Acid sulfate soil improvement material, preparation method and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses an acid sulfate soil improvement material, a preparation method and a use method. The acid sulfate soil improvement material is prepared from a mixed particle improvement material and a microbial improvement material, the mixed particle improvement material comprises a natural mineral material, an organic carbon material, lignosulfonate, silicate, a high-molecular polymer, shell powder, fishbone dust and slaked lime powder; the microbial improvement material comprises bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, trichoderma harzianum, saccharomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria. When in use, the mixed particle improvement material is uniformly scattered into soil and is uniformly mixed with the soil through rotary tillage; dissolving a microbial improvement material in water, adding the dissolved microbial improvement material into the field along with irrigation water, continuously soaking the field for 5-7 days when the water surface depth is 5-10cm, and carrying out agricultural cultivation after the water surface naturally descends. The acidic sulfate soil improvement material has the effects of reducing acid, retaining and increasing fertilizer and increasing yield, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, greenness, environment friendliness and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to an acid sulfate soil improvement material, a preparation method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Acid sulfate soil (ASS) develops from soil-forming parent materials rich in reducing sulfides. After oxidation, sulfuric acid is produced, which strongly acidifies the soil. In a strongly acidic environment, the solubility of aluminum, iron, manganese and some other trace elements increases sharply, thus causing toxic effects on plants. These toxic substances can also be discharged into rivers and harbors with lateral flow water, affecting the survival of aquatic organisms.

[0003] Planting crops in acidic sulfate soils will inhibit their growth. The main factors that are unfavorable to crop growth in acidic sulfate soils are as follows: (1) Soil acidification leads to high levels of aluminum ions, iron ions, and manganese ions in the soil solution, which are toxic to plants; (2) Strong acidic environments cause the loss or reduced effectiveness of nutrients (calcium, magnesium, zinc, potassium, boron, phosphorus, etc.) needed by plants; (3) Acidic sulfate soils contain high levels of soluble salts, and high soil salt content causes salt damage to plants; (4) Acidic sulfate soils generally have acidified layers, which seriously hinder the downward penetration of plant roots and affect soil maturation.

[0004] Commonly used acid sulfate soil conditioners include lime conditioners, minerals and industrial by-products, organic fertilizers, biomass carbon, etc. Lime conditioners are fast and effective, and can increase the concentration of calcium and magnesium in the soil, but they are not effective in improving subsurface acidity and can easily cause soil compaction. Minerals and industrial by-products mainly include calcium silicate powder, phosphogypsum, alkali slag, fly ash, etc. This type of conditioner can not only reduce acidity, but also provide inorganic nutrients for the soil, but it is easy to cause heavy metal pollution risks. Organic fertilizers can increase soil organic matter, increase the number of soil microorganisms and enzyme activity, and improve soil physical properties, but the effect of reducing soil acidity is general. Biomass carbon has more inorganic nutrients, which can increase the number of soil microorganisms and enzyme activity, but it is not effective in improving soil physical and chemical properties, and the cost is relatively high.

[0005] In order to improve the improvement effect of acidic sulfate soil, it is very necessary to develop composite improvement materials that can simultaneously reduce acidity, preserve fertilizer and increase fertilizer, and increase production. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an acid sulfate soil improvement material, a preparation method and a use method.

[0007] The invention discloses an acid sulfate soil improvement material, comprising: a mixed particle improvement material and a microbial improvement material; The blended particle improvement materials include natural mineral materials, organic carbon materials, lignin sulfonate, silicate, high molecular polymer, shell powder, fish bone powder and slaked lime powder; The microbial improved materials include Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, In the mixed particle improved material, the mass percentage of each component is: natural mineral material 15%-30% (preferably 20%-25%), organic carbon material 40%-55% (preferably 45%-50%), lignin sulfonate 0.5%-1%, silicate 0.5%-1%, high molecular polymer 0.1%-0.3%, shell powder 5%-10%, fish bone powder 5%-10% and slaked lime powder 5%-10%; In the microbial improved material, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of each component is: Bacillus megaterium: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus licheniformis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Trichoderma harzianum: yeast: photosynthetic bacteria = (1-3): (1-3): (0.5-2): (0.5-2): (1-3): (0.5-2): (0.5-2), preferably Bacillus megaterium: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus licheniformis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Trichoderma harzianum: yeast: photosynthetic bacteria = 2:2:1:1:2:1:1.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the natural mineral material includes: at least four of dolomite, wollastonite, gypsum, limestone, attapulgite, zeolite, calcium-based bentonite, magnesite, hydroxyapatite, sepiolite and diatomaceous earth, wherein the natural mineral material must contain dolomite, wollastonite, gypsum and attapulgite (or zeolite, or calcium-based bentonite), and the mass content of dolomite is not less than 20%, the mass content of wollastonite is not less than 20%, the mass content of gypsum is not less than 20%, and the mass content of attapulgite (or zeolite, or calcium-based bentonite) is not less than 20%.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the organic carbon material includes at least one of humic acid, weathered coal, peat and biochar.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lignin sulfonate comprises calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate and potassium lignin sulfonate, and the mass ratio of calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate and potassium lignin sulfonate is (4-8):(2-4):1, preferably 6:3:1.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the silicate includes calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate, and the mass ratio of calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate is (3-6):(3-6):1, preferably 2:2:1.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the high molecular polymer includes at least one of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and dimethylsilyl methacrylate copolymer.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, The powder particle size of natural mineral materials shall not exceed 0.15mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; The powder particle size of the organic carbon material shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; The particle size of lignin sulfonate shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; The particle size of silicate shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; The particle size of shell powder shall not exceed 0.15mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; The particle size of fish bone powder shall not exceed 0.15mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; The particle size of the polymer particles does not exceed 0.15mm, and the moisture content does not exceed 10%; The particle size of slaked lime shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria are all finished solid bacterial agents, with active ingredients greater than 20% and effective live bacteria not less than 1 billion CFU / g.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing an acid sulfate soil improvement material, comprising: Put natural mineral materials not containing attapulgite, zeolite and calcium-based bentonite, slaked lime powder and silicate into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend A; put lignin sulfonate, high molecular polymer particles and powder of at least one of attapulgite, zeolite and calcium-based bentonite into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend B; put fish bone powder and shell powder into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend C; put blends A, B and C into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend D; put blend D and organic carbon material into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend E; put blend E into a double-roll extrusion granulator for granulation, and the product particle size is 3-6 mm to obtain a blended particle improved material; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria were selected as microbial improvement materials.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a method for using an acid sulfate soil improving material, comprising: The first step is to add mixed particles to improve the material: Before planting crops, drain the accumulated water on the acid sulfate soil. After the ground is moderately dry, use a fertilizer spreader to evenly spread the granular improvement materials on the ground. Use a rotary tiller to till the land 15-20cm to fully mix the granular improvement materials with the soil. For acid sulfate soils with different pH values, the dosage and application cycle of the granular improvement materials are as follows: When the soil pH is 5.5-6.5, the dosage of the mixed granular improvement material is 0.3-0.6 tons / mu•year, preferably 0.4 tons / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 2 years; When the soil pH is 5.2-5.5, the dosage of the mixed granular improvement material is 0.4-0.8 tons / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 2 years; When the soil pH is 4.9-5.2, the dosage of mixed granular improvement materials is 0.5-1 ton / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 3 years; When the soil pH is 4.5-4.9, the dosage of mixed granular improvement materials is 0.8-1 ton / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 3 years; When the soil pH is less than 4.5, the dosage of the mixed granular improvement material is 1-2 tons / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 3 years; Step 2: Add microbial improvement materials: Prepare liquid according to the instructions for use of each bacterial agent in the microbial improvement material and add it to the field through irrigation water; the continuous use period is the same as the application period of the mixed granular improvement material, and the dosage is not less than 1 kg / mu•year; Step 3: Flood the fields: Keep the water level 5-10cm above the ground during irrigation and soak for 5-7 days. Agricultural planting can be carried out after the water level drops naturally.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The improved material of the present invention can reduce soil acidity, increase soil aggregates, preserve fertilizer and increase fertilizer, thereby increasing crop yields. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention provides an acid sulfate soil improvement material, comprising: a mixed particle improvement material and a microbial improvement material; Measured by mass percentage, the mixed particle improvement materials include 20%-25% natural mineral materials, 45%-50% organic carbon materials, 0.5%-1% lignin sulfonate, 0.5%-1% silicate, 0.1%-0.3% high molecular polymer, 5%-10% shell powder, 5%-10% fish bone powder and 5%-10% slaked lime powder; wherein, the natural mineral materials include: at least four of dolomite, wollastonite, gypsum, limestone, attapulgite, zeolite, calcium bentonite, magnesite, hydroxyapatite, sepiolite and diatomaceous earth, wherein the natural mineral materials must contain dolomite, wollastonite, gypsum and attapulgite (or zeolite, or calcium bentonite), and the mass content of dolomite is not less than 20%, the mass content of wollastonite is not less than 20%, the mass content of gypsum is not less than 20%, and the mass content of attapulgite (or zeolite, or calcium bentonite) is not less than 20%. The organic carbon material includes at least one of humic acid, weathered coal, peat and biochar. The lignin sulfonate includes calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate and potassium lignin sulfonate, and the mass ratio of calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate and potassium lignin sulfonate is (4-8): (2-4): 1, preferably 6:3: 1. The silicate includes calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate, and the mass ratio of calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate is (3-6): (3-6): 1, preferably 2:2: 1. The high molecular polymer includes at least one of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and dimethylsilyl methyl acrylate copolymer. Furthermore, the powder particle size of natural mineral materials shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; the powder particle size of organic carbon materials shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; the particle size of lignin sulfonate shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; the particle size of silicate shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; the particle size of shell powder shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; the particle size of fish bone powder shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; the particle size of high molecular polymer particles shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; the particle size of slaked lime shall not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%.

[0020] The blended particle improvement material of the present invention organically combines fast-acting acid-reducing materials with slow-release acid-reducing materials to improve the long-term effect of improving acidic soils; it is different from the conventional acid-reducing methods such as adding quicklime, which easily cause soil compaction; the blended particle improvement material of the present invention combines acid-reducing materials with materials for improving soil structure, and by improving the soil structure, it is beneficial to drain acidic substances away with water; the formula material can not only increase the pH of the soil, but also improve the soil fertility, which is beneficial to the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and indirectly inhibits soil acidification.

[0021] The functions of natural mineral materials are: 1) Dolomite, wollastonite, limestone, hydroxyapatite, magnesite, etc. mainly play the role of slowly releasing alkaline substances, and dolomite and wollastonite have high pH, ​​which can slowly release alkaline substances to neutralize acidic substances; 2) Gypsum mainly promotes the formation of soil aggregates, and loosening the soil is conducive to acid discharge; 3) Attapulgite, zeolite, calcium-based bentonite, sepiolite, and diatomaceous earth mainly play the role of retaining water and fertilizer, and can also absorb harmful substances in the soil, and also provide trace elements for the growth of crops.

[0022] The functions of organic carbon materials are to increase soil carbon content and loosen the soil.

[0023] The function of lignin sulfonate is to increase soil aggregates and increase beneficial elements in the soil.

[0024] The role of silicates is to increase the stability of soil aggregates and provide nutrients to the soil.

[0025] The role of high molecular polymers is to loosen the soil, increase the penetration of water in the soil after irrigation, and reduce soil erosion.

[0026] The functions of shell powder are: to provide calcium carbonate in a slow-release manner, neutralize acidic substances; to retain fertilizer, loosen the soil, and supplement trace elements to the soil.

[0027] The functions of fish bone meal are: retaining fertilizer, loosening soil, improving fertility, and neutralizing acidic substances.

[0028] The function of slaked lime powder is to quickly neutralize acidic substances and promote the formation of soil aggregates.

[0029] The microbial improved material includes Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria, and the ratio of the number of live bacteria of each component is: Bacillus megaterium: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus licheniformis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Trichoderma harzianum: yeast: photosynthetic bacteria = (1-3): (1-3): (0.5-2): (0.5-2): (1-3): (0.5-2): (0.5-2), preferably 2: 2: 1: 1: 2: 1: 1. Further, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria are all finished solid bacterial agents, with an effective ingredient of more than 20%, and effective live bacteria of not less than 1 billion CFU / g.

[0030] For acidic sulfate soils with different pH values, the dosage and application cycle of granular improvement materials are shown in Table 1.

[0031] Table 1

[0032] The continuous use cycle of microbial improved materials is the same as that in Table 1, and the dosage shall be no less than 1 kg / mu•year.

[0033] The present invention provides a method for preparing an acid sulfate soil improvement material, comprising: Step 1: Prepare blended particle improved materials: Put natural mineral materials not containing attapulgite, zeolite and calcium-based bentonite, slaked lime powder and silicate into a stirring device to mix to obtain admixture A; put lignin sulfonate, high molecular polymer particles and powder of at least one of attapulgite, zeolite and calcium-based bentonite (all powders remaining after the natural mineral materials are used to prepare admixture A) into a stirring device to mix to obtain admixture B; put fish bone powder and shell powder into a stirring device to mix to obtain admixture C; put admixtures A, B and C into a stirring device to mix to obtain admixture D; put admixture D and organic carbon material into a stirring device to mix to obtain admixture E; put admixture E into a double-roll extrusion granulator for granulation, and the product particle size is 3-6 mm to obtain a mixed particle improved material; the above method can ensure that the components with different amounts and densities are fully mixed and uniform, and is conducive to the construction of the production line.

[0034] Step 2: Preparation of microbial improvement materials: The microbial modification material is a finished solid bacterial agent, and the ratio of the live bacteria count of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast, and photosynthetic bacteria is 2:2:1:1:2:1:1, and they are packaged separately.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for using an acid sulfate soil improvement material, comprising: The first step is to add mixed particles to improve the material: Before planting crops, drain the accumulated water on the acid sulfate soil. After the ground is moderately dry, use a fertilizer spreader to evenly spread the granular improvement materials on the ground. Use a rotary tiller to till the land 15-20cm to fully mix the granular improvement materials with the soil. For acid sulfate soils with different pH values, the dosage and application cycle of granular improvement materials are shown in Table 1. Step 2: Add microbial improvement materials: According to the instructions for use of each microbial agent in the microbial improvement material, it is prepared into a liquid and added to the field through irrigation water; the continuous use cycle is shown in Table 1, and the dosage is not less than 1 kg / mu•year; Step 3: Flood the fields: Keep the water level 5-10cm above the ground during irrigation and soak for 5-7 days. Agricultural planting can be carried out after the water level drops naturally. Example:

[0036] 1. Preparation of acid sulfate soil improvement materials The specifications and dosage of acid sulfate soil improvement materials are shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 2

[0038] Preparation of blended particle improved materials: Dolomite, wollastonite, slaked lime powder, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate are put into a stirring device and mixed to obtain admixture A; calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate, potassium lignin sulfonate, anionic polyacrylamide and attapulgite are put into a stirring device and mixed to obtain admixture B; fish bone powder and shell powder are put into a stirring device and mixed to obtain admixture C; admixtures A, B and C are put into a stirring device and mixed to obtain admixture D; admixture D and weathered coal are put into a stirring device and mixed to obtain admixture E; admixture E is put into a double-roll extrusion granulator for granulation; the product particle size is 4-5 mm, and a blended particle improved material is obtained.

[0039] Preparation of microbial improved materials Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast, and photosynthetic bacteria are packaged separately.

[0040] 2. Effect In a rice field abandoned in Taishan, Guangdong, the soil pH was 4 before improvement. One mu was selected as a blank control, and another 1 mu was selected for soil improvement. One ton of mixed granular improvement materials was evenly spread in the rice field, and the rotary tiller was used to till 15 cm to mix the soil and the mixed granular improvement materials evenly. 3 kg of microbial improvement materials were dissolved in water and injected into the rice field through the irrigation inlet. The water depth of the rice field was kept at 7 cm. After soaking for 7 days, the water level in the rice field dropped. The pH of the mixed soil sampled at 5 points was 5.3. No improvement materials were added to the blank control field, and the field was only flooded. The pH of the mixed soil sampled at 5 points was 4.1. Without applying organic fertilizers or chemical fertilizers, rice was planted in the blank control and improved fields (two crops a year). The management and maintenance methods were the same during the planting period. After the last rice harvest, the paddy field soil was sampled and tested. The pH of the improved field soil was 5.2 and the pH of the blank field soil was 4.

[0041] The same method was used for soil improvement in the second year. Before improvement in the second year, the pH of the blank control plot soil was 3.9, and the pH of the improved plot soil was 5.2. After the addition of improvement materials (the same amount as in the first year) and the soaking of the fields, the pH of the improved plot soil was 6.6, and the pH of the blank control plot soil was 4; without applying organic fertilizers or chemical fertilizers, rice was planted in the blank control and improved plots (two crops in one year), and the management and maintenance methods during the planting period were the same. After the last rice harvest, the paddy field soil was sampled and tested, and the pH of the improved plot soil was 6.5, and the pH of the blank plot soil was 4.1.

[0042] The same method was used for soil improvement in the third year. Before improvement in the third year, the pH of the blank control plot soil was 4, and the pH of the improved plot soil was 6.5. After the addition of improvement materials (the same amount as in the first year) and the soaking of the fields, the pH of the improved plot soil was 7.5, and the pH of the blank control plot soil was 4; without applying organic fertilizers or chemical fertilizers, rice was planted in the blank control and improved plots (two crops in one year), and the management and maintenance methods during the planting period were the same. After the last rice harvest, the paddy field soil was sampled and tested, and the pH of the improved plot soil was 7.5, and the pH of the blank plot soil was 4.1.

[0043] Furthermore, based on the properties of the above-mentioned acid sulfate soil improvement material, the acid sulfate soil improvement material of the present invention is also suitable for improving other types of acidic soils.

[0044] The advantages of the present invention are: The improved material of the present invention can reduce soil acidity, increase soil aggregates, preserve fertilizer and increase fertilizer, thereby increasing crop yields.

[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acid sulfate soil improvement material, characterized in that: include: blending granular improved materials and microbial improved materials; The blended particle improvement materials include natural mineral materials, organic carbon materials, lignin sulfonate, silicate, high molecular polymer, shell powder, fish bone powder and slaked lime powder; The microbial improved materials include Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria.

2. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the mixed particle improved material, the mass percentage of each component is: natural mineral material 15%-30%, organic carbon material 40%-55%, lignin sulfonate 0.5%-1%, silicate 0.5%-1%, high molecular polymer 0.1%-0.3%, shell powder 5%-10%, fish bone powder 5%-10% and slaked lime powder 5%-10%; In the microbial improved material, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of each component is: Bacillus megaterium: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus licheniformis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Trichoderma harzianum: yeast: photosynthetic bacteria = (1-3): (1-3): (0.5-2): (0.5-2): (1-3): (0.5-2): (0.5-2).

3. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The natural mineral materials include: at least four of dolomite, wollastonite, gypsum, limestone, attapulgite, zeolite, calcium-based bentonite, magnesite, hydroxyapatite, sepiolite and diatomaceous earth, among which the natural mineral materials must contain dolomite, wollastonite, gypsum, attapulgite or zeolite or calcium-based bentonite, and the mass content of dolomite is not less than 20%, the mass content of wollastonite is not less than 20%, the mass content of gypsum is not less than 20%, and the mass content of attapulgite or zeolite or calcium-based bentonite is not less than 20%.

4. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The organic carbon material includes at least one of humic acid, weathered coal, peat and biochar.

5. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lignin sulfonate comprises calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate and potassium lignin sulfonate, and the mass ratio of calcium lignin sulfonate, magnesium lignin sulfonate and potassium lignin sulfonate is (4-8):(2-4):

1.

6. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The silicate includes calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate, and the mass ratio of calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and potassium silicate is (3-6):(3-6):

1.

7. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high molecular polymer includes at least one of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and dimethylsilyl methacrylate copolymer.

8. The acid sulfate soil improving material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The powder particle size of natural mineral materials shall not exceed 0.15mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; The powder particle size of the organic carbon material shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; The particle size of lignin sulfonate shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; The particle size of silicate shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; The particle size of shell powder shall not exceed 0.15mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; The particle size of fish bone powder shall not exceed 0.15mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 15%; The particle size of the polymer particles does not exceed 0.15 mm, and the moisture content does not exceed 10%; The particle size of slaked lime shall not exceed 0.15 mm and the moisture content shall not exceed 10%; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria are all finished solid bacterial agents, with active ingredients greater than 20% and effective live bacteria not less than 1 billion CFU / g.

9. A method for preparing an acid sulfate soil improvement material according to claim 3, characterized in that: include: Put natural mineral materials not containing attapulgite, zeolite and calcium-based bentonite, slaked lime powder and silicate into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend A; put lignin sulfonate, high molecular polymer particles and powder of at least one of attapulgite, zeolite and calcium-based bentonite into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend B; put fish bone powder and shell powder into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend C; put blends A, B and C into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend D; put blend D and organic carbon material into a stirring device and mix to obtain a blend E; put blend E into a double-roll extrusion granulator for granulation, and the product particle size is 3-6 mm to obtain a blended particle improved material; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma harzianum, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria were selected as microbial improvement materials.

10. A method for using the acid sulfate soil improving material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The first step is to add mixed particles to improve the material: Before planting crops, drain the accumulated water on the acid sulfate soil, use a fertilizer spreader to evenly spread the granular improvement materials on the ground, and use a rotary tiller to till the land 15-20cm to fully mix the granular improvement materials with the soil; for acid sulfate soils with different pH, the dosage and application cycle of granular improvement materials are as follows: When the soil pH is 5.5-6.5, the dosage of the mixed granular improvement material is 0.3-0.6 tons / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 2 years; When the soil pH is 5.2-5.5, the dosage of the mixed granular improvement material is 0.4-0.8 tons / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 2 years; When the soil pH is 4.9-5.2, the dosage of mixed granular improvement materials is 0.5-1 ton / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 3 years; When the soil pH is 4.5-4.9, the dosage of mixed granular improvement materials is 0.8-1 ton / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 3 years; When soil pH is less than 4.5, the dosage of mixed granular improvement materials is 1-2 tons / mu•year, and the continuous application cycle is 3 years; Step 2: Add microbial improvement materials: Prepare liquid according to the instructions for use of each bacterial agent in the microbial improvement material and add it to the field through irrigation water; the continuous use period is the same as the application period of the mixed granular improvement material, and the dosage is not less than 1 kg / mu•year; Step 3: Flood the fields: Keep the water level 5-10cm above the ground during irrigation and soak for 5-7 days. Agricultural planting can be carried out after the water level drops naturally.

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