lower shell 15; the focusing device is coaxially installed in the lower shell 15 with the laser light path 2; the upper shell 12 is provided with an outer pressure equalizing ring 14, an inner pressure equalizing ring 13 and a pipeline connecting a liquid supply device 9 and a liquid extraction device 8; the liquid supply device 9 delivers pressurized water to the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 via a liquid supply water pipe 11, and the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 is connected to the positive pressure chamber 4 via a liquid supply small tube 16, and outputs the liquid flow to the skin surface in the form of a uniform liquid film 5, and the residue and liquid generated by skin making are negatively collected to the liquid extraction device 8 via a negative pressure liquid absorption ring 18 and a liquid extraction small tube 17;

[0064] The wavelength of laser 1 is one of the following: 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm, 2940nm, 9.3um and 10.6um;

[0065] The liquid used in the liquid supply device 9 is medical saline, and the liquid supply pressure is 0.2MPa;

[0066] A laser optical path 2, a focusing device 3 and a positive pressure chamber 5 are arranged below the laser 1. The focusing device 3 is coaxially arranged inside the lower housing 15. The positive pressure chamber has a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 1 mm.

[0067] The negative pressure suction ring 18 is arranged at the bottom end of the lower shell 15, and is used to absorb waste materials such as debris and sewage generated during the leather processing process; the negative pressure suction ring 18 is connected to the outer pressure equalizing ring 14 through a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed suction tubes 17, and the outer pressure equalizing ring 14 recovers the waste materials to the suction device 8 through the suction water pipe 10;

[0068] An inner pressure equalizing ring 13 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the upper housing 12, and a plurality of liquid supply tubes 16 are coaxially arranged in the lower housing 15 evenly distributed along the circumference. The liquid generated by the liquid supply device can flow to the positive pressure chamber 4 through the inner pressure equalizing ring 13 and the liquid supply water pipe 11, and form a liquid film 5; the thickness of the liquid film 5 is 0.5 mm;

[0069] The negative pressure skin fixator 7 is installed at the bottom of the cutting device and is used to continuously apply negative pressure to the skin to provide surface tension; the negative pressure of the negative pressure skin fixator 7 is set to: -10 kPa.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] A low-damage laser cutting method for skin flaps with internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: After the surgeon completes the preparatory steps for the skin grafting operation, the surgeon places the complete skin graft on the sterile negative pressure skin fixator 7, turns on the negative pressure fixator 7 to continuously suck to maintain the skin surface tension, and adjusts the three-axis motion mechanism so that the bottom of the lower housing 15 is 0.5 mm above the surface of the skin graft;

[0073] Step 2, open the liquid supply device 9, set the pressure of the physiological saline supply to 0.2MPa, and step on the liquid supply pedal of the liquid supply device;

[0074] Step 3, according to the size requirements of the skin flap, set the output power of the laser 1 and the skin flap processing motion trajectory, and the output power of the laser 1 is set to 40W;

[0075] Step 4, step on the laser 1 light output control pedal, and the cutting device automatically performs the skin tissue cutting operation;

[0076] Step 5, after the cutting operation is completed, release the laser 1 light output control pedal and the liquid supply device 9 control pedal, check the leather cutting situation, and complete the leather making.

Claims

1. Internal spray and external suction liquid film cooling type skin flap low damage laser cutting device, characterized by: The internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling type skin flap low damage laser cutting device comprises a three-axis motion mechanism, an internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head, a laser (1), a negative pressure skin fixator (7), a liquid supply device (9) and a liquid extraction device (8); wherein: the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head is fixed on the three-axis motion mechanism, the laser (1) is fixed on the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling cutting head, and the negative pressure skin fixator (7) is located at the bottom of the internal spray and external absorption liquid film cooling type skin flap low damage laser cutting device; The internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling cutting head comprises an upper shell (12), a focusing device (3) and a lower shell (15); the upper shell (12) and the lower shell (15) are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence; and the cavities inside them are connected in sequence; the laser (1) is arranged on the upper part or above the upper shell (12); the laser light path (2) for the laser (1) to emit laser light downward is arranged in the internal cavity of the upper shell (12); the focusing device (3) is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower part of the upper shell (12) and the upper part of the lower shell (15); the upper part of the inner cavity is connected to the laser light path (2), and the lower part of the inner cavity is connected to the positive pressure cavity (4) located in the middle and lower inner cavities of the lower shell (15); The focusing device (3) is coaxial with the laser light path (2) emitted by the laser (1); the upper shell (12) is provided with two concentric annular grooves near the lower end surface: an outer pressure equalizing ring (14) and an inner pressure equalizing ring (13); the outer pressure equalizing ring (14) is connected to the liquid extraction device (8) through the liquid extraction water pipe (10), and the inner pressure equalizing ring (13) is connected to the liquid supply device (9) through the liquid supply water pipe (11); the liquid supply device (9) conveys the pressurized water flow to the inner pressure equalizing ring (13); the lower shell (15) is provided with an annular groove structure near the lower end surface: a negative pressure liquid suction ring (18); the negative pressure liquid suction ring (18) is connected to the outer pressure equalizing ring (14) through the liquid extraction small tube (17); The inner pressure-equalizing ring (13) is also connected to the middle of the positive pressure chamber (4) in the vertical direction through a liquid supply tube (16), and outputs the liquid flow to the skin surface in the form of a uniform liquid film (5), wherein the thickness of the liquid film is 0.5-2 mm; the residue and liquid generated by leather making are collected by the negative pressure liquid suction ring (18) and the liquid extraction tube (17), and then successively by the outer pressure-equalizing ring (14) and the liquid extraction water pipe (10) to the liquid extraction device (8) with the help of negative pressure.

2. The low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser (1) is a laser having a wavelength of one of the following: 9.3um, 10.6um, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm, 2940nm.

3. The low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positive pressure chamber has a diameter of 2-10 mm and a height of 0.2-5 mm.

4. The low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid used in the operation of the liquid supply device (9) is one of the following or a combination thereof: pure water, physiological saline; the liquid supply pressure is 0.1-3 MPa.

5. The low-damage laser cutting device for skin flaps with internal spraying and external suction liquid film cooling according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The negative pressure skin fixator (7) is installed at the bottom of the cutting device and is used to continuously apply negative pressure to the skin to provide surface tension; the negative pressure of the negative pressure skin fixator (7) is set to -2 kPa to -90 kPa.

6. A method for low-damage laser cutting of skin flaps using the internal spraying and external absorption liquid film cooling skin flap low-damage laser cutting device of claim 1, characterized in that: Its steps and contents shall meet the following requirements in sequence: Step 1: After the surgeon completes the preparatory steps for the skin grafting operation, the surgeon places the complete skin graft on the sterile negative pressure skin fixator (7), turns on the negative pressure fixator (7) to continuously suction the skin to maintain the surface tension of the skin, and adjusts the three-axis motion mechanism so that the bottom of the lower housing (15) is 0.5-2.0 mm above the surface of the skin graft; Step 2, open the liquid supply device (9), set the pressure of the physiological saline supply, and step on the liquid supply pedal of the liquid supply device to continuously supply liquid; Step 3, according to the size requirements of the leather patch, set the output power of the laser (1) and the leather patch processing motion trajectory; the output power setting range of the laser (1) is 0-300W; the trajectory setting range is; X axis (-99, 99), Y axis (-99, 99); the output power is 20-50W; Step 4, stepping on the laser (1) light output control pedal, the cutting device automatically performs the skin tissue cutting operation; Step 5, after the cutting operation is completed, release the laser (1) light output control pedal and the liquid supply device (9) control pedal, check the leather cutting status, and complete the leather making.

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