Milling, cooling and lubricating method of C60 nanocarbon sphere water-based cutting fluid

Abstract

The invention discloses a milling machining cooling and lubricating method of a C60 nanocarbon sphere water-based cutting fluid, and relates to the technical field of milling machining. The C60 nano carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid is prepared by mixing C60 nano carbon sphere particles and a water-based cutting fluid, and carrying out electromagnetic stirring mixing and ultrasonic vibration to obtain the homogeneous and stable water-based cutting fluid. The method is used for milling high-strength metal difficult-to-machine materials for achieving cutting machining. The C60 carbon nanospheres permeate into a friction interface of a cutter and a workpiece along with cutting fluid to form a lubricating liquid dynamic pressure oil film composed of the C60 carbon nanospheres, the viscosity of the lubricating film is improved on the surfaces of the carbon nanosphere particles, the viscosity is increased, so that the oil film is more stable, and the friction and abrasion of the contact surface are smaller; the spherical fullerene C60 nanoparticles convert sliding friction into rolling friction under the action of friction force. The comprehensive action result of the two reduces the friction coefficient of a cutting area, improves the physical characteristics and geometric morphology of a machined surface, reduces tool wear, prolongs the service life of a tool, and improves the machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of milling processing, and in particular to a cooling and lubricating method for milling processing of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the aerospace field, higher requirements are placed on the mechanical properties of important component materials. High-performance metal difficult-to-process materials that can be cut in the aerospace field, such as titanium alloys and nickel-based alloys, have become the main processing materials in key aerospace components. Due to the low thermal conductivity and small elastic modulus of titanium alloys and nickel-based alloys, the cutting force is large and the cutting temperature is high during milling, resulting in rapid tool wear and low surface quality during milling. Therefore, the development of efficient new cutting fluids to meet the needs of milling difficult-to-process materials has become the research focus of R&D personnel in recent years. Water-based cutting fluids have the advantages of wide application range, good cooling performance, environmental friendliness, and low cost. They are suitable for difficult-to-process materials with high cutting temperatures such as titanium alloys and nickel-based alloys. At the same time, water-based cutting fluids have insufficient lubrication performance compared to oil-based cutting fluids. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop an environmentally friendly, non-toxic water-based cutting fluid with good lubrication performance.

[0003] C60 nanocarbon spheres have a unique spherical molecular structure, perfect atomic interface, strong compressive resistance, low surface energy, and higher chemical stability, which can provide good lubrication between friction pairs of objects. Therefore, C60 nanocarbon spheres have great research value and application prospects as a lubricating medium under cutting lubrication conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid for milling of difficult-to-machine materials (such as titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys, etc.) in the aerospace field, aiming to improve the milling efficiency, machining surface quality and tool life by optimizing the composition and application method of the cutting fluid.

[0005] The present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] 1) Preparation of C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid: C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is prepared by a dispersion coupling method, wherein the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is composed of C60 nano-carbon ball particles, original water-based cutting stock fluid, a dispersion coupling agent and deionized water, in terms of volume percentage: C60 nano-carbon ball 0.01% to 0.1%; dispersion coupling agent 0.50% to 2.00%; water-based cutting stock fluid 3.00% to 10.00%; the balance is deionized water;

[0007] 2) Application of C60 nano-carbon sphere cutting fluid: Before milling, empty the cutting fluid in the cooling system and add the C60 nano-carbon sphere cutting fluid prepared in step 1) into the cutting fluid circulation system as the cutting fluid for difficult-to-cut materials; a lubricating film composed of C60 nano-carbon spheres is formed between the tool and the working contact surface to reduce cutting force and cutting heat.

[0008] In step 1), the composition ratio of the C60 nano-carbon spheres is determined according to the specific processing materials and milling processing methods, and can be proportioned through targeted friction and wear tests and cutting processing parameters.

[0009] The C60 carbon nanosphere particles are preferably spherical fullerene C60 particles with a purity of 99.9%. The diameter of the C60 carbon nanosphere particles can be 7Å and the density can be 1.65 ; The density of the original water-based cutting fluid can be 0.95 to 1.15 .

[0010] The dispersing coupling agent is used to prevent the agglomeration and caking of C60 nano-carbon balls; the dispersing coupling agent can adopt sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, which is suitable for the non-toxic water-based cutting fluid for milling of difficult-to-process materials. The dispersing coupling agent prevents the agglomeration and caking of the above-mentioned C60 nano-carbon balls, maintains the stability and coordination of the nano-particle mixture and is not easy to precipitate.

[0011] In step 1), the specific steps of preparing the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid may be:

[0012] Under normal temperature conditions, deionized water, water-based cutting fluid, C60 nano-carbon spheres, and a dispersing coupling agent are mixed and electromagnetically stirred for 2 to 5 hours, and a magnetic field is used to drive a magnetic stirring bar placed in a container to perform circular motion, thereby achieving the purpose of stirring the cutting fluid and the C60 nano-carbon spheres; and after 1 to 3 hours of ultrasonic vibration, the C60 nano-carbon spheres are dispersed and emulsified to prepare a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid; the preparation method has mild conditions, is green and environmentally friendly, has low cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production of non-toxic water-based cutting fluid.

[0013] In step 2), the C60 nano-carbon sphere cutting fluid is added to the cutting fluid circulation system as a cutting fluid for difficult-to-process materials. The specific method can be: before milling, the cutting fluid in the cooling system is emptied, and the C60 nano-carbon sphere cutting fluid is added to the cutting fluid circulation system of the machining center. During the milling process of difficult-to-process materials, the water-based cutting fluid is sprayed into the cutting area, and the C60 nano-carbon spheres in the water-based cutting fluid fully penetrate into the friction interface between the tool and the workpiece. The spherical fullerene C60 nanoparticles have a "ball bearing"-like effect under the action of friction, so that the sliding friction between the contact surface of the tool and the workpiece is converted into rolling friction, thereby reducing the cutting force and cutting heat, and obtaining a processed surface with good physical properties and geometric morphology. The difficult-to-process materials include titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys, and other high-performance metal difficult-to-process materials.

[0014] The present invention provides a method for using cooling lubrication for milling, which can improve the quality of the machining surface, prolong the service life of the tool and improve the machining efficiency, based on the physical properties of difficult-to-machine metal materials. The method is mainly used for milling of difficult-to-machine materials in the aerospace field. The C60 nano-carbon spheres penetrate into the contact surface between the milling cutter and the workpiece or chips along with the cutting fluid, which has important scientific guiding significance and economic value for high-quality and efficient milling.

[0015] Compared with traditional cutting fluid, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention improves the efficiency of milling processing by reducing cutting force and cutting heat. The lubricating effect of C60 nano-carbon spheres reduces the friction between the tool and the workpiece, thereby improving the smoothness and precision of the processed surface. The lubricating and friction-reducing effects of C60 nano-carbon spheres effectively slow down the wear rate of the tool and extend the service life of the tool. The preparation process of C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid is simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly, meeting the requirements of green manufacturing. The method of the present invention can significantly improve the friction reduction and wear resistance of the tool, effectively reduce the cutting force, improve the surface quality and service performance of the product, and increase the service life of the tool, so it has a high application value and market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid in the metal milling process;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the geometric shape of the cutting edge of the end mill;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the microelement of bevel cutting;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of ball-disc friction and wear;

[0021] Figure 5It is the friction coefficient curve under different lubrication conditions;

[0022] Figure 6 The surface morphology of the workpiece with the original cutting fluid;

[0023] Figure 7 The surface morphology of the workpiece with C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of cutting forces during milling lubrication under the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid provided by the present invention and under the original cutting fluid lubrication. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative implementation modes and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention provides a non-toxic water-based nano-cutting fluid suitable for milling of metal difficult-to-process materials, which is characterized by: the particle diameter of the C60 nano-carbon sphere particles is about 1.2nm, and the molecules are hollow spherical structures with a density of 1.65g / cm3, which is close to the density of water, so it is easy to suspend in the water-based cutting fluid through a dispersed coupling preparation method. The unique spherical structure of C60 can withstand extremely high compressive strength; and the C60 nano-carbon sphere particles are resistant to high temperatures, and the carbon sphere structure molecules have extremely high thermal stability, with a melting point of more than 3000°C, so that the C60 nano-carbon spheres do not undergo chemical reactions in the high temperature environment of milling.

[0027] C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is composed of water-based cutting fluid, C60 nano-carbon balls, dispersing coupling agent and deionized water. Under room temperature conditions, when preparing C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid, the above ingredients need to be electromagnetically stirred and mixed for 2 hours and ultrasonically vibrated for 1 hour to ensure that the various ingredients are fully and evenly mixed, so as to prepare a stable C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid.

[0028] According to the weight percentage ratio, it is composed of the following raw materials:

[0029] C60 nano carbon sphere particles 0.01%-0.1%

[0030] Dispersed coupling agent 0.50%-2.00%

[0031] Water-based cutting fluid stock solution 3.00%-10.00%

[0032] Deionized water 87%-96%

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment takes the milling of titanium alloy TC4 workpiece as an example.

[0035] 1. Material preparation:

[0036] C60 nanocarbon spheres: Spherical fullerene C60 particles with a purity of 99.9% are used, with a particle diameter of about 7Å and a density of 1.65g / cm³. These particles exhibit excellent lubrication properties in the friction interface due to their unique molecular structure and physical properties.

[0037] Original water-based cutting fluid: Select the commercially available high-quality water-based cutting fluid Vasco 7000, which has a density of about 1.0g / cm³ and has good cooling performance and certain lubrication performance.

[0038] Dispersing coupling agent: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, a highly efficient and environmentally friendly dispersant, is selected to prevent C60 nano-carbon spheres from agglomerating and caking in the cutting fluid and maintain the stability and dispersibility of the nanoparticles.

[0039] Deionized water: As the solvent of cutting fluid, it ensures the purity and stability of cutting fluid.

[0040] 2. Preparation of cutting fluid:

[0041] The proportions are as follows: 0.05% C60 nano-carbon spheres, 1.0% dispersing coupling agent, 5.0% water-based cutting stock fluid, and the rest is deionized water. At room temperature, pour the water-based cutting stock fluid into a container filled with deionized water and stir it with an electromagnetic stirrer at a moderate speed to ensure that all components are fully mixed. Slowly add C60 nano-carbon spheres and dispersing coupling agent to the mixture and continue electromagnetic stirring for 5 hours to evenly disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres in the cutting fluid. Use an ultrasonic vibrator to perform ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cutting fluid for 2 hours to further disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres and form a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid.

[0042] 3. Experimental results: Compared with the original cutting fluid under the same cutting parameters, the cutting force of C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is reduced by about 22.83%, and the cutting temperature is reduced by about 14.2%. The surface quality of the titanium alloy material after processing is significantly improved, and the surface roughness is reduced by about 23%. The tool life is extended by more than 50%, reducing the number of tool changes and downtime.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment is similar to the embodiment 1, except that the ratio of C60 nano-carbon spheres, the dispersion coupling agent and the water-based cutting fluid is adjusted to adapt to the milling process of the nickel-based alloy material GH4169.

[0045] 1. Material preparation:

[0046] The selection of C60 nano-carbon spheres, original water-based cutting stock fluid, dispersing coupling agent and deionized water is the same as that in Example 1.

[0047] 2. Preparation of cutting fluid:

[0048] The proportions are as follows: 0.08% C60 nano-carbon spheres, 1.0% dispersion coupling agent, 7.0% water-based cutting stock fluid, and the rest is deionized water. At room temperature, deionized water, water-based cutting stock fluid, and dispersion coupling agent are mixed in a container, and stirred with an electromagnetic stirrer at a moderate stirring speed to ensure that the components are fully mixed. Slowly add C60 nano-carbon spheres to the mixed solution, and continue electromagnetic stirring for 2 hours to evenly disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres in the cutting fluid. Use an ultrasonic vibrator to perform ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cutting fluid for 1 hour to further disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres and form a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid.

[0049] 3. Experimental results: The cutting force and cutting temperature are effectively controlled. Compared with the original cutting fluid, the cutting force is reduced by about 19.6% and the cutting temperature is reduced by about 14.3%. The surface quality of the processed nickel-based alloy material is good, and the surface roughness is reduced by about 23.5%. The tool wear rate is significantly slowed down, and the tool life is extended by about 35%.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Similar to Example 1, the difference is that the ratio of C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is: C60 nano-carbon ball 0.01%, dispersing coupling agent 0.5%, water-based cutting stock fluid 7.0%, and the rest is deionized water. It is suitable for processing cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy Co28Cr6Mo.

[0052] 1. Material preparation:

[0053] The selection of C60 nano-carbon spheres, original water-based cutting stock fluid, dispersing coupling agent and deionized water is the same as that in Example 1.

[0054] 2. Preparation of cutting fluid:

[0055] The proportions are as follows: 0.08% C60 nano-carbon spheres, 1.0% dispersion coupling agent, 5.0% water-based cutting stock fluid, and the rest is deionized water. At room temperature, deionized water, water-based cutting stock fluid, and dispersion coupling agent are mixed in a container, and stirred with an electromagnetic stirrer at a moderate speed to ensure that the components are fully mixed. Slowly add C60 nano-carbon spheres to the mixed solution, and continue electromagnetic stirring for 2 hours to evenly disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres in the cutting fluid. Use an ultrasonic vibrator to perform ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cutting fluid for 1 hour to further disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres and form a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid.

[0056] 3. Experimental results: When C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is used in the milling of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy Co28Cr6Mo, the cutting force is reduced by about 7.5% compared with the original cutting fluid.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] Similar to Example 1, the difference is that the ratio of C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is: C60 nano-carbon ball 0.05%, dispersing coupling agent 1.0%, water-based cutting stock fluid 5.0%, and the rest is deionized water. It is suitable for milling aluminum alloy 7075 workpieces.

[0059] 1. Material preparation:

[0060] The selection of C60 nano-carbon spheres, original water-based cutting stock fluid, dispersing coupling agent and deionized water is the same as that in Example 1.

[0061] 2. Preparation of cutting fluid:

[0062] The proportions are as follows: 0.08% C60 nano-carbon spheres, 1.0% dispersion coupling agent, 5.0% water-based cutting stock fluid, and the rest is deionized water. At room temperature, deionized water, water-based cutting stock fluid, and dispersion coupling agent are mixed in a container, and stirred with an electromagnetic stirrer at a moderate speed to ensure that the components are fully mixed. Slowly add C60 nano-carbon spheres to the mixed solution, and continue electromagnetic stirring for 2 hours to evenly disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres in the cutting fluid. Use an ultrasonic vibrator to perform ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cutting fluid for 1 hour to further disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres and form a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid.

[0063] 3. Experimental results: When C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is used in the milling of aluminum alloy 7075, the cutting force is reduced by about 35.14% compared with the original cutting fluid.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] Similar to Example 1, the difference is that the ratio of C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is: C60 nano-carbon ball 0.1%, dispersing coupling agent 2.0%, water-based cutting stock fluid is changed to 10.0% of Amorin 607, and the rest is deionized water. It is suitable for milling high-strength gear steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA.

[0066] 1. Material preparation:

[0067] The selection of C60 nano-carbon spheres, original water-based cutting stock fluid, dispersing coupling agent and deionized water is the same as that in Example 1.

[0068] 2. Preparation of cutting fluid:

[0069] The proportions are as follows: 0.08% C60 nano-carbon spheres, 1.0% dispersion coupling agent, 5.0% water-based cutting stock fluid, and the rest is deionized water. At room temperature, deionized water, water-based cutting stock fluid, and dispersion coupling agent are mixed in a container, and stirred with an electromagnetic stirrer at a moderate speed to ensure that the components are fully mixed. Slowly add C60 nano-carbon spheres to the mixed solution, and continue electromagnetic stirring for 2 hours to evenly disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres in the cutting fluid. Use an ultrasonic vibrator to perform ultrasonic vibration treatment on the cutting fluid for 1 hour to further disperse the C60 nano-carbon spheres and form a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid.

[0070] 3. Experimental results: C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid was used for milling of high-strength gear steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA. The peak cutting force of the original cutting fluid was 280N, and the peak cutting force of the water-based cutting fluid additive was 217.3N, which was 22.5% lower than that of the original cutting fluid.

[0071] The present invention can use the C60 nano carbon ball water-based cutting fluid in the milling of difficult-to-process materials such as nickel-based alloys, titanium alloys, and aluminum alloys. Figure 1 As shown, the C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is sprayed into the cutting position of the milling cutter to play a role in lubrication and friction reduction. In particular, the C60 nano-carbon balls can penetrate into the friction contact area between the tool and the workpiece. The C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid forms an anti-wear protective film on the sliding surface of the tool and the chip. The anti-wear film can effectively reduce the stress in the adhesion, sliding and friction areas during the chip removal process, thereby shortening the tool / chip contact length, preventing the tool from generating built-up edge, and achieving the effect of reducing cutting force and cutting heat.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a spiral cylindrical end mill. The blade envelope is a spiral cylinder, which divides the cutting edge of the end mill into multiple bevel cutting micro-elements along the axial cutting depth direction. The milling process of the end mill is a combination of the rotation motion of the milling cutter and the direction of the feed motion, resulting in the actual cutting edge trajectory being a spiral cycloid.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the micro-element of bevel cutting. Due to the existence of the helix angle of the end mill, the divided multiple micro-units are regarded as the cutting edges of bevel cutting, and the cutting edge inclination angle Equal to the helix angle of the end mill. For each infinitesimal unit of inclined cutting, the oblique cutting theory can be applied to calculate the stress and strain of the micro-element unit, and then the instantaneous total cutting force of the milling cutter can be calculated by adding these unit cutting forces. The oblique cutting mechanics theory is analyzed. The key to the milling force is to calculate the shear surface flow stress, shear angle and shear temperature, establish the material control equation, tool model and cutting temperature model, and obtain the corresponding cutting force through numerical iteration. According to the principle of slippage on the plane with the least energy consumption, the shear angle is calculated as:

[0074]

[0075] in is the shear angle, is the average friction angle, The front blade angle.

[0076]

[0077] is the average friction coefficient between the milling cutter and the workpiece material, which can be obtained through friction and wear experiments. When the cutting is stable, the forces acting on the chips are balanced, such as Figure 3 As shown, we can get:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] in is the friction force along the rake face and the normal force perpendicular to the rake face The combined force of is the shear force along the principal shear plane and the normal force perpendicular to the principal shear plane Assume that the shear stress on the main shear surface of the shear zone is is evenly distributed and the shear force and shear stress Proportional. Indicates the cutting thickness, represents the cutting width, and the shear force can be obtained from the flow stress on the main shear surface:

[0081]

[0082] It can be seen from the above formula that the friction coefficient directly determines the shear angle and friction force during milling. Using a cutting fluid with a small friction coefficient and good thermal conductivity can effectively reduce the cutting force and cutting heat.

[0083] Specific application examples are given below.

[0084] According to the mass fraction of nanoparticles in the water-based cutting fluid, the contents were respectively proportioned to 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% and 0.05%. The water-based cutting stock fluid was added to deionized water, and then C60 nano-carbon ball graphene particles and dispersion coupling agent were added to the water-based cutting fluid. An electromagnetic stirrer was used for 2 hours of electromagnetic stirring and mixing, and ultrasonic vibration was performed for 1 hour to ensure that the various components were fully and evenly mixed, so that a uniform and stable C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid could be prepared.

[0085] After testing, the C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid can be stable at room temperature for more than one month, and the C60 nano-carbon balls do not settle or agglomerate. In addition, the cutting fluid has no irritating odor, does not contain additives that are harmful to the human body, and does not corrode the operator's body.

[0086] The present invention provides a milling cooling and lubricating method using C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid. During milling, the prepared C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is added to the cutting fluid circulation system of the machining center. The C60 nano-carbon balls penetrate into the cutting area along with the water-based cutting fluid. Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the C60 nano-carbon balls play a lubricating role in the cutting friction area. The prepared C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid is mainly used in the difficult-to-process material processing occasions of aerospace.

[0087] In order to prove the friction reduction effect of the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid prepared in the example, a ball-disc friction and wear test was performed. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the friction coefficient under different cutting fluid lubrication conditions is obtained. The test load is 50 N and the speed is 200 r / min. Comparing and analyzing the test results in Figure 5, the average friction coefficient under the action of C60 nanoparticle cutting fluid is reduced by 22.3% compared with the original cutting fluid. In addition, the friction coefficient curve of the original cutting fluid has an unstable fluctuation trend, while the friction curve under the lubrication of C60 nanoparticle cutting fluid is more stable, and the average reduction of C60 nanoparticles is 14.4%. In addition, after adding C60 nanoparticle additives, the kinematic viscosity of the cutting fluid increases from 1100Pa.s to 2800Pa.s. The increase in the viscosity of the cutting fluid helps to form a protective film on the metal surface, effectively reducing the friction coefficient, reducing tool wear, and improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0088] The milling experiment was conducted on GH4169 nickel-based alloy workpieces, using C60 nano-cutting fluid and original cutting fluid in the experimental group. The tool was made of cemented carbide, the cutting speed was 60m / s, the feed per tooth was 0.01mm / z, the cutting depth was 1mm, and the cutting width was 2mm. The three-dimensional height cloud map is shown in Figure 6 and 7As shown, the workpiece surfaces are relatively flat, and the processed surfaces have obvious peaks and troughs, which show regular changes. The surface of the workpiece lubricated by the original cutting fluid has a maximum of 13.28μm and a minimum of -7.7μm, with a roughness Ra=0.39μm. After using the C60 nanoparticle cutting fluid, the workpiece surface has a maximum of 7.22μm and a minimum of -6.42μm, with a roughness Ra=0.3μm. The height of the peak becomes lower, the depth of the trough also becomes shallower, the peaks and troughs show a gentle trend, and the surface roughness decreases. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the cutting force of C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is reduced by 19.6% and the cutting temperature is reduced by 21.2% compared with the original water-based cutting fluid. The spherical structure of C60 nano-carbon ball has a "ball bearing"-like effect, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, which significantly improves the cutting performance, which will help to prolong the tool life and improve the surface quality of the machined surface.

[0089] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A milling cooling and lubrication method using a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Preparation of C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid: C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is prepared by a dispersion coupling method, wherein the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is composed of C60 nano-carbon ball particles, original water-based cutting stock fluid, a dispersion coupling agent and deionized water, in terms of volume percentage: C60 nano-carbon ball 0.01% to 0.1%; dispersion coupling agent 0.50% to 2.00%; water-based cutting stock fluid 3.00% to 10.00%; the balance is deionized water; 2) Application of C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid: Before milling, empty the cutting fluid in the cooling system and add the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid prepared in step 1) into the cutting fluid circulation system as the cutting fluid for difficult-to-cut materials; the cutting fluid is sprayed into the cutting area, and the C60 nano-carbon balls penetrate into the friction interface between the tool and the workpiece along with the cutting fluid, forming a lubricating film composed of C60 nano-carbon balls, which plays a lubricating and friction-reducing role.

2. A milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the composition ratio of the C60 nano-carbon spheres is determined according to the specific processing materials and milling processing methods, and is proportioned through targeted friction and wear tests and cutting processing parameters.

3. The milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the C60 nano carbon sphere particles are spherical fullerene C60 particles with a purity of 99.9%.

4. The milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the diameter of the C60 carbon nanosphere particles is 7Å and the density is 1.65 .

5. A milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the density of the original water-based cutting fluid is 0.95 to 1.15 .

6. A milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the dispersion coupling agent is used to prevent the C60 nano-carbon balls from agglomerating and caking in the cutting fluid, and to maintain the stability and dispersibility of the nano-particles. The dispersion coupling agent is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

7. A milling cooling and lubrication method of a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the specific steps of preparing the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid are: Under normal temperature conditions, deionized water, water-based cutting fluid, C60 nano-carbon spheres, and a dispersing coupling agent are mixed and electromagnetically stirred for 2 to 5 hours, and a magnetic field is used to drive a magnetic stirring bar placed in a container to perform circular motion, thereby achieving the purpose of stirring the cutting fluid and the C60 nano-carbon spheres; and after 1 to 3 hours of ultrasonic vibration, the C60 nano-carbon spheres are dispersed and emulsified to prepare a homogeneous and stable C60 nano-carbon sphere water-based cutting fluid; the preparation method has mild conditions, is green and environmentally friendly, has low cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production of non-toxic water-based cutting fluid.

8. A milling cooling and lubrication method of C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that The mixing electromagnetic stirring time is 2 to 5 hours, preferably 2 hours.

9. A milling cooling and lubrication method of C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that The ultrasonic vibration time is 1 to 3 hours, preferably 1 hour.

10. A milling cooling and lubrication method using a C60 nano-carbon ball water-based cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In step 2), the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is added to the cutting fluid circulation system as a cutting fluid for difficult-to-process materials. The specific method is: before milling, the cutting fluid in the cooling system is emptied, and the C60 nano-carbon ball cutting fluid is added to the cutting fluid circulation system of the machining center. During the milling process of difficult-to-process materials, the water-based cutting fluid is sprayed into the cutting area, and the C60 nano-carbon balls in the water-based cutting fluid fully penetrate into the friction interface between the tool and the workpiece. The spherical fullerene C60 nanoparticles have a "ball bearing"-like effect under the action of friction, so that the sliding friction between the contact surface of the tool and the workpiece is converted into rolling friction, thereby reducing the cutting force and cutting heat, and obtaining a processed surface with good physical properties and geometric morphology; the difficult-to-process materials include high-performance metal difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys and nickel-based alloys.

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