Construction method of bamboo-wood mixed structure building

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a bamboo-wood mixed structure building, and relates to the technical field of building construction. The bamboo-wood mixed structure building construction method comprises the following steps that S1, materials are prepared and treated, specifically, a, bamboo wood selection and processing are conducted, specifically, bamboo wood which is 3-5 years old, free of obvious diseases and insect pests and uniform in texture is selected and cut off, bamboo green and tabasheer are removed, and then the bamboo wood is processed into the required specification and size; b, wood selection and treatment, wherein high-quality wood with the water content being 12%-18% is selected, dried and then cut into beams, columns, plates and other components; c, anti-corrosion and anti-insect treatment, wherein the bamboo wood and the wood are soaked in a special anti-corrosion and anti-insect agent for no less than 24 hours. Bamboo wood which is 3-5 years old, free of plant diseases and insect pests and uniform in texture is carefully selected, bamboo green and tabasheer are removed, and the bamboo wood is processed into appropriate specifications; the high-quality wood with the specific water content range (12%-18%) is selected as the wood, the wood is dried and then cut into components, and the performance of the bamboo materials is guaranteed from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a construction method for a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the application of bamboo and wood materials in the construction field is gradually attracting widespread attention. Bamboo and wood have become the leaders of green building materials due to their renewability, environmental protection, light weight and high strength.

[0003] At present, the construction of bamboo-wood hybrid structure buildings lacks a systematic and efficient method, and there are deficiencies in material processing, connection technology, and structural stability assurance, which easily lead to problems such as uneven building quality and poor durability. For example, improper control of the moisture content of bamboo and wood will cause deformation and cracking, and loose connection nodes will affect the safety of the overall structure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a complete construction method for bamboo-wood hybrid structure buildings. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method for bamboo-wood hybrid structure buildings, which solves the technical problems raised in the above background technology that the current construction of bamboo-wood hybrid structure buildings lacks a systematic and efficient method, and has deficiencies in material processing, connection technology, structural stability assurance, etc., which easily lead to uneven building quality, poor durability and other technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Material preparation and processing:

[0007] a. Selection and processing of bamboo materials: Select bamboo materials that are 3-5 years old, free of obvious pests and diseases, and of uniform texture. Cut and remove the green and yellow bamboos, and then process them into the required specifications and sizes.

[0008] b. Timber selection and processing: Select high-quality timber with a moisture content of 12%-18%, dry it, and cut it into beams, columns, boards and other components;

[0009] c. Anti-corrosion and anti-insect treatment: Soak the bamboo and wood in special anti-corrosion and anti-insect agents for no less than 24 hours, take them out and dry them;

[0010] S2. Foundation construction: a. Site leveling; b. Foundation excavation; c. Foundation pouring;

[0011] S3. Main structure construction:

[0012] a. Column installation: install wooden or bamboo columns according to the designed position, connect the column foot to the foundation with embedded bolts or grouting, and use the theodolite and level to correct the verticality and horizontality;

[0013] b. Beam installation: Assemble bamboo beams and wooden beams. Use special metal connectors or mortise and tenon joints to connect beams and columns. Metal connectors require drilling and installation and tightening bolts. Mortise and tenon joints require accurate dimensions and tight fit and are reinforced with wooden wedges.

[0014] c. Wall construction: Use bamboo woven walls or wooden board walls. Bamboo woven walls are made by weaving bamboo strips into a mesh and then applying cement mortar on both sides. Wooden board walls are made by splicing and fixing wooden boards on a wooden frame and leaving expansion joints to be filled with sealant.

[0015] d. Floor construction: bamboo wood floor or wooden floor is used. Bamboo wood floor is fixed after laying keels on the beams. Wooden floor is spliced ​​with tongue and groove boards and connected to the beams with nails or bolts.

[0016] S4. Roof construction:

[0017] a. Roof truss construction: Use bamboo and wood mixed structure to build the roof truss, and each rod is connected by welding, bolts or mortise and tenon joints to ensure that the roof truss is reliably connected to the wall or column;

[0018] b. Roofing: After laying waterproof materials on the roof frame, lay roof tiles. Roof tiles should be made of bamboo tiles or traditional tiles, and the tiles should be tightly overlapped and fixed with nails;

[0019] S5. Decoration and protection: a. Surface treatment: b. Installation of protective facilities.

[0020] Preferably, the site leveling in step S2 includes clearing the site debris, weeds and soft soil layers and compacting them; the foundation excavation includes mechanically excavating the foundation pit after positioning and laying out the lines, reserving a margin for manual trimming, and removing accumulated water; the foundation pouring includes laying the cushion concrete, tying the steel bars after it reaches the required strength, installing the formwork, and pouring the foundation concrete, pouring in layers, and vibrating to make it dense.

[0021] Preferably, the surface treatment in step S5 includes grinding and polishing the surface of the bamboo and wood components and then painting or waxing them; the installation of protective facilities includes installing doors, windows, and railings. The doors and windows use wooden or bamboo frames and the glass is firmly installed and well sealed. The height and spacing of the railings meet safety regulations and are made of solid bamboo and wood materials and are firmly installed.

[0022] Preferably, the bolt tightening torque of the metal connector in the beam frame installation is not less than 90% of the design value.

[0023] Preferably, the weaving density of the bamboo strips of the bamboo woven wall is not less than 8 bamboo strips per square decimeter.

[0024] Preferably, the thickness of the roof waterproofing material is not less than 3 mm.

[0025] Preferably, the moisture content of the wood or bamboo material of the door and window frame is not higher than 15%.

[0026] Compared with the related art, the bamboo-wood hybrid structure construction method provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention provides a construction method for a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building. For bamboo materials, bamboo materials that are 3-5 years old, free of pests and diseases, and of uniform material are carefully selected, and the green and yellow bamboos are removed and processed into suitable specifications; for wood, high-quality wood with a specific moisture content range (12%-18%) is selected, and components are cut after drying, and both are soaked in a special antiseptic and insect repellent for no less than 24 hours. The precise material selection and processing methods effectively solve the problem of uneven building quality caused by unstable material quality, ensure the performance of bamboo and wood materials from the source, and lay a solid foundation for the durability of the building. Compared with the traditional construction method that lacks systematic processing, the reliability of the material in the building structure is greatly improved.

[0028] 2. The present invention provides a construction method for a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building, in which the connection method in the main structure construction is scientifically and reasonably designed; the columns and the foundation are connected by embedded bolts or grouting, and are accurately calibrated with the help of a theodolite and a level to ensure the verticality and horizontality of the column installation, so that the vertical bearing capacity is guaranteed; the installation of the beam frame has strict requirements whether it is a special metal connector or a mortise and tenon connection, the bolt tightening torque of the metal connector is not less than 90% of the design value, the mortise and tenon connection has accurate dimensions and fits tightly and is reinforced with wooden wedges; these connection processes effectively enhance the firmness of the beam-column connection, and compared with the previous construction with loose connections, it can better cope with various load effects during the use of the building, reduce structural safety hazards, and significantly improve the stability and safety of the overall structure of the building.

[0029] 3. The present invention provides a construction method for a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building. The roof truss is constructed by using a variety of reliable connection methods to ensure a firm connection with the wall or column, which can effectively bear the roof load and transfer it to the main structure. The roof is first laid with a waterproof material with a thickness of not less than 3 mm, and then bamboo tiles or traditional tiles that are tightly overlapped and fixed with nails are laid. This double-layer protection roof laying method can effectively prevent rainwater leakage. Compared with the traditional construction method with imperfect waterproof measures, it greatly improves the waterproof performance of the roof, reduces the damage to the building structure caused by rainwater erosion, extends the service life of the roof and even the entire building, and enhances the durability of the building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a technical solution: a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1. Material preparation and processing:

[0033] a. Selection and processing of bamboo materials: Select bamboo materials that are 3-5 years old, free of obvious pests and diseases, and of uniform texture. Cut and remove the green and yellow bamboos, and then process them into the required specifications and sizes.

[0034] b. Timber selection and processing: Select high-quality timber with a moisture content of 12%-18%, dry it, and cut it into beams, columns, boards and other components;

[0035] c. Anti-corrosion and anti-insect treatment: Soak the bamboo and wood in special anti-corrosion and anti-insect agents for no less than 24 hours, take them out and dry them;

[0036] S2. Foundation construction: a. Site leveling; b. Foundation excavation; c. Foundation pouring;

[0037] S3. Main structure construction:

[0038] a. Column installation: install wooden or bamboo columns according to the designed position, connect the column foot to the foundation with embedded bolts or grouting, and use the theodolite and level to correct the verticality and horizontality;

[0039] b. Beam installation: Assemble bamboo beams and wooden beams. Use special metal connectors or mortise and tenon joints to connect beams and columns. Metal connectors require drilling and installation and tightening bolts. Mortise and tenon joints require accurate dimensions and tight fit and are reinforced with wooden wedges.

[0040] c. Wall construction: Use bamboo woven walls or wooden board walls. Bamboo woven walls are made by weaving bamboo strips into a mesh and then applying cement mortar on both sides. Wooden board walls are made by splicing and fixing wooden boards on a wooden frame and leaving expansion joints to be filled with sealant.

[0041] d. Floor construction: bamboo wood floor or wooden floor is used. Bamboo wood floor is fixed after laying keels on the beams. Wooden floor is spliced ​​with tongue and groove boards and connected to the beams with nails or bolts.

[0042] S4. Roof construction:

[0043] a. Roof truss construction: Use bamboo and wood mixed structure to build the roof truss, and each rod is connected by welding, bolts or mortise and tenon joints to ensure that the roof truss is reliably connected to the wall or column;

[0044] b. Roofing: After laying waterproof materials on the roof frame, lay roof tiles. Roof tiles should be made of bamboo tiles or traditional tiles, and the tiles should be tightly overlapped and fixed with nails;

[0045] S5. Decoration and protection: a. Surface treatment: b. Installation of protective facilities.

[0046] Among them, the site leveling in step S2 includes clearing the site debris, weeds and soft soil layers and compacting them; the foundation excavation includes mechanically excavating the foundation pit after positioning and laying out the lines, reserving a margin for manual trimming, and removing accumulated water; the foundation pouring includes laying the cushion concrete, tying the steel bars after it reaches the required strength, installing the formwork and pouring the foundation concrete, pouring in layers, and vibrating to make it dense.

[0047] In this implementation plan, debris, weeds and loose soil are cleared and compacted to create a stable working surface, enhance foundation bearing capacity, prevent foundation settlement, facilitate construction operations and traffic, reduce safety risks, and ensure smooth construction and structural stability.

[0048] After positioning and laying out, mechanical excavation and reservation of manual trimming allowance are carried out to accurately determine the position and shape of the foundation and ensure dimensional accuracy; removing accumulated water can avoid softening of the foundation soil, reduced load bearing and concrete pouring problems, ensure good bonding between the foundation and the foundation soil, and maintain the quality and stability of the foundation.

[0049] The laying of cushion concrete provides an operating platform and disperses the upper load. After it reaches the required strength, the subsequent processes are carried out to ensure the accuracy of steel bar binding and formwork installation. Layered pouring and vibrating compaction can control the pouring process, prevent concrete segregation, expel bubbles, enhance the combination of concrete with steel bars and pit walls, improve foundation strength, impermeability and integrity, and ensure reliable foundation bearing.

[0050] Among them, the surface treatment in step S5 includes grinding and polishing the surface of the bamboo and wood components and then painting or wood wax oil; the installation of protective facilities includes installing doors, windows, and railings. The doors and windows use wooden or bamboo frames and the glass is firmly installed and well sealed. The height and spacing of the railings meet safety regulations and are made of solid bamboo and wood materials and are firmly installed.

[0051] Among them, the bolt tightening torque of the metal connecting parts in the beam frame installation shall not be less than 90% of the design value.

[0052] In this implementation scheme, sufficient bolt tightening torque can make the metal connectors fit tightly against the beams and columns, effectively transfer and disperse the load borne by the beam frame, avoid local stress concentration in the structure due to loose connections, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the entire beam frame structure and the main structure of the building, and preventing structural deformation or even collapse accidents caused by connection failure.

[0053] Among them, the weaving density of bamboo strips of the bamboo wall is not less than 8 bamboo strips per square decimeter.

[0054] In this embodiment, the higher weaving density increases the interweaving and constraint between the bamboo strips, so that the bamboo wall can withstand greater vertical pressure and lateral thrust. During the use of the building, whether it is its own gravity or the wind force, impact force, etc. imposed by the external environment, it can be more effectively resisted by the wall, reducing the possibility of wall deformation and damage, and ensuring the stability and safety of the interior space of the building. The densely woven bamboo strips form a relatively uniform and continuous force system, which enhances the integrity of the bamboo wall.

[0055] Among them, the thickness of the roof waterproofing material shall not be less than 3mm.

[0056] In this embodiment, sufficient thickness of waterproof material can effectively block the penetration of rainwater, and can maintain a good waterproof barrier even in the case of long-term rain scouring, water immersion, and thermal expansion and contraction of roofing materials. Reduce the risk of roof leakage, protect the internal structure, decorative materials and electrical equipment of the building from damage caused by rainwater erosion, reduce the maintenance cost caused by leakage and the impact on the normal use of the building, and maintain the use function and comfort of the building. Improve durability: thicker waterproof materials generally have better weather resistance, aging resistance and puncture resistance

[0057] Among them, the moisture content of wood or bamboo materials of door and window frames is not higher than 15%.

[0058] In this embodiment, the moisture content is controlled within a relatively low range, which can reduce the shrinkage and swelling of wood or bamboo due to changes in moisture content. Under different seasons and environmental humidity conditions, the door and window frames can maintain a relatively stable size and shape, avoid excessive deformation that causes doors and windows to close loosely, reduce sealing performance, and cracking that affects the strength and aesthetics of doors and windows, thereby ensuring the normal use function and service life of doors and windows. Appropriate moisture content helps maintain the physical properties of wood or bamboo, so that the door and window frames can maintain good nail holding force and connection strength when connected with glass, hardware accessories, etc.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bamboo-wood hybrid structure construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Material preparation and processing: a. Selection and processing of bamboo materials: Select bamboo materials that are 3-5 years old, free of obvious pests and diseases, and of uniform texture. Cut and remove the green and yellow bamboos, and then process them into the required specifications and sizes. b. Timber selection and processing: Select high-quality timber with a moisture content of 12%-18%, dry it, and cut it into beams, columns, boards and other components; c. Anti-corrosion and anti-insect treatment: Soak the bamboo and wood in special anti-corrosion and anti-insect agents for no less than 24 hours, take them out and dry them; S2. Foundation construction: a. Site leveling; b. Foundation excavation; c. Foundation pouring; S3. Main structure construction: a. Column installation: install wooden or bamboo columns according to the designed position, connect the column foot to the foundation with embedded bolts or grouting, and use the theodolite and level to correct the verticality and horizontality; b. Beam installation: Assemble bamboo beams and wooden beams. Use special metal connectors or mortise and tenon joints to connect beams and columns. Metal connectors require drilling and installation and tightening bolts. Mortise and tenon joints require accurate dimensions and tight fit and are reinforced with wooden wedges. c. Wall construction: Use bamboo woven walls or wooden board walls. Bamboo woven walls are made by weaving bamboo strips into a mesh and then applying cement mortar on both sides. Wooden board walls are made by splicing and fixing wooden boards on a wooden frame and leaving expansion joints to be filled with sealant. d. Floor construction: bamboo wood floor or wooden floor is used. Bamboo wood floor is fixed after laying keels on the beams. Wooden floor is spliced ​​with tongue and groove boards and connected to the beams with nails or bolts. S4. Roof construction: a. Roof truss construction: Use bamboo and wood mixed structure to build the roof truss, and each rod is connected by welding, bolts or mortise and tenon joints to ensure that the roof truss is reliably connected to the wall or column; b. Roofing: After laying waterproof materials on the roof frame, lay roof tiles. Roof tiles should be made of bamboo tiles or traditional tiles, and the tiles should be tightly overlapped and fixed with nails; S5. Decoration and protection: a. Surface treatment: b. Installation of protective facilities.

2. A bamboo-wood hybrid structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, site leveling includes clearing debris, weeds and soft soil layers on the site and compacting them; foundation excavation includes mechanically excavating foundation pits after positioning and laying out, reserving margins for manual trimming, and removing accumulated water; foundation pouring includes laying cushion concrete, tying steel bars after it reaches sufficient strength, installing formwork, and pouring foundation concrete, pouring in layers, and vibrating to compact it.

3. A bamboo-wood hybrid structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface treatment in step S5 includes grinding and polishing the surface of the bamboo and wood components and then applying paint or wood wax oil; the installation of protective facilities includes installing doors, windows and railings. The doors and windows use wooden or bamboo frames and the glass is firmly installed and well sealed. The height and spacing of the railings meet safety regulations and are made of solid bamboo and wood materials and are firmly installed.

4. A bamboo-wood hybrid structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt tightening torque of the metal connecting parts in the beam frame installation is not less than 90% of the design value.

5. The construction method of a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weaving density of the bamboo strips of the bamboo woven wall is not less than 8 bamboo strips per square decimeter.

6. The method for constructing a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the roof waterproof material is not less than 3mm.

7. The construction method of a bamboo-wood hybrid structure building according to claim 3 is characterized by: The moisture content of the wood or bamboo material of the door and window frame is not higher than 15%.