Thermal protection clothing composite fabric capable of preventing high-temperature liquid and steam

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of protective fabrics, and particularly relates to a thermal protective clothing composite fabric capable of preventing high-temperature liquid and steam. The fabric comprises a steam blocking layer, a heat insulation middle layer and an inner layer which are arranged in sequence, wherein the steam blocking layer is composed of a blended fabric layer formed by modacrylic, flame-retardant viscose and aramid fibers and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side face of the blended fabric layer; the heat insulation middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and heat insulation fiber layers compounded on the upper surface and the lower surface of the porous vacuum silicon material layer; the porous vacuum silicon material layer is prepared from a porous oxidized vacuum silica material and a polymer framework material by adopting a vacuum crosslinking gasification high-pressure drying preparation process, and the heat-preservation-resistant fiber layer is heat-preservation-resistant fiber plain cloth or heat-preservation-resistant fiber felt; and the inner layer is a fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant aramid fibers and flame-retardant cotton fibers. The thermal protection clothing composite fabric capable of preventing the high-temperature liquid and the steam has an excellent protection effect and is low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of protective fabrics, and in particular relates to a composite fabric for thermal protective clothing that is resistant to high-temperature liquids and steam. Background Art

[0002] There are three basic forms of heat transfer: heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection. In daily production and life, we often encounter thermal disasters such as high-temperature fires, high-temperature steam and high-temperature liquid splashes. In order to ensure the safety of workers, high-temperature protective clothing came into being. At present, the existing high-temperature protective clothing mainly protects against heat conduction and heat radiation caused by special environments (high-temperature flames, high-temperature furnace heat radiation, etc.) in firefighting, metallurgy and other industries. However, it is difficult to deal with heat damage caused by high-temperature liquids and steam in the form of heat conduction. High-temperature liquids and high-pressure steam can penetrate conventional protective clothing in a very short time and release a large amount of heat, causing safety accidents such as skin burns.

[0003] Therefore, different from conventional protective clothing, thermal protective clothing composite fabrics for protection against high temperature liquids and steam must have functions such as high temperature resistance, heat insulation and prevention of high temperature liquid and steam penetration, and usually do not need to have fire protection functions. The present invention belongs to the field of thermal protective clothing composite fabrics, and in particular, relates to a thermal protective clothing composite fabric for protection against high temperature liquids and steam.

[0004] During the construction of tunnels in plateau areas, high ground temperatures (including high rock temperatures and high water temperatures) are often encountered. Among them, high-temperature groundwater usually gushes out in the form of boiling springs, or diffuses in the tunnel as high-temperature steam. The water temperature can reach up to 92.4°C, close to the local boiling point, the high-temperature steam temperature can reach up to 150°C, and the water (gas) pressure can reach up to 2.0MPa. These conditions pose a serious threat to the physical and mental health, work efficiency and safety of construction workers. Specifically, they are manifested in the following points: First, high ground temperature and high-temperature groundwater surges worsen the construction environment, causing the working surface temperature to reach up to 45°C and the humidity value to reach up to 100%, causing great harm to the construction workers. Secondly, when a high-temperature water surge accident occurs, rescue workers must take a series of emergency measures, such as installing drainage pipes, etc., to quickly block the hot water, which often requires personnel to be exposed to a high-temperature hot water environment for more than half an hour. This puts forward special requirements for protective clothing to prevent the penetration of high-temperature liquids and steam.

[0005] In addition, existing protective clothing uses a cooling system to reduce temperature and prevent heatstroke by absorbing the heat generated by the human body, such as air cooling clothing, liquid cooling clothing, phase change cooling clothing, and evaporative cooling clothing. However, these protective equipment do not take into account the complex working conditions where high-temperature hot water and high-temperature steam coexist, and lack dedicated protective equipment, which makes it difficult to protect the health of workers. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a thermal protective clothing composite fabric that can protect against high-temperature liquids and steam with good protection effect and low cost. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0007] A composite fabric for thermal protective clothing against high-temperature liquids and steam, comprising a steam barrier layer, a heat-insulating middle layer and an inner layer arranged in sequence;

[0008] The steam barrier layer is composed of a blended fabric layer formed by chloronitrile, flame-retardant viscose and aramid fibers, and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side of the blended fabric layer;

[0009] The heat-insulating middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and a heat-insulating fiber layer composited on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous vacuum silicon material layer; the porous vacuum silicon material layer is prepared by a vacuum cross-linking, gasification and high-pressure drying preparation process to prepare a porous oxidized vacuum silica material and a polymer skeleton material, and the heat-insulating fiber layer is a heat-insulating fiber plain cloth or a heat-insulating fiber felt;

[0010] The inner layer is a fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending high temperature resistant flame retardant aramid fibers and flame retardant cotton fibers.

[0011] In one embodiment, the blended fabric layer is woven from 40%-50% chloronitrile, 20%-30% flame retardant viscose and 20%-30% aramid fiber blended yarns in a mass ratio.

[0012] In one embodiment, the weight per unit area of ​​the blended fabric layer is 170 to 190 g / m 2 , thickness is 0.5~0.7mm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the porous vacuum silicon material layer has a thickness of 0.3-0.7 mm, a pore diameter of 10-40 nm, a porosity of >97%, a density of <0.03 g / ml, and a minimum thermal conductivity of 0.014 W / m·K.

[0014] In one embodiment, the fiber blended fabric layer is a pipe fabric woven from blended yarns of 65-75% meta-aramid fiber and 25-35% flame-retardant cotton fiber in a mass ratio.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fiber blended fabric layer has a unit area weight of 180 to 220 g / m 2 , thickness is 0.5~0.7mm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the PU film has a thickness of 20 to 40 μm, a pore size of 0.8 μm, and a moisture permeability of >5000 g / (m 2·24h), air permeability>10mm / s.

[0017] In one embodiment, the composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high-temperature liquids and steam has a second-degree burn time of >1200s under the conditions of a hot water temperature of 95°C and a hot water flow rate of 40±1ml / s, and a second-degree burn time of >900s under the conditions of a steam temperature of 100°C and a steam pressure of 50kPa.

[0018] In one embodiment, the skeleton material is an organic fiber material or an inorganic fiber material.

[0019] In one embodiment, the heat-resistant insulation fiber plain cloth is aramid plain cloth, PPS plain cloth or PBO plain cloth, and the heat-resistant insulation fiber felt is aramid fiber felt, PPS fiber felt or PBO fiber felt.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam of the present application has three layers inside and outside, wherein the vapor barrier layer is composed of a blended fabric layer of nitrile chlorofiber, flame retardant viscose and aramid fiber and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side of the blended fabric layer; the heat insulating middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and a heat-insulating fiber layer compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous vacuum silicon material layer, and the inner layer is a fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending high temperature resistant flame retardant aramid fiber and flame retardant cotton fiber. The composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam formed by the multi-layer composite structure has very good high temperature liquid and steam penetration resistance, high temperature resistance and heat insulation functions, can be applied to a high temperature environment of 95°C, and has good wearing comfort. Furthermore, the price of the composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam of the present application is cheap, and the price can be reduced by more than 50% compared with the high temperature liquid and steam protective fabric containing polyimide aerogel material, so it has better functions, lower prices, and is more suitable for large-scale production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and carefully in combination with preferred embodiments below, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0024] A composite fabric for thermal protective clothing against high-temperature liquids and steam in one embodiment comprises a steam barrier layer, a heat insulating middle layer and an inner layer which are arranged in sequence.

[0025] The vapor barrier layer is composed of a blended fabric layer of nylon, flame retardant viscose and aramid fiber and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side of the blended fabric layer. Preferably, the blended fabric layer is woven from 40%-50% nylon, 20%-30% flame retardant viscose and 20%-30% aramid fiber blended yarn in a mass ratio. The unit area weight of the blended fabric layer is 170-190g / m 2 , with a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm. The PTFE membrane passes through the inner side of the high-temperature resistant adhesive blended fabric layer. The PTFE membrane has good steam barrier and high temperature resistance. Furthermore, since the blended fabric layer has high tensile strength, high tear resistance, and good flame retardant and heat insulating properties, the overall tensile and tear resistance of the steam barrier layer is large, and it has good flame retardant and heat insulating properties. The steam barrier layer has a certain heat insulation effect, and has a good flame retardant effect when exposed to flames; the composite PTFE membrane can prevent high-temperature liquids from penetrating the fabric and contacting the skin to cause burns. After the high-temperature steam penetrates into the fabric, it will also condense in the PFTE membrane in advance, away from the skin, to prevent further burns.

[0026] In the above blended fabric layer, nylon fiber has a wool-like feel and high flame retardant properties, is acid-resistant and chemical-resistant, and has a low cost. The use of flame-retardant viscose can enhance the flame retardancy, and the use of aramid can enhance the strength of the blended fabric layer, thereby making the blended fabric layer feel comfortable and have excellent flame retardant and strength properties.

[0027] The heat-insulating middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and a heat-insulating fiber layer composited on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous vacuum silicon material layer. The heat-insulating fiber layer is a heat-insulating fiber plain cloth or a heat-insulating fiber felt. The porous vacuum silicon material layer is prepared by a vacuum cross-linking gasification high-pressure drying preparation process to prepare a porous oxidized vacuum silica material and a polymer skeleton material. The thickness of the porous vacuum silicon material layer is 0.3 to 0.7 mm, the pore diameter is 10 to 40 nm, the porosity is greater than 97%, the density is less than 0.03 g / ml, and the minimum thermal conductivity is 0.014 W / m·K. In this application, the porous vacuum silicon material layer of Meixing is used. The porous vacuum silicon material layer has a porous structure, a uniform surface, and a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.014W / m·K at the lowest. It also has excellent properties such as hydrophobicity, flame retardancy, insulation, and environmental protection. It solves the problem of thermal insulation and further improves the comfort of human body. Compared with traditional thermal insulation materials, the porous vacuum silicon material layer further reduces the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation middle layer. The porous vacuum silicon material layer is composited with thermal insulation fiber plain cloth or thermal insulation fiber felt on the upper and lower surfaces to increase flexibility, improve durability and reusability.

[0028] Preferably, in one embodiment, the skeleton material is an organic fiber material or an inorganic fiber material. Specifically, it can be an organic fiber such as aramid 1313 or polyimide fiber, or an inorganic fiber material such as glass fiber. Preferably, in one embodiment, the heat-resistant insulation fiber plain cloth is an aramid plain cloth, a PPS plain cloth or a PBO plain cloth, and the heat-resistant insulation fiber felt is an aramid fiber felt, a PPS fiber felt or a PBO fiber felt.

[0029] The insulating middle layer uses low-weight plain cloth or fiber felt, which has good protective insulation effect and avoids damage to the insulating middle layer during friction. Since the low-weight plain cloth is thin, the heat transfer can be ignored and does not affect the overall thermal conductivity. Compared with traditional short fiber flakes, the porous vacuum silicon material layer can not only improve the thermal insulation performance, but also reduce the weight, that is, to achieve lightweight high thermal insulation and reduce the clothing load when wearing. Moreover, the overall cost of the insulating middle layer is cheap.

[0030] The inner layer is a fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending high temperature resistant flame retardant aramid fiber and flame retardant cotton fiber. Preferably, the fiber blended fabric layer is a pipe fabric woven from 65-75% meta-aramid fiber and 25-35% flame retardant cotton fiber blended yarn according to a mass ratio. The fiber blended fabric layer has a unit area weight of 180-220 g / m 2 , with a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm. The pipe fabric has excellent flame retardancy and skin-friendliness. Its pipe structure also makes it have good moisture conductivity, increasing its moisture permeability and improving comfort. The use of meta-aramid can enhance the strength and service life of the fabric. The flame-retardant cotton fiber can play a flame retardant role while enhancing comfort and reducing discomfort when in contact with the skin. The fiber blended fabric layer is directly used as the inner layer, which has moisture absorption and perspiration and flame retardancy functions, is more comfortable, and can further improve the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation middle layer.

[0031] Specifically, the composite fabric of thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam has a second degree burn time of >1200s under the conditions of water temperature of 95°C and flow rate of 40±1ml / s, and a second degree burn time of >900s under the conditions of steam temperature of 100°C and steam pressure of 50kPa. According to the test results, it can be seen that the composite fabric of thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam of the present application has excellent performance in protecting against high temperature liquids and high temperature steam.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] A composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam, comprising a steam barrier layer, a heat insulating middle layer and an inner layer arranged in sequence. The thickness is 2.3 mm. The unit area weight is 589.2 g / m 2 , and its insulation value is 1.128.

[0034] The vapor barrier layer is composed of a blended fabric layer of 45% by mass of chloronitrile, 30% of flame retardant viscose and 25% of aramid fiber and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side of the blended fabric layer. The unit area weight of the blended fabric layer is 170g / m 2 , thickness is 0.5mm. Vapor barrier layer unit area weight 173.2g / m 2 .

[0035] The heat-insulating middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and aramid plain cloth compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous vacuum silicon material layer. The porous vacuum silicon material layer is prepared by vacuum cross-linking gasification high-pressure drying preparation process to prepare porous oxidized vacuum silica material and polymer skeleton material. The thickness of the porous vacuum silicon material layer is 0.5mm, the pore diameter is 20nm, the porosity is greater than 97%, the density is 0.02g / mL, and the thermal conductivity value is 0.014W / m·K.

[0036] The inner layer is composed of a pipe fabric fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending 68% by mass of high temperature resistant flame retardant aramid fiber and 32% by mass of flame retardant cotton fiber. The unit weight of the fiber blended fabric layer is 180g / m 2 , thickness is 0.5~0.7mm. The unit area weight of the inner layer is 180g / m 2 .

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] The high temperature resistant flame retardant fiber blended fabric is a pipe fabric woven from a blended yarn consisting of 65-75% by weight of meta-aramid fiber, 10-20% of nylon fiber and 5-15% of flame retardant cotton fiber. s / 2 weaving, unit area weight is 180~220g / m 2 , with a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm. The PU film is compounded on the outer side of the high temperature resistant flame retardant fiber blended fabric 131 by a high temperature resistant adhesive. In this embodiment, the PU film 132 uses the SF33 PU film of Guangzhou Sanfu Chemical Co., Ltd., with a thickness of 20 to 40 μm, a pore size of 0.8 μm, and a moisture permeability of >5000 g / (m 2 ·24h), air permeability>10mm / s.

[0039] The relevant parameters of the composite fabrics and layers of the thermal protection clothing of Example 1 and the comparative example were tested, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0040] Table 1 Test results of the composite fabrics and performance of each layer of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam in the embodiment of the present application

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Table 2 Test results of high temperature liquid and steam protective fabric and each layer performance of comparative example 1

[0044]

[0045] By comparing Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that the applicant continued the research based on the aforementioned research of the inventor, and after accumulating experience and creative labor, successfully developed the thermal protective clothing composite fabric for protection against high-temperature liquids and steam of the present application with better performance and lower cost. The thermal protective clothing composite fabric for protection against high-temperature liquids and steam of the present application has a second-degree burn time of >1200s under the conditions of water temperature of 95°C and flow rate of 40±1ml / s, and a second-degree burn time of >900s under the conditions of steam temperature of 100°C and steam pressure of 50kPa. It is significantly better than the high-temperature liquid and steam protection fabric of Comparative Example 1 in terms of its ability to resist high temperatures and steam. Furthermore, the cost of 1 square meter of the present application is 500 yuan / m 2 , which is much lower than the cost of 1200 yuan per square meter in the reference document. 2 .

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam of the present application has three layers inside and outside, wherein the vapor barrier layer is composed of a blended fabric layer of nitrile chlorofiber, flame retardant viscose and aramid fiber and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side of the blended fabric layer; the heat insulating middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and a heat-resistant fiber plain weave cloth compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous vacuum silicon material layer; the inner layer is a fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending high temperature resistant flame retardant aramid fiber and flame retardant cotton fiber. The composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam formed by the multi-layer composite structure has very good high temperature liquid and steam penetration resistance, high temperature resistance and heat insulation functions, can be applied to high temperature liquid (temperature 95°C) and steam (100°C) environments, and has good wearing comfort. Furthermore, the composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam of the present application is affordable, and compared with the high temperature liquid and steam protective fabric containing polyimide aerogel material, it has better functions, lower prices, and is more suitable for large-scale production.

Claims

1. A composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam, characterized in that: It includes a steam barrier layer, a heat insulating middle layer and an inner layer arranged in sequence; The steam barrier layer is composed of a blended fabric layer formed by chloronitrile, flame-retardant viscose and aramid fibers, and a PTFE film compounded on the inner side of the blended fabric layer; The heat-insulating middle layer is composed of a porous vacuum silicon material layer and a heat-insulating fiber layer composited on the upper and lower surfaces of the porous vacuum silicon material layer; the porous vacuum silicon material layer is prepared by a vacuum cross-linking, gasification and high-pressure drying preparation process to prepare a porous oxidized vacuum silica material and a polymer skeleton material, and the heat-insulating fiber layer is a heat-insulating fiber plain cloth or a heat-insulating fiber felt; The inner layer is a fiber blended fabric layer formed by blending high temperature resistant flame retardant aramid fibers and flame retardant cotton fibers.

2. The composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blended fabric layer is woven from 40%-50% chloronitrile fiber, 20%-30% flame retardant viscose and 20%-30% aramid fiber blended yarn according to the mass ratio.

3. The composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unit area weight of the blended fabric layer is 170-190 g / m 2 , thickness is 0.5~0.7mm.

4. The composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous vacuum silicon material layer has a thickness of 0.3-0.7 mm, a pore diameter of 10-40 nm, a porosity of more than 97%, a density of less than 0.03 g / ml, and a minimum thermal conductivity of 0.014 W / m·K.

5. The composite fabric for thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber blended fabric layer is a pipe fabric woven from blended yarns of 65-75% meta-aramid fiber and 25-35% flame-retardant cotton fiber according to a mass ratio.

6. The composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fiber blended fabric layer has a unit area weight of 180 to 220 g / m 2 , thickness is 0.5~0.7mm.

7. The composite fabric for thermal protective clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite fabric of the thermal protective clothing against high-temperature liquids and steam has a second-degree burn time of >1200s under the conditions of a water temperature of 95°C and a flow rate of 40±1mL / s, and has a second-degree burn time of >900s under the conditions of a steam temperature of 100°C and a steam pressure of 50kPa.

8. The composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skeleton material is an organic fiber material or an inorganic fiber material.

9. The composite fabric for thermal protection clothing against high temperature liquids and steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-resistant insulation fiber plain cloth is aramid plain cloth, PPS plain cloth or PBO plain cloth, and the heat-resistant insulation fiber felt is aramid fiber felt, PPS fiber felt or PBO fiber felt.

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