Wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased-array antenna delay compensation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave phased-array antennas, and discloses a wide instantaneous bandwidth multichannel phased-array antenna delay compensation method, comprising: dividing an antenna array plane and antenna units thereof, the antenna array plane comprising m secondary delay sub-arrays, each secondary delay sub-array comprising n primary delay sub-arrays, each first-level delay sub-array comprises k antenna units; each secondary delay sub-array is configured to share one delay line link, and a plurality of delay chips are cascaded to serve as a secondary delay line; configuring each first-stage delay sub-array to share one delay line link, and cascading a plurality of delay chips to serve as a first-stage delay line; each stage of delay line is realized through a T / R assembly and / or a feed assembly; and delay compensation is carried out on each antenna unit through a digital phase shifter in the T / R assembly, a delay chip of the first-stage delay line and a delay chip of the second-stage delay line. The method can effectively solve the problems of beam space dispersion, beam pointing deviation and the like of the large-instantaneous-bandwidth multi-channel phased-array antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave phased array antennas, and in particular to a delay compensation method for a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic technology, electronic devices with various functions continue to emerge, and the requirements for the functions that radar systems can achieve are increasing day by day. Traditional phased array antennas are only controlled by phase shifters, which is essentially a narrowband system. For large instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antennas, due to the existence of aperture effects and beam spatial dispersion, the spatial synthesis of beams at different frequencies is inconsistent, and the spatial synthesis of broadband signal transmission beams cannot be achieved, and there are problems such as beam pointing offset. In addition, when narrowband phased array antennas transmit broadband signals, the signal power synthesis efficiency of array antenna units is also limited. Therefore, if measures such as time delay control are not adopted, effective radiation and reception of instantaneous bandwidth signals cannot be achieved.

[0003] On the one hand, the currently available time delay control measures are usually to integrate the delay inside the RF channel. When the phased array antenna aperture is large and the number of antenna units is large, the solution requires a large number of chips and is costly.

[0004] For example, the invention patent CN113253210B discloses a fully digital frequency-shifted, large instantaneous broadband phased array and method, which includes an array antenna unit, a T / R component, a digital phase shifter, a frequency conversion component, and a frequency-shifted phase shifter. The frequency-shifted phase shifter is used to calculate the required initial phase and frequency compensation value of the transmit / receive signal, complete the compensation of the signal, and ensure that each signal is output with equal amplitude and phase; the frequency conversion component is used to shift the frequency of the compensated transmit / receive signal and move the output signal to the radio frequency band for transmission; the digital phase shifter is used to compensate the phase of each transmit signal again, or to compensate the phase of each receive signal for the first time; the T / R component is used to connect to the array antenna unit to send and receive signals. The implementation steps are as follows: (1) Retrieve the data pre-calibrated and stored in the darkroom transmission calibration mode, calculate the required initial phase and frequency compensation values ​​of the transmission signal through the frequency shifter, complete the signal compensation, and ensure that each signal is output with equal amplitude and phase; (2) Perform frequency shifting on the compensated signal, and move the output signal to the RF band for transmission; (3) Perform phase compensation on each transmission signal again through the digital phase shifter to eliminate the phase error caused by device inconsistency and inconsistency between channels; (4) Adjust the amplitude and phase through the attenuator in the T / R component to ensure amplitude consistency, and feed the signal to the array antenna unit after amplification through the amplifier to radiate the signal.

[0005] Although the patent solves the problems of beam spatial dispersion and beam pointing offset through a fully digital frequency shift and phase shift method, the solution of the patent requires a frequency conversion component to be placed in each unit link of the antenna array. The frequency conversion component is large and expensive. If there are too many of them, it is difficult to use them in the phased array antenna system of the millimeter wave frequency band. Especially in the field of satellite communications, it is common to have thousands or even tens of thousands of antenna units. This solution requires thousands or tens of thousands of frequency conversion components, which will be very expensive and cannot meet the structural design requirements. Therefore, this solution can only be applied to phased array antennas with a small number of channels, and is not easy to use in phased array antennas with a large number of channels and wide instantaneous bandwidth, and has poor versatility.

[0006] For another example, invention patent application CN107966689A discloses a delay circuit group for a broadband phased array, including a delay circuit, a receiving / transmitting circuit, a wave control circuit, and a power supply circuit. The scheme is compensated by an independent delay component, including a box body, a cover plate for sealing the box body, a microwave multilayer substrate arranged in the box body, and a delay circuit group arranged on the surface of the microwave multilayer substrate. The delay circuit includes a low-order delay branch including a low-order delay chip and a high-order delay branch including a middle-order and high-order delay chips. The low-order delay branch and the high-order delay branch can be selected by a switch chip. The two branches use delay chips with different delay steps, where the delay step of the low-order delay chip is 5.5ps, the delay step of the middle-order delay chip is 22ps, and the high-order delay step is 88ps.

[0007] Although the patent proposes a delay circuit to solve spatial dispersion, from an architectural point of view, the solution still belongs to a first-level delay architecture, and in the case of different delay amounts, different delay branches need to be selected through switches, and the two delay branches cannot work at the same time, which makes the device utilization rate low, the circuit design more complicated, and the number of devices used is more, especially in large arrays with many channels. Since there is only one level of architecture, many delay components are required, and the number of chips and costs are doubled; from the content point of view, the patent only provides a delay circuit group, and does not provide a specific delay calculation strategy. Since the steps of all delay chips in the two delay branches are different, and the calculation of the delay wavelength is related to the delay step, this means that it is necessary to calculate the delay wavelengths required for the two branches separately, and then select a delay branch based on the calculation results and write the delay wavelength into the delay chip. The delay calculation method required for this delay circuit is also more complicated.

[0008] On the other hand, improving the instantaneous bandwidth of the phased array can effectively improve the target distance measurement accuracy; it is conducive to obtaining high resolution; it improves the radar's anti-reconnaissance and anti-interference capabilities; and it helps to suppress multipath signal interference. Therefore, the development and design of multi-channel broadband phased array antennas with large instantaneous bandwidth has important practical application value.

[0009] In summary, for the current large-aperture, large-instantaneous, multi-channel, bandwidth-broadband phased array antennas, it is urgent to formulate a more reasonable delay loading strategy that comprehensively considers antenna performance and cost. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna delay compensation method, which is a more reasonable delay loading strategy after comprehensively considering antenna performance and cost, which can reduce costs and solve problems such as beam spatial dispersion and beam pointing offset.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for delay compensation of a phased array antenna with wide instantaneous bandwidth and multiple channels, comprising: The antenna array surface and its antenna units are divided, wherein the antenna array surface includes m secondary delay sub-arrays, each secondary delay sub-array includes n primary delay sub-arrays, and each primary delay sub-array includes k antenna units; Each secondary delay sub-array is configured to share a delay line link, which is cascaded through multiple delay chips to serve as a secondary delay line; each primary delay sub-array is configured to share a delay line link, which is cascaded through multiple delay chips to serve as a primary delay line; each level of delay line is realized through T / R components and / or feeding components; Delay compensation is performed on each antenna unit through the digital phase shifter in the T / R component, the delay chip of the first-level delay line, and the delay chip of the second-level delay line.

[0012] Furthermore, the delay compensation for each antenna unit is performed through the digital phase shifter in the T / R component, the delay chip of the first-level delay line, and the delay chip of the second-level delay line, including: When the antenna unit receives the angle instruction, it calculates the wavelength of each level of delay sub-array and writes it into the corresponding delay chip, then calculates the phase code and writes it into the T / R component, thereby forming a beam that meets the requirements and realizing delay compensation.

[0013] Furthermore, the wavelength of each level of delay sub-array is calculated and written into the corresponding delay chip, and then the phase code is calculated and written into the T / R component, including: Calculate the phase step of the delay chip, receive the angle command issued by the signal processor, and obtain information including the angle value and frequency code; Calculate the maximum theoretical phase of the entire array, each first-level delay sub-array and each second-level delay sub-array, and calculate the wavelength of the delay chip corresponding to each first-level delay sub-array and second-level delay sub-array; Perform near-field calibration and delay state calibration on each antenna unit of the antenna array; The final actual phase of each antenna unit is calculated and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip to form a beam that meets the requirements.

[0014] Furthermore, the phase stepping of the calculation delay chip includes: According to the delay chip model selected for the phased array antenna, the phase corresponding to the minimum delay step time of the delay chip, that is, the phase step ph_chip of the delay chip, is calculated. The calculation method includes: ph_chip = 2π*delay chip center frequency*delay step / 1000.

[0015] Furthermore, the calculation of the maximum theoretical phase of the entire array, each primary delay sub-array and each secondary delay sub-array includes: According to the order of antenna units and the divided first-level delay subarrays and second-level delay subarrays, the maximum theoretical phase ph_all of one antenna array is calculated, the maximum theoretical phase of m second-level delay subarrays [ph2_1, …, ph2_m] is calculated, and the maximum theoretical phase of m*n first-level delay subarrays [ph1_1_1, …, ph1_1_n, ph1_2_1, … , ph1_2_n, …, ph1_m_1, …, ph1_m_n] is calculated.

[0016] Furthermore, the calculation method of the theoretical phase includes:

[0017] Where C represents the theoretical phase, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, dx represents the X coordinate, dy represents the Y coordinate, θ represents the off-axis angle, and φ represents the rotation angle.

[0018] Furthermore, the wavelength calculation method of the delay chip corresponding to each secondary delay sub-array includes: The maximum theoretical phase value of each secondary delay sub-array is subtracted in turn from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array to obtain the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay; According to the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay, the calculated delay chip phase step ph_chip is calculated for the remainder operation, and the remainder obtained is the delay wavelength value of the delay chip corresponding to the secondary delay sub-array, and the wavelength of each secondary delay sub-array is written into the corresponding delay chip.

[0019] Furthermore, the wavelength calculation method of the delay chip corresponding to each first-level delay sub-array includes: The maximum theoretical phase value of each first-level delay sub-array is subtracted in turn from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array to obtain the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-level and corresponding second-level delay sub-array; According to the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-level and corresponding second-level delay sub-array, the calculated delay chip phase step ph_chip is calculated to obtain the remainder, and the remainder obtained is the total delay wavelength value of the first-level and second-level delay sub-arrays. Then, the corresponding calculated second-level delay wavelength is subtracted to obtain the delay wavelength value of each first-level delay sub-array and write it into the corresponding delay chip.

[0020] Furthermore, the performing near-field calibration and delayed-state calibration on each antenna unit of the antenna array includes: The delay chips corresponding to all the first-level delay sub-arrays and the second-level delay sub-arrays are configured to be in the 0 state, and each antenna unit is calibrated to obtain the calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl of each antenna unit; The delay wavelength of the secondary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~k and the delay wavelength of the primary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~j, and each antenna unit is calibrated to obtain the delay state calibration compensation phase △ph_delay_chnl of each antenna unit under each level of delay state combination.

[0021] Furthermore, the calculation of the final actual phase of each antenna unit and writing it into the T / R component multifunctional chip includes: Calculate the final actual phase of each antenna unit P = [theoretical phase of antenna unit - (secondary delay wavelength + primary delay wavelength) * phase step of delay chip ph_chip] + calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl + delay state calibration compensation phase △ph_delay_chnl; The phase value of each antenna unit is converted into a phase code and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip to form a beam that meets the requirements.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention can effectively solve the problems of spatial dispersion and beam pointing deviation of large instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna beams, improve the target distance measurement accuracy, and facilitate obtaining high resolution; it can improve the radar's anti-reconnaissance capability and anti-interference capability, and help suppress multipath signal interference.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology of integrating a first-level delay technology inside the RF channel through digital phase shifters, frequency conversion components and frequency shifting phase shifters, the present invention does not require the use of a large number of frequency conversion components, but only needs a small number of delay chips to solve the problem, which greatly reduces the number of chips used, saves costs, and has a wider range of application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the delay line link of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of delay sub-array division in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the delay compensation phase data format of embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna delay compensation method, including: The antenna array surface and its antenna units are divided, the antenna array surface includes m secondary delay sub-arrays, each secondary delay sub-array includes n primary delay sub-arrays, and each primary delay sub-array includes k antenna units; like Figure 2 As shown, each secondary delay sub-array is configured to share a delay line link, which can be cascaded by multiple delay chips as a secondary delay line; each primary delay sub-array is configured to share a delay line link, which can be cascaded by multiple delay chips as a primary delay line; each level of delay line is realized by a T / R component and / or a feed component, that is, the delay line can be realized inside the T / R component and the feed component, and can also be realized partially in the T / R component and partially in the feed component; Delay compensation is performed on each antenna unit through the digital phase shifter in the T / R component, the delay chip of the first-level delay line, and the delay chip of the second-level delay line.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the antenna unit receives the angle instruction, it calculates the wavelength of each level of delay sub-array and writes it into the corresponding delay chip, and then calculates the phase code and writes it into the T / R component, thereby forming a beam that meets the requirements and realizing delay compensation.

[0032] Specifically, the delay compensation of this embodiment can be implemented by the following steps: Calculate the phase step of the delay chip, receive the angle command issued by the signal processor, and obtain information including the angle value and frequency code; Calculate the maximum theoretical phase of the entire array, each first-level delay sub-array and each second-level delay sub-array, and calculate the wavelength of the delay chip corresponding to each first-level delay sub-array and second-level delay sub-array; Perform near-field calibration and delay state calibration on each antenna unit of the antenna array; The final actual phase of each antenna unit is calculated and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip to form a beam that meets the requirements.

[0033] Preferably, calculating the phase step of the delay chip includes: According to the delay chip model selected for the phased array antenna, the phase corresponding to the minimum delay step time of the delay chip, that is, the phase step ph_chip of the delay chip, is calculated. The calculation method includes: ph_chip = 2π*delay chip center frequency*delay step / 1000.

[0034] Preferably, calculating the maximum theoretical phase of the entire array, the primary delay subarray, and the secondary delay subarray includes: According to the order of antenna units and the divided first-level delay subarrays and second-level delay subarrays, the maximum theoretical phase ph_all of one antenna array is calculated, the maximum theoretical phase of m second-level delay subarrays [ph2_1, …, ph2_m] is calculated, and the maximum theoretical phase of m*n first-level delay subarrays [ph1_1_1, …, ph1_1_n, ph1_2_1, … , ph1_2_n, …, ph1_m_1, …, ph1_m_n] is calculated.

[0035] Among them, the calculation method of the theoretical phase includes:

[0036] Where C represents the theoretical phase, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, dx represents the X coordinate, dy represents the Y coordinate, θ represents the off-axis angle, and φ represents the rotation angle.

[0037] Preferably, the wavelength calculation method of the delay chip corresponding to each secondary delay sub-array includes: The maximum theoretical phase value of each secondary delay sub-array is subtracted in turn from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array to obtain the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay; According to the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay, the calculated delay chip phase step ph_chip is calculated to obtain the remainder, and the remainder obtained is the delay wavelength value of the delay chip corresponding to the secondary delay sub-array, and the wavelength of each secondary delay sub-array is written into the corresponding delay chip. According to specific needs, the secondary delay can be designed to use multiple delay chips in series.

[0038] Preferably, the wavelength calculation method of the delay chip corresponding to each first-level delay sub-array includes: The maximum theoretical phase value of each first-level delay sub-array is subtracted in turn from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array to obtain the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-level and corresponding second-level delay sub-array; According to the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-level and corresponding second-level delay subarray, the calculated delay chip phase step ph_chip is calculated to obtain the remainder, and the remainder obtained is the total delay wavelength value of the first-level and second-level delay subarrays. Then, the corresponding calculated second-level delay wavelength is subtracted to obtain the delay wavelength value of each first-level delay subarray and write it into the corresponding delay chip. According to specific needs, the first-level delay can be designed to use multiple delay chips in series.

[0039] Preferably, performing near-field calibration and delayed-state calibration on each antenna unit of the antenna array includes: The delay chips corresponding to all the first-level delay sub-arrays and the second-level delay sub-arrays are configured to be in the 0 state, and each antenna unit is calibrated to obtain the calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl of each antenna unit; The delay wavelength of the secondary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~k and the delay wavelength of the primary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~j, and each antenna unit is calibrated to obtain the delay state calibration compensation phase △ph_delay_chnl of each antenna unit under each level of delay state combination.

[0040] Preferably, the final actual phase of each antenna unit is calculated and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip, including: Calculate the final actual phase of each antenna unit P = [theoretical phase of antenna unit - (secondary delay wavelength + primary delay wavelength) * phase step of delay chip ph_chip] + calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl + delay state calibration compensation phase △ph_delay_chnl; The phase value of each antenna unit is converted into a phase code and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip to form a beam that meets the requirements.

[0041] Example 2 This embodiment is based on embodiment 1: like Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna delay compensation method, comprising the following steps: (1) Calculate the phase step of the delay chip.

[0042] According to the delay chip model selected by the phased array antenna, calculate the phase corresponding to the minimum delay step time of the delay chip, that is, the phase step ph_chip of the delay chip, and the calculation formula is: ph_chip = 2π * delay chip center frequency (GHz) * delay step (ps) / 1000; The phase step calculated by the delay chip selected in this embodiment is 360°.

[0043] (2) Receive the angle command issued by the signal processor and obtain information such as angle value and frequency code.

[0044] (3) Calculate the maximum theoretical phase of the entire array, each first-level delay sub-array, and each second-level delay sub-array.

[0045] The antenna unit is divided. In this embodiment, the antenna unit includes 4 secondary delay sub-arrays, one secondary delay sub-array includes 12 primary delay sub-arrays, one primary delay sub-array includes 64 antenna units, and the array plane has a total of 3072 antenna units. The array plane is divided as follows: Figure 4 As shown. According to the array unit sequence, the first-order delay sub-array and the second-order delay sub-array, the maximum theoretical phase ph_all of the whole array unit, the maximum theoretical phase of the four second-order delay sub-arrays [ph2_1, …, ph2_4] and the maximum theoretical phase of the 48 first-order delay sub-arrays [ph1_1_1, …, ph1_1_12, ph1_2_1, …, ph1_2_12, …, ph1_4_1, …, ph1_4_12] are calculated in turn. The theoretical phase calculation formula is:

[0046] Where C represents the theoretical phase, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, dx represents the X coordinate, dy represents the Y coordinate, θ represents the off-axis angle, and φ represents the rotation angle.

[0047] (4) Calculate the wavelength of the delay chip of each secondary delay sub-array.

[0048] (a) Subtract the maximum theoretical phase value of each secondary delay sub-array from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array in turn to obtain the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay.

[0049] (b) The phase value of each secondary delay subarray is subjected to a remainder operation on the delay chip phase step ph_chip calculated in (1), and the remainder obtained is the delay wavelength value of the delay chip of the secondary delay subarray, and the wavelength of each secondary delay subarray is written into the corresponding delay chip.

[0050] (5) Calculate the wavelength of each delay chip in the first-level delay subarray (a) Subtract the maximum theoretical phase value of each first-order delay sub-array from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array in turn to obtain the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-order and corresponding second-order delay sub-array.

[0051] (b) The phase value is used to calculate the remainder of the delay chip phase step ph_chip calculated in (1). The remainder is the total delay wavelength value of the first and second delay sub-arrays. The corresponding second-order delay wavelength calculated in (4) is subtracted to obtain the delay wavelength value of each first-order delay sub-array and write it into the corresponding delay chip.

[0052] (6) Array unit calibration All delay chips in all first-level delay sub-arrays and second-level delay sub-arrays are configured to be in the 0 state, and each unit of the antenna array is calibrated to obtain the calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl of each unit of the antenna.

[0053] (7) Antenna array unit delay state calibration The delay wavelength of the secondary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~7, and the first delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~7, and each unit of the antenna array is calibrated to obtain the delay state calibration compensation phase value △ph_delay_chnl of each antenna unit under each level of delay state combination. The delay state phase compensation data format is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0054] (8) Calculate the final actual phase written into each element of the antenna Calculate the final actual phase of the antenna unit P = [theoretical phase of the antenna unit - (secondary delay wavelength + primary delay wavelength) * ph_chip] + calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl + delay state calibration compensation phase value △ph_delay_chnl; The phase value of each antenna unit is converted into a phase code and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip.

[0055] (9) Beam forming.

[0056] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

Claims

1. A method for delay compensation of a phased array antenna with wide instantaneous bandwidth and multiple channels, characterized in that: include: The antenna array surface and its antenna units are divided, wherein the antenna array surface includes m secondary delay sub-arrays, each secondary delay sub-array includes n primary delay sub-arrays, and each primary delay sub-array includes k antenna units; Each secondary delay sub-array is configured to share a delay line link, which is cascaded through multiple delay chips to serve as a secondary delay line; each primary delay sub-array is configured to share a delay line link, which is cascaded through multiple delay chips to serve as a primary delay line; each level of delay line is realized through T / R components and / or feeding components; Delay compensation is performed on each antenna unit through the digital phase shifter in the T / R component, the delay chip of the first-level delay line, and the delay chip of the second-level delay line.

2. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delay compensation for each antenna unit is performed through the digital phase shifter in the T / R component, the delay chip of the first delay line and the delay chip of the second delay line, including: When the antenna unit receives the angle instruction, it calculates the wavelength of each level of delay sub-array and writes it into the corresponding delay chip, then calculates the phase code and writes it into the T / R component, thereby forming a beam that meets the requirements and realizing delay compensation.

3. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of calculating the wavelength of each level of delay sub-array and writing it into the corresponding delay chip, and then calculating the phase code and writing it into the T / R component includes: Calculate the phase step of the delay chip, receive the angle command issued by the signal processor, and obtain information including the angle value and frequency code; Calculate the maximum theoretical phase of the entire array, each first-level delay sub-array and each second-level delay sub-array, and calculate the wavelength of the delay chip corresponding to each first-level delay sub-array and second-level delay sub-array; Perform near-field calibration and delay state calibration on each antenna unit of the antenna array; The final actual phase of each antenna unit is calculated and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip to form a beam that meets the requirements.

4. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase stepping of the calculation delay chip includes: According to the delay chip model selected for the phased array antenna, the phase corresponding to the minimum delay step time of the delay chip, that is, the phase step ph_chip of the delay chip, is calculated. The calculation method includes: ph_chip = 2π*delay chip center frequency*delay step / 1000.

5. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculating of the maximum theoretical phase of the whole array, each primary delay sub-array and each secondary delay sub-array comprises: According to the order of antenna units and the divided first-level delay subarrays and second-level delay subarrays, the maximum theoretical phase ph_all of one antenna array is calculated, the maximum theoretical phase of m second-level delay subarrays [ph2_1, …, ph2_m] is calculated, and the maximum theoretical phase of m*n first-level delay subarrays [ph1_1_1, …, ph1_1_n, ph1_2_1, … , ph1_2_n, … ,ph1_m_1, …, ph1_m_n] is calculated.

6. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation method of the theoretical phase includes: Where C represents the theoretical phase, represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, dx represents the X coordinate, dy represents the Y coordinate, θ represents the off-axis angle, and φ represents the rotation angle.

7. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wavelength calculation method of the delay chip corresponding to each secondary delay sub-array includes: The maximum theoretical phase value of each secondary delay sub-array is subtracted in turn from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array to obtain the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay; According to the phase value that each secondary delay sub-array needs to delay, the calculated delay chip phase step ph_chip is calculated for the remainder operation, and the remainder obtained is the delay wavelength value of the delay chip corresponding to the secondary delay sub-array, and the wavelength of each secondary delay sub-array is written into the corresponding delay chip.

8. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wavelength calculation method of the delay chip corresponding to each first-level delay sub-array includes: The maximum theoretical phase value of each first-level delay sub-array is subtracted in turn from the maximum theoretical phase value of the entire array to obtain the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-level and corresponding second-level delay sub-array; According to the sum of the phase values ​​that need to be delayed for each first-level and corresponding second-level delay sub-array, the calculated delay chip phase step ph_chip is calculated to obtain the remainder, and the remainder obtained is the total delay wavelength value of the first-level and second-level delay sub-arrays. Then, the corresponding calculated second-level delay wavelength is subtracted to obtain the delay wavelength value of each first-level delay sub-array and write it into the corresponding delay chip.

9. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The near-field calibration and delayed-state calibration of each antenna unit of the antenna array surface include: The delay chips corresponding to all the first-level delay sub-arrays and the second-level delay sub-arrays are configured to be in the 0 state, and each antenna unit is calibrated to obtain the calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl of each antenna unit; The delay wavelength of the secondary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~k and the delay wavelength of the primary delay subarray is patrolled in the order of 0~j, and each antenna unit is calibrated to obtain the delay state calibration compensation phase △ph_delay_chnl of each antenna unit under each level of delay state combination.

10. The method for delay compensation of a wide instantaneous bandwidth multi-channel phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculating of the final actual phase of each antenna unit and writing it into the T / R component multifunctional chip includes: Calculate the final actual phase of each antenna unit P = [theoretical phase of antenna unit - (secondary delay wavelength + primary delay wavelength) * phase step of delay chip ph_chip] + calibration compensation phase △ph_chnl + delay state calibration compensation phase △ph_delay_chnl; The phase value of each antenna unit is converted into a phase code and written into the T / R component multifunctional chip to form a beam that meets the requirements.

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