Femoral tendon fixing anchor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and provides a femoral tendon fixing anchor which comprises an anchor inner core and an anchor sheath, the anchor inner core comprises a connecting core rod and a driving core head which are connected with each other, an operation hole is formed in the connecting core rod, and the cross section of the driving core head is gradually increased in the direction away from the connecting core rod; the anchor outer sheath comprises an anchoring sheath section and an expandable sheath head fixed to one end of the anchoring sheath section. The expandable sheath head comprises a plurality of elastic fixing anchors arranged in the circumferential direction of the end of the anchoring sheath section. One end of the driving core head penetrates through the expandable sheath head and then is in threaded connection with the interior of the anchoring sheath section; two tendon penetrating holes are formed in the anchoring sheath section, and the two tendon penetrating holes are oppositely arranged; tendon guide grooves are formed in the two sides of the anchoring sheath section and correspond to the tendon penetrating holes in a one-to-one mode. Damage to the thighbone caused by an operation can be weakened, and damage to the tendon caused by sutures can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a femoral tendon fixation anchor. Background Art

[0002] Total internal cruciate tendon reconstruction is a minimally invasive surgical procedure specifically for anterior cruciate tendon injuries of the knee. In this procedure, in order to achieve stable fixation of the new tendon structure, bone tunnels are usually created on the femur and tibia, and the grafted tissue is placed in place through these bone tunnels.

[0003] In traditional fixation methods, titanium plates are often used to fix the femoral tendon. Although this method can provide initial stability, it requires the establishment of a penetrating bone tunnel on the femur to accommodate the titanium plate and ensure its firmness. This operation causes great damage to the bone structure because the establishment of the femoral tunnel must penetrate the entire femur, which not only affects the integrity of the bone, but may also cause postoperative pain and prolong recovery time.

[0004] In addition to the problem of bone tunnel destruction, there are other potential risks when using titanium plates for fixation. During the fixation process, the tendon needs to be folded and connected to the titanium plate with sutures. The sutures pass directly through the tendon. When the patient starts to move or exercise, the tendon will be stretched, resulting in tension. Because the sutures are relatively thin, they will generate higher pressure when they are under force. This high pressure may cause damage to the tendon tissue, especially at the contact point between the tendon and the sutures. Long-term traction may cause damage to the tendon surface or even cuts. Such damage will not only affect the healing quality of the tendon, but may also reduce the long-term stability of the new tendon and increase the risk of re-injury. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to reduce the damage to the femur caused by surgery and reduce the damage to the tendon caused by sutures, the present application provides a femoral tendon fixation anchor.

[0006] The present application provides a femoral tendon fixation anchor, which adopts the following technical solution: A femoral tendon fixation anchor, comprising: The anchor core comprises a connecting core rod and a driving core head connected to each other, wherein the connecting core rod is provided with an operation hole, and the cross section of the driving core head gradually increases in a direction away from the connecting core rod; The outer sheath of the anchor nail includes an anchoring sheath segment and an expandable sheath head fixed to one end of the anchoring sheath segment, wherein the expandable sheath head includes a plurality of elastic fixing anchors circumferentially arranged at the end of the anchoring sheath segment; after one end of the driving core head passes through the expandable sheath head, it is threadedly connected to the anchoring sheath segment; two tendon perforations are provided on the anchoring sheath segment, and the two tendon perforations are arranged opposite to each other; tendon guide grooves are provided on both sides of the anchoring sheath segment, and the tendon guide grooves correspond to the tendon perforations one by one.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the threaded connection between the anchor core and the outer sheath enables the inner core to push the anchor to expand outward, so that the anchor core and the anchor outer sheath can be firmly fixed in the femoral canal. The damage to the femur is reduced, and fixation can be completed by drilling a bone canal of a certain depth. At the same time, the tendon perforation at the bottom of the anchor outer sheath is used to place the tendon, providing a large area of ​​tendon contact area for the installation of the tendon on the anchor outer sheath, effectively reducing the pressure when stressed, and avoiding tendon damage caused by high pressure. In addition, the tendon guide grooves on both sides ensure that the tendons are evenly distributed and promote good healing of the tendons and bones.

[0008] Optionally, the anchoring sheath segment includes a connecting tube and two sheath plates fixed to one end of the connecting tube, the two sheath plates are arranged opposite to each other, and the tendon perforation is opened on the sheath plates; One end of the driving core head is threadedly connected in the connecting tube, and the tendon guide groove is arranged on the side wall of the sheath plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the anchoring sheath segment includes a connecting tube and two oppositely arranged sheath plates, which increases the overall stability, ensures the reasonable distribution of the positions of the tendon perforations, and improves the fixation effect. One end of the drive core head is threadedly connected to the connecting tube to ensure that when the inserter is rotated, the inner core can stably move toward the tendon, squeeze the elastic fixing anchor, and expand the expandable sheath head. The tendon guide groove is set on the side wall of the sheath plate, so that the tendon can enter the anchor along a predetermined path, avoiding fixation failure or damage caused by improper tendon position, and also promoting good contact between the tendon and the femoral canal, accelerating the healing process.

[0010] Optionally, the elastic fixing anchor includes an elastic rib and an anchor tip fixed to one side of the elastic rib, the anchor tip is located at one end of the elastic rib away from the anchoring sheath section, and the cross-section of the anchor tip gradually decreases in the direction away from the elastic rib.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination of the elastic ribs and the anchor tip enables the anchor to expand and expand outward after being inserted into the bone canal, thereby fitting closely to the bone canal and ensuring fixation stability. In addition, the design of the gradually reduced cross-section of the anchor tip makes it easier to cut into the bone surface, further improving the reliability and firmness of the fixation of the expandable sheath head in the bone canal.

[0012] Optionally, the elastic fixing anchor further includes a reinforcing rib, wherein the reinforcing rib extends along the side wall of the anchor tip to the elastic rib, and the cross-section of the reinforcing rib is triangular.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the reinforcing rib can significantly enhance the anti-deformation ability of the elastic fixing anchor, ensuring that it will not be easily deformed or damaged even if subjected to a large external force during the fixing process. In addition, the triangular cross-section of the reinforcing rib further improves the overall strength and stability of the elastic fixing anchor, making the fixing more firm and reliable.

[0014] Optionally, the side wall of the connection between the elastic fixing anchor and the connecting tube is set as a smooth curved surface, and the edge of the tendon perforation is set as an arc transition surface.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the smooth curved surface can effectively avoid the stress concentration phenomenon at the connection between the elastic fixing anchor and the connecting tube, thereby improving the fatigue resistance and service life of this part. At the same time, the design of the smooth curved surface allows the fixing anchor to expand outward more smoothly during the expansion process, reducing the risk of excessive local stress caused by sudden shape changes, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the fixation process. The arc transition surface at the edge of the tendon perforation can effectively reduce the risk of cutting the tendon by the edge of the tendon perforation, ensuring that the tendon will not be damaged by sharp edges during the fixation process.

[0016] Optionally, the sheath plate is made of elastic material, and the distance between the two sheath plates gradually increases in a direction away from the connecting tube.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the sheath plate is made of elastic material, which can produce a certain deformation during the installation process, ensuring close contact between the tendon, sheath plate and the inner wall of the bone channel, thereby improving the stability of fixation. The distance between the two sheath plates gradually increases in the direction away from the connecting tube, which helps to guide the tendon into the anchor during the implantation process. In addition, after the anchoring sheath segment is placed into the bone channel together with the tendon, the inner wall of the bone channel will squeeze the two sheath plates, so that the two sheath plates can squeeze the tendon close to the bone channel, promoting the healing of the tendon and the bone.

[0018] Optionally, before the connecting core rod is threadedly connected to the connecting tube, the outer diameter of the expandable sheath head is 0.8-1 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting tube.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, during the fixation of the femoral tendon, the expandable sheath head can expand outwards through the extrusion of the inner core after entering the bone canal, so as to fit closely inside the bone canal, ensuring the fixation effect while reducing the damage to the bone. Before the connecting core rod is threadedly connected to the connecting tube, the expandable sheath head is in a non-expanded state. At this time, the outer diameter of the expandable sheath head is 0.8-1mm smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting tube, so that a smaller diameter bone canal can be established before surgery, reducing damage to the femur and facilitating postoperative recovery.

[0020] Optionally, the length of the expandable sheath head accounts for 1 / 3-2 / 5 of the total length of the anchor sheath.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the length of the expandable sheath head occupies 1 / 3-2 / 5 of the total length of the anchor sheath. While meeting the fixing strength, the overall size of the anchor is minimized, further reducing the damage to the bone during the operation.

[0022] Optionally, the length of the connecting tube accounts for 1 / 5-1 / 3 of the total length of the anchor sheath.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the length of the connecting tube is reasonably designed to ensure the effective threaded connection between the inner core and the outer sheath of the anchor while maintaining sufficient mechanical strength. On the premise of meeting the expansion distance of the fixed anchor, the length of the entire anchor is reduced, thereby reducing damage to the femur, reducing surgical risks and postoperative recovery time.

[0024] Optionally, the length of the sheath plate accounts for 1 / 2-3 / 5 of the total length of the anchor sheath.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the length of the sheath plate occupies 1 / 2-3 / 5 of the total length of the anchor sheath, which can ensure that the tendon guide groove has sufficient length, so that the tendon is evenly distributed on both sides of the anchor, fully in contact with the femoral canal, and promote the healing of the tendon and bone. At the same time, the longer sheath plate can also provide sufficient support to prevent the tendon from falling out from the bottom when stressed, thereby increasing the stability of fixation.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application includes an anchor core and an anchor sheath, which are connected by a thread. The anchor core squeezes the expandable sheath head at the upper end of the outer sheath to achieve the fixation function of the tendon and the anchor sheath in the bone canal. When in use, only a bone canal of a certain depth needs to be drilled in the femur to complete the fixation, without penetrating the femur, which significantly reduces the damage to the femur. 2. The elastic fixing anchor in the present application includes an elastic rib and an anchor tip, the cross section of the anchor tip gradually decreases in the direction away from the elastic rib to form a pointed tip, which is easy to cut into the inner bone surface of the bone canal for better fixation; 3. A tendon perforation is provided on the anchoring sheath section of the anchor outer sheath for tendon penetration, tendon connection, and tendon fixation. The edges of the tendon perforation holes are rounded to prevent cutting of the tendon, thereby greatly reducing the damage to the tendon during surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the femoral tendon fixation anchor in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the femoral tendon fixation anchor in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of the femoral tendon fixation anchor in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the femoral tendon fixation anchor in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the femoral tendon fixation anchor of Example 3 of the present application; Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Anchor inner core; 11. Connecting core rod; 111. Operating hole; 12. Driving core head; 2. Anchor outer sheath; 21. Anchoring sheath segment; 211. Connecting tube; 212. Sheath plate; 2121. Tendon perforation; 2122. Tendon guide groove; 2123. Accommodating groove; 213. Belt tube; 22. Elastic fixing anchor; 221. Elastic rib; 222. Anchor tip; 223. Reinforcing rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 5 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a femoral tendon fixation anchor.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The femoral tendon fixation anchor comprises an anchor inner core 1 and an anchor outer sheath 2. The anchor inner core 1 comprises an integrally formed connecting core rod 11 and a driving core head 12. An operating hole 111 is provided on the connecting core rod 11. The operating hole 111 is set as a polygonal hole, which is convenient for using tools to drive the connecting core rod 11 to move during surgery. In the present embodiment, the operating hole 111 is specifically set as a hexagonal hole, and one end of the operating hole 111 extends into the driving core head 12. The cross-section of the driving core head 12 gradually increases in the direction away from the connecting core rod 11. In the present embodiment, the driving core head 12 is specifically set as a truncated cone; the surface of the driving core head 12 is smooth to reduce friction with surrounding tissues during use.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The anchor sheath 2 is set to be cylindrical, and the anchor sheath 2 includes an anchor sheath section 21 and an expandable sheath head fixed to one end of the anchor sheath section 21. The anchor sheath section 21 includes an integrally formed connecting tube 211 and a belt through tube 213. The belt through tube 213 is provided with a tendon through hole 2121, and the two tendon through holes 2121 are arranged opposite to each other. Two tendon guide grooves 2122 are also provided on the outer wall of the belt through tube 213. The tendon guide grooves 2122 are arranged one by one with the tendon through holes 2121. The setting of the tendon guide grooves 2122 makes the tendons evenly distributed on both sides of the anchor, fully contacting with the bone channel, and promoting the healing of the tendons and bones. The edges of the tendon through holes 2121 are chamfered and processed into arc transition surfaces to prevent the tendons from being cut during the installation process.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 The expandable sheath head includes a plurality of elastic fixing anchors 22, and the end of the connecting tube 211 away from the belt tube 213 gradually shrinks in the direction away from the belt tube 213 to form a truncated cone structure; the plurality of elastic fixing anchors 22 are arranged at intervals along the circumference and fixed on the end of the connecting tube 211. In this embodiment, four elastic fixing anchors 22 are specifically provided. The elastic fixing anchor 22 includes an elastic rib 221, an anchor tip 222 and a reinforcing rib 223. The elastic rib 221 is fixed on the connecting tube 211, and the side wall of the connection between the elastic rib 221 and the connecting tube 211 is processed into a smooth curved surface. The wall thickness of the elastic rib 221 is relatively thin, so that it can be deformed and expanded when subjected to a small extrusion force. The anchor tip 222 is located at the end of the elastic rib 221 away from the connecting tube 211, and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the elastic rib 221; the cross section of the anchor tip 222 gradually decreases in the direction away from the elastic rib 221, and the cross-sectional angle of the anchor tip 222 is 60°. The design of the anchor tip 222 can make it easy for the elastic fixing anchor 22 to cut into the inner wall of the bone channel when in use, so as to better fix it. The reinforcing rib 223 extends along the side wall of the anchor tip 222 to the elastic rib 221, and the reinforcing rib 223 is fixedly connected to both the anchor tip 222 and the elastic rib 221. The cross section of the reinforcing rib 223 also tapers away from the elastic rib 221 to form a cone. The cross section of the reinforcing rib 223 is triangular, which has better resistance to deformation and improves the strength of the fixing anchor. The width of the reinforcing rib 223 is smaller than the elastic rib 221, and the length is about half of the elastic rib 221. Before the connecting core rod 11 is threadedly connected to the connecting tube 211, the expandable sheath head is in a non-expanded state; at this time, the maximum outer diameter of the expandable sheath head is 0.8-1mm smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting tube 211. In this embodiment, it is specifically 0.8mm smaller. When in use, the bone channel in the front end area can be set to a smaller diameter to reduce damage to the femur, which is conducive to postoperative recovery.

[0034] In other embodiments, the reinforcing ribs 223 may also be configured as a mesh structure to provide better anti-deformation capability and to disperse stress during the fixing process.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 After one end of the driving core head 12 passes through the expandable sheath head, it is threadedly connected to the connecting tube 211; it can minimize the damage to the femur and effectively avoid the damage of the suture to the tendon. The truncated cone-shaped setting of the driving core head 12 enables the driving core head 12 to better push each elastic fixing anchor 22 to expand outward when the connecting core rod 11 rotates the connecting tube 211, so that the anchor tip 222 is firmly embedded in the bone channel.

[0036] The implementation principle of the femoral tendon fixing anchor in the present embodiment 1 is as follows: a bone tunnel of a certain depth is drilled in the femur. During the operation, the tendons formed by folding the gracilis and semitendinosus muscles in half are passed through the two tendon perforations 2121 in sequence. After the tendons pass through the tendon perforations 2121, one end of the tendons passing through the tendon perforations 2121 is sutured to the other end of the tendons using sutures. Then, a tool is used to pass through the gap between the gracilis and semitendinosus muscles and then inserted into the operation hole 111. The operation tool puts the anchor core 1 and the anchor sheath 2 with the tendons into the bone tunnel. After the anchor core 1 and the anchor sheath 2 reach the designated positions in the bone tunnel by knocking, the tool is rotated to drive the anchor core 1 to move toward the tendon direction to squeeze each elastic fixing anchor 22, so that the expandable sheath head expands, and the elastic fixing anchor 22 opens to squeeze the bone tunnel, thereby achieving fixation in the bone tunnel. The tendon is partially located in the tendon guide grooves 2122 on both sides of the belt tube 213, and is fixed in the bone tunnel by the compression between the belt tube 213, the tendon and the inner wall of the bone tunnel. Finally, the tool is removed. Compared with the traditional titanium plate fixation method, the anchor structure of the present invention is more compact, easy to install, and has a more reliable fixation effect.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Reference Figure 4 In this embodiment, the belt tube 213 is replaced by two oppositely arranged sheath plates 212. The tendon perforation 2121 and the tendon guide groove 2122 are also provided on the sheath plate 212, and the tendon perforation 2121 and the tendon guide groove 2122 are arranged one by one with the sheath plate 212. The sheath plate 212 is made of elastic material, and the distance between the inner walls of the two sheath plates 212 gradually increases in the direction away from the connecting tube 211. In this embodiment, at one end of the two sheath plates 212 away from the connecting tube 211, the distance between the outer walls of the two sheath plates 212 is less than the outer diameter of the connecting tube 211. The distance between the two sheath plates 212 gradually increases in the direction away from the connecting tube 211, which helps to guide the tendon into the bone channel during the implantation process. In addition, after the anchoring sheath segment 21 is placed into the bone channel together with the tendon, the inner wall of the bone channel will squeeze the two sheath plates 212, so that the two sheath plates 212 can squeeze the tendon close to the bone channel, and promote the healing of the tendon and the bone.

[0039] Among them, the length of the expandable sheath head accounts for 1 / 3-2 / 5 of the total length of the anchor sheath 2, which can make the elastic fixing anchor 22 expand to a sufficient size for fixation while meeting the minimum size of the nail. The length of the connecting tube 211 accounts for 1 / 5-1 / 3 of the total length of the anchor sheath 2, ensuring the tight connection between the anchor core 1 and the anchor sheath 2. The length of the sheath plate 212 accounts for 1 / 2-3 / 5 of the total length of the anchor sheath 2, ensuring the stability and fixation effect of the tendon. In this embodiment, the length of the expandable sheath head specifically accounts for 1 / 3 of the total length of the anchor sheath 2, the length of the connecting tube 211 accounts for 1 / 6 of the total length of the anchor sheath 2, and the length of the sheath plate 212 accounts for 1 / 2 of the total length of the anchor sheath 2.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that: Reference Figure 5 In this embodiment, at one end of the two sheath plates 212 away from the connecting tube 211, the distance between the outer walls of the two sheath plates 212 is greater than the outer diameter of the connecting tube 211. And a receiving groove 2123 is also provided at one end of the sheath plate 212 away from the connecting tube 211. When in use, the portion of the tendon sheath close to the bottom end of the sheath plate 212 is located in the receiving groove 2123. After the anchor core 1 and the anchor sheath 2 are placed in the bone channel, the anchor sheath 2 is completely moved into the bone channel by knocking. Since the distance between the outer walls of the bottom ends of the two sheath plates 212 is slightly larger than the size of the bone channel, the bottom ends of the two sheath plates 212 are in a contracted state under the compression of the bone channel; the bottom ends of the sheath plates 212 are pressed against the inner wall of the bone channel, further improving the fixation stability of the anchor sheath 2 in the bone channel, making it difficult for the tendon to detach from the bone channel. The edge of the receiving groove 2123 is also processed into a smooth curved surface, so that when the tendon is stretched when the patient starts to move or exercise, it is not easy to cut the tendon.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A femoral tendon fixation anchor, characterized in that: include The anchor inner core (1) comprises a connecting core rod (11) and a driving core head (12) which are connected to each other, wherein the connecting core rod (11) is provided with an operation hole (111), and the cross section of the driving core head (12) gradually increases in a direction away from the connecting core rod (11); The anchor sheath (2) comprises an anchor sheath segment (21) and an expandable sheath head fixed to one end of the anchor sheath segment (21), wherein the expandable sheath head comprises a plurality of elastic fixing anchors (22) arranged circumferentially at the end of the anchor sheath segment (21); after one end of the driving core head (12) passes through the expandable sheath head, it is threadedly connected to the anchor sheath segment (21); two tendon perforations (2121) are provided on the anchor sheath segment (21), and the two tendon perforations (2121) are arranged opposite to each other; tendon guide grooves (2122) are provided on both sides of the anchor sheath segment (21), and the tendon guide grooves (2122) correspond one-to-one to the tendon perforations (2121).

2. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring sheath section (21) comprises a connecting tube (211) and two sheath plates (212) fixed to one end of the connecting tube (211), the two sheath plates (212) being arranged opposite to each other, and the tendon perforations (2121) being formed on the sheath plates (212); One end of the driving core head (12) is threadedly connected to the connecting tube (211), and the tendon guide groove (2122) is arranged on the side wall of the sheath plate (212).

3. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic fixing anchor (22) comprises an elastic rib (221) and an anchor tip (222) fixed to one side of the elastic rib (221); the anchor tip (222) is located at an end of the elastic rib (221) away from the anchoring sheath section (21); and a cross section of the anchor tip (222) gradually decreases in a direction away from the elastic rib (221).

4. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic fixing anchor (22) further comprises a reinforcing rib (223), wherein the reinforcing rib (223) extends along the side wall of the anchor tip (222) to the elastic rib plate (221), and the cross section of the reinforcing rib (223) is triangular.

5. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the connection between the elastic fixing anchor (22) and the connecting tube (211) is configured as a smooth curved surface, and the edge of the tendon perforation (2121) is configured as an arc transition surface.

6. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sheath plates (212) are made of elastic material, and the distance between the two sheath plates (212) gradually increases in a direction away from the connecting tube (211).

7. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before the connecting core rod (11) is threadedly connected to the connecting tube (211), the outer diameter of the expandable sheath head is 0.8-1 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting tube (211).

8. The femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the expandable sheath head accounts for 1 / 3 to 2 / 5 of the total length of the anchor outer sheath (2).

9. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the connecting tube (211) accounts for 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the total length of the anchor outer sheath (2).

10. A femoral tendon fixation anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the sheath plate (212) accounts for 1 / 2 to 3 / 5 of the total length of the anchor outer sheath (2).

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