Safety monitoring system and monitoring method for large-gradient shield launching reaction frame

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety monitoring system and monitoring method for a large-gradient shield launching reaction frame, and the system comprises a reaction frame, and also comprises a monitoring unit and a control host. The counter-force frame comprises a counter-force frame body and a supporting frame body, and the supporting frame body is located on the back face of the counter-force frame body; the monitoring unit is arranged on the surfaces of the reaction frame body and the supporting frame body and is used for monitoring physical parameters of the reaction frame body and the supporting frame body in real time and transmitting monitoring data to the control host in real time; a data processing unit, a three-dimensional display unit and an alarm unit are arranged in the control host. The method has the beneficial effects that the deformation condition of the reaction frame in the launching process can be presented more visually and accurately, so that deformation abnormity of the reaction frame can be found in time, reinforcement measures can be taken in time, potential safety hazards in the construction process are reduced, and the construction efficiency and the engineering quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of large-slope shield monitoring, and in particular to a large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] The start of shield construction is a key node in tunnel engineering. The reaction frame is a device that provides reaction force for the shield to advance during the start of shield construction, and directly affects the excavation posture of the shield machine at the start of construction. Since the mass of the shield machine is very large, the reaction force at the start of the shield is also very large. During this process, the reaction frame cannot be offset or deformed significantly, otherwise it will cause the negative ring segment to deform and affect the start of the shield. This requires the reaction frame to have sufficient bearing capacity and stability, especially under the condition of large slope start, the force on the reaction frame is more complicated than the horizontal start, and the factors affecting the stability of the reaction frame increase. Therefore, in order to ensure that the shield can be smoothly advanced at the start, while maintaining the stability of the tunnel axis and preventing deviation, the safe monitoring and control of the reaction frame during the start of the shield is crucial.

[0003] At present, the main monitoring method for the reaction frame of the shield machine is numerical simulation. Numerical simulation simulates the stress condition of the reaction frame when the shield machine starts excavation by modeling the reaction frame. The reaction frame needs to be reinforced before starting, but numerical simulation often cannot completely restore the on-site construction environment and cannot avoid emergencies; the overall deformation observation of the reaction frame is not intuitive enough, and some parts of the reaction frame cannot be monitored due to construction conditions. Especially under the starting conditions of large slopes, the monitoring conditions are more difficult and the abnormal excavation posture of the shield machine cannot be discovered in time.

[0004] Therefore, providing a safety monitoring system and monitoring method for the starting reaction frame of a large-slope shield machine has become an issue worthy of study. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to more intuitively, accurately and timely discover abnormal deformation of the reaction frame, so as to assist the operator to take reinforcement measures in time. The object of the present invention is achieved in that: The present invention provides a safety monitoring system and monitoring method for a large-slope shield starting reaction frame, comprising a reaction frame, a monitoring unit and a control host; A reaction frame, comprising a reaction frame body and a support frame body, wherein the support frame body is located at the back of the reaction frame body and is used to support the reaction frame body; A monitoring unit, arranged on the surface of the reaction frame and the support frame, and electrically connected to the control host, for real-time monitoring of physical parameters of the reaction frame and the support frame, and transmitting the monitoring data to the control host in real time; A control host is provided with a data processing unit, a three-dimensional display unit and an alarm unit. The data processing unit receives the monitoring data of the monitoring unit and processes the data; the three-dimensional display unit displays the three-dimensional dynamic model of the reaction frame when it is subjected to force in real time; and the alarm unit issues an alarm prompt when the monitoring data exceeds a preset control value.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, a circular through hole is provided on the surface of the reaction frame, and a ring-shaped reaction frame steel is provided on the inner side of the circular through hole. The support frame includes an upper support, a column support and a lower support. The column support is located on the crossbeam or column of the reaction frame, and the lower support is a cast-in-place concrete wall.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the upper support and the column support are rod-shaped steel structure supports, and the column support, the reaction frame and the lower support constitute a triangular support structure.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit includes an array-type flexible inclinometer and a surface strain gauge, wherein the array-type flexible inclinometer is arranged on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel and is arranged in a ring direction, and its output interface is electrically connected to the control host; the surface strain gauge is arranged on the upper support and column support and is arranged along the length direction, and its output interface is electrically connected to the control host.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the array-type flexible inclinometer is formed by connecting multiple independent sensor units of equal length in series, wherein the independent sensor unit includes a proximal fixed section and a sensor section; and the sensor section includes a displacement sensor and an inclination sensor.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the surface strain gauge includes a proximal fixed section and a first section sensor, and the first section sensor is used for collecting and transmitting monitoring data.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the proximal fixing section includes a sensor installation interface, a cable channel and a connecting base for fixing the sensor section or the first section sensor, and the connecting base is fixed by bolts.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the data processing unit filters, analyzes and calculates the original data.

[0013] A method for safety monitoring of a large-slope shield starting reaction frame, wherein the monitoring objects are the deformation of the reaction frame steel and the axial force of the support frame, comprising the following steps: S1. Installation of reaction frame: Align with the tunnel design axis, install and construct the reaction frame and support frame; S2. Deploy monitoring units: An array-type flexible inclinometer is arranged on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel ring, and an output interface of the array-type flexible inclinometer is connected to the control host by a cable; a surface strain gauge is arranged on the support frame, and a cable is connected to the surface strain gauge and the control host; S3. Set the coordinate system: Taking the center of the reaction frame steel circle as the origin of the space coordinate system, calibrate the coordinates of the array flexible inclinometer and the surface strain gauge in step S2; S4. Image initial settings: Inputting the initial position coordinates of the monitoring unit in step S3 into the control host, and setting the initial image of the monitored steel ring cross section in the three-dimensional display unit; After the data processing unit processes the monitoring data, a three-dimensional deformed circular ring image relative to the initial standard reaction frame steel is displayed through a three-dimensional display unit; S5. Automatic monitoring and alarm: After setting the control values ​​of the reaction frame steel deformation and the steel support axial force, when the deformation and the axial force exceed the control values, the alarm unit is triggered to remind the operator to take emergency measures in time.

[0014] Positive beneficial effects: The reaction frame safety monitoring system in the present invention can more intuitively and accurately present the deformation of the reaction frame during the initialization process, which is conducive to timely discovering abnormal deformation of the reaction frame. Through real-time monitoring and data analysis, it can effectively ensure the safety of the reaction frame, so as to assist operators to take reinforcement measures in time to prevent the deformation of the reaction frame from causing misalignment between the negative ring segments, reduce safety hazards in the construction process, improve construction efficiency and project quality, reduce time and cost losses caused by structural failures, and also improve the controllability and accuracy of the overall construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a safety monitoring system for a large-slope shield starting reaction frame provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the array-type flexible inclinometer used in the present invention; Figure 3 The working flow chart of the safety monitoring system of the starting reaction frame of the large-slope shield provided by the present invention; The figure shows: reaction frame 1, support frame 2, upper support 201, column support 202, reaction frame steel 3, monitoring unit 4, array flexible inclinometer 401, surface strain gauge 402, cable 5, control host 6; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] The present invention provides a large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method, and the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant inventions, rather than to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0018] This embodiment provides a safety monitoring system for the starting reaction frame of a large-slope shield machine, which is applied to the starting stage of the shield machine. The monitoring system includes a reaction frame, a monitoring unit 4 and a control host 6; A reaction frame, comprising a reaction frame body 1 and a support frame body 2, wherein the support frame body 2 is located on the back of the reaction frame body 1 and is used to support the reaction frame body 1; A monitoring unit 4 is arranged on the surface of the reaction frame 1 and the support frame 2, and is electrically connected to the control host 6, and is used to monitor the physical parameters of the reaction frame 1 and the support frame 2 in real time, and transmit the monitoring data to the control host 6 in real time; A control host 6 is provided with a data processing unit, a three-dimensional display unit and an alarm unit. The data processing unit receives the monitoring data of the monitoring unit 4 and processes the data; the three-dimensional display unit displays the three-dimensional dynamic model of the reaction frame when it is subjected to force in real time; and the alarm unit issues an alarm prompt when the monitoring data exceeds a preset control value.

[0019] The surface of the reaction frame 1 is provided with a circular through hole, the inner side of which is provided with a ring-shaped reaction frame steel 3, the support frame 2 includes an upper support 201, a column support 202 and a lower support, wherein the upper support 201 and the column support 202 are rod-shaped steel structure supports, one end of the upper support 201 is connected to the crossbeam of the reaction frame 1, and the other end extends to the embedded steel plate in the walls on both sides, the column support 202 is located on the crossbeam or column of the reaction frame 1; the lower support is a cast-in-place concrete wall; one end of the column support 20202 is connected to the column on the back of the reaction frame 1, and the other end extends to the lower support, the column support 202, the reaction frame 1 and the lower support constitute a triangular support structure, forming a stable support for the reaction frame 1, after the overall installation and construction of the reaction frame 1 is completed, before the negative ring segment is placed on the reaction frame, a monitoring unit 4 is arranged; The monitoring unit 4 includes an array-type flexible inclinometer 401 and a surface strain gauge 402, wherein the array-type flexible inclinometer 401 is arranged on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel 3 and is arranged in a ring direction, and its output interface is electrically connected to the control host 6. During construction, according to the radial dimension of the on-site reaction frame steel 3, that is, the circumference and the minimum measurement unit length of the array-type flexible inclinometer 401, the total number of measurement unit sections required is determined and numbered in sequence, and the array-type flexible inclinometer 401 is protected and installed with a PVC pipe, and the array-type flexible inclinometer 401 is placed in the PVC pipe to ensure that a closed loop is formed at the positions of the first and last measurement units in the pipe, and the first and last contact points are set at the bottom of the reaction frame steel 3, and the array-type flexible inclinometer 401 is connected to the external control host 6 using a cable 5 to realize data transmission.

[0020] The PVC pipe is fixed on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel ring 3 by using a fixed bracket, and the plane formed by the PVC pipe and the plane of the reaction frame steel 3 are fixed parallel to each other, so as to ensure that it does not loosen during the initial monitoring process.

[0021] The center of the reaction frame steel 3 is used as the origin to calibrate the monitoring coordinate system, and the coordinates of each measuring unit (X 0 , Y 0 , Z 0 ), the coordinates are input into the control host 6 and the coordinate data and drawing are automatically processed to obtain the initial three-dimensional circular ring figure of the cross section of the reaction frame steel 3.

[0022] A surface strain gauge 402 is installed at 1 / 3 between the two supporting points of the upper support 201 of the reaction frame 1 and at 1 / 4 between the two supporting points of the column support 202. Two are installed in each cross section, and each is kept parallel to the length direction of the corresponding upper support 201 and column support 202. When installing, welding can be used to fix them. The surface strain gauges 402 on the left and right upper supports 201 and column supports 202 are arranged symmetrically, and are connected to the external control host 6 using a cable 5 to realize data transmission.

[0023] The data processing unit in the control host 6 obtains the axial force value of the support frame 2 by multiplying the monitored strain value, cross-sectional area and elastic modulus of the support frame 2 by the above three values, and outputs the real-time change numerical state of the axial force.

[0024] like Figure 2As shown, the array-type flexible inclinometer 401 is composed of multiple independent sensor units of equal length connected in series, wherein the independent sensor unit includes a proximal fixed section and a sensor section; the sensor section includes a displacement sensor and an inclination sensor, and the surface strain gauge 402 includes a proximal fixed section and a first section sensor, wherein the first section sensor is used for collecting and transmitting monitoring data; specifically, the array-type flexible inclinometer 401 is a static application of a MEMS accelerometer, which uses the components of the gravity acceleration of the measured object in the three axial directions of the MEMS accelerometer when the object is stationary to calculate the angle θ between the sensor section and the vertical and horizontal directions, and calculates its own displacement in the vertical and horizontal directions through the angle and the length L of the sensor section, and then calculates the coordinates (X n+1 , Y n+1 , Z n+1 ), that is, the displacement of each node. During the specific installation, the proximal fixed section includes a sensor installation interface, a cable channel, and a connecting base for fixing the sensor section or the first section sensor, and the connecting base is fixed by bolts.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, during the shield starting process, the array flexible inclinometer 401 transmits the deformation data of the reaction frame steel 3 to the control host 6 in real time. The functions of the data processing unit in the control host 6 include filtering, analyzing and calculating the original data. The surface strain gauge 402 monitors the stress changes of each steel support in real time and generates a real-time image. An alarm device is provided in the external control host 6. When the cumulative deformation of the reaction frame steel 3 ring or the axial force of the steel support exceeds the control value, an alarm is issued to facilitate on-site technicians to analyze the cause, adjust the shield thrust in time, reinforce the reaction frame, and prevent construction accidents.

[0026] The application of a large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system in shield tunnel construction has brought many significant beneficial effects. The specific beneficial effects are: 1. Real-time monitoring and data feedback: The monitoring unit 4 collects the physical parameters of the reaction frame 1 and the support frame 2 in real time, and transmits the data to the control host 6 to ensure that potential risk points can be discovered in time during the shield machine start-up process to avoid accidents; 2. Intelligent data processing: The data processing unit in the control host 6 analyzes the monitoring data and can timely identify the stress changes and abnormal trends of the support frame 2 and the reaction frame steel 3 structure, provide accurate decision-making basis for engineering personnel, and effectively optimize the operation and adjustment during the construction process; 3. 3D dynamic model display: The 3D display unit presents the 3D dynamic model of the reaction frame under stress in real time, so that the operator can intuitively understand the stress condition and deformation of the reaction frame, and accurately evaluate its stability and safety; 4. Alarm prompt function: When the monitoring data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the alarm unit will issue an alarm prompt in time to ensure that personnel can take countermeasures quickly to improve construction efficiency and project quality; The reaction frame safety monitoring system in the present invention can more intuitively and accurately present the deformation of the reaction frame during the initialization process, which is conducive to timely discovering abnormal deformation of the reaction frame. Through real-time monitoring and data analysis, it can effectively ensure the safety of the reaction frame, so as to assist operators to take reinforcement measures in time to prevent the deformation of the reaction frame from causing misalignment between the negative ring segments, reduce safety hazards in the construction process, improve construction efficiency and project quality, reduce time and cost losses caused by structural failures, and also improve the controllability and accuracy of the overall construction process.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for safely monitoring a starting reaction frame of a large-slope shield machine, using the above-mentioned safety monitoring system for starting reaction frames of large-slope shield machines, and the monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1. Installation of reaction frame: Align with the tunnel design axis, install and construct the reaction frame 1 and the support frame 2; S2. Deploy monitoring unit 4: An array type flexible inclinometer 401 is arranged on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel 3, and an output interface of the array type flexible inclinometer 401 is connected to the control host 6 by a cable 5; A surface strain gauge 402 is arranged on the support frame 2, and the surface strain gauge 402 is connected to the control host 6 by a cable 5; S3. Set the coordinate system: Taking the center of the reaction frame steel 3 as the origin of the space coordinate system, calibrate the coordinates of the array flexible inclinometer 401 and the surface strain gauge 402 in step S2; S4. Image initial settings: The initial position coordinates of the monitoring unit 4 in step S3 are input to the control host 6, and the initial image of the monitored steel ring cross section is set in the three-dimensional display unit; after the data processing unit processes the monitoring data, the three-dimensional deformed circular ring image relative to the initial standard reaction frame steel 3 is displayed through the three-dimensional display unit; S5, automatic monitoring and alarm: After setting the deformation of the reaction frame steel 3 and the control value of the steel support axial force, when the deformation and the axial force exceed the control value, the alarm unit is triggered to remind the operator to take emergency measures in time.

[0028] The present invention has been described in detail above through embodiments, but the contents described are only exemplary embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention is defined by the claims. Anyone who utilizes the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, or who, inspired by the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, designs similar technical solutions within the essence and protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, or who makes equal changes and improvements to the scope of application, shall still be included in the protection scope of the patent coverage of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring system and monitoring method for a large-slope shield starting reaction frame, comprising a reaction frame, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring unit (4) and a control host (6); A reaction frame, comprising a reaction frame body (1) and a support frame body (2), wherein the support frame body (2) is located on the back side of the reaction frame body (1) and is used to support the reaction frame body (1); A monitoring unit (4), arranged on the surface of the reaction frame (1) and the support frame (2), and electrically connected to the control host (6), for real-time monitoring of physical parameters of the reaction frame (1) and the support frame (2), and transmitting the monitoring data to the control host (6) in real time; A control host (6), wherein the control host (6) is provided with a data processing unit, a three-dimensional display unit and an alarm unit, wherein the data processing unit receives monitoring data from the monitoring unit (4) and performs data processing; the three-dimensional display unit displays in real time a three-dimensional dynamic model of the reaction frame when it is subjected to force; and the alarm unit issues an alarm prompt when the monitoring data exceeds a preset control value.

2. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction frame (1) has a circular through hole on its surface, and an annular reaction frame steel (3) is provided inside the circular through hole. The support frame (2) comprises an upper support (201), a column support (202) and a lower support. The column support (202) is located on a crossbeam or a column of the reaction frame (1), and the lower support is a cast-in-place concrete wall.

3. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper support (201) and the column support (202) are rod-shaped steel structure supports, and the column support (202), the reaction frame (1) and the lower support form a triangular support structure.

4. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The monitoring unit (4) comprises an array-type flexible inclinometer (401) and a surface strain gauge (402); The array-type flexible inclinometer (401) is arranged on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel (3) in a circular arrangement, and its output interface is electrically connected to the control host (6); The surface strain gauge (402) is arranged on the upper support (201) and the column support (202) and arranged along the length direction, and its output interface is electrically connected to the control host (6).

5. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The array-type flexible inclinometer (401) is composed of a plurality of independent sensor units of equal length connected in series, wherein the independent sensor unit comprises a proximal fixing section and a sensor section; and the sensor section comprises a displacement sensor and an inclination sensor.

6. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface strain gauge (402) comprises a proximal fixed section and a first section sensor, wherein the first section sensor is used for collecting and transmitting monitoring data.

7. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The proximal fixing section includes a sensor installation interface, a cable channel, and a connecting base for fixing the sensor section or the first section sensor, and the connecting base is fixed by bolts.

8. A large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system and monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing unit filters, analyzes and calculates the original data.

9. A method for safety monitoring of a large-slope shield starting reaction frame, using a large-slope shield starting reaction frame safety monitoring system as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The monitoring object is the deformation of the reaction frame steel (3) and the axial force of the support frame body (2), and includes the following steps: S1. Installation of reaction frame: Aligning with the tunnel design axis, installing and constructing the reaction frame (1) and the support frame (2); S2. Deployment of monitoring units (4): An array-type flexible inclinometer (401) is arranged on the inner arc surface of the reaction frame steel (3), and an output interface of the array-type flexible inclinometer (401) is connected to the control host (6) by a cable (5); Arranging a surface strain gauge (402) on the support frame (2), and connecting the surface strain gauge (402) and the control host (6) with a cable (5); S3. Set the coordinate system: Using the center of the reaction frame steel (3) as the origin of the space coordinate system, calibrating the coordinates of the array-type flexible inclinometer (401) and the surface strain gauge (402) in step S2; S4, initial image setting: inputting the initial position coordinates of the monitoring unit (4) in step S3 into the control host (6), and setting the initial image of the monitored steel ring cross section in the three-dimensional display unit; After the data processing unit processes the monitoring data, a three-dimensional deformed circular ring image relative to the initial standard reaction frame steel is displayed through a three-dimensional display unit; S5, automatic monitoring and alarm: After setting the deformation of the reaction frame steel (3) and the axial force control value of the steel support (2), when the deformation and the axial force exceed the control value, the alarm unit is triggered to remind the operator to take emergency measures in time.

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