Linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal processing machine tool and workpiece processing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining tool and a workpiece machining method, and belongs to the technical field of machining equipment. Comprising a lathe bed frame, a rotary workbench, two machine tool spindles, two five-axis movement devices and a computer digital control system. A rotary workbench is arranged in the center of the lathe bed frame, and a workpiece is installed on the rotary workbench through a clamp. The machining tool is installed on the machine tool spindle. A machining program of the workpiece is input through the numerical control device, and the two spindles horizontally machine the two sides of the workpiece at the same time. According to the invention, the main shaft moves along three linear coordinate axes of X, Y and Z and two rotary coordinate axes of A and C, so that synchronous or asynchronous processing of workpieces, such as processing of blisk and cylinder parts, by the main shafts on the two sides can be met. Compared with a traditional five-axis machining center, the five-axis machining center has good structural rigidity, stress balance and thermal symmetry, and the machining efficiency is multiplied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of processing equipment, and in particular relates to a linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal processing machine tool and a workpiece processing method. Background Art

[0002] Five-axis linkage machining center, also known as five-axis machining center, is a special machining equipment with high technological content and high precision, which is used to process complex curved surfaces. This machining center system has an important influence on many industries such as aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment, etc. Five-axis linkage CNC machining center is a key means to solve the processing needs of impellers, blades, marine propellers, heavy generator rotors, turbine rotors, large diesel engine crankshafts, etc. Some existing multi-spindle machining centers usually process multiple parts at the same time through an array of spindles and parts to achieve an equivalent improvement in processing efficiency. However, for small batches of parts with long processing time, this solution cannot effectively improve the processing efficiency of parts. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a dual-spindle dual-five-axis linkage high-speed and efficient horizontal processing machine tool. It can realize the simultaneous processing of parts by two horizontal spindles, solve the problem that the prior art cannot guarantee the processing of parts in all directions, improve the production efficiency of parts processing, and reduce the processing cost.

[0004] The present invention provides a dual-spindle dual-five-axis linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool, comprising a bed frame, a rotary worktable, two machine tool spindles and two sets of five-axis motion components; The bed frame includes an operating platform and a track mounting frame; the track mounting frame includes a first side surface and a second side surface; the operating platform is arranged between the first side surface and the second side surface; two sets of Y-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface; the axes of the two sets of five-axis motion components are horizontal to the table surface of the rotating worktable; The rotating workbench is set at the center of the operating platform; One set of five-axis motion components is arranged on one set of Y-axis guide rails; another set of five-axis motion components is arranged on another set of Y-axis guide rails; The five-axis motion assembly includes a Y-axis motion component, an X-axis guide rail, an X-axis motion component, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis motion component, a C-axis orthogonal swing head, and an A-axis orthogonal swing head; a C-axis swing head is installed at the end of the Z-axis motion component, an A-axis swing head is installed on the C-axis swing head, and a machine tool spindle is arranged on the A-axis orthogonal swing head; A machining tool for machining a workpiece is provided at the end of the machine tool spindle.

[0005] Optionally, the Y-axis moving component is slidably arranged on two sets of Y-axis guide rails on the same side through a slider, and slides on the Y-axis guide rails.

[0006] Optionally, a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the Y-axis moving component, and an X-axis guide rail is provided in the mounting hole.

[0007] Optionally, the X-axis moving component is slidably arranged on the X-axis guide rail via a slider.

[0008] Optionally, a numerical control device is also included. The machine tool frame is electrically connected to the numerical control device. The numerical control device is used to input and control numerical control programs and respectively control two groups of five-axis motion components to realize the processing operations of the machine tool spindles arranged on both sides of the machine tool on the workpiece to be processed.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a workpiece processing method, which uses the aforementioned processing machine tool to perform processing to obtain a processed workpiece.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: utilizing the directional feed mechanism to provide the machine tool spindle with movement along the three linear coordinate axes of X, Y and Z, as well as movement along the two rotational coordinate axes of C and A, the synchronous or asynchronous milling processing of the workpiece by the spindles on both sides of the machine tool can be satisfied.

[0011] The machine tool adopts a fully enclosed symmetrical structure with high rigidity and high stability. At the same time, the symmetrical synchronous milling of the workpiece by the spindles on both sides can be realized through the CNC machining program, which can effectively improve the force characteristics of the machining process. Combined with the structural characteristics of the machine tool, the machining quality and efficiency of the workpiece can be improved. The present invention can be used not only for rough machining, but also for fine machining. It greatly improves the production and processing efficiency of parts, and the processing efficiency is increased by more than 50%, which can significantly improve the economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a front view of the processing machine tool of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the processing machine tool of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side view of the processing machine tool of the present invention.

[0014] Reference numerals: 1. Bed frame, 2. Rotary worktable, 3. Workpiece to be processed, 4-1. Y-axis moving parts, 5-1. X-axis moving parts, 6-1. Z-axis moving parts, 7-1. C-axis orthogonal swing head, 8-1. A-axis orthogonal swing head, 9-1. Machine tool spindle, 10-1. Processing tool, 11. CNC device, 12-1. Y-axis guide rail, 13-1. X-axis guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0016] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 3 , discloses a linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal processing machine tool, comprising a bed frame 1, a rotary table 2, two machine tool spindles and two sets of five-axis motion components; The bed frame 1 includes an operating platform and a track mounting frame; the track mounting frame includes a first side surface and a second side surface; the operating platform is arranged between the first side surface and the second side surface, and the first side surface and the second side surface are both perpendicular to the operating platform; two sets of Y-axis guide rails 12-1 are symmetrically arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface; the Y-axis guide rails are perpendicular to the operating platform; The rotary table 2 is arranged at the center of the operating platform. When in use, the workpiece 3 to be processed is mounted on the rotary table 2; One set of five-axis motion components is arranged on two sets of Y-axis guide rails on the same side; the other set of five-axis motion components is arranged similarly and will not be described in detail here.

[0017] Further, the five-axis motion assembly includes a Y-axis motion component 4-1, an X-axis guide rail 13-1, an X-axis motion component 5-1, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis motion component 6-1, a C-axis orthogonal swing head 7-1, and an A-axis orthogonal swing head 8-1; The two ends of the Y-axis moving component are respectively slidably arranged on two sets of Y-axis guide rails on the same side through sliders, and slide on the Y-axis guide rails; preferably, see the attached Figure 1 , driven by two sets of left and right linear motors.

[0018] A mounting hole is provided in the middle of the Y-axis moving component, and a set of X-axis guide rails are respectively provided on the two side walls of the mounting hole; See also Figure 1 The two sides of the X-axis moving component are slidably arranged on two sets of X-axis guide rails of the same mounting hole through sliders, and two sets of upper and lower linear motors are used to realize the center of gravity drive.

[0019] It can be understood that center of gravity drive means that the driving force of the moving parts coincides with the center of gravity position (or coincides with the projection on the moving plane). Center of gravity drive has better mechanical properties. When accelerating and decelerating, the driving force and the inertia force are applied at the same point, so no torque is generated.

[0020] Four Z-axis guide rails are arranged inside the X-axis moving component in a square layout. The Z-axis moving component is set on the Z-axis guide rails through a slider, and the center of gravity drive is achieved through two sets of left and right linear motors.

[0021] It can be understood that center of gravity drive means that the driving force of the moving parts coincides with the center of gravity position (or coincides with the projection on the moving plane). Center of gravity drive has better mechanical properties. When accelerating and decelerating, the driving force and the inertia force are applied at the same point, so no torque is generated.

[0022] Four Z-axis guide rails are arranged inside the X-axis moving component in a square layout. The Z-axis moving component is set on the Z-axis guide rails through a slider, and the center of gravity drive is achieved through two sets of left and right linear motors.

[0023] A C-axis orthogonal swing head is installed at the end of the Z-axis moving part close to the rotary table 2, an A-axis orthogonal swing head is installed on the C-axis orthogonal swing head, and a machine tool spindle 9-1 is set on the A-axis orthogonal swing head; The C-axis orthogonal swing head rotates with the axis of the Z-axis moving part as the rotation center; the A-axis orthogonal swing head swings parallel to the movement direction of the X-axis moving part; Furthermore, the C-axis orthogonal swing head and the A-axis orthogonal swing head are orthogonal structures, and the rotation of the machine tool spindle around the Z axis and the X axis is achieved through a torque motor drive structure.

[0024] A machining tool 10 - 1 for performing bilaterally symmetrical machining on the workpiece 3 is provided at the end of the main spindle of the machine tool.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a numerical control device 11, the bed frame 1 is electrically connected to the numerical control device 11, and the numerical control device 11 is used to input and control the numerical control program and respectively control the two groups of five-axis motion components on both sides, so as to realize the synchronous symmetrical milling processing and other operations of the machine tool spindles arranged on both sides of the machine tool on the workpiece 3 to be processed.

[0026] Preferably, the bed frame 1 is configured as a fully enclosed symmetrical structure with high rigidity and high stability. The five-axis motion components installed on both sides of the bed structure frame adopt the same structure.

[0027] The numerical control device 11 adopts a dual-channel control method to perform 5-axis linkage control on the five-axis motion devices on both sides respectively, and uses the rotary table 2 for indexing control, thereby realizing bilateral axis linkage and synchronous symmetrical milling of the workpiece 3 to be processed.

[0028] Preferably, the bed frame adopts a four-gantry closed integral frame structure.

[0029] Furthermore, for workpieces with mirror symmetry or center symmetry, two sets of identical tools can be selected and the tool paths of the two tools can be planned according to mirror symmetry or center, so that the cutting contact surfaces and cutting forces of the two sets of tools and the workpiece can be symmetrical during the machining process. Therefore, the force characteristics of the machine tool can be improved, the vibration of the machine tool can be suppressed, and the machining deformation of the workpiece can be reduced, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the machine tool and the machining quality of the parts.

[0030] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a workpiece processing method, which uses the aforementioned dual-spindle dual-five-axis linkage high-speed and high-efficiency vertical machining center to process the workpiece to be processed, and the specific steps include: In order to facilitate the realization of bilateral synchronous high-precision control, the coordinate axes of the bilateral five-axis motion control system respectively establish the first machine tool coordinate system MCS1 and the second machine tool coordinate system MCS2. The positive direction of each coordinate system can be established as follows: the coordinate system directions of the X1, Y1 and Z1 axes and the X2, Y2 and Z2 axes respectively satisfy the right-hand law of the Cartesian coordinate system. The positive directions of the X1 axis and the X2 axis are opposite; the positive directions of the Y1 and Y2 axes are vertically upward; the positive directions of the Z1 and Z2 axes are both the directions in which the tool moves away from the workpiece. The positive and reverse directions of each rotation axis (A1, C1, A2 and C2 axes) are based on the positive directions of the corresponding translation axes and are established based on the right-hand screw rule. Such as Figure 1 shown.

[0031] When machining a centrally symmetrical blade disk, refer to Figure 1 , establish a first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and a second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 for the workpiece to be processed; the directions of coordinate axes WX1, WY1 and WZ1 of the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 are respectively the same as the X1, Y1 and Z1 axes, the directions of coordinate axes WX2, WY12 and WZ2 of the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 are respectively the same as the X2, Y2 and Z2 axes, the coordinate system origins of the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 are the same, which are set at the rotation center of the workpiece.

[0032] When processing the workpiece to be processed, the first machine tool coordinate system MCS1 and the second machine tool coordinate system MCS2 are converted into the corresponding coordinate transformation of the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2. The expression used for the coordinate transformation is:

[0033] in, Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS The position coordinates of the tool tip point of the machining tool are in the m indivual X Axial component; Indicates mWorkpiece coordinate system WCMS The position coordinates of the tool tip point of the machining tool are in the m indivual Y Axial component; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS The position coordinates of the tool tip point of the machining tool are in the m indivual Z Directional component; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS The tool posture of the machining tool is in the m indivual X Directional component; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS The tool posture of the machining tool is in the m indivual Y Directional component; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS The tool posture of the machining tool is in the m indivual Z Directional component; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next Am The vector with any point on the axis of the A-axis (the axis of the A-axis orthogonal swing head) as the starting point and the tip of the machining tool as the end point is Y Directional weight; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next Am The vector starting from any point on the axis and ending at the tip of the machining tool is Z Directional weight; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next Cm The vector starting from any point on the axis and ending at the tip of the machining tool is X Directional weight; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next Cm Any point on the axis is taken as the starting point. Am The vector with any point on the axis as the end point is in the m indivual Y Directional weight; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next W Xm The displacement of the axis moving part relative to its initial state; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next W Y The displacement of the axis moving part relative to its initial state; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Next W Z The displacement of the axis moving mechanism relative to its initial state; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Down Am The arc of rotation of the axial moving part relative to its initial state; Indicates m Workpiece coordinate system WCMS Down Cm The arc of rotation of the axial moving part relative to its initial state; m Indicates the total number of workpiece coordinate systems, .

[0034] Iterative transformation is performed based on the coordinate values ​​after coordinate conversion to obtain a processed workpiece that ultimately meets the accuracy threshold.

[0035] The following formula is used for iterative inverse transformation, and the expression is: .

[0036] Exemplarily, the workpiece is mounted on the rotary table 2 by a fixture. A special fixture is used to ensure that the rotation center of the workpiece coincides with the rotation axis of the rotary table 2. In the specific processing process, the rotary table 2 is used for the indexing of the workpiece and does not participate in the linkage processing of other axes. First, according to the properties of the workpiece, the CAM software generates a mirror or quasi-mirror processing trajectory. For example, the number of blades on the blade disk, if the number of blades is an even number, the blade disk is a completely centrally symmetrical structure. After the machining tool tracks of two blades in mirror positions are generated by the CAM software, they are processed simultaneously by the spindles on both sides; if the number of blades is an odd number, the blade disk is a quasi-centrally symmetrical structure. At this time, the CAM software generates a machining tool track for a blade and a tool track for the flow channel relative to the blade, and then the spindles on both sides process the blade and the flow channel on the opposite side of the blade respectively. Thereby, the mirror / quasi-mirror processing of the tools on both sides can be realized. After the machining task of the spindle on one side is completed, the corresponding signal is sent to the CNC system. After the processing tasks of the two spindles are all completed, the CNC system sends motion control instructions to the rotary table 2 to perform indexing and continue the above processing process.

[0037] Since the spindles on both sides participate in the machining process, the machining efficiency can be greatly improved. According to the above machining process, the tools on both sides can be basically mirror-symmetric along the axial cutting direction during the machining process, thereby improving the stress state of the workpiece and the machine tool during the machining process and improving the machining quality of the machine tool.

[0038] The present invention provides a dual-spindle dual-five-axis linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool, such as Figure 1 As shown, symmetrical dual-spindle synchronous milling of the workpiece to be processed can be realized. The workpiece 3 to be processed is fixed on the rotary table 2 by a fixture, and the machine tool spindle 9-1 realizes a pair of machine tool spindles 9-1 in the X, Y, and Z axis directions and rotational motion around the X and Z axes through the machine tool X, Y, and Z axis axial motion devices and the C-axis orthogonal swing head 7-1 and the A-axis orthogonal swing head 8-1, realizing the dual five-axis linkage processing of the workpiece 3 to be processed. The numerical control device 11 controls the numerical control processing program to realize the dual five-axis linkage motion of the machine tool, thereby realizing the synchronous or asynchronous milling of the machine tool double-side spindles of the workpiece 3 to be processed.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal processing machine tool, characterized in that: It includes a bed frame, a rotary table, two machine spindles and two sets of five-axis motion components; The bed frame includes an operating platform and a track mounting frame; the track mounting frame includes a first side surface and a second side surface; the operating platform is arranged between the first side surface and the second side surface; two sets of Y-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface; the axes of the two sets of five-axis motion components are horizontal to the table surface of the rotating worktable; The rotating workbench is set at the center of the operating platform; One set of five-axis motion components is arranged on one set of Y-axis guide rails; another set of five-axis motion components is arranged on another set of Y-axis guide rails; The five-axis motion assembly includes a Y-axis motion component, an X-axis guide rail, an X-axis motion component, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis motion component, a C-axis orthogonal swing head, and an A-axis orthogonal swing head; a C-axis swing head is installed at the end of the Z-axis motion component, an A-axis swing head is installed on the C-axis swing head, and a machine tool spindle is arranged on the A-axis orthogonal swing head; A machining tool for machining a workpiece is provided at the end of the machine tool spindle.

2. The processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis moving component is slidably arranged on two sets of Y-axis guide rails on the same side through a slider, and slides on the Y-axis guide rails.

3. The processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the Y-axis moving component, and an X-axis guide rail is arranged in the mounting hole.

4. The processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis moving component is slidably arranged on the X-axis guide rail through a slider.

5. The processing machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a numerical control device, the machine tool frame is electrically connected to the numerical control device, the numerical control device is used to input and control numerical control programs and respectively control two groups of five-axis motion components, so as to realize the processing operations of the machine tool spindles arranged on both sides of the machine tool on the workpiece to be processed respectively.

6. A workpiece processing method, using the processing machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to perform processing to obtain a processed workpiece.

Images