Anti-falling die-cutting machine feeding device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detecting and positioning devices, in particular to an anti-falling die-cutting machine feeding device and a using method thereof.The anti-falling die-cutting machine feeding device comprises a feeding table, a protective supporting frame, a control box, a movable conveying mechanism, a limiting movable plate, a rotary feeding mechanism, an adjusting feeding mechanism, a part containing plate and an anti-falling clamping mechanism; a rotary feeding mechanism capable of rotatably adjusting the feeding position of the parts is installed at the upper end of the limiting movable plate, an adjusting feeding mechanism capable of rapidly feeding the parts is installed at the upper end of the rotary feeding mechanism, and an anti-falling clamping mechanism capable of stably adjusting and clamping the parts is installed at the upper end of the part containing plate. According to the material bottom plate, parts can be quickly conveyed to a plurality of working areas of the die-cutting machine from the part containing plate through the rotary feeding mechanism and the adjusting feeding mechanism, the production period is shortened, meanwhile, the parts can be stably adjusted and clamped through the anti-falling clamping mechanism, and the production efficiency is improved. And the parts can be effectively prevented from falling off in the conveying and feeding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of detection and positioning devices, and in particular to an anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The die-cutting machine feeding device is an important part of the die-cutting machine. Its main function is to automatically or manually feed the parts to be processed into the working area of ​​the die-cutting machine so that the die-cutting machine can perform subsequent processing operations such as die-cutting, creasing, and hot stamping.

[0003] Traditional die-cutting machine feeding devices often rely on manual loading, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors. Manual loading is inefficient and difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. When performing multi-station loading, the die-cutting machine feeding device cannot quickly and automatically adjust the loading position to prevent dropping of the feeding, further reducing the loading speed of the device.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the problem that the above-mentioned traditional die-cutting machine feeding device often relies on manual feeding, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production, and cannot quickly and automatically adjust the feeding position to prevent dropping of feeding when performing multi-station feeding, an anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device can be designed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem that traditional die-cutting machine feeding devices often rely on manual feeding, it is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. When performing multi-station feeding, the feeding position cannot be quickly and automatically adjusted to prevent falling feeding.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an anti-drop feeding device for a die-cutting machine, comprising a feeding table, a protective support frame, a control box, a mobile transportation mechanism, a limit movable plate, a rotating feeding mechanism, an adjustable feeding mechanism, a parts placement plate and an anti-drop clamping mechanism; the lower end of the feeding table is fixedly connected to the protective support frame, a control box is installed inside the protective support frame, a mobile transportation mechanism for lateral movement adjustment is installed on the upper end of the control box, a limit movable plate is installed on the upper end of the mobile transportation mechanism, a rotating feeding mechanism that can rotatably adjust the parts feeding position is installed on the upper end of the limit movable plate, and the upper end of the rotating feeding mechanism The top of the control box is provided with an adjusting feeding mechanism for quickly feeding parts, a parts placing plate is installed on the upper end of the adjusting feeding mechanism, and an anti-drop clamping mechanism for stably adjusting and clamping parts is installed on the upper end of the parts placing plate; the mobile transportation mechanism includes a guide frame plate installed at the center of the upper end of the control box, a servo motor is installed on the side end of the guide frame plate, an adjusting screw rod is installed on the output end of the servo motor, a screw rod sliding block is connected to the outer side of the adjusting screw rod, a limited movable block is installed on the upper end of the screw rod sliding block, and a limited movable groove matched with the limited movable block is opened inside the loading table.

[0007] Preferably, starting the mobile transport mechanism can drive the parts on the parts placement plate to be transported horizontally, and utilizing the rotating loading mechanism and the adjusting feeding mechanism can quickly deliver the parts from the parts placement plate to multiple working areas of the die-cutting machine, thereby shortening the production cycle. At the same time, utilizing the anti-drop clamping mechanism can stably adjust and clamp the parts, which can effectively prevent the parts from falling during transportation and loading, and avoid the displacement and misalignment of the parts.

[0008] Preferably, movable cross bars are fixedly connected on both sides of the screw sliding block, guide bars are provided on both sides of the guide frame plate, and guide linkage blocks sliding on the guide bars are fixedly connected on the outer side of the movable cross bars.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating feeding mechanism includes an L-shaped support frame plate installed on both sides of the limiting movable plate, the upper end of the L-shaped support frame plate is fixedly connected to a fixed disk, and the upper end of the limiting movable plate is installed with a rotating motor.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating vertical rod is installed at the output end of the rotating motor, a rotating arm is fixedly connected to the top of the side end of the rotating vertical rod, a limited rotating groove is penetrated inside the fixed disk, and the upper end of the rotating arm is fixedly connected to the limited rotating block.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting feeding mechanism includes a linkage rotating plate installed on the upper end of the limiting rotating block, a lifting cylinder is installed on the upper end of the linkage rotating plate, a lifting frame plate is installed on the piston end of the lifting cylinder, a mounting frame plate is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the lifting frame plate, an oblique hydraulic rod is installed inside the mounting frame plate, and the piston end of the oblique hydraulic rod is connected to the lower end of the parts placement plate by a hinge.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the lifting frame plate is fixedly connected to a protective outer frame plate on one side away from the mounting frame plate, the lower end of the parts placement plate is located on a fixed bar above the protective outer frame plate, a rotating shaft extending to both sides of the fixed bar is installed inside the fixed bar, and both sides of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to both sides of the inner side of the protective outer frame plate.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-drop clamping mechanism includes protective support rods installed on both sides of the upper end of the parts placement plate, the inner side of the protective support rods is fixedly connected to an anti-drop side baffle plate, the side end of the parts placement plate is fixedly connected to a rear fixed baffle plate, and a bidirectional cylinder is installed on the inner side of the rear fixed baffle plate.

[0014] Preferably, a clamping side plate is installed at the piston end of the bidirectional cylinder, a non-slip pad is installed on the inner side of the clamping side plate, a moving wheel is installed at the lower end of the clamping side plate, and a guide rail compatible with the moving wheel is provided on the upper surface of the part placement plate.

[0015] A method for using an anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device, comprising the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device as described above, and the steps are as follows;

[0016] Step 1: Place the part to be processed on the part placement plate, start the two-way cylinder, and the piston end of the two-way cylinder will push the clamping side plate to move toward the part until the anti-slip pad on the inner side of the clamping side plate is in close contact with the part. The moving wheel at the lower end of the clamping side plate will move along the guide rail on the upper surface of the part placement plate to ensure that the clamping process is smooth and will not damage the part. The anti-drop side baffle and the rear fixed baffle work together to prevent the part from falling during processing;

[0017] Step 2: First, start the servo motor to drive the adjusting screw to rotate. By adjusting the screw transmission, the screw sliding block will move along the combination of the guide rod and the guide linkage block, thereby driving the limit movable block to move in the limit movable groove, and can drive the parts to move horizontally to the specified position as needed;

[0018] Step 3: Then start the rotating motor to drive the rotating vertical rod and the rotating arm to rotate. Since the top of the rotating arm is connected to the limiting rotating groove inside the fixed plate through the limiting rotating block, the part placement plate and the parts thereon can be rotated smoothly, and the loading can be adjusted according to different loading positions;

[0019] Step 4: Start the lifting cylinder as needed, so that its piston end drives the lifting frame plate to rise and fall. The piston end of the oblique hydraulic rod is connected to the hinge at the lower end of the part placement plate to adjust the inclination angle of the part placement plate. Then release the clamping force of the two-way cylinder. Since the part placement plate is in an inclined state at this time, the parts can fall into the loading position of the die-cutting machine, which is convenient for the die-cutting machine to perform processing operations.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the mobile transport mechanism can be used to drive the parts on the parts placement plate for horizontal transport, and the rotating loading mechanism and the adjusting feeding mechanism can quickly send the parts from the parts placement plate to multiple working areas of the die-cutting machine, shortening the production cycle, and at the same time the anti-drop clamping mechanism can be used to stably adjust the clamping of the parts, which can effectively prevent the parts from falling during transportation and loading, and avoid the deviation and misalignment of the parts. Compared with the traditional die-cutting machine feeding device, which cannot quickly and automatically adjust the feeding position for anti-drop feeding when performing multi-station loading, the die-cutting machine feeding device can achieve the effect of automatic and efficient loading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Shown is a three-dimensional split structure schematic diagram of the mobile transportation mechanism in the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3Shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fixed plate in the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The present invention shows the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device. Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 Shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the adjusting feeding mechanism in the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the anti-drop clamping mechanism in the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device of the present invention.

[0027] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. Loading table; 2. Protective support frame; 3. Control box; 5. Limiting movable plate; 8. Parts placement plate; 101. Limiting movable groove; 401. Guide frame plate; 402. Servo motor; 403. Adjusting screw rod; 404. Screw rod sliding block; 405. Limiting movable block; 406. Moving cross bar; 407. Guide rod; 408. Guide linkage block; 601. L-shaped support frame plate; 602. Fixed plate; 603. Rotating motor; 604. Rotating vertical rod; 605. Rotating Boom; 606, limit rotation groove; 607, limit rotation block; 701, linkage rotation plate; 702, lifting cylinder; 703, lifting frame plate; 704, mounting frame plate; 705, oblique hydraulic rod; 706, protective outer frame plate; 707, fixing bar; 708, rotating shaft; 901, protective support rod; 902, anti-drop side baffle; 903, rear fixed baffle; 904, two-way cylinder; 905, clamping side plate; 906, anti-slip cushion; 907, moving wheel; 908, guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 6The present invention provides an embodiment: a feeding device for an anti-drop die-cutting machine, comprising a feeding platform 1, a protective support frame 2, a control box 3, a mobile transportation mechanism, a limiting movable plate 5, a rotating feeding mechanism, an adjusting feeding mechanism, a part placement plate 8 and an anti-drop clamping mechanism; the lower end of the feeding platform 1 is fixedly connected to the protective support frame 2, the control box 3 is installed inside the protective support frame 2, the upper end of the control box 3 is installed with a mobile transportation mechanism for lateral movement adjustment, the upper end of the mobile transportation mechanism is installed with a limiting movable plate 5, the upper end of the limiting movable plate 5 is installed with a rotating feeding mechanism that can rotatably adjust the part feeding position, the upper end of the rotating feeding mechanism is installed with an adjusting feeding mechanism that can quickly feed the parts, the upper end of the adjusting feeding mechanism is installed with a part placement plate 8, and the upper end of the part placement plate 8 is installed with an anti-drop clamping mechanism for stably adjusting the clamping of the parts; the mobile transportation mechanism comprises a guide frame plate 401 installed at the center of the upper end of the control box 3, and the side end of the guide frame plate 401 is installed There is a servo motor 402, and an adjusting screw 403 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 402. The outer side of the adjusting screw 403 is connected to a screw sliding block 404 for transmission. A limited movable block 405 is installed on the upper end of the screw sliding block 404. A limited movable groove 101 compatible with the limited movable block 405 is opened inside the loading table 1. Starting the mobile transportation mechanism can drive the parts on the part placement plate 8 to be transported horizontally, and the rotating loading mechanism and the adjusting feeding mechanism can quickly send the parts from the part placement plate 8 to multiple working areas of the die-cutting machine, shortening the production cycle. At the same time, the anti-drop clamping mechanism can be used to stably adjust and clamp the parts, which can effectively prevent the parts from falling during transportation and loading, and avoid the deviation and misalignment of the parts. Both sides of the screw sliding block 404 are fixedly connected to a moving cross bar 406, and both sides of the guide frame plate 401 are provided with guide rods 407. The outer side of the moving cross bar 406 is fixedly connected to a guide linkage block 408 sliding on the guide rod 407.

[0030] See also Figure 3-Figure 5In this embodiment, the rotating feeding mechanism includes an L-shaped support frame plate 601 installed on both sides of the limiting movable plate 5, the upper end of the L-shaped support frame plate 601 is fixedly connected to a fixed disk 602, the upper end of the limiting movable plate 5 is installed with a rotating motor 603, the output end of the rotating motor 603 is installed with a rotating vertical rod 604, the top of the side end of the rotating vertical rod 604 is fixedly connected with a rotating arm 605, a limited rotating groove 606 is provided inside the fixed plate 602, the upper end of the rotating arm 605 is fixedly connected to a limited rotating block 607, and the adjusting feeding mechanism includes a linkage rotating plate 701 installed on the upper end of the limiting rotating block 607, and the upper end of the linkage rotating plate 701 is installed with a lifting cylinder 70 2. A lifting frame plate 703 is installed on the piston end of the lifting cylinder 702, and a mounting frame plate 704 is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the lifting frame plate 703. An oblique hydraulic rod 705 is installed inside the mounting frame plate 704. The piston end of the oblique hydraulic rod 705 is connected to the lower end of the part placement plate 8 through a hinge. A protective outer frame plate 706 is fixedly connected to the side of the lower end of the lifting frame plate 703 away from the mounting frame plate 704. The lower end of the part placement plate 8 is located at a fixing bar 707 above the protective outer frame plate 706. A rotating shaft 708 extending to both sides of the fixing bar 707 is installed inside the fixing bar 707, and both sides of the rotating shaft 708 are rotatably connected to both sides of the inner side of the protective outer frame plate 706.

[0031] See also Figure 6 In this embodiment, the anti-drop clamping mechanism includes a protective support rod 901 installed on both sides of the upper end of the part placement plate 8, and an anti-drop side baffle 902 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the protective support rod 901, and a rear fixed baffle 903 is fixedly connected to the side end of the part placement plate 8. A two-way cylinder 904 is installed on the inner side of the rear fixed baffle 903, and a clamping side plate 905 is installed on the piston end of the two-way cylinder 904. An anti-slip pad 906 is installed on the inner side of the clamping side plate 905, and a moving wheel 907 is installed at the lower end of the clamping side plate 905. A guide slide rail 908 compatible with the moving wheel 907 is opened on the upper surface of the part placement plate 8.

[0032] The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device and the use method thereof include the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device as described above, and the steps are as follows;

[0033] Step 1: Place the part to be processed on the part placement plate 8, start the two-way cylinder 904, the piston end of the two-way cylinder 904 will push the clamping side plate 905 to move towards the part until the anti-slip pad 906 on the inner side of the clamping side plate 905 is in close contact with the part, and the moving wheel 907 at the lower end of the clamping side plate 905 will move along the guide rail 908 on the upper surface of the part placement plate 8 to ensure that the clamping process is smooth and will not damage the part. The anti-drop side baffle 902 and the rear fixed baffle 903 work together to prevent the part from falling during the processing;

[0034] Step 2: First, start the servo motor 402 to drive the adjusting screw 403 to rotate. Through the transmission of the adjusting screw 403, the screw sliding block 404 will move along the combination of the guide rod 407 and the guide linkage block 408, thereby driving the limit movable block 405 to move in the limit movable groove 101, and can drive the parts to move horizontally to the specified position as needed;

[0035] Step 3: Then start the rotating motor 603 to drive the rotating vertical rod 604 and the rotating arm 605 to rotate. Since the top of the rotating arm 605 is connected to the limiting rotating groove 606 inside the fixed plate 602 through the limiting rotating block 607, the part placement plate 8 and the parts thereon can be rotated smoothly, and the loading can be adjusted according to different loading positions;

[0036] Step 4: Start the lifting cylinder 702 as needed, so that its piston end drives the lifting frame plate 703 to move up and down. The piston end of the inclined hydraulic rod 705 is connected to the hinge at the lower end of the part placement plate 8 to adjust the inclination angle of the part placement plate 8. Then release the clamping force of the two-way cylinder 904. Since the part placement plate 8 is in an inclined state at this time, the parts can fall into the loading position of the die-cutting machine, which is convenient for the die-cutting machine to perform processing operations.

[0037] Through the above steps, by setting up a mobile transportation mechanism, the parts on the part placement plate 8 can be driven for horizontal transportation, and by utilizing a rotating loading mechanism and an adjustable feeding mechanism, the parts can be quickly delivered from the part placement plate 8 to multiple working areas of the die-cutting machine, thereby shortening the production cycle. At the same time, the anti-drop clamping mechanism can be used to stably adjust the clamping of the parts, which can effectively prevent the parts from falling during transportation and loading, so as to solve the problem that the traditional die-cutting machine loading device often relies on manual loading, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production, and when performing multi-station loading, the loading position cannot be quickly and automatically adjusted to prevent falling feeding.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A die-cutting machine feeding device with an anti-drop function, comprising a feeding table (1); characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a protective support frame (2), a control box (3), a mobile transport mechanism, a limit movable plate (5), a rotating feeding mechanism, an adjustable feeding mechanism, a parts placement plate (8) and an anti-drop clamping mechanism; the lower end of the feeding platform (1) is fixedly connected with the protective support frame (2), the control box (3) is installed inside the protective support frame (2), the upper end of the control box (3) is installed with a mobile transport mechanism for lateral movement adjustment, the upper end of the mobile transport mechanism is installed with a limit movable plate (5), the upper end of the limit movable plate (5) is installed with a rotating feeding mechanism capable of rotatably adjusting the parts feeding position, the upper end of the rotating feeding mechanism is installed with an adjustable feeding mechanism capable of quickly feeding parts, and the upper end of the adjustable feeding mechanism is installed with a rotating feeding mechanism capable of quickly feeding parts. A parts placement plate (8) is installed at the end, and an anti-drop clamping mechanism for stably adjusting and clamping parts is installed at the upper end of the parts placement plate (8); the mobile transportation mechanism comprises a guide frame plate (401) installed at the center of the upper end of the control box (3), a servo motor (402) is installed at the side end of the guide frame plate (401), an adjusting screw rod (403) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (402), the outer side of the adjusting screw rod (403) is connected to a screw rod sliding block (404) in a transmission manner, a limit movable block (405) is installed at the upper end of the screw rod sliding block (404), and a limit movable groove (101) adapted to the limit movable block (405) is opened inside the loading platform (1).

2. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the screw rod sliding block (404) are fixedly connected with a moving cross bar (406), both sides of the guide frame plate (401) are provided with a guide rod (407), and the outer side of the moving cross bar (406) is fixedly connected with a guide linkage block (408) sliding on the guide rod (407).

3. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary feeding mechanism comprises an L-shaped support frame plate (601) installed on both sides of the limiting movable plate (5), the upper end of the L-shaped support frame plate (601) is fixedly connected to a fixed disk (602), and the upper end of the limiting movable plate (5) is installed with a rotary motor (603).

4. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating vertical rod (604) is installed at the output end of the rotating motor (603), a rotating arm (605) is fixedly connected to the top of the side end of the rotating vertical rod (604), a limited rotation groove (606) is provided through the interior of the fixed disk (602), and a limited rotation block (607) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating arm (605).

5. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting feeding mechanism comprises a linkage rotating plate (701) mounted on the upper end of the limiting rotating block (607); a lifting cylinder (702) is mounted on the upper end of the linkage rotating plate (701); a lifting frame plate (703) is mounted on the piston end of the lifting cylinder (702); a mounting frame plate (704) is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the lifting frame plate (703); an oblique hydraulic rod (705) is mounted inside the mounting frame plate (704); and a piston end of the oblique hydraulic rod (705) is connected to the lower end of the parts placement plate (8) via a hinge.

6. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A protective outer frame plate (706) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting frame plate (703) at a side away from the installation frame plate (704); the lower end of the parts placement plate (8) is located on a fixing bar (707) above the protective outer frame plate (706); a rotating shaft (708) extending to both sides of the fixing bar (707) is installed through the inside of the fixing bar (707); both sides of the rotating shaft (708) are rotatably connected to both sides of the inside of the protective outer frame plate (706).

7. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-drop clamping mechanism comprises a protective support rod (901) installed on both sides of the upper end of the part placement plate (8), the inner side of the protective support rod (901) is fixedly connected to an anti-drop side baffle (902), the side end of the part placement plate (8) is fixedly connected to a rear fixed baffle (903), and the inner side of the rear fixed baffle (903) is installed with a bidirectional cylinder (904).

8. The anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A clamping side plate (905) is installed at the piston end of the bidirectional cylinder (904), an anti-skid pad (906) is installed inside the clamping side plate (905), a moving wheel (907) is installed at the lower end of the clamping side plate (905), and a guide rail (908) adapted to the moving wheel (907) is provided on the upper surface of the part placement plate (8).

9. A method for using an anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device, using the anti-drop die-cutting machine feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Place the part to be processed on the part placement plate (8), start the two-way cylinder (904), and the piston end of the two-way cylinder (904) will push the clamping side plate (905) to move towards the part until the anti-skid pad (906) on the inner side of the clamping side plate (905) is in close contact with the part. The moving wheel (907) at the lower end of the clamping side plate (905) will move along the guide rail (908) on the upper surface of the part placement plate (8) to ensure that the clamping process is smooth and will not damage the part. The anti-drop side baffle (902) and the rear fixed baffle (903) work together to prevent the part from falling during the processing; Step 2: First, start the servo motor (402) to drive the adjusting screw (403) to rotate. Through the transmission of the adjusting screw (403), the screw sliding block (404) will move along the combination of the guide rod (407) and the guide linkage block (408), thereby driving the limit movable block (405) to move in the limit movable groove (101), and can drive the parts to move horizontally to the specified position as needed; Step 3: Then start the rotating motor (603) to drive the rotating vertical rod (604) and the rotating arm (605) to rotate. Since the top of the rotating arm (605) is connected to the limiting rotating groove (606) inside the fixed plate (602) through the limiting rotating block (607), the part placement plate (8) and the parts thereon can be rotated smoothly, and the loading can be adjusted according to different loading positions; Step 4: Start the lifting cylinder (702) as needed, so that its piston end drives the lifting frame plate (703) to move up and down. The piston end of the oblique hydraulic rod (705) is connected to the hinge at the lower end of the part placement plate (8) to adjust the inclination angle of the part placement plate (8). Then release the clamping force of the two-way cylinder (904). Since the part placement plate (8) is in an inclined state at this time, the parts can fall into the loading position of the die-cutting machine, which is convenient for the die-cutting machine to perform processing operations.

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