Method for testing cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of paint testing, in particular to a method for testing the cleaning resistance of a marine antifouling coating. According to the test method, experimental equipment is provided, and the experimental equipment comprises a sample plate for coating a coating, a groove body for accommodating the sample plate, a brush disc, a driving device for driving the brush disc to rotate and move up and down, and a control system electrically connected with the driving device. According to the testing method, the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating is reliably evaluated by matching the steps of artificial seawater soaking experiment, underwater cleaning experiment, coating detection, coating loss grade evaluation and the like. According to the scheme, the cleaning resistance of the anti-fouling coating can be efficiently and reliably evaluated indoors within a short time, scientific data support is provided for research and development of the anti-fouling coating, and the period from laboratory development to practical application of an anti-fouling coating system is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of coating testing, and in particular to a method for testing the cleaning resistance of a marine antifouling coating. Background Art

[0002] The International Maritime Organization (IMO) issued the Guidelines for the Control and Management of Biofouling on Ships MEPC.378(80) in 2023. Countries will continue to strengthen the control of biofouling to minimize the transfer of invasive aquatic species. Applying antifouling coatings on the underwater surface of ships is the most economical and most commonly used method to prevent fouling organisms from attaching. The life of antifouling coatings is generally 3-5 years, and the longest is no more than 7 years. During this period, once the antifouling coating is attached with biofouling, according to the new guidelines, the ship is very likely to be unable to enter the destination waters.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of mechanical automation and intelligence, the application of robots has become more and more extensive. In the field of marine antifouling, antifouling coating materials and underwater cleaning robots work together to prevent fouling, which can effectively extend the antifouling effect of antifouling coatings. Therefore, this collaborative antifouling technology has become a research hotspot in the field of marine antifouling. The Norwegian company Jotun has developed an antifouling coating product for ships, which is designed for use with the Jotun Hull Skater (hull cleaning robot). The paint film can withstand repeated contact and friction with the brush head.

[0004] The most effective way to evaluate the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coatings is to conduct actual cleaning tests using robots underwater. However, this evaluation method is difficult to operate and costly, and is not suitable for the early development and research of antifouling coating products. The currently disclosed laboratory accelerated evaluation methods for antifouling coating systems do not involve the evaluation of the cleaning resistance of antifouling coatings. The GB / T6822-2014 standard "Hull Antifouling and Antirust Paint System" does not include any inspection items for the cleaning resistance of antifouling coatings.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent application numbered 202311173357.5, “Polyurethane washable antifouling coating based on oxime-carbamate bond and preparation method thereof” and the Chinese invention patent application numbered 202311762908.1, “An aminosilicone oil modified polyaspartic acid ester polyurea washable antifouling coating and preparation method thereof”, use a desktop wear tester to conduct friction tests on the coating to characterize the wear resistance of the antifouling coating. This method evaluates the washability of the antifouling coating by weight loss, that is, the difference in coating mass before and after the friction test. However, this method has the following defects: First, the materials of the grinding wheel of the desktop wear tester and the brush disc of the underwater cleaning robot are significantly different, and the test results may not necessarily represent the cleaning effect of the underwater cleaning robot; secondly, the anti-fouling coating is immersed in seawater during actual application, and there are obvious differences in the mechanical properties of the immersed coating and the unimmersed coating; thirdly, the wear test is carried out in the air, which is inconsistent with the underwater operating conditions of the underwater robot; therefore, the above-mentioned similar laboratory evaluation methods have great limitations and are obviously not suitable for the actual application of anti-fouling coatings.

[0006] The Chinese invention patent application numbered 202310758951.4, “A long-lasting antifouling coating for the surface of fixed marine facilities and its preparation method”, mentions the “cleaning resistance test method”, which mainly uses a brush of the same size and material used by a cleaning robot to rub the coating surface back and forth for a specified number of times after immersion, and then calculates the weight loss of the coating to evaluate the cleaning resistance. The smaller the weight loss, the better the cleaning resistance. This method uses manual back and forth rubbing, and there are many errors caused by human subjective factors. For some antifouling coating systems, the degree of weight loss cannot be well correlated with the antifouling performance. When the weight loss is small, the antifouling performance will also drop significantly due to changes in the surface properties of the coating. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides a method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coatings, and its technical solution is as follows: An experimental device is provided, which includes a sample for coating, a trough for accommodating the sample, a brush plate, a driving device for driving the brush plate to rotate and move up and down, and a control system electrically connected to the driving device; wherein the control system has a display and control function, and is used to control the operating state of the driving device and display the operating parameters of the driving device; The test method includes the following steps: Coating sample: coating the antifouling coating on the surface of the sample, and coating the non-abrasive coating covering the antifouling coating at the center of the antifouling coating; Artificial seawater immersion test: the sample coated with the coating is immersed in artificial seawater for a certain period of time; Underwater cleaning experiment: take out the sample after immersion and fix it into a tank filled with artificial seawater so that the sample is immersed in water; start the experimental equipment, control the driving device through the control system to drive the brush disc, so that the brush disc moves to the top of the sample and contacts the coating, and control the driving device to operate according to the set operating parameters, so that the brush disc rotates on the coating to clean the sample to form a cleaning area on the antifouling coating, and the cleaning area avoids the non-abrasive coating; Coating detection: Detect the coating surface condition index of the sample after the underwater cleaning experiment; wherein, the coating surface condition index includes one or more indicators selected from the group consisting of coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness change, micro-scale wear level and coating water contact angle change; Evaluation of coating loss level: The cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating is evaluated by the coating surface state index.

[0008] In some embodiments, the brush filaments on the bottom surface of the brush disc are in an annular shape, and the rotation axis of the brush disc coincides with the center of the brush filaments; the non-abrasive coating is circular, and the inner diameter of the annular brush filaments is larger than the diameter of the non-abrasive coating, so that when the brush disc contacts the coating of the sample, the center of the brush filaments coincides with the center of the non-abrasive coating, and the brush filaments are located on the periphery of the non-abrasive coating, so that the formed annular cleaning area avoids the non-abrasive coating.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the artificial seawater immersion experiment step, the sample is immersed in artificial seawater at a temperature of (23±2)°C for n days; wherein n≥14.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the underwater cleaning experiment step, the inner diameter of the annular brush wire is 40 to 60 mm, and the diameter of the circular non-abrasive coating is 10 to 20 mm. In the underwater cleaning experiment step, the driving device rotates according to the set operating parameters; wherein the operating parameters are set according to the type of antifouling coating and the type of robot, and the operating parameters include normal force, rotation speed and cleaning time; In some embodiments, in the coating detection step, after the underwater cleaning experiment is completed, the sample is taken out, the surface of the sample is cleaned with tap water, and the coating surface status index is detected after the sample is dried.

[0011] For experimental equipment: In some embodiments, the driving device includes a motor, a transmission rod, a liftable module, and a bracket for carrying the liftable module; wherein the output end of the motor is connected to the brush plate through the transmission rod, and the liftable module is connected to the motor, so that the liftable module drives the motor to move up and down to drive the brush plate to move up and down, and the motor drives the transmission rod to rotate to drive the brush plate to rotate; the motor has a built-in sensor, and the control system is connected to the motor and the sensor to control the operating state of the motor and display the operating parameters of the motor; In some embodiments, a mounting structure for fixing the template is provided on the bottom surface of the trough body.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the periphery of the template, and a mounting structure is provided at the bottom of the trough body, and the mounting structure includes a planar protrusion, a rubber pad, and a pressure strip; wherein, a planar protrusion for loading the template is provided at the bottom of the trough body, and a plurality of screw holes matching the positioning holes are respectively provided on the pressure strip, the template, the rubber pad, and the protrusion, and fasteners are sequentially penetrated through the pressure strip, the template, the rubber pad, and the protrusion to fix the template to the bottom of the trough body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the sample is a plate that is not easily corroded or deformed; for example, a steel plate, a PVC plate or other plate that is not easily corroded or deformed; In some embodiments, the brush plate is made of one of nylon, steel wire, rubber, and sponge; In some embodiments, the control system is a PC with display and control functions, the PC has a built-in motor control program, and the PC is connected to the motor and the built-in sensor of the motor to control the operating state of the motor and display the operating parameters transmitted by the sensor.

[0014] For the detection of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear grade index: In some embodiments, the process of detecting one or more indicators among the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear level is: Provided is an index detection device, comprising an XY axis movable sample stage for carrying and fixing the sample, a 3D scanning microscope arranged above the XY axis movable sample stage, and the control system; wherein the relative position of the XY axis movable sample stage and the 3D scanning microscope is adjustable; the control system is connected with the 3D scanning microscope and the XY axis movable sample stage to control their operating states; the control system has built-in image automatic stitching program and XY axis movable sample stage control program; The process of detecting indicators includes the following steps: S100, adjusting the position of the sample and fixing the sample on the XY axis moving sample stage; S200, turn on the control system, set the coating scanning mode parameters through the image automatic stitching program, set the scanning stitching mode of a single coating detection area and set the stitching start position, and locate the scanning stitching area of ​​the coating detection area by adjusting the relative position of the XY axis moving sample stage and the 3D scanning microscope; Wherein, each scanning splicing area of ​​the coating detection area is a long strip whose length is greater than the outer diameter of the cleaning area, and the scanning splicing area extends radially from the center of the non-abrasive coating to the outer diameter of the cleaning area at both ends, so that the scanning splicing area covers the non-abrasive coating, the uncleaned anti-fouling coating area and the anti-fouling coating cleaning area; S300, after the 3D scanning microscope scans one coating inspection area, the position of the sample is adjusted, and the 3D scanning microscope scans the second coating inspection area; the above steps are repeated until the M coating inspection areas are tested; S400, the control system obtains detection data of the coating detection area, and obtains one or more indicators of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear level through data information analysis.

[0015] In some embodiments, a positioning line is provided on the table of the XY axis movable sample stage, and M pairs of marking lines are provided on both sides of the sample, and the connecting line of each pair of marking lines passes through the center of the non-abrasive coating and maintains the same direction as the radial direction of the non-abrasive coating; in the S100, the position of the sample is adjusted so that the first pair of marking lines are aligned with the positioning lines, and the sample is fixed to the table of the XY axis movable sample stage; in the S300, after the 3D scanning microscope scans a coating detection area, the position of the sample is adjusted so that the second pair of marking lines of the sample are aligned with the positioning lines, and the 3D scanning microscope scans the second coating detection area; the above steps are repeated until the testing of M coating detection areas is completed; wherein, M≥3.

[0016] In some embodiments, during the data information analysis process, the coating loss thickness index is calculated as follows: coating loss thickness ΔH = coating thickness of the uncleaned antifouling coating area - coating thickness of the cleaned antifouling coating area; The calculation formula of the coating surface roughness change index is: coating surface roughness change ΔR z = the surface roughness of the coating in the cleaned area of ​​the antifouling coating minus the surface roughness of the coating in the uncleaned area of ​​the antifouling coating; The damage area rating is as follows: Damage area level Damaged area, % 1 No visible damage 2 ≤1 3 ≤5 4 ≤10 5 >10 The calculation formula of the percentage of damaged area is: percentage of damaged area = measured damaged area in the antifouling coating cleaning area ÷ area of ​​the cleaning area in the coating detection area × 100%; The damage grade is assessed as follows: Damage area level Damaged area, % 1 No visible damage 2 ≤1 3 ≤5 4 ≤10 5 >10 The damage size is the maximum size of the damaged part; The number of cracks is graded as follows: Crack quantity level <![CDATA[Number of cracks per unit area, mm / 100mm 2 > 1 No visible cracks 2 ≤5 3 ≤10 4 ≤20 5 ＞20 The number of cracks per unit area is: per unit area (100mm 2 ) of the antifouling coating cleaning area of ​​the cumulative length of cracks; The crack size rating is as follows: Crack size grade Crack width, μm L1 No visible cracks L2 ≤10 L3 ≤30 L4 ≤50 L5 ＞50 Wherein, the crack width is the maximum width of the crack; The micro-scale wear grade is assessed by using the damage area grade, damage size grade, crack quantity grade, and crack size grade; the micro-scale wear grade is assessed as follows:

[0017] For the detection of the coating water contact angle change index: In some embodiments, the process of detecting the coating water contact angle change index is: providing a water contact angle measuring instrument; using the water contact angle measuring instrument to measure the coating water contact angle of the anti-fouling coating area that has not been cleaned and the coating water contact angle of the anti-fouling coating area that has been cleaned; the calculation formula of the coating water contact angle change index is: coating water contact angle change ΔWCA = coating water contact angle of the anti-fouling coating area that has not been cleaned - coating water contact angle of the anti-fouling coating area that has been cleaned.

[0018] Evaluation of the cleaning resistance of antifouling coatings: In some embodiments, in the coating loss level assessment step, the coating loss level is assessed according to the coating surface state index to evaluate the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating; For antifouling coatings that are abrasive or self-polishing, the coating loss level is assessed as follows:

[0019] For the antifouling coating which is a fouling-desorption type antifouling paint, the coating loss grade is assessed as follows:

[0020] Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the test method for the cleaning resistance of a marine antifouling coating provided in this application has the following beneficial effects: This application scheme can reliably evaluate the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating in a short time and efficiently indoors, provide scientific data support for the research and development of the antifouling coating, and shorten the cycle from laboratory development to practical application of the antifouling coating system.

[0021] Other features and beneficial effects of the present application will be described in the subsequent description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other beneficial effects of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. The positional relationship of the drawings in the following description, unless otherwise specified, is based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the diagram.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 The internal structure of the water tank with a sample installed in the experimental equipment provided in one embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 3 The internal structure of the water tank with a sample installed in the experimental equipment provided in one embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the brush plate in the experimental equipment provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the brush plate in the experimental equipment provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample before cleaning provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sample structure placed on the XY axis moving sample stage after cleaning provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an indicator detection device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the detection splicing setting for implementing Experiment 1 provided in this application.

[0033] Fig.11 This is a data analysis chart of Experiment 1 provided in this application.

[0034] Reference numerals: 10. Index detection equipment; 400. XY axis moving sample stage; 500. 3D scanning microscope; 600. Control system; 330. Positioning line; 20. Experimental equipment; 30. Sample; 31. Positioning hole; 32. Marking line; 40. Antifouling coating; 50. Non-abrasive coating; 41. Uncleaned antifouling coating; 42. Cleaning area; 43. Coating detection area; 44. Coating before seawater immersion; 45. Coating before cleaning experiment; 2100. Trough; 2210. Bracket; 2220. Liftable module; 2230. Motor; 2240. Transmission rod; 2300. Brush plate; 2410. Planar protrusion; 2420. Rubber pad; 2430. Pressure strip; 2440. Fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments; the technical features designed in different implementation modes of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other; based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this application have the same meanings as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which this application belongs, and cannot be understood as limitations on this application; it should be further understood that the terms used in this application should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings of these terms in the context of this specification and in the relevant fields, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless explicitly defined in this application.

[0037] The present application provides a specific embodiment of a method for testing the cleaning resistance of a marine antifouling coating 40, and the scheme is as follows: like Figure 1-8 As shown, an experimental device 20 is provided, which includes a sample 30 for coating, a tank body 2100 for accommodating the sample 30, a brush plate 2300, a driving device, and a control system 600.

[0038] The driving device includes a motor 2230, a transmission rod 2240, a liftable module 2220, and a bracket 2210 for carrying the liftable module 2220; wherein, the output end of the motor 2230 is connected to the brush plate 2300 through the transmission rod 2240, and the liftable module 2220 is connected to the motor 2230, so that the lifting module drives the motor 2230 to move up and down to drive the brush plate 2300 to move up and down, and the motor 2230 drives the transmission rod 2240 to rotate to drive the brush plate 2300 to rotate; the motor 2230 has a built-in sensor, and the control system 600 is connected to the motor 2230 and the sensor to control the operating state of the motor 2230 and display the operating parameters of the motor 2230.

[0039] Among them, a mounting structure for fixing the sample 30 is provided on the bottom surface of the trough body 2100 .

[0040] The specific test method includes the following steps: S1, coating sample 30: Figure 6 As shown, an antifouling coating 40 is applied on the surface of the sample 30, and a non-abrasive coating is applied at the center of the antifouling coating 40 to form a circular non-abrasive coating 50 covering it.

[0041] S2. Artificial seawater immersion test: the sample 30 coated with the coating is immersed in artificial seawater at a temperature of (23±2)°C for n days; wherein n≥14; Preferably n=30; artificial seawater is configured in accordance with GB / T7790-2008.

[0042] S3, underwater cleaning experiment: S31, taking out the sample 30 after immersion, and fixing it into the tank 2100 filled with artificial seawater through the mounting structure, so that the sample 30 is immersed in the artificial seawater.

[0043] S32, start the experimental equipment 20, and control the driving device through the control system 600 to drive the brush plate 2300, so that the brush plate 2300 moves to the top of the sample 30 and contacts the coating.

[0044] S33 , controlling the motor 2230 of the driving device to operate according to the set operating parameters, so that the brush disc 2300 rotates on the coating to clean the sample 30 , so as to form a cleaning area 42 on the antifouling coating 40 .

[0045] Among them, optionally, the operating parameters of the motor 2230 are a normal force of 2 to 20N, a rotation speed of 100 to 2000rpm, and a cleaning time of 5 to 60s; it should be noted that: the operating parameters are set according to the type of anti-fouling coating 40 and the type of robot, including but not limited to the above-mentioned operating parameter range; the normal force refers to the force perpendicular to the plane of the template 30.

[0046] Among them, the brush filaments on the bottom surface of the selected brush disc 2300 are annular, and the rotation axis of the brush disc 2300 (that is, the rotation axis of the transmission rod 2240) coincides with the center of the brush filaments; the inner diameter of the annular brush filaments is larger than the diameter of the non-abrasive coating 50, so that when the brush disc 2300 contacts the coating of the sample 30, the center of the brush filaments coincides with the center of the non-abrasive coating 50, and the brush filaments are located on the periphery of the non-abrasive coating 50, so that the formed annular cleaning area 42 avoids the non-abrasive coating 50.

[0047] Optionally, the inner diameter of the selected annular brush filament is 40-60 mm, and the diameter of the circular non-abrasive coating 50 is 10-20 mm.

[0048] S4. Coating detection: Take out the sample 30, clean the surface of the sample 30 with tap water, and detect the coating surface status index after the sample 30 is dried.

[0049] The coating surface condition index includes one or more of the following indicators: coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness change, micro-scale wear level and coating water contact angle change.

[0050] S5. Evaluation of coating loss level: evaluating the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40 through coating surface status indicators.

[0051] Specifically in S4, the detection process of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear grade index is: like Fig. 9 As shown, an indicator detection device 10 is provided, which includes an XY axis movable sample stage 400 for carrying and fixing the sample 30, a 3D scanning microscope 500 arranged above the XY axis movable sample stage 400, and the control system 600.

[0052] Among them, the relative position of the XY axis moving sample stage 400 and the 3D scanning microscope 500 is adjustable; the control system 600 is connected to the 3D scanning microscope 500 and the XY axis moving sample stage to control their operating status; the control system 600 has built-in image automatic stitching program and XY axis moving sample stage 400 control program.

[0053] A positioning line 330 is provided on the table surface of the XY axis movable sample stage 400, and M pairs of marking lines 32 are provided on both sides of the template 30. The connecting line of each pair of marking lines 32 passes through the center of the non-abrasive coating 50 and maintains the same direction as the radial direction of the non-abrasive coating 50; preferably, the M lines are ≥3.

[0054] The process of detecting indicators includes the following steps (the specific scheme of the 3D scanning microscope 500 scanning the coating detection area 43 and transmitting it to the control system 600 for analysis can be referred to patent ZL 202210593273.6): S100, such as Figure 7 As shown, the position of the template 30 is adjusted so that the first pair of the marking lines 32 are aligned with the positioning lines 330, and the template 30 is fixed to the table of the XY axis movable sample stage 400; S200, turn on the control system 600, set the coating scanning mode parameters through the image automatic stitching program, set the scanning stitching mode of the single coating detection area 43 and set the stitching starting position, and position the scanning stitching area of ​​the coating detection area 43 by adjusting the relative position of the XY axis moving sample stage 400 and the 3D scanning microscope 500; Among them, Figure 7 As shown, each scanning splicing area of ​​the coating detection area 43 is a long strip with a length greater than the outer diameter of the cleaning area 42, and the scanning splicing area extends radially from the center of the non-abrasive coating 50 to the outer diameter of the cleaning area 42 at both ends, so that the scanning splicing area covers the non-abrasive coating 50, the uncleaned anti-fouling coating 41 area and the cleaning area 42 of the anti-fouling coating 40; S300, after the 3D scanning microscope 500 scans one coating detection area 43, the position of the template 30 is adjusted so that the second pair of marking lines 32 of the template 30 is aligned with the positioning line 330, and the 3D scanning microscope 500 scans the second coating detection area 43; the above steps are repeated until the M coating detection areas 43 are tested; For the specific parameter design in S200: Optionally, the scanning mode of the coating detection area 43 can adopt a full coating scanning mode: according to the specific dimensions of the length and width of the coating detection area 43, the test starting position (X, Y), the number of splicing columns and the number of rows are set, and the scanning splicing area covers the non-abrasive coating 50, the uncleaned anti-fouling coating 41 area and the cleaned area 42 of the anti-fouling coating 40 of a single coating detection area 43; according to the predetermined number M of coating detection areas 43 to be scanned, the number of scanning repetitions M and the number M of the marking lines 32 are set, and after each scanning of a coating detection area 43, the next pair of marking lines 32 is realigned with the positioning line 330, and then the next coating detection area 43 can be scanned.

[0055] During specific operation, the full coating scanning mode can be selected in the image automatic stitching program. The image automatic stitching program can be used to scan the thickness, roughness, damage, cracks and other information of each position of the coating detection area 43 at one time (especially the area of ​​the anti-fouling coating 41 that has not been cleaned and the areas of the anti-fouling coating 40 that have been cleaned 42), and the test process can achieve full automatic scanning.

[0056] S400, data information analysis: The 3D scanning microscope 500 scans the coating detection area 43 and transmits the information to the control system 600 connected thereto. The control system 600 obtains the detection data of the coating detection area 43, and based on the detection data, obtains one or more indicators of the coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness change, and micro-scale wear level through data information analysis.

[0057] Among them, the detection data obtained by the control system includes the coating thickness of the uncleaned antifouling coating 41 area in the coating detection area 43, the coating thickness of the antifouling coating cleaned area 42, the coating surface roughness of the uncleaned antifouling coating 41 area, the coating surface roughness of the antifouling coating cleaned area 42, the damaged area in the antifouling coating cleaned area 42, the area of ​​the cleaned area 42, the damage size in the antifouling coating cleaned area 42, the cumulative length of cracks in the antifouling coating cleaned area 42, the crack width in the antifouling coating cleaned area 42, etc.

[0058] Among them, the image automatic stitching program built in the control system 600 can realize automatic stitching imaging of the image through the detection parameter settings in S200, detection data and data information analysis, and can automatically generate image thickness information, image roughness information, image damage information, image crack information, etc. of each area of ​​each coating detection area 43 (non-abrasive coating 50, uncleaned antifouling coating 41 area and antifouling coating 40 cleaned area 42), that is, the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear grade index can be obtained through data information analysis through the image automatic stitching program.

[0059] The specific data information analysis process, the calculation and evaluation basis of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear grade index are as follows: (1) The calculation formula of the coating loss thickness index is: The coating loss thickness ΔH=the coating thickness of the antifouling coating 41 area that has not been cleaned-the coating thickness of the antifouling coating 40 cleaned area 42.

[0060] (2) The calculation formula for the coating surface roughness change index is: Coating surface roughness change ΔR z=The coating surface roughness of the antifouling coating 40 in the cleaned area 42 - the coating surface roughness of the antifouling coating 41 area that has not been cleaned.

[0061] (3) Microscale wear grade assessment The damage area rating method is shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Damage area level Damaged area, % 1 No visible damage 2 ≤1 3 ≤5 4 ≤10 5 >10 The percentage of damaged area = the measured damaged area in the cleaning area 42 of the antifouling coating 40 (calculated in the coating detection area 43) ÷ the area of ​​the cleaning area 42 in the coating detection area 43 × 100%.

[0062] The damage grade rating method is shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 Damage size level Damage size, mm S1 No visible damage S2 ≤0.3 S3 ≤0.5 S4 ≤1 S5 >1 The damage size is the maximum size of the damaged part; The evaluation method of the number of cracks is shown in Table 3 below: Table 3 Crack quantity level <![CDATA[Number of cracks per unit area, mm / 100mm 2 > 1 No visible cracks 2 ≤5 3 ≤10 4 ≤20 5 ＞20 The number of cracks per unit area is: per unit area (100mm 2 ) of the anti-fouling coating 40 in the cleaning area 42 (the length of the cracks in the coating detection area 43 is calculated).

[0063] The crack size rating method is shown in Table 4 below: Table 4 Crack size grade Crack width, μm L1 No visible cracks L2 ≤10 L3 ≤30 L4 ≤50 L5 ＞50 Wherein, the crack width is the maximum width of the crack; The micro-scale wear level is assessed using the damage level and crack level, as shown in Table 5 below; Table 5

[0064] It should be noted that: in Table 5, when the grades from good to bad in the four individual grades are inconsistent, the worse grade is taken as the final micro-scale wear grade. For example, when the damage area grade is 2 and is rated as good, the damage size grade is S3 and is rated as medium, the crack number grade is 2 and is rated as good, and the crack size grade is L2 and is rated as good, then the worst grade among the four items is finally taken as the micro-scale wear grade.

[0065] Specifically in S4, the detection process of the coating water contact angle change index is as follows: The process of detecting the coating water contact angle change index is as follows: providing a water contact angle measuring instrument; using the water contact angle measuring instrument to measure the coating water contact angle of the uncleaned antifouling coating 41 area and the coating water contact angle of the cleaned area 42 of the antifouling coating 40; Wherein, the calculation formula of the coating water contact angle change index is: The coating water contact angle change ΔWCA=the coating water contact angle of the antifouling coating 41 area that has not been cleaned minus the coating water contact angle of the antifouling coating 40 area that has been cleaned.

[0066] Specifically in S5, the evaluation method of the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40 is: In the coating loss level assessment step, the coating loss level is assessed according to the coating surface state index to evaluate the cleaning resistance of the anti-fouling coating 40. It should be noted that: for the assessment of the coating loss level, the coating loss level assessment method can be directly set to the control system 600 for data processing, or the coating loss level can be manually assessed according to the coating surface state index.

[0067] The specific coating loss level assessment method is: (1) For the antifouling coating 40 which is an abrasive or self-polishing antifouling paint, the coating loss grade assessment method is as shown in Table 6: Table 6

[0068] (2) For fouling-desorption antifouling paint, the coating loss grade assessment method is shown in Table 7: Table 7

[0069] Table 6-7 above is the coating loss grade assessment, among which, the coating loss grade assessment of self-polishing or abrasive antifouling paint needs to refer to three items: coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness and micro-scale wear grade. The coating loss grade assessment of fouling and desorption antifouling paint needs to refer to three items: coating surface roughness, micro-scale wear grade and coating water contact angle.

[0070] It should be noted that: In Table 6-7, when the grades of good to bad in the three individual grades are inconsistent, the worse grade is taken as the final coating loss grade. For example, when the coating loss thickness ΔH≤1μm is assessed as good, the coating surface roughness change ≤25μm is assessed as medium, and the micro-scale wear grade is assessed as good, the worst grade among the three items is finally taken as the coating loss grade.

[0071] For newly developed antifouling paints that are not abrasive, self-polishing or fouling-desorption types, relevant test items may be selected from the four items as appropriate, or corresponding test items may be added based on the characteristics of the newly developed antifouling paints.

[0072] In addition, for the above-mentioned experimental equipment 20 and index detection equipment 10, the components thereof may be designed as follows: (1) For the components of the experimental device 20: Optionally, the sample 30 is a plate that is not easy to corrode or deform; for example, a steel plate, a PVC plate or other plates that are not easy to corrode or deform.

[0073] Optionally, a plurality of positioning holes 31 are provided on the periphery of the sample 30, and a mounting structure is provided at the bottom of the trough body 2100, wherein the mounting structure comprises a planar protrusion 2410, a rubber pad 2420, and a pressure strip 2430; wherein, a planar protrusion 2410 for loading the sample 30 is provided at the bottom of the trough body 2100, and a plurality of screw holes matching the positioning holes 31 are respectively provided on the pressure strip 2430, the rubber pad 2420, and the protrusion, and the fastener 2440 is sequentially penetrated through the pressure strip 2430, the sample 30, the rubber pad 2420, and the protrusion to fix the sample 30 to the bottom of the trough body 2100. Positioning holes 31 and mounting structures are designed on the periphery of the sample 30 to prevent the mounting structure from hindering the coating detection.

[0074] Optionally, the brush plate 2300 is made of nylon, steel wire, rubber, or sponge. It should be noted that the brush plate 2300 of the experimental device 20 may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of nylon, steel wire, rubber, and sponge.

[0075] (2) For the indicator detection device 10: Optionally, the control system 600 is a PC with a built-in automatic image stitching program, and can be integrated with the control system 600 of the experimental equipment 20 into the same PC, that is, a PC with a built-in automatic image stitching program and a built-in motor control program is selected.

[0076] Optionally, the 3D scanning microscope 500 has a Z-axis optical resolution of ≤0.10 μm, an X-axis optical resolution of ≤2.0 μm, and a Y-axis optical resolution of ≤2.0 μm; and its scanning method is one or more combinations of white light interferometry, phase interferometry, confocal, fused confocal, and focal plane superposition.

[0077] It should be noted that: In the embodiment of the present application, the positioning line 330 of the XY axis movable sample stage 400 is designed to cooperate with the marking line 32 of the sample 30, so that the position of the sample 30 can be manually rotated to change the detection area. According to the above design concept, a rotating table electrically connected to the control system 600 can also be designed above the XY axis movable sample stage 400, and then the sample 30 is placed on the rotating table, and by controlling parameters such as the rotation angle and the rotation interval time, the 3D scanning microscope 500 is used to rotate with the rotating table on the XY axis movable sample stage 400 to realize the scanning of multiple detection areas one by one.

[0078] This application also provides the following implementation experiments and comparative experiments: Six commercial antifouling coating 40 systems, "commercial sample A", "commercial samples B1 and B2", "commercial sample C" and "commercial samples D1 and D2", were selected for experiment and evaluation.

[0079] Commercially available sample A is an abrasive copper-containing antifouling coating, commercially available samples B1 and B2 are self-polishing copper-containing antifouling coatings, commercially available sample C is a self-polishing copper-free antifouling coating, and commercially available samples D1, D2 and D3 are fouling-desorption antifouling coatings.

[0080] The experimental process is: (1) Preparation of sample 30 Prepare a steel plate of 250mm*250mm*3mm, sandblast the surface of the steel plate to Sa.2.5 level; use air spray for construction, one coat of epoxy anti-rust primer, film thickness 100μm; one coat of intermediate paint, film thickness 80μm; two coats of antifouling paint, film thickness 250μm. After the antifouling coating is completely dry for 40 minutes, follow Figure 6 Schematic diagram, a certain area of ​​the antifouling coating 40 is exposed by covering the center of the antifouling coating 40 with a tape, and then a chlorinated rubber topcoat is sprayed on the exposed area to form a circular covering layer with a diameter of 20 mm as the non-abrasive coating 50. After the non-abrasive coating 50 is dry, the tape is torn off, and the sample 30 is obtained after the non-abrasive coating 50 is completely dry. Five parallel samples are prepared for each type of antifouling coating.

[0081] (2) Evaluation of coating cleaning resistance Comparative experiment 1: The method described in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202311173357.5 was used to test the cleaning resistance of the coating. The test method is: the "commercially available sample A", "commercially available samples B1, B2", "commercially available sample C" and "commercially available samples D1, D2, D3" samples 30 were respectively subjected to friction tests, the turntable speed was set to 60rmp, the cycle was repeated 500 times, and the weight loss was expressed as the difference in coating mass before and after.

[0082] Comparative experiment 2: The method described in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202310758951.4 was used to test the cleaning resistance of the coating. The test method is as follows: 30 samples of "commercially available sample A", "commercially available samples B1, B2", "commercially available sample C" and "commercially available samples D1, D2, D3" were immersed in artificial seawater for 30 days and then taken out. The water droplets on the surface were gently absorbed with a wiping paper and weighed. M 0.

[0083] After rubbing the same area of ​​the surface back and forth for a specified number of times with a brush, rinse the surface with artificial seawater, gently absorb the water droplets on the surface with a wipe paper, and weigh it. M w . Use weight loss " M 0- M w " represents the cleaning resistance. The larger the value, the worse the cleaning resistance. The brush filaments are made of the same material as the brush plate 2300 of Experiment 1 of the present application.

[0084] Implementation of Experiment 1: Step 1: Four types of samples 30, namely "commercially available sample A", "commercially available samples B1, B2", "commercially available sample C" and "commercially available samples D1, D2, D3", were placed in artificial seawater at a temperature of 23±2°C. After immersion for 30 days, the samples 30 were taken out for underwater cleaning experiments.

[0085] Step 2: The sample 30 is fixed to the tank 2100 (the tank 2100 is filled with artificial seawater) of the experimental equipment 20. The brush plate 2300 is moved to the top of the coating and in contact with the coating through the lifting module 2220, and the control system 600 is turned on. The parameters of the motor 2230 are set through the motor 2230 control program to clean the sample 30. The parameters of the motor 2230 are normal force 8.0N, rotation speed 250rpm, and cleaning time 10s.

[0086] The inner diameter of the selected annular brush wire is 40 mm, and the diameter of the circular non-abrasive coating 50 is 10 mm; Step 3: After the underwater cleaning experiment, the sample 30 was taken out, the surface of the sample 30 was rinsed with tap water, and the coating surface state index was tested after drying for 3 days at an ambient temperature of (23±2)°C and a relative humidity of (50±5)%. The coating surface state index includes coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness change, micro-scale wear grade and coating water contact angle change index.

[0087] 1. Detection of coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness and micro-scale wear level: 1) Referring to the detection method described in the above embodiment, the sample 30 after the cleaning test is placed on the table of the XY axis movable sample stage 400. During the installation process, the first pair of marking lines 32 on the side of the sample 30 are adjusted to be aligned with the positioning lines 330 on the table of the XY axis movable sample stage 400 (see Figure 7 , Figure 8 ), there are 3 pairs of marking lines 32 on the side of the sample 30, that is, only 3 coating detection areas 43 are scanned.

[0088] 2) Detection using 3D scanning microscope 500: like Figure 7 As shown, the coating detection area 43 of the 3D scanning microscope 500 is set to be a long strip with a length of 10 cm, which passes through the non-abrasive coating 50 and extends radially from the center of the non-abrasive coating 50 to the outer diameter of the cleaning area 42. The image automatic stitching program is opened by a computer, wherein the scanning mode of the 3D scanning microscope 500 adopts a confocal scanning mode; Parameter settings of 3D scanning microscope 500: using 5x confocal lens, vertical (Z-axis) resolution is 75 nm, and X- and Y-axis optical resolution is 0.93 μm.

[0089] The coating scanning mode parameters are set through the image automatic stitching program. The stitching setting parameters are as follows: Fig.10 As shown: the splicing start position is set (X, Y) to (-0.0000, -0.0000), the number of splicing columns is 4, the number of splicing rows is 33, and the coating size of the splicing area is 99.99mm*10.70mm in length*width (i.e. the size of the coating detection area 43). The scanning time under this program is 10 minutes and 24 seconds; After the 3D scanning microscope 500 scans a coating inspection area 43, the second pair of marking lines 32 on the side of the template 30 and the positioning lines 330 on the table surface of the XY axis moving sample table 400 are adjusted to be aligned, and the 3D scanning microscope 500 performs a second coating scan, and so on, until the three coating tests are completed, wherein all inspection items are tested in the three coatings, and the average value of the three coatings is taken.

[0090] 3) Obtaining coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness change, and micro-scale wear grade index: The control system 600 obtains the detection data of the coating detection area 43, and obtains one or more indicators of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear level through data information analysis.

[0091] The 3D scanning microscope 500 scans the coating inspection area 43 and transmits the information to the control system 600 connected thereto. The built-in automatic image stitching program realizes automatic image stitching and automatically generates image information of each area of ​​each coating inspection area 43, such as Fig.11 As shown, the control system 600 generates a data analysis diagram, which displays information of each area of ​​the uncleaned antifouling coating 41 area, the cleaned area 42, the coating 44 before seawater immersion, and the coating 45 before the cleaning experiment.

[0092] Among them, the specific data information analysis process, the calculation and evaluation basis of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear grade index are the same as those described in the above embodiment.

[0093] 2. Coating water contact angle change index The water contact angle measuring instrument is used to measure the coating water contact angle of the unbrushed antifouling coating 41 area and the coating water contact angle of the brushed area 42 of the antifouling coating 40, and obtain the coating water contact angle change index.

[0094] Step 4: According to the coating surface state index, the coating loss level is evaluated to assess the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40. The specific evaluation basis is the same as that described in the above embodiment.

[0095] Implementation of Experiment 2: The only difference from Experiment 1 is: motor 2230 parameters, normal force: 2.5N, rotation speed: 250rpm, cleaning time: 10s, and the remaining steps are the same as Experiment 1.

[0096] Implementation of Experiment 3: The only difference from Experiment 1 is: motor 2230 parameters, normal force: 8.0N, speed: 700rpm, cleaning time: 10s, and the remaining steps are the same as Experiment 1.

[0097] Conduct experiments and compare experimental results The evaluation results of the implementation experiment and the comparative experiment are shown in Tables 8-10 below: Table 8 Evaluation results of coating cleaning resistance 1

[0098] Table 9 Evaluation results of coating cleaning resistance 2

[0099] Table 10 Antifouling performance verification test results of the coating after cleaning experiment

[0100] The antifouling performance test in Table 10 is a verification test. The antifouling performance of the samples after the cleaning experiment is tested in accordance with the shallow sea immersion test method of GB / T 5370-2007 antifouling paint sample. Among them, no fouling organisms grow on the uncleaned parts of all experimental samples.

[0101] For self-polishing or abrasive antifouling coatings (samples A, B1, B2, C), the surface roughness ΔRz (μm) and micro-scale wear grade of the coating in Experiment 1 are not bad, and its antifouling effect is most closely related to the coating thickness, that is, the greater the coating loss thickness during each underwater cleaning, the easier it is for the coating to fail. During a period of marine life, after one underwater robot cleaning, the coating can still maintain good antifouling performance because the thickness of the coating remains within the effective period of antifouling performance.

[0102] For the fouling-desorption antifouling coatings (D1, D2, D3), since their antifouling performance is related to the surface performance of the coating, during a period of peak marine life, after an underwater robot cleaning, the coating surface is damaged and the antifouling performance is affected.

[0103] Among them, antifouling performance (%) = the contaminated area of ​​the cleaning area 42 ÷ the area of ​​the cleaning area 42 × 100%. The larger the value, the worse the antifouling performance.

[0104] In summary, compared with the prior art, the test method for the cleaning resistance of the marine antifouling coating 40 provided in the present application has the following design concepts and beneficial effects: The present invention provides an experimental and testing device and evaluation method for the cleaning resistance of a marine antifouling coating 40, which realizes a reliable evaluation of the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40 in a short time and efficiently in the laboratory, provides scientific data support for the research and development of the antifouling coating 40, and shortens the cycle from laboratory development to practical application of the antifouling coating 40 system. The design concept is: a) Use artificial seawater immersion experiment to simulate the actual application environment The application environment of the antifouling coating 40 is in seawater. Compared with the coating not immersed in seawater, the surface state of the coating will change after being immersed in seawater. For example, after the antifouling coating 40 containing an antifouling agent is immersed in seawater, as the antifouling agent and other pigments and fillers are desorbed and dissolved, a seepage layer will be generated on the surface of the coating. At this time, the surface state of the coating changes greatly compared with the initial surface state without being immersed in seawater. Therefore, an artificial seawater immersion experiment is used to simulate the actual application environment of the antifouling coating 40.

[0105] b) Using experimental equipment 20 to conduct underwater cleaning experiments to simulate the actual operating environment of underwater robots The actual operating environment of the underwater robot is also in seawater. Compared with working in the air, the damage of the underwater robot's brush head to the underwater coating, the cleaning force, the cleaning efficiency, etc. are all different. Therefore, the experimental equipment 20 is used to conduct underwater cleaning experiments to simulate the actual operating environment of the underwater robot.

[0106] c) Use 3D scanning microscope 500 for detection to obtain multiple coating information in one go and without loss Through the brush head design of the experimental equipment 20, the design of the sample 30 and the parameter design of the 3D scanning microscope 500, the test steps of the coating thickness are greatly simplified, and the detection is a non-destructive test. The sample 30 after the detection can continue to carry out subsequent experiments. By using the 3D scanning microscope 500 for detection, information on the coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness and micro-scale wear level can be obtained, and the detection is accurate and efficient.

[0107] d) The coating loss grade assessment method is used to assess the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40.

[0108] The application environment of the antifouling coating 40 is special, and different types of antifouling coatings 40 vary greatly. Using a single indicator to evaluate the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40 often loses sight of one thing while focusing on another. Combining the above-mentioned multiple detection indicators and using a coating loss grade assessment method can reliably and efficiently assess the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40.

[0109] Beneficial effects: This application scheme evaluates the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40 through artificial seawater immersion experiments, underwater cleaning experiments, coating detection and coating loss level assessment. Its main advantage is that it can reliably assess the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating 40 in a short time in the laboratory, provide scientific data support for the research and development of the antifouling coating 40, and shorten the cycle from laboratory development to practical application of the antifouling coating 40 system.

[0110] It should be noted that: Although the terms such as tank, bracket, lifting module, motor, transmission rod, brush plate, etc. are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of this application; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of this application; the terms "first", "second", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of the embodiments of this application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0111] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the cleaning resistance of a marine antifouling coating, characterized in that: An experimental device is provided, which includes a sample for coating, a trough for accommodating the sample, a brush plate, a driving device for driving the brush plate to rotate and move up and down, and a control system electrically connected to the driving device; wherein the control system has a display and control function, and is used to control the operating state of the driving device and display the operating parameters of the driving device; The test method includes the following steps: Coating sample: coating the antifouling coating on the surface of the sample, and coating the non-abrasive coating covering the antifouling coating at the center of the antifouling coating; Artificial seawater immersion test: the sample coated with the coating is immersed in artificial seawater for a certain period of time; Underwater cleaning experiment: take out the sample after immersion and fix it into a tank filled with artificial seawater so that the sample is immersed in water; start the experimental equipment, control the driving device through the control system to drive the brush disc, so that the brush disc moves to the top of the sample and contacts the coating, and control the driving device to operate according to the set operating parameters, so that the brush disc rotates on the coating to clean the sample to form a cleaning area on the antifouling coating, and the cleaning area avoids the non-abrasive coating; Coating detection: Detect the coating surface condition index of the sample after the underwater cleaning experiment; wherein, the coating surface condition index includes one or more indicators selected from the group consisting of coating loss thickness, coating surface roughness change, micro-scale wear level and coating water contact angle change; Evaluation of coating loss level: The cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating is evaluated by the coating surface state index.

2. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device includes a motor, a transmission rod, a liftable module, and a bracket for carrying the liftable module; wherein the output end of the motor is connected to the brush plate through the transmission rod, and the liftable module is connected to the motor, so that the liftable module drives the motor to move up and down to drive the brush plate to move up and down, and the motor drives the transmission rod to rotate to drive the brush plate to rotate; the motor has a built-in sensor, and the control system is connected to the motor and the sensor to control the operating state of the motor and display the operating parameters of the motor; The bottom surface of the trough body is provided with a mounting structure for fixing the template.

3. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush filaments on the bottom surface of the brush disc are annular, and the rotation axis of the brush disc coincides with the center of the brush filaments; The non-abrasive coating is circular, and the inner diameter of the annular brush filament is larger than the diameter of the non-abrasive coating, so that when the brush disc contacts the coating of the sample, the center of the brush filament coincides with the center of the non-abrasive coating, and the brush filament is located on the periphery of the non-abrasive coating, so that the formed annular cleaning area avoids the non-abrasive coating.

4. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the artificial seawater immersion test step, the sample is immersed in artificial seawater at a temperature of (23±2)°C for n days; wherein n≥14; In the underwater cleaning experimental step, the inner diameter of the annular brush wire is 40 to 60 mm, and the diameter of the circular non-abrasive coating is 10 to 20 mm; In the underwater cleaning experiment step, the driving device rotates and operates according to the set operating parameters; wherein the operating parameters are set according to the type of antifouling coating and the type of robot, and the operating parameters include normal force, rotation speed and cleaning time; In the coating detection step, after the underwater cleaning experiment is completed, the sample is taken out, the surface of the sample is cleaned with tap water, and the coating surface status index is detected after the sample is dried.

5. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of detecting one or more indicators of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear level is as follows: Provided is an index detection device, comprising an XY axis movable sample stage for carrying and fixing the sample, a 3D scanning microscope arranged above the XY axis movable sample stage, and the control system; wherein the relative position of the XY axis movable sample stage and the 3D scanning microscope is adjustable; the control system is connected with the 3D scanning microscope and the XY axis movable sample stage to control their operating states; the control system has built-in image automatic stitching program and XY axis movable sample stage control program; The process of detecting indicators includes the following steps: S100, adjusting the position of the sample and fixing the sample on the XY axis moving sample stage; S200, turn on the control system, set the coating scanning mode parameters through the image automatic stitching program, set the scanning stitching mode of a single coating detection area and set the stitching start position, and locate the scanning stitching area of ​​the coating detection area by adjusting the relative position of the XY axis moving sample stage and the 3D scanning microscope; Wherein, each scanning splicing area of ​​the coating detection area is a long strip whose length is greater than the outer diameter of the cleaning area, and the scanning splicing area extends radially from the center of the non-abrasive coating to the outer diameter of the cleaning area at both ends, so that the scanning splicing area covers the non-abrasive coating, the uncleaned anti-fouling coating area and the anti-fouling coating cleaning area; S300, after the 3D scanning microscope scans one coating inspection area, the position of the sample is adjusted, and the 3D scanning microscope scans the second coating inspection area; the above steps are repeated until the M coating inspection areas are tested; S400, the control system obtains detection data of the coating detection area, and obtains one or more indicators of the coating loss thickness, the coating surface roughness change, and the micro-scale wear level through data information analysis.

6. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The table surface of the XY axis movable sample table is provided with a positioning line, and M pairs of marking lines are provided on both sides of the sample plate, and the connecting line of each pair of marking lines passes through the center of the non-abrasive coating and maintains the same direction as the radial direction of the non-abrasive coating; In the S100, the position of the sample is adjusted so that the first pair of the marking lines are aligned with the positioning lines, and the sample is fixed to the table of the XY axis movable sample table; In S300, after the 3D scanning microscope scans one coating inspection area, the position of the sample is adjusted so that the second pair of marking lines of the sample are aligned with the positioning lines, and the 3D scanning microscope scans the second coating inspection area; the above steps are repeated until the testing of M coating inspection areas is completed; wherein, M≥3.

7. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the data information analysis process, the coating loss thickness index is calculated as follows: coating loss thickness ΔH = coating thickness of the antifouling coating area that has not been cleaned - coating thickness of the antifouling coating area that has been cleaned; The calculation formula of the coating surface roughness change index is: coating surface roughness change ΔR z = the surface roughness of the coating in the cleaned area of ​​the antifouling coating minus the surface roughness of the coating in the uncleaned area of ​​the antifouling coating; The damage area rating is as follows: The calculation formula of the percentage of damaged area is: percentage of damaged area = measured damaged area in the antifouling coating cleaning area ÷ area of ​​the cleaning area in the coating detection area × 100%; The damage grade is assessed as follows: The damage size is the maximum size of the damaged part; The crack quantity rating is as follows: Wherein, the number of cracks per unit area is: the cumulative length of cracks in the cleaning area of ​​the antifouling coating per unit area; The crack size rating is as follows: Wherein, the crack width is the maximum width of the crack; The micro-scale wear grade is assessed by using the damage area grade, damage size grade, crack quantity grade, and crack size grade; the micro-scale wear grade is assessed as follows:

8. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of detecting the coating water contact angle change index is as follows: Provide a water contact angle measuring instrument; Using the water contact angle measuring instrument to measure the coating water contact angle of the unbrushed antifouling coating area and the coating water contact angle of the brushed antifouling coating area; The calculation formula of the coating water contact angle change index is: coating water contact angle change ΔWCA=coating water contact angle of the antifouling coating area that has not been cleaned-coating water contact angle of the antifouling coating area that has been cleaned.

9. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the coating loss level assessment step, the coating loss level is assessed according to the coating surface state index to evaluate the cleaning resistance of the antifouling coating; For antifouling coatings that are abrasive or self-polishing, the coating loss level is assessed as follows: For the antifouling coating which is a fouling-desorption type antifouling paint, the coating loss grade is assessed as follows:

10. The method for testing the cleaning resistance of marine antifouling coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample plate is a plate that is not easy to corrode or deform; And / or, a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the periphery of the sample, and a mounting structure is provided at the bottom of the trough body, and the mounting structure includes a planar protrusion, a rubber pad, and a pressure strip; wherein, a planar protrusion for loading the sample is provided at the bottom of the trough body, and a plurality of screw holes matching the positioning holes are respectively provided on the pressure strip, the rubber pad, and the protrusion, and fasteners are sequentially penetrated through the pressure strip, the sample, the rubber pad, and the protrusion to fix the sample to the bottom of the trough body; And / or, the brush plate is made of one of nylon, steel wire, rubber and sponge; And / or, the control system is a PC with display and control functions, the PC has a built-in motor control program, and the PC is connected to the motor and the built-in sensor of the motor to control the operating state of the motor and display the operating parameters transmitted by the sensor.

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