Real-time displacement monitoring system suitable for personnel incapable of entering underground space

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time displacement monitoring system suitable for a person incapable of entering an underground space, and relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring, the real-time displacement monitoring system comprises a mounting pipe penetrating through a drill hole, and one end, extending into the underground space, of the mounting pipe is fixedly provided with a fixing frame; the mounting pipe is sleeved with a first bearing and a second bearing; the pitch angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a first belt wheel, a second belt wheel, a first rotating shaft, a third belt wheel, a second rotating shaft, a fourth belt wheel and a mounting frame, and a first clamping head is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame; the laser range finder can be clamped with the first clamping head through the second clamping head; and the rotation adjusting mechanism comprises a second driving motor and a transmission mechanism, and the second driving motor can drive the mounting pipe to rotate relative to the drill hole through the transmission mechanism. According to the invention, real-time distance measurement can be carried out on key positions in an underground space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring, and in particular to a real-time displacement monitoring system suitable for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of mining and underground projects such as tunnels and subways, the monitoring of underground space is becoming increasingly important. In the field of mining, the existence of goafs poses a major hidden danger to production safety and people's life safety. Goafs have the characteristics of strong concealment, poor regularity, and large variability in spatial morphology. Their large amount of occurrence breaks the original balance of natural rock mass, easily produces various ground pressure phenomena, and causes harm to surrounding equipment and workers. At present, there are very few monitoring methods for goafs and similar underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel.

[0003] In the existing technology, a 3D laser scanner is often used to obtain displacement by placing a guide rod into the goaf at regular intervals or by flying a drone into the goaf at regular intervals. However, this method cannot obtain monitoring data in real time, and the equipment is expensive. It is very easy to be damaged and cause economic losses when used in goafs with many uncertain factors. It can be seen that the real-time monitoring technology of surrounding rock deformation in underground spaces that cannot be entered by personnel has defects, and a new monitoring system and method are urgently needed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time displacement monitoring system suitable for underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and realize real-time displacement monitoring of underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a real-time displacement monitoring system applicable to underground spaces where personnel cannot enter, comprising:

[0007] A mounting tube passes through a drilled hole, the drilled hole connects the underground space with an external space, and a fixing frame is fixedly arranged at one end of the mounting tube extending into the underground space; a first bearing and a second bearing are sleeved on the mounting tube, and the outer ring of the first bearing and the outer ring of the second bearing are respectively interference fit with the inner wall of the drilled hole;

[0008] A pitch angle adjustment mechanism, the pitch angle adjustment mechanism comprises a first drive motor, a first pulley, a second pulley, a first rotating shaft, a third pulley, a second rotating shaft, a fourth pulley and a mounting frame, the first drive motor is fixedly connected to the mounting tube and is located outside the mounting tube, the output shaft of the first drive motor extends into the mounting tube, the first pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor, the first rotating shaft is rotationally matched with the mounting tube, the second pulley and the third pulley are respectively fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotationally matched with the fixing frame, the fourth pulley is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft, the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and a first clamping joint is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame; the first pulley is transmission-connected to the second pulley via a first belt, and the third pulley is transmission-connected to the fourth pulley via a second belt;

[0009] A laser rangefinder, wherein the laser rangefinder can be connected to the first card connector via a second card connector;

[0010] The rotation adjustment mechanism includes a second drive motor and a transmission mechanism. The second drive motor can drive the mounting tube to rotate relative to the drill hole through the transmission mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the invention further comprises a pushing mechanism, wherein the pushing mechanism comprises a push rod and a mounting plate, the push rod is fixedly provided with a protrusion, an axial slide groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting tube corresponding to the protrusion, when the push rod extends into the mounting tube, the protrusion is partially located outside the mounting tube, and the protrusion is slidably matched with the axial slide groove; the laser rangefinder is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, a groove is provided on the mounting plate corresponding to the protrusion, and the protrusion can be partially embedded in the groove; when the protrusion is partially embedded in the groove, the mounting plate and the laser rangefinder can be driven to move by moving the push rod;

[0012] The second rotating shaft is located on a side of the mounting tube close to the axial sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, the outer ring of the first bearing is connected to a first rope, the outer ring of the second bearing is connected to a second rope, both the first rope and the second rope pass through the borehole and are partially located in the external space, and the second rope is partially located between the outer ring of the first bearing and the inner wall of the borehole.

[0014] Preferably, the external space is a space accessible to people.

[0015] Preferably, the axial direction of the output shaft of the first drive motor, the axial direction of the first pulley, the axial direction of the second pulley, the axial direction of the third pulley, the axial direction of the fourth pulley, the axial direction of the first rotating shaft and the axial direction of the second rotating shaft are all perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting tube.

[0016] Preferably, the first clamping joint is a rectangular tube;

[0017] The second clamping joint includes a rectangular rod and elastic clamping blocks respectively fixed on both sides of the rectangular rod, and the side walls of the rectangular tube are respectively provided with notches corresponding to the two elastic clamping blocks. The rectangular rod can extend into the rectangular tube, and the elastic clamping blocks can be clamped in the corresponding notches.

[0018] Preferably, the elastic block is wedge-shaped.

[0019] Preferably, the second clamping joint also includes a limiting ring, which is connected to the laser rangefinder via a spring, and the rectangular rod passes through the limiting ring, and the limiting ring is used to abut against one end of the rectangular tube away from the mounting frame under the elastic force of the spring.

[0020] Preferably, the transmission mechanism adopts a belt transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism; and the second drive motor is fixedly arranged.

[0021] Preferably, angle scale lines are provided on the end surface of the mounting tube away from the underground space; and angle scale lines are provided on the circumferential side wall of the first pulley not covered by the first belt.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0023] The real-time displacement monitoring system of the present invention is suitable for underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel. Through the cooperation of an installation tube, a fixing frame, a pitch angle adjustment mechanism, a laser rangefinder and a rotation adjustment mechanism, real-time distance measurement can be performed on key positions in the underground space, thereby providing a data basis for calculating displacement, thus meeting the demand for real-time monitoring of underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel.

[0024] Furthermore, the pitch angle adjustment mechanism can accurately adjust the pitch angle of the laser rangefinder, so that the laser rangefinder can be aimed at monitoring targets at different heights, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of monitoring.

[0025] Furthermore, the rotation adjustment mechanism can drive the mounting tube to rotate relative to the borehole, thereby driving the laser rangefinder to rotate, thereby achieving distance measurement for monitoring targets in different directions, further improving the comprehensiveness of monitoring.

[0026] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder can be connected to the first card connector on the mounting frame through the second card connector, so as to achieve quick installation and disassembly, and facilitate maintenance and reuse of the equipment.

[0027] Furthermore, the setting of the pushing mechanism can conveniently push out or retract the laser rangefinder, further improving the convenience of installation and disassembly.

[0028] Furthermore, the outer rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are respectively interference fit with the inner wall of the borehole, thereby ensuring the stability of the mounting tube in the borehole. At the same time, the provision of the first rope and the second rope can recycle the first bearing and the second bearing when necessary, thus adapting to different drilling conditions.

[0029] Furthermore, the specific structural design of the first clamping joint and the second clamping joint, such as the cooperation of the rectangular tube and the rectangular rod with the elastic clamping block, and the setting of the limit ring and the spring, improves the accuracy and reliability of the installation of the laser rangefinder and ensures the stable position of the laser rangefinder during the monitoring process.

[0030] Furthermore, angle scale lines are provided on the end surface of the mounting tube away from the underground space and on the circumferential side wall of the first pulley, so that operators can read the pitch angle and the rotation angle conveniently and make precise adjustments.

[0031] Furthermore, compared with the prior art which uses expensive three-dimensional laser scanners or drones carrying three-dimensional laser scanning devices, the monitoring system of the present invention has lower costs and is conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0032] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder is installed in a split manner and is installed at the rear, which can effectively prevent damage to the equipment caused by slight collapse of the drilling channel or gravel during the installation process, thereby improving the equipment's ability to resist damage.

[0033] Furthermore, after the device is used, it can be easily taken out and reused, which reduces the cost of use.

[0034] Furthermore, the present invention is not only suitable for monitoring of mine goaf areas, but can also be used for real-time monitoring of rock displacement in other underground chambers such as tunnels and subways, and has a wide range of applications.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention can monitor the displacement of key positions in the underground space in real time, promptly discover potential safety hazards, and provide timely and accurate information for taking corresponding measures.

[0036] Furthermore, the monitoring system has a relatively simple structural design and is easy to operate. It does not require professional technicians to perform complex operations, thus lowering the threshold for use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the real-time displacement monitoring system of the present invention which is applicable to underground spaces where personnel cannot enter;

[0039] Figure 2 The present invention is a partial structural diagram of a real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first clamping joint and the second clamping joint in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 The present invention is a partial structural diagram of a real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter. Figure 2 ;

[0042] In the figure: 1. first drive motor; 2. mounting tube; 3. first bearing; 4. second bearing; 5. second drive motor; 6. push rod; 7. laser rangefinder; 8. first clamping joint; 9. fixing frame; 10. first pulley; 11. first rope; 12. second rope; 13. second pulley; 14. first rotating shaft; 15. second rotating shaft; 16. fourth pulley; 17. mounting frame; 18. mounting plate; 19. rectangular rod; 20. elastic block; 21. spring; 22. limiting ring; 23. notch; 24. groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time displacement monitoring system suitable for underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and realize real-time displacement monitoring of underground spaces that are inaccessible to personnel.

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a real-time displacement monitoring system applicable to underground spaces where personnel cannot enter, including:

[0047] The mounting tube 2 passes through the drilled hole, and the drilled hole connects the underground space with the external space. A fixing frame 9 is fixedly arranged at one end of the mounting tube 2 extending into the underground space. A first bearing 3 and a second bearing 4 are sleeved on the mounting tube 2. The outer ring of the first bearing 3 and the outer ring of the second bearing 4 are respectively interference fit with the inner wall of the drilled hole.

[0048] The pitch angle adjustment mechanism comprises a first drive motor 1, a first pulley 10, a second pulley 13, a first rotating shaft 14, a third pulley, a second rotating shaft 15, a fourth pulley 16 and a mounting frame 17. The first drive motor 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting tube 2 and is located outside the mounting tube 2. The output shaft of the first drive motor 1 extends into the mounting tube 2. The first pulley 10 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor 1. The first rotating shaft 14 is rotationally matched with the mounting tube 2. The second pulley 13 and the third pulley are respectively fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft 14. The second rotating shaft 15 is rotationally matched with the fixing frame 9. The fourth pulley 16 is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 15. The mounting frame 17 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 15. A first clamping joint 8 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 17. The first pulley 10 is transmission-connected to the second pulley 13 through a first belt, and the third pulley is transmission-connected to the fourth pulley 16 through a second belt.

[0049] A laser distance meter 7, which can be connected to the first card connector 8 via a second card connector;

[0050] The rotation adjustment mechanism includes a second drive motor 5 and a transmission mechanism. The second drive motor 5 can drive the mounting tube 2 to rotate relative to the drill hole through the transmission mechanism.

[0051] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred to further include a pushing mechanism, which includes a push rod 6 and a mounting plate 18. A protrusion is fixedly provided on the push rod 6, and an axial slide groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting tube 2 corresponding to the protrusion. When the push rod 6 extends into the mounting tube 2, the protrusion is partially located outside the mounting tube 2, and the protrusion is slidably matched with the axial slide groove; the laser rangefinder 7 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 18, and a groove 24 is provided on the mounting plate 18 corresponding to the protrusion, and the protrusion can be partially embedded in the groove 24; when the protrusion is partially embedded in the groove 24, the mounting plate 18 and the laser rangefinder 7 can be driven to move by moving the push rod 6; the second rotating shaft 15 is located on the side of the mounting tube 2 close to the axial slide groove.

[0052] The setting of the pushing mechanism can conveniently push out or retract the laser rangefinder 7, further improving the convenience of installation and disassembly. Specifically, the installation plate 18 and the laser rangefinder 7 are driven to move by moving the push rod 6 until the second clamping joint is clamped with the first clamping joint 8, thereby completing the installation of the laser rangefinder 7; when disassembling, the installation plate 18 and the laser rangefinder 7 are driven to move toward the external space by moving the push rod 6, and the second clamping joint can be separated from the first clamping joint 8 under the action of external force, thereby completing the disassembly of the laser rangefinder 7.

[0053] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the outer ring of the first bearing 3 is connected to the first rope 11, and the outer ring of the second bearing 4 is connected to the second rope 12. The first rope 11 and the second rope 12 both pass through the borehole and are partially located in the external space, and the second rope 12 is partially located between the outer ring of the first bearing 3 and the inner wall of the borehole. The outer rings of the first bearing 3 and the second bearing 4 are respectively interference fit with the inner wall of the borehole, ensuring the stability of the mounting tube 2 in the borehole. At the same time, the arrangement of the first rope 11 and the second rope 12 can recycle the first bearing 3 and the second bearing 4 when needed, adapting to different drilling conditions. When disassembling, the first bearing 3 is retracted by pulling the first rope 11, and the second bearing 4 is retracted by pulling the second rope 12.

[0054] It should be noted that the external space is the space that people can enter.

[0055] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the axial direction of the output shaft of the first drive motor 1, the axial direction of the first pulley 10, the axial direction of the second pulley 13, the axial direction of the third pulley, the axial direction of the fourth pulley 16, the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 14 and the axial direction of the second rotating shaft 15 are all perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting tube 2.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a structure of a first card connector 8 and a second card connector, which are specifically as follows:

[0057] The first clamping joint 8 is a rectangular tube; the second clamping joint includes a rectangular rod 19 and elastic clamping blocks 20 respectively fixed on both sides of the rectangular rod 19, and the side walls of the rectangular tube are respectively provided with notches 23 corresponding to the two elastic clamping blocks 20, and the rectangular rod 19 can extend into the rectangular tube, and the elastic clamping blocks 20 can be clamped at the corresponding notches 23. The elastic clamping blocks are wedge-shaped. The second clamping joint also includes a limit ring 22, which is connected to the laser rangefinder 7 through a spring 21, and the rectangular rod 19 passes through the limit ring 22, and the limit ring 22 is used to abut against the end of the rectangular tube away from the mounting frame 17 under the elastic force of the spring 21.

[0058] The specific structural design of the first clamping joint 8 and the second clamping joint, such as the cooperation between the rectangular tube and the rectangular rod 19 with the elastic clamping block 20, and the setting of the limit ring 22 and the spring 21, improves the installation accuracy and reliability of the laser rangefinder 7 and ensures the stable position of the laser rangefinder 7 during the monitoring process.

[0059] In the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the transmission mechanism adopts a belt transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism; the second drive motor 5 is fixedly arranged.

[0060] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, preferably, the end surface of the mounting tube 2 away from the underground space is provided with angle scale lines, and the circumferential side wall of the first pulley 10 not covered by the first belt is provided with angle scale lines, so that the operator can read the pitch angle and the rotation angle conveniently and make precise adjustments.

[0061] It is worth mentioning that the first drive motor 1 and the second drive motor 5 in this embodiment both adopt brake servo motors, which not only realize precise speed and position control, but also when the motor stops running, the motor shaft stops rotating quickly through mechanical braking, thereby preventing the motor from accidentally rotating due to external force, thereby realizing the locking of the pitch angle and rotation angle.

[0062] The specific method of using the real-time displacement monitoring system of this embodiment, which is applicable to underground spaces where personnel cannot enter, is as follows:

[0063] (1) Installation process:

[0064] First, a borehole is drilled between the underground space to be monitored and the external space; the diameter of the borehole should be larger than the sum of the outer diameter of the installation pipe 2 and the height of the laser rangefinder 7, so that the installation pipe 2 and the laser rangefinder 7 can pass through smoothly;

[0065] Then assemble the pitch angle adjustment mechanism and install it on the mounting pipe 2; then pass the mounting pipe 2 through the drilled hole, and make sure that the end of the mounting pipe 2 extending into the underground space is provided with a fixing frame 9;

[0066] Install the laser rangefinder 7 on the mounting plate 18, ensuring that the position of the groove 24 on the mounting plate 18 corresponds to the protrusion on the push rod 6, so that the protrusion is partially embedded in the groove 24; then align the protrusion on the push rod 6 with the axial groove on the side wall of the mounting tube 2, and extend the push rod 6 into the mounting tube 2, so that the protrusion is located outside the mounting tube 2 and slides with the axial groove; push the push rod 6 toward the underground space, and drive the mounting plate 18 and the laser rangefinder 7 to move together, until the second clamping joint on the laser rangefinder 7 is clamped with the first clamping joint 8 on the mounting frame 17;

[0067] Then, the second bearing 4 is firstly put on the mounting tube 2, and the second bearing 4 is pushed toward the underground space by a tool such as a stick or a rod, until the outer ring of the second bearing 4 is tightly matched with the inner wall of the drilled hole, and one end of the second rope 12 is ensured to be located in the external space; then, the first bearing 3 is put on the mounting tube 2, and the first bearing 3 is pushed toward the underground space by a tool such as a stick or a rod, until the outer ring of the first bearing 3 is tightly matched with the inner wall of the drilled hole, and one end of the first rope 11 is ensured to be located in the external space;

[0068] Then, the output shaft of the second driving motor 5 is drivingly connected to one end of the mounting tube 2 located in the external space through a belt transmission mechanism.

[0069] (2) Usage process

[0070] When it is necessary to monitor a specific position in the underground space, the second drive motor 5 is started to drive the mounting tube 2 to rotate relative to the borehole through the transmission mechanism to adjust the horizontal angle of the laser rangefinder 7. The rotation angle can be determined by observing the angle scale line on the end face of the mounting tube 2 away from the underground space.

[0071] The first drive motor 1 is started, and the output shaft of the first drive motor 1 drives the first pulley 10 to rotate, and drives the second pulley 13 to rotate through the first belt, thereby driving the first rotating shaft 14 to rotate. The third pulley on the first rotating shaft 14 drives the fourth pulley 16 to rotate through the second belt, thereby driving the second rotating shaft 15 to rotate. The mounting bracket 17 on the second rotating shaft 15 rotates accordingly to adjust the pitch angle of the laser rangefinder 7. The pitch angle can be determined by observing the angle scale lines on the circumferential side wall of the first pulley 10 that is not covered by the first belt.

[0072] After adjusting the laser rangefinder 7 into position, turn on the laser rangefinder 7 and start real-time monitoring of the underground space. It is worth noting that the control cables and signal cables of the laser rangefinder 7 can be extended to the external space through the installation pipe 2, and connected to the control equipment and the monitoring equipment for monitoring.

[0073] (3) Equipment recycling

[0074] When the monitoring task is completed, if the equipment needs to be recovered, the above installation process can be reversed. First, the transmission connection between the second drive motor 5 and the installation tube 2 is released, and then the first bearing 3 and the second bearing 4 are taken out through the first rope 11 and the second rope 12; then the installation plate 18 and the laser rangefinder 7 are driven to move toward the external space by moving the push rod 6, and the second card joint can be separated from the first card joint 8 under the action of external force, so as to retract the laser rangefinder 7. Finally, the installation tube 2 is pulled out of the drill hole; the equipment is inspected and maintained for the next use. If the equipment fails during use, it can be repaired or parts replaced according to the specific situation.

[0075] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time displacement monitoring system suitable for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter, characterized in that: include: A mounting tube passes through a drilled hole, the drilled hole connects the underground space with an external space, and a fixing frame is fixedly arranged at one end of the mounting tube extending into the underground space; a first bearing and a second bearing are sleeved on the mounting tube, and the outer ring of the first bearing and the outer ring of the second bearing are respectively interference fit with the inner wall of the drilled hole; A pitch angle adjustment mechanism, the pitch angle adjustment mechanism comprises a first drive motor, a first pulley, a second pulley, a first rotating shaft, a third pulley, a second rotating shaft, a fourth pulley and a mounting frame, the first drive motor is fixedly connected to the mounting tube and is located outside the mounting tube, the output shaft of the first drive motor extends into the mounting tube, the first pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor, the first rotating shaft is rotationally matched with the mounting tube, the second pulley and the third pulley are respectively fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotationally matched with the fixing frame, the fourth pulley is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft, the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and a first clamping joint is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame; the first pulley is transmission-connected to the second pulley via a first belt, and the third pulley is transmission-connected to the fourth pulley via a second belt; A laser rangefinder, wherein the laser rangefinder can be connected to the first card connector via a second card connector; The rotation adjustment mechanism includes a second drive motor and a transmission mechanism. The second drive motor can drive the mounting tube to rotate relative to the drill hole through the transmission mechanism.

2. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pushing mechanism, which includes a push rod and a mounting plate, the push rod is fixedly provided with a protrusion, and an axial sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the mounting tube corresponding to the protrusion, when the push rod extends into the mounting tube, the protrusion is partially located outside the mounting tube, and the protrusion is slidably matched with the axial sliding groove; the laser rangefinder is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, and a groove is provided on the mounting plate corresponding to the protrusion, and the protrusion can be partially embedded in the groove; when the protrusion is partially embedded in the groove, the mounting plate and the laser rangefinder can be driven to move by moving the push rod; The second rotating shaft is located on a side of the mounting tube close to the axial sliding groove.

3. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first rope is connected to the outer ring of the first bearing, and a second rope is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing. Both the first rope and the second rope pass through the borehole and are partially located in the external space. The second rope is partially located between the outer ring of the first bearing and the inner wall of the borehole.

4. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external space is a space that people can enter.

5. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial direction of the output shaft of the first drive motor, the axial direction of the first pulley, the axial direction of the second pulley, the axial direction of the third pulley, the axial direction of the fourth pulley, the axial direction of the first rotating shaft and the axial direction of the second rotating shaft are all perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting tube.

6. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping joint is a rectangular tube; The second clamping joint includes a rectangular rod and elastic clamping blocks respectively fixed on both sides of the rectangular rod, and the side walls of the rectangular tube are respectively provided with notches corresponding to the two elastic clamping blocks. The rectangular rod can extend into the rectangular tube, and the elastic clamping blocks can be clamped in the corresponding notches.

7. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic block is wedge-shaped.

8. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second clamping joint also includes a limiting ring, which is connected to the laser rangefinder via a spring, and the rectangular rod passes through the limiting ring, and the limiting ring is used to abut against one end of the rectangular tube away from the mounting frame under the elastic force of the spring.

9. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism adopts a belt transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism; the second driving motor is fixedly arranged.

10. The real-time displacement monitoring system for underground spaces where personnel cannot enter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Angle scale lines are arranged on the end surface of the mounting tube at one end away from the underground space; and angle scale lines are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the first pulley not covered by the first belt.

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