Optical cable rapid positioning system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of optical fiber sound wave sensing and positioning, in particular to an optical cable rapid positioning system and a method thereof, the positioning system does not depend on real-time network communication, can stably operate even in an environment without a communication network, shows obvious advantages, and can realize rapid positioning by playing characteristic sound waves with specified frequency components. The interference of environmental noise can be effectively reduced, the positioning accuracy can be remarkably improved, even in a noisy environment, the accuracy of a positioning result can be ensured by applying a high-strength characteristic signal and filtering noise interference of a non-target frequency band, and the accuracy of a positioning result can be ensured by adopting an offline acquisition-online processing mixed framework. The environmental adaptability and the automatic data processing capability of the system are obviously improved, and the complexity and the potential error rate of manual operation are greatly reduced; the problems that an existing optical cable positioning system and method depends on GPS positioning and a real-time communication network and is easily influenced by subjective judgment, the calculation efficiency of all-point analysis is low, and the number of participants is too large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of optical fiber acoustic wave sensing positioning, and in particular to an optical cable rapid positioning system and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Optical cable is a cable assembly that uses one or more optical fibers placed in a sheath as a signal transmission medium and can be used individually or in groups. In current fiber-optic acoustic wave sensing applications, optical cable serves as the main signal transmission medium and sensing unit, which can realize distributed measurement of external parameters of the optical fiber. Therefore, it is very important to achieve accurate positioning of the optical cable.

[0003] However, the traditional optical cable positioning method mainly relies on dynamic optical fiber detection and manual analysis of signal records. There are the following defects in the positioning process: (1) Dependence on GPS positioning: It is necessary to rely on GPS in a network environment to obtain the current position of the acoustic generator, which is not suitable for extreme networkless environments such as underground mines; (2) Dependence on real-time communication: The cable patrol personnel and the industrial control computer need to communicate in real time, which increases the complexity of the system and the potential risk of communication failure; (3) Subjective judgment influence: In the process of manual analysis of signal records, it is easy to be affected by subjective judgment, resulting in inaccurate positioning results; (4) Low efficiency and accuracy: Relying on manual analysis of signal records and subjective judgment, the positioning time is too long, which not only reduces the efficiency of positioning, but also reduces the accuracy of positioning; (5) Too many participants: In the positioning process, a large number of participants are required, resulting in high human resource costs. (6) Low computational efficiency caused by full-point analysis: In the existing technology, the full-point analysis method is usually used for optical cable vibration positioning, which requires complete signal processing of all sampling points on the optical cable (usually hundreds of points), including FFT transformation, spectrum analysis and other computationally intensive operations. This method results in heavy system computing load and high power consumption, especially in scenarios where real-time monitoring is required, where the waste of computing resources is even more prominent.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a fast positioning system and method based on spectrum analysis. On the basis of the layered detection method, the fast coarse detection and fine analysis are combined to improve the calculation efficiency while ensuring the positioning accuracy, so as to ensure that the positioning system can operate efficiently even under extreme conditions without communication network coverage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fast optical cable positioning system and method, which solves the technical problems existing in the existing optical cable positioning systems and methods, such as reliance on GPS positioning, reliance on real-time communication networks, susceptibility to subjective judgment, low computational efficiency of full-point analysis, and too many participants.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fast optical cable positioning system, comprising a general-purpose computer, a DAS detector, an optical cable, an acoustic wave generator and a portable computing device, wherein the general-purpose computer and the DAS detector are connected via a network cable, the DAS detector is connected to the optical cable, the acoustic wave generator and the portable computing device are connected via Bluetooth, and the acoustic wave generator is placed at the optical cable to be measured; The general purpose computer is used to receive the position number, calculate the spectrum information, identify the characteristic signal point and send the completion instruction function; The sound wave generator is used to play a vibration sound wave with a preset frequency characteristic, and the signal is a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal or other signal with a characteristic frequency component; The optical cable is used to detect and receive the vibration sound waves played by the sound wave generator; The DAS detector is used to collect differential phase data in the vibroacoustic waves propagated by the optical cable; The portable computing device is used to provide a user interaction interface, and performs time stamp recording and roller number input functions in the user interaction interface. It has an offline data storage function, and can complete data collection in an off-network environment, and upload data after returning to a network area; The automatic processing and collection module continuously collects vibration data from all monitoring points within a preset time period, records the timestamp of each collection, and automatically processes the collected data through the positioning algorithm.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for quickly locating an optical cable, comprising the following steps: Generate a sound signal, using software on a portable computing device to generate an audio signal with a specified frequency component, the signal being a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal or other signal with a characteristic frequency component; Play and record the audio signal, connect the sound wave generator to the portable computing device, place the sound wave generator at the pre-planned optical cable test position, play the audio signal through the sound wave generator, and record the unique number of the current playback position; DAS receives and collects audio signals, continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period through the DAS detector, and records the timestamp of each collection. After the collection is completed, the collected data is transmitted to the general computer in real time; Signal preprocessing, filtering the vibration data of all points collected by the DAS detector; Energy and spectrum analysis: Perform fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing, and identify and output the maximum eigenvalue of the spectrum of the sound wave signal according to the type of sound wave signal played; Signal location calculation, extract the maximum frequency characteristic value of each point in the acquisition window in the target frequency band, identify the point with the maximum frequency spectrum characteristic value as the estimated position of the sound source; Timestamp matching, comparing the audio time identified by the DAS detector with the playback timestamp recorded by the portable computing device, calculating the time difference, and confirming that the match is successful if the time difference is within the allowable error range, and triggering a warning and requiring manual post-review if the time difference exceeds the allowable range; The positioning result is output, and a positioning result table is generated and displayed on the user interaction interface of the general-purpose computer.

[0008] The specific method of generating a sound signal and generating an audio signal with a specified frequency component by using software on a portable computing device is as follows: Generate a designated frequency signal, and generate a high-frequency audio signal having a waveform and a frequency using software on a portable computing device, wherein the waveform and the frequency of the audio signal should be selected taking into account the sensitivity range of the DAS detector and the on-site environmental noise conditions to ensure that the audio signal is easy to identify and extract during the acquisition process; Setting the playback duration to ensure that the audio signal has a duration within the acquisition window of the DAS detector for subsequent signal processing and analysis; To ensure signal quality, the generated audio signal should have a good signal-to-noise ratio and stability to avoid introducing additional noise interference, so as to improve positioning accuracy.

[0009] The specific method of playing and recording the audio signal, connecting the sound wave generator to the portable computing device, placing the sound wave generator at the pre-planned optical cable test position, playing the audio signal through the sound wave generator, and recording the unique number of the current playback position is: Bluetooth connection, pairing and connecting the high-quality sound wave generator with the portable computing device through the Bluetooth protocol, and ensuring that the audio signal can be stably and high-quality transmitted to the sound wave generator; The acoustic wave generator is placed by the positioning personnel at the pre-planned position of the optical cable to be tested. The placement distance should be appropriate to ensure that the audio signal can generate a vibration response with a high signal-to-noise ratio on the optical cable; One-touch operation, using the software of the portable computing device to perform a one-touch operation and trigger subsequent actions; Playing audio, playing the audio signal through the sound wave generator; Recording timestamps, recording the precise timestamp of the start of playback in the format of "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS", where the timestamp is accurate to seconds; Record the position number, which is the unique number of the current playback position, to identify different positioning positions.

[0010] The frequency domain analysis adopts a multi-scale detection mechanism based on a hierarchical strategy, specifically including: In the first coarse detection stage, a fast energy threshold detection algorithm is implemented for all monitoring points. By calculating the signal energy distribution characteristics, the candidate areas with target signal characteristics are efficiently identified, which significantly reduces the computational complexity of subsequent processing. In the second-level detailed analysis stage, high-precision spectrum analysis is carried out on the candidate areas in a targeted manner, including the use of long-window FFT transform to obtain higher frequency resolution, and combined with an adaptive peak detection algorithm to extract signal features, effectively improving the positioning accuracy and reliability of the target signal.

[0011] Wherein, in areas without network coverage, the timestamp of each vibration event and the number of the position to be measured are collected by a portable computing device, and the collected data are stored in a specific data structure using a data caching algorithm. The data includes high-precision time synchronization information of a second-level timestamp and accurate position number information; When the system returns to the network coverage area, the portable computing device transmits the stored data completely and reliably to the general purpose computer through the intelligent data synchronization protocol; The general-purpose computer then starts the post-processing algorithm chain, and performs data integrity verification, spectrum feature value extraction and intelligent positioning calculation in sequence. Through the hybrid architecture of offline acquisition and online processing and a strict data synchronization mechanism, it is ensured that the positioning accuracy is not reduced due to the offline working mode.

[0012] The DAS receives and collects audio signals, continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period through the DAS detector, and automatically records the timestamp of each collection. After the collection, the collected data is transmitted to the general computer in real time in the following specific manner: DAS data acquisition: The DAS detector continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period at a sampling rate through a high-precision acquisition card, and records the timestamp of each acquisition to facilitate subsequent accurate matching with the timestamp of the vibration event recorded on the portable computing device. The sampling rate should satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure that the target frequency signal can be accurately captured; Data transmission: The DAS detector transmits the collected raw data to a general-purpose computer in real time to ensure the integrity and timeliness of the data and avoid data loss or delay.

[0013] The specific method of the signal preprocessing, that is, filtering the vibration data of all points collected by the DAS detector, is as follows: High-pass filtering: Use high-pass filters to remove low-frequency environmental noise, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and adjust the cutoff frequency according to the noise conditions on site; Windowing: Apply window function to reduce spectrum leakage effect and improve the accuracy of spectrum analysis.

[0014] The spectrum analysis is to perform energy calculation and fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing, and output the maximum spectrum eigenvalue after peak recognition in the following specific manner: Fast Fourier transform: perform fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing; Selecting a number of fast Fourier transform points, and selecting an appropriate number of fast Fourier transform points to obtain a frequency resolution to ensure that a target frequency peak can be accurately identified; Peak recognition: identifying the peak in the target frequency band and obtaining the maximum spectrum feature value; Record peak information, record the amplitude and corresponding frequency of the maximum spectrum characteristic value, for subsequent positioning calculation; Output the maximum eigenvalue of the spectrum. For each point, output the maximum eigenvalue of the spectrum within the target frequency band as the representative feature of the point.

[0015] The frequency domain analysis adopts a hierarchical detection strategy, including: a coarse detection step, performing rapid energy detection on all monitoring points to identify candidate areas where target signals may exist; a fine analysis step, performing detailed spectrum analysis only on the points in the candidate areas, including Fourier transform with a longer FFT point number and spectrum eigenvalue detection.

[0016] The present invention discloses a fast optical cable positioning system and method thereof. The positioning system does not require real-time network communication and can operate stably even in an environment without a communication network, showing obvious advantages. At the same time, by playing sound waves of specified frequency components, the present invention can effectively avoid the interference of environmental noise and significantly improve the accuracy of positioning. Even in a noisy environment, such as when a belt conveyor is started, the present invention can filter out the noise influence of non-target frequency bands by applying high-intensity characteristic signals, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the positioning result. The present invention innovatively adopts a layered detection strategy, firstly locates the area where vibration may exist through rapid rough detection, and then performs a fine analysis on the candidate area, thereby significantly reducing the amount of calculation. Based on this, the method greatly improves the system operation efficiency while maintaining the positioning accuracy. In addition, the positioning algorithm adopted by the positioning system can automatically process the collected data, greatly reducing the complexity and potential error rate of manual operation, and solving the problems of existing optical cable positioning systems and methods, such as dependence on GPS positioning, dependence on real-time communication, influence of subjective judgment, low calculation efficiency of full-point position analysis, and too many participants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of equipment connection of the optical cable rapid positioning system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the recording interface of the software on the portable computing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a positioning flow chart of the optical cable rapid positioning method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 4 is a diagram showing the distribution of spectrum characteristic peaks at different points of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of the optical cable rapid positioning method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] First embodiment: See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides an optical cable rapid positioning system, including a general-purpose computer, a DAS detector, an optical cable, an acoustic wave generator and a portable computing device.

[0025] In this embodiment, the positioning system used in the present invention does not require real-time network communication, and can operate stably even in an environment without a communication network, showing obvious advantages. At the same time, by playing sound waves of a specified frequency, the present invention can effectively avoid interference from environmental noise and significantly improve the accuracy of positioning. Even in a noisy environment, such as when a belt conveyor is started, the present invention can filter out noise in non-target frequency bands by applying high-intensity characteristic signals, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the positioning results. In addition, the positioning algorithm adopted by the positioning system can automatically process the collected data, greatly reducing the complexity and potential error rate of manual operations, and solving the technical problems of existing optical cable positioning systems and methods, such as reliance on GPS positioning, reliance on real-time communication, subjective judgment influence, low computational efficiency of full-point analysis, and too many participants.

[0026] The general-purpose computer and the DAS detector are connected via a network cable, the DAS detector is connected to the optical cable, the sound wave generator and the portable computing device are connected via Bluetooth, and the sound wave generator is placed at a predetermined position of the optical cable to be tested; The general purpose computer is used to receive the position number, calculate the frequency domain characteristic information, identify the location of the characteristic signal and send the completion instruction function; The sound wave generator is used to play a vibration sound wave of a specified waveform and frequency, and the signal is a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal, or other signal with a characteristic frequency component; The optical cable is used to detect and receive the vibration sound waves played by the sound wave generator; The DAS detector is used to collect differential phase data in the vibroacoustic waves propagated by the optical cable; The portable computing device is used to provide a user interaction interface, and performs time stamp recording and roller number input functions in the user interaction interface. It has an offline data storage function, and can complete data collection in an off-network environment, and upload data after returning to a network area; The automatic processing and collection module continuously collects vibration data from all monitoring points within a preset time period, automatically records the timestamp of each collection, and automatically processes the collected data through the positioning algorithm.

[0027] When using a fast optical cable positioning system of the present embodiment, the staff places the sound wave generator at the position to be measured of the optical cable and records the current position number. After that, the general computer starts the positioning program after receiving the position number, and lets the sound wave generator play the audio signal generated by the portable computing device, so that the optical cable transmits the audio signal to the DAS detector. The applicable cabling methods of the optical cable include straight pull or coil, etc., so that the DAS detector can continuously collect vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time, and automatically record the timestamp of each collection, and after the collection is completed, the collected data will be transmitted to the general computer in real time. If the portable computing device is not covered by the network environment during the collection and positioning data, the portable computing device will store the accurate timestamp and location identification information through a proprietary data caching algorithm. When the system returns to the network coverage area, the portable computing device uses an intelligent data synchronization protocol to ensure that all offline collected data is completely and reliably transmitted to the general computer. Then, the general purpose computer subsequently starts the post-processing algorithm chain, performs data integrity verification in sequence, obtains the maximum frequency spectrum characteristic value position of the characteristic sound signal played by the sound wave generator on the optical cable, and finally completes the positioning.

[0028] During the entire positioning process, no real-time network communication is required, and it can operate stably even in an environment without a communication network, showing obvious advantages. This hybrid architecture of offline acquisition and online processing significantly improves the environmental adaptability of the system, and at the same time ensures that the positioning accuracy is not reduced due to the offline working mode through a strict data synchronization mechanism. At the same time, by playing sound waves of specified frequency components, the present invention can effectively avoid the interference of environmental noise and significantly improve the accuracy of positioning. Even in a noisy environment, such as when a belt conveyor is started, the present invention can filter out the noise influence of non-target frequency bands by applying high-intensity characteristic signals, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the positioning results. The present invention innovatively adopts a hierarchical detection strategy, firstly locates the area where vibration may exist through rapid rough detection, and then performs a fine analysis of the candidate area, thereby significantly reducing the amount of calculation. Based on this, the method greatly improves the system operation efficiency while maintaining the positioning accuracy. In addition, the positioning algorithm adopted by the positioning system can automatically process the collected data, greatly reducing the complexity and potential error rate of manual operation, and solving multiple technical problems in the optical cable positioning system and method: reducing the dependence on manual operation, overcoming the limitations of real-time communication, eliminating the influence of subjective judgment, improving positioning efficiency and accuracy, and reducing the number of personnel required.

[0029] Second embodiment: Based on the first embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 The present invention also provides a method for quickly locating an optical cable, comprising the following steps: S10. Generate a sound signal by using software on the portable computing device to generate an audio signal with a specified frequency component.

[0030] Specifically, the characteristic sound waves used in the present invention can be single-frequency signals, multi-frequency signals, frequency-modulated signals or other signals with specific frequency characteristics. This flexible signal design scheme enables the system to select the optimal signal form according to different application scenarios and environmental conditions, further improving the system's adaptability and anti-interference ability.

[0031] The specific method of generating a sound signal by using software on a portable computing device to generate an audio signal with a specified frequency component is as follows: S101, generating a designated frequency component signal, using software on a portable computing device to generate an audio signal with specific frequency characteristics, the signal may be a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal or other signal with characteristic frequency components, wherein the selection of the frequency characteristics of the audio signal should take into account the sensitivity range of the DAS detector and the on-site environmental noise conditions, so as to ensure that the audio signal is easy to identify and extract during the acquisition process; S102, setting the playing duration, and ensuring that the audio signal has a duration within the acquisition window of the DAS detector, so as to perform subsequent signal processing and analysis; S103: Ensure signal quality. The generated audio signal should have a good signal-to-noise ratio and stability to avoid introducing additional noise interference, so as to improve positioning accuracy.

[0032] S20, playing and recording the audio signal, connecting the sound wave generator to the portable computing device, and then placing the sound wave generator at a pre-planned optical cable test position, playing the audio signal through the sound wave generator, and recording the unique number of the current playback position.

[0033] Specifically, the specific method of playing and recording the audio signal, connecting the sound wave generator to the portable computing device, placing the sound wave generator at the pre-planned optical cable test position, playing the audio signal through the sound wave generator, and recording the unique number of the current playback position is: S201, Bluetooth connection, pairing and connecting a high-quality sound wave generator with a portable computing device through the Bluetooth protocol, and ensuring that an audio signal can be transmitted to the sound wave generator stably and with high quality; S202, placing the sound wave generator: the positioning personnel places the sound wave generator at the pre-planned position of the optical cable to be tested to ensure that the audio signal can generate a vibration response with a high signal-to-noise ratio on the optical cable; S203, one-key operation, using the software of the portable computing device to perform a one-key operation, and at the same time triggering subsequent actions such as playing audio and recording timestamps; S204, play audio, play the audio signal through the sound wave generator, the signal can be a single frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency modulation signal or other signal with characteristic frequency components, and the appropriate playback signal can be selected according to the on-site noise environment; S205, recording a timestamp, recording the precise timestamp of the start of playback in the format of "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS", where the timestamp is accurate to seconds; S206, record the position number, record the unique number of the current playback position (such as "#24") to identify different positioning positions. The ultimate positioning goal is to obtain the position correspondence between the unique number of the current position and the corresponding optical cable point.

[0034] S30, DAS receives and collects audio signals, continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period through the DAS detector, and records the timestamp of each collection. After the collection is completed, the collected data is transmitted to a general computer.

[0035] Specifically, the DAS receives and collects audio signals, continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period through the DAS detector, and records the timestamp of each collection. After the collection, the collected data is transmitted to the general computer in real time in the following specific manner: S301, DAS data acquisition, the DAS detector continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period at a sampling rate through a high-precision acquisition card, and records the timestamp of each acquisition to facilitate subsequent matching of the timestamps, wherein the sampling rate should satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure that the target frequency signal can be accurately captured; S302, data transmission: the DAS detector transmits the collected raw data to a general-purpose computer in real time to ensure the integrity and timeliness of the data and avoid data loss or delay.

[0036] S40: Signal preprocessing: preprocessing the vibration data of all points collected by the DAS detector.

[0037] Specifically, the signal preprocessing is to filter the vibration data of all points collected by the DAS detector in a specific manner as follows: S401, high-pass filtering, using high-pass filter to remove low-frequency environmental noise, improve signal-to-noise ratio, and adjust the cutoff frequency according to the on-site noise situation; S402, adding a window, applying a window function (such as a Hanning window) to reduce spectrum leakage effects and improve the accuracy of spectrum analysis.

[0038] S50, energy and spectrum analysis, using a hierarchical detection strategy to analyze and process the pre-processed vibration signal. Specifically, it includes two stages: coarse detection and fine analysis: Phase 1: Coarse Detection S501, fast energy detection (1) Divide the optical cable points into multiple detection windows according to their spatial positions, and each detection window contains N adjacent points (e.g., N=50); (2) Calculate the time domain energy value of the signal in each detection window: calculate the root mean square (RMS) value of the signal at each point; average the RMS values ​​of all points in the window to obtain the window energy feature; (3) Set an energy threshold and identify the detection window whose energy value exceeds the threshold.

[0039] S502: Determine candidate area (1) Merge the identified high-energy windows, and merge adjacent high-energy windows into a candidate region (2) To ensure that nothing is missed, expand the candidate area to M points on both sides and record the start and end point numbers of all candidate areas. The second stage: detailed analysis S503, the vibration signal of each point in the candidate area is processed by fast Fourier transform, and the maximum peak value is output after peak recognition.

[0040] (1) Fast Fourier transform, performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing; selecting the number of fast Fourier transform (FFT) points, and selecting an appropriate number of fast Fourier transform points to obtain a higher frequency resolution to ensure that the spectrum characteristic value can be accurately identified; (2) Peak recognition: identifying the spectrum feature value within the target frequency range. If the sound wave played is a single-frequency signal or a multi-frequency signal, the spectrum peak of the corresponding frequency is identified. If the sound wave played is a linear frequency modulation signal, the peak value of the corresponding matched filter or correlation coefficient is obtained; (3) Outputting characteristic values: For each point, according to the preset frequency feature extraction rules, extract the spectrum characteristic value in the target frequency band as the representative feature of the point. The characteristic value can be a quantitative index that can characterize the characteristics of the target signal, such as spectrum peak value, energy distribution, frequency component ratio, correlation coefficient, etc.

[0041] This hierarchical detection mechanism uses a progressive processing strategy of "coarse detection-fine analysis" to significantly improve the real-time performance of the system while ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0042] Wherein, in areas without network coverage, the timestamp of each vibration event and the number of the position to be measured are collected by a portable computing device, and the collected data are stored in a specific data structure using a data caching algorithm. The data includes high-precision time synchronization information of a second-level timestamp and accurate position number information; When the system returns to the network coverage area, the portable computing device transmits the stored data completely and reliably to the general purpose computer through the intelligent data synchronization protocol; The general-purpose computer then starts the post-processing algorithm chain, and performs data integrity verification, spectrum feature value extraction and intelligent positioning calculation in sequence. Through the hybrid architecture of offline acquisition and online processing and a strict data synchronization mechanism, it is ensured that the positioning accuracy is not reduced due to the offline working mode.

[0043] S60, signal positioning calculation, extracting the maximum frequency spectrum characteristic value of each point in the acquisition window in the target frequency band, identifying the point with the highest frequency spectrum characteristic value as the estimated position of the sound source.

[0044] Specifically, the signal positioning calculation needs to extract the maximum spectrum characteristic value of each point in the acquisition window in the target frequency band according to the type of vibration sound wave played, and identify the point with the highest spectrum characteristic value as the estimated position of the sound source. The specific method is: S601, extracting the maximum frequency spectrum characteristic value, for all monitoring points, extracting the maximum frequency characteristic value of each point in the acquisition window in the target frequency band; S602, draw a distribution map, draw a distribution map of the frequency spectrum characteristic values ​​of the points, and intuitively display the peak conditions of each point to facilitate subsequent analysis and positioning; S603, setting a threshold value, setting a threshold value of the spectrum feature value to distinguish audio playback events from background noise, wherein the threshold value should be dynamically adjusted according to the on-site noise environment to ensure accurate identification; S604, judging an event, when the maximum frequency spectrum characteristic value is greater than the threshold, determining that the audio playback event occurs; S605, sound source localization, identifying the point with the highest frequency eigenvalue as the estimated position of the sound source. If you want to obtain higher accuracy, perform interpolation processing to interpolate the data near the point with the highest eigenvalue to obtain higher accuracy in locating the sound source.

[0045] S70, timestamp matching, comparing the audio time identified by the DAS detector with the playback timestamp recorded by the portable computing device, calculating the time difference, and confirming that the match is successful if the time difference is within the allowable error range; if the time difference exceeds the allowable range, triggering a warning and requiring manual later review.

[0046] Specifically, the timestamp matching is to compare the audio time identified by the DAS detector with the playback timestamp recorded by the portable computing device, and calculate the time difference. If the time difference is within the allowable error range, the match is confirmed to be successful. If the time difference exceeds the allowable range, a warning is triggered and manual post-review is required. The specific method is as follows: S701, calculating a time difference, comparing the time of the audio event identified by the DAS detector with the playback timestamp recorded by the portable computing device, and calculating the time difference; S702, confirm the match, if the time difference is within the allowable error range, then confirm that the match is successful; S703, triggering a warning. If the time difference exceeds the allowable range, a warning is triggered and a manual later review is required to avoid erroneous positioning results; S704, associating the location number, based on the matching result, associating the location number recorded by the portable computing device with the optical cable point located by the DAS detector to establish a location correspondence.

[0047] S80, outputting the positioning results, generating and displaying a positioning result table on the user interaction interface of the general-purpose computer.

[0048] Specifically, a positioning result table is generated and displayed on the user interaction interface of the general-purpose computer, and the positioning result table contains information such as the audio playback timestamp, the location number recorded by the tablet, and the optical cable point number of the DAS positioning. At the same time, the general-purpose computer can provide an export function for the positioning results and support common file formats to facilitate subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0049] What is disclosed above is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. An optical cable rapid positioning system, characterized in that: It includes a general-purpose computer, a DAS detector, an optical cable, an acoustic wave generator and a portable computing device, wherein the general-purpose computer and the DAS detector are connected via a network cable, the DAS detector is connected to the optical cable, the acoustic wave generator and the portable computing device are connected via Bluetooth, and the acoustic wave generator is placed at a predetermined position of the optical cable to be tested; The general purpose computer is used to receive the position number, calculate the frequency domain information, identify the characteristic signal point and send the completion instruction function; The sound wave generator is used to play a vibration sound wave with a specified frequency component, and the signal is a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal or other signal with a characteristic frequency component; The optical cable is used to detect and receive the vibration sound waves played by the sound wave generator; The DAS detector is used to collect differential phase data in the vibroacoustic waves propagated by the optical cable; The portable computing device is used to provide a user interaction interface, and performs time stamp recording and roller number input functions in the user interaction interface. It has an offline data storage function, and can complete data collection in an off-network environment, and upload data after returning to a network area; The automatic processing and collection module continuously collects vibration data from all monitoring points within a preset time period, records the timestamp of each collection, and automatically processes the collected data through the positioning algorithm.

2. A method for quickly locating an optical cable, applied to the optical cable quickly locating system described in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: generating a sound signal, using software on a portable computing device to generate an audio signal having a specified frequency component; Play and record the audio signal, connect the sound wave generator to the portable computing device, place the sound wave generator at the pre-planned optical cable test position, play the audio signal through the sound wave generator, and record the unique number of the current playback position; DAS receives and collects audio signals, continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period through the DAS detector, and records the timestamp of each collection. After the collection is completed, the collected data is transmitted to the general computer in real time; Signal preprocessing, filtering the vibration data of all points collected by the DAS detector; Spectrum analysis: energy calculation and fast Fourier transform are performed on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing. According to the characteristic signal played, the corresponding spectrum characteristic value is identified and the maximum characteristic value is output; Signal location calculation: extract the maximum spectral eigenvalue of each point in the acquisition window in the target frequency band, identify the point with the maximum spectral eigenvalue as the estimated position of the sound source; Timestamp matching, comparing the audio time identified by the DAS detector with the playback timestamp recorded by the portable computing device, calculating the time difference, and confirming that the match is successful if the time difference is within the allowable error range, and triggering a warning and requiring manual post-review if the time difference exceeds the allowable range; The positioning result is output, and a positioning result table is generated and displayed on the user interaction interface of the general-purpose computer.

3. The optical cable rapid positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific method of generating a sound signal by using software on a portable computing device to generate an audio signal of a specified frequency is as follows: Generate a designated frequency signal, and use software on a portable computing device to generate an audio signal with a waveform and frequency, the signal being a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal, or other signal with a characteristic frequency component, wherein the selection of the waveform and frequency of the audio signal should take into account the sensitivity range of the DAS detector and the on-site environmental noise conditions to ensure that the audio signal is easy to identify and extract during the acquisition process; Setting the playback duration to ensure that the audio signal lasts within the acquisition window of the DAS detector for subsequent signal processing and analysis; To ensure signal quality, the generated audio signal should have a good signal-to-noise ratio and stability to avoid introducing additional noise interference, so as to improve positioning accuracy.

4. The optical cable rapid positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific method of playing and recording the audio signal, connecting the sound wave generator to the portable computing device, placing the sound wave generator at the pre-planned optical cable test position, playing the audio signal through the sound wave generator, and recording the unique number of the current playback position is: Bluetooth connection, pairing and connecting the high-quality sound wave generator with the portable computing device through the Bluetooth protocol, and ensuring that the audio signal can be stably and high-quality transmitted to the sound wave generator; The acoustic wave generator is placed by the positioning personnel at the pre-planned position of the optical cable to be tested. The placement distance should be appropriate to ensure that the audio signal can generate a vibration response with a high signal-to-noise ratio on the optical cable; One-touch operation, using the software of the portable computing device to perform a one-touch operation and trigger subsequent actions; Playing audio, playing the audio signal through the sound wave generator, the signal is a single-frequency signal, a multi-frequency mixed signal, a frequency-modulated signal or other signal with characteristic frequency components; Record timestamps, recording the precise timestamp of the start of playback in the format of "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS", where the timestamp is accurate to seconds; Record the position number, which is the unique number of the current playback position, to identify different positioning positions.

5. The optical cable rapid positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency domain analysis adopts a multi-scale detection mechanism based on a hierarchical strategy, specifically including: In the first coarse detection stage, a fast energy threshold detection algorithm is implemented for all monitoring points. By calculating the signal energy distribution characteristics, the candidate areas with target signal characteristics are efficiently identified, which significantly reduces the computational complexity of subsequent processing. In the second-level detailed analysis stage, high-precision spectrum analysis is carried out on the candidate areas in a targeted manner, including the use of long-window FFT transform to obtain higher frequency resolution, and combined with an adaptive peak detection algorithm to extract signal features, effectively improving the positioning accuracy and reliability of the target signal.

6. The optical cable rapid positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In areas without network coverage, the timestamp of each vibration event and the number of the location to be measured are collected through a portable computing device, and the collected data are stored in a specific data structure using a data caching algorithm. The data includes high-precision time synchronization information with a second-level timestamp and accurate location number information; When the system returns to the network coverage area, the portable computing device transmits the stored data completely and reliably to the general purpose computer through the intelligent data synchronization protocol; The general-purpose computer then starts the post-processing algorithm chain, and performs data integrity verification, spectrum feature value extraction and intelligent positioning calculation in sequence. Through the hybrid architecture of offline acquisition and online processing and a strict data synchronization mechanism, it is ensured that the positioning accuracy is not reduced due to the offline working mode.

7. The optical cable rapid positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The DAS receives and collects audio signals, continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period through the DAS detector, and records the timestamp of each collection. After the collection, the collected data is transmitted to the general computer in real time in the following specific manner: DAS data acquisition: The DAS detector continuously collects vibration data of all monitoring points within a preset time period at a sampling rate through a high-precision acquisition card, and records the timestamp of each acquisition to facilitate the subsequent matching of the timestamps. The sampling rate should satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure that the target frequency signal can be accurately captured; Data transmission: The DAS detector transmits the collected raw data to a general-purpose computer in real time to ensure the integrity and timeliness of the data and avoid data loss or delay.

8. The optical cable rapid positioning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency domain analysis is to perform fast Fourier transform processing on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing, and output the maximum peak value after peak recognition in the specific manner as follows: Fast Fourier transform: perform fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal of each point after preprocessing; Selecting a number of fast Fourier transform points, and selecting an appropriate number of fast Fourier transform points to obtain a frequency resolution to ensure that a spectrum feature peak can be accurately identified; Peak recognition, identifying the spectrum characteristic values ​​within the target frequency band; Recording the frequency spectrum characteristic value information, recording the amplitude and corresponding frequency of the characteristic value, for subsequent positioning calculation; Output the maximum peak value. For each point, output the maximum spectrum feature value in the target frequency band as the representative feature of the point.

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