Photovoltaic tile, and installation structure and installation method of photovoltaic tile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the photovoltaic technical field, and discloses a photovoltaic tile, a photovoltaic tile mounting structure and a photovoltaic tile mounting method.The photovoltaic tile comprises a glass layer, a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string layer, a second packaging adhesive film, a photovoltaic PET backboard layer, a third packaging adhesive film and a backboard which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The surface glass layer of the photovoltaic tile adopts the acid etching process rain pattern glass, the matte anti-dazzle plate glass or the photovoltaic embossed / float glass, so that reflected light can be greatly reduced, and light pollution is avoided. According to the photovoltaic tile, the front glass layer is matched with the back plate on the back, and the back plate comprises the aluminum-zinc-plated metal plate, the tin-aluminum-plated metal plate, the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-plated metal plate or the composite glass fiber back plate, so that the hail resistance is improved, and the fireproof performance is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic tile, a photovoltaic tile installation structure and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic tiles, as an important product in rooftop photovoltaic systems, can completely replace traditional clay tiles, cement tiles, asbestos tiles and other materials. As a green power consumption product, photovoltaic tiles can effectively promote the development of rooftop photovoltaics, so that low-carbon and environmentally friendly green energy can be used in households.

[0003] The existing photovoltaic tile products have serious light pollution caused by strong light reflected from the front glass, and the PET backboard material has poor fire resistance and hail resistance. The edges of the existing photovoltaic tile products are wrapped with aluminum alloy frames. The side of the long side of the aluminum alloy frame of a photovoltaic tile is fixed to the tile hanging strip with self-tapping screws, and the connecting hook is fixed to the tile hanging strip again with self-tapping screws. The long side of another photovoltaic tile is inserted into the hook of the previous one to complete the installation. The roof system is cumbersome to install. This installation method cannot solve the problem of later single-piece disassembly. The labor cost and operation and maintenance cost are high, and industrial development cannot be achieved. The connection between the left and right of the existing photovoltaic tiles is connected by a snap-on connection through the wrapped metal frame, which makes the surface of the photovoltaic tiles seriously metallized, affecting the overall appearance of the roof. The existing photovoltaic tiles generally use polymer flat-plate watt supports, and the adjacent watt supports are overlapped and installed. Due to the limitations of the material structure characteristics and the lack of sealing devices, the waterproof performance is poor and cannot meet the relevant requirements of building waterproofing. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic tile, comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer, a first packaging film layer, a battery string layer, a second packaging film layer, a photovoltaic PET backboard layer, a third packaging film layer and a backboard.

[0005] The glass layer includes acid-etched rain-patterned glass, matte anti-glare flat glass or photovoltaic embossed / float glass.

[0006] The back plate includes an aluminum-zinc-plated metal plate, a tin-plated aluminum metal plate, an aluminum-zinc-magnesium-plated metal plate or a composite glass fiber back plate.

[0007] A photovoltaic tile installation structure, comprising:

[0008] Tile hanging bars, a plurality of which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart and arranged in ascending order in the height direction;

[0009] A first connecting member, the first connecting member comprises a long side mounting base and a long side hanging groove, a plurality of the long side mounting bases are detachably arranged at intervals on each tile hanging strip, and a plurality of the long side hanging grooves are detachably connected to the plurality of the long side mounting bases respectively;

[0010] A second connecting member, wherein a plurality of the second connecting members are arranged on one side of the bottom of the photovoltaic tile, and the plurality of the second connecting members are respectively engaged with a plurality of long side hanging grooves;

[0011] The first clamping member and the second clamping member are relatively arranged at two ends of the short side of the rectangular photovoltaic tile, and adjacent photovoltaic tiles are clamped together by the first clamping member and the second clamping member.

[0012] It also includes a waterproof strip, which is detachably arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic tile and located at the outside of the long side hanging groove, and the waterproof strip is in contact with the top of the next row of photovoltaic tiles.

[0013] It also includes water-following strips, a plurality of which are arranged in parallel and at intervals at the bottom of the tile hanging strips, and the water-following strips are arranged vertically to the tile hanging strips.

[0014] The long side hanging groove is detachably connected to the long side mounting seat via bolts.

[0015] The second connecting piece is bonded to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile by silicone structural adhesive.

[0016] The first clamping member and the second clamping member are both bonded to the photovoltaic tile by silicone structural adhesive.

[0017] A method for installing photovoltaic tiles comprises the following steps:

[0018] Laying tile hanging strips, wherein a plurality of the tile hanging strips are arranged in parallel and spaced apart and arranged in ascending order in the height direction;

[0019] Installing first connecting members, wherein a plurality of the first connecting members are detachably arranged at intervals on each tile hanging bar, and each photovoltaic tile is connected to at least two first connecting members;

[0020] Install a second connection member, wherein a plurality of the second connection members are arranged on one side of the bottom of the photovoltaic tile, and at least two second connection members are arranged on the bottom of each photovoltaic tile;

[0021] Install a first clamping member and a second clamping member, and install the first clamping member and the second clamping member on both sides of the short side of each rectangular photovoltaic tile respectively;

[0022] Install the photovoltaic tile, one end of the second connector at the bottom of the photovoltaic tile is connected to the first connector, and the other end of the photovoltaic tile is detachably connected to the long side mounting base of the first connector, repeating from top to bottom, and the photovoltaic tiles adjacent to each other on the left and right are connected by the first connector and the second connector, repeating from left to right. Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The surface glass layer of the photovoltaic tile of the present application adopts acid-etched rain-patterned glass, matte anti-glare flat glass or photovoltaic embossed / float glass, which can greatly reduce reflected light and avoid light pollution.

[0024] 2. The photovoltaic tiles of the present application use a front glass layer and a back panel on the back, and the back panel includes an aluminum-zinc-coated metal plate, a tin-coated aluminum metal plate, an aluminum-zinc-magnesium-coated metal plate or a composite glass fiber back panel, which improves hail resistance and enhances fire resistance.

[0025] 3. The present application sets a first connector and a second connector so that one end of the photovoltaic tile can be detachably connected through the first connector and the second connector, and the other end of the photovoltaic tile can be detachably connected to the long side mounting base, so that installation and disassembly can be achieved quickly.

[0026] 4. The present application realizes the connection between two adjacent photovoltaic tiles by setting up the first clip connector and the second clip connector. The first clip connector and the second clip connector do not wrap the frame of the photovoltaic tile, which will not cause serious surface metallization of the photovoltaic tile, and the overall appearance is more beautiful.

[0027] 5. The present application seals the gap between the upper and lower interconnected photovoltaic tiles by setting waterproof strips to prevent water from seeping into the photovoltaic tiles. By setting water-conducting strips, the seeped water can be quickly discharged to avoid water seeping into the roof and causing problems such as house leakage.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic tile in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of photovoltaic tiles in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a first connecting member in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the long side mounting base structure in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 5It shows a schematic diagram of the long side hanging groove structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first clamping member in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second clamping member in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first clamping member and the second clamping member being clamped together in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a waterproof strip according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of photovoltaic tile installation in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of disassembling photovoltaic tiles in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] In the figure, 100, photovoltaic tile; 101, glass layer; 102, first layer of packaging film; 103, battery string layer; 104, second layer of packaging film; 105, photovoltaic PET backplane layer; 106, third layer of packaging film; 107, backplane; 1, tile hanging strip; 2, first connecting piece; 21, long side mounting base; 22, long side hanging groove; 3, second connecting piece; 4, first clip; 5, second clip; 6, waterproof strip; 7, water-relief strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic tile 100 includes a glass layer 101, a first packaging film layer 102, a battery string layer 103, a second packaging film layer 104, a photovoltaic PET backboard layer 105, a third packaging film layer 106 and a backboard 107 arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0044] Existing glass materials generally use conventional tempered glass. The glass layer 101 described in the present application includes acid-etched rain pattern glass, matte anti-glare flat glass or photovoltaic embossed / float glass. The glass layer 101 is the outermost layer directly in contact with sunlight. Rain pattern glass or matte anti-glare flat glass or photovoltaic embossed / float glass can prevent glare and reduce light pollution, and can be widely used in areas such as airport terminal roofs and highway service area roofs.

[0045] The backboard 107 includes an aluminum-zinc-plated metal plate, a tin-plated aluminum metal plate, an aluminum-zinc-magnesium-plated metal plate or a composite glass fiber backboard. Installing the backboard 107 can improve the hail resistance, and the aluminum-zinc-plated metal plate, the tin-plated aluminum metal plate or the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-plated metal plate can make the fire resistance performance more excellent.

[0046] The battery string of the battery string layer 103 of the photovoltaic tile 100 adopts a series-parallel circuit and a design in which the long side of the upper end of the integrated junction box is centered.

[0047] The existing photovoltaic tile 100 uses conventional double-sided welded crystalline silicon cells. The blue cells are welded through silver-white interconnecting strips. There are many interconnecting strips densely distributed on the front of the cell. The color difference in appearance seriously affects the appearance. At the same time, the front of the double-sided welded cell is blocked by the welding strip, and the power generation efficiency is greatly reduced.

[0048] The photovoltaic tile 100 cell string layer 103 of the present application adopts N-type IBC / TBC full back contact crystalline silicon cells, which are welded by interconnection strips. There is no grid line blocking the front of the cell, so the power generation area is larger and the power generation efficiency is higher. There is no grid line on the front of the photovoltaic tile 100, and the appearance color is unified for better effect.

[0049] The cell in the photovoltaic tile 100 of the present application can be a P-type HPBC cell or an N-type ABC or other full back contact cell, wherein the P-type HPBC uses a P-type silicon wafer doped with boron, and the boron complex reduces the number of minority carriers, causing serious cell attenuation.

[0050] The first packaging film 102 , the second packaging film 104 , and the third packaging film 106 are made of POE / EPE packaging films.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, a photovoltaic tile 100 installation structure includes:

[0052] A plurality of tile hanging bars 1 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart and arranged in ascending order in the height direction;

[0053] A first connecting member 2, the first connecting member 2 comprising a long side mounting base 21 and a long side hanging groove 22, a plurality of the long side mounting bases 21 are detachably arranged at intervals on each tile hanging strip 1, and a plurality of the long side hanging grooves 22 are detachably connected to a plurality of the long side mounting bases 21;

[0054] A second connecting member 3, wherein a plurality of the second connecting members 3 are arranged on one side of the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 100, and the plurality of the second connecting members 3 are respectively engaged with a plurality of long side hanging grooves 22;

[0055] The first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5 are relatively arranged at two ends of the short side of the rectangular photovoltaic tile 100, and the adjacent photovoltaic tiles 100 are clamped together by the first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the first connecting member 2 is composed of a long side mounting base 21 and a long side hanging groove 22. The long side mounting base 21 is T-shaped and has a folded edge at one end of the base (such as Figure 4 As shown), the bottom of the long side mounting base 21 is connected to the tile hanging strip 1 by bolts, and the folded edge of the long side mounting base 21 is in contact with the side edge of the tile hanging strip 1 to limit the position, making the installation more convenient and quick. In order to increase the friction between the long side mounting base 21 and the tile hanging strip 1, a single-sided self-adhesive foam pad can be bonded to the bottom of the long side mounting base 21.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the long side hanging groove 22 is a groove with a folded edge, and the folded edge of the long side hanging groove 22 is detachably connected to the long side mounting base 21. The groove of the long side hanging groove 22 clamps the second connecting member 3 on one hand and limits the second connecting member 3 on the other hand.

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, the first clamping member 4 is composed of a connecting platform and an E-shaped sealing grid. The height of the E-shaped sealing grid is the same as the thickness of the photovoltaic tile 100. The first clamping member 4 is arranged on the left side of the short side of the photovoltaic tile 100. Figure 7 As shown, the second clamping member 5 is composed of a connecting platform and an E-shaped sealing grid, the height of the E-shaped sealing grid is the same as the thickness of the photovoltaic tile 100 , and the second clamping member 5 is arranged on the right side of the short side of the photovoltaic tile 100 .

[0059] like Figure 8 As shown, the left and right adjacent photovoltaic tiles 100 are clamped by the first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5, and the E-type sealing grid of the first clamping member 4 and the E-type sealing grid of the second clamping member 5 are clamped with each other in reverse. Since the E-type sealing grid has the same thickness as the photovoltaic tile 100, the first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5 that are clamped in reverse are in the same plane as the photovoltaic tile 100. The first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5 do not wrap the frame of the photovoltaic tile 100, which will not cause serious surface metallization of the photovoltaic tile 100, and the overall appearance effect is more beautiful.

[0060] like Fig. 9As shown, the installation structure further includes a waterproof strip 6, which is detachably arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 100 and located outside the long side hanging groove 22, and the waterproof strip 6 contacts the top of the next row of photovoltaic tiles 100. The waterproof strip 6 includes a waterproof rubber strip.

[0061] The installation structure further comprises water-adjusting strips 7 , a plurality of which are arranged in parallel and at intervals at the bottom of the tile hanging strips 1 , and the water-adjusting strips 7 are arranged perpendicular to the tile hanging strips 1 .

[0062] The waterproof strip 6 seals the gap between the upper and lower interconnected photovoltaic tiles 100 to prevent water from penetrating into the photovoltaic tiles 100. By providing the water-conducting strip 7, the infiltrated water can be quickly discharged to avoid water penetrating into the roof and causing house leakage.

[0063] The long side hanging groove 22 is detachably connected to the long side mounting seat by bolts.

[0064] The second connecting member 3 is bonded to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 100 by silicone structural adhesive.

[0065] The first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5 are both bonded to the photovoltaic tile 100 by silicone structural adhesive.

[0066] The waterproof strip 6 is bonded to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 100 via a rubber strip.

[0067] like Fig.10 As shown, a method for installing a photovoltaic tile 100 includes the following steps:

[0068] Laying tile hanging strips 1, wherein a plurality of the tile hanging strips 1 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart and arranged in ascending order in the height direction;

[0069] Install the first connecting member 2, and each tile hanging bar 1 is provided with a plurality of the first connecting members 2 at intervals and detachably, and each photovoltaic tile 100 is connected with at least two first connecting members 2;

[0070] Installing a second connection member 3, wherein a plurality of the second connection members 3 are arranged on one side of the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 100, and at least two second connection members 3 are arranged on the bottom of each photovoltaic tile 100;

[0071] Install the first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5, and install the first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5 on both sides of the short side of each rectangular photovoltaic tile 100;

[0072] Install the photovoltaic tile 100, and one end of the second connecting member 3 set at the bottom of the photovoltaic tile 100 is clamped with the first connecting member 2, and the other end of the photovoltaic tile 100 is detachably connected to the long side mounting base 21 of the first connecting member 2, and repeat from top to bottom. The adjacent photovoltaic tiles 100 on the left and right are connected by the first clamping member 4 and the second clamping member 5, and repeat from left to right.

[0073] like Fig.11 As shown, when one of the photovoltaic tiles 100 needs to be removed for replacement or repair, or when the entire photovoltaic tile 100 roof needs to be removed, first remove the waterproof strip 6 bonded to the long side of the photovoltaic tile 100, remove the screws connecting the long side hanging groove 22 and the long side mounting base 21, and remove the long side hanging groove 22. At this time, one end of the photovoltaic tile 100 has achieved the separation of the second connecting member 3 and the first connecting member 2, and then remove the screws connecting the other end of the photovoltaic tile 100 to the long side mounting base 21. At this time, the other end of the photovoltaic tile 100 is separated from the first connecting member 2. Finally, since each photovoltaic tile 100 has a positive and negative electrode lead-out, it is necessary to disconnect the connection between the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic tiles 100 before complete disassembly. Pulling the photovoltaic tile 100 downward can complete the single-piece disassembly, and the photovoltaic tile 100 that needs to be replaced can complete the replacement and maintenance of the single photovoltaic tile 100 product by following the above steps in reverse.

[0074] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile, characterized in that: The invention comprises, from top to bottom, a glass layer (101), a first layer of encapsulation film (102), a battery string layer (103), a second layer of encapsulation film (104), a photovoltaic PET backboard layer (105), a third layer of encapsulation film (106) and a backboard (107).

2. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass layer (101) comprises acid-etched rain-patterned glass, matte anti-glare flat glass or photovoltaic embossed / float glass.

3. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back plate (107) comprises an aluminum-zinc-plated metal plate, a tin-plated aluminum metal plate, an aluminum-zinc-magnesium-plated metal plate or a composite glass fiber back plate.

4. A photovoltaic tile installation structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: Tile hanging bars (1), a plurality of the tile hanging bars (1) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart and arranged in ascending order in the height direction; A first connecting member (2), the first connecting member (2) comprising a long side mounting base (21) and a long side hanging groove (22), a plurality of the long side mounting bases (21) being detachably arranged at intervals on each tile hanging strip (1), and a plurality of the long side hanging grooves (22) being detachably connected to the plurality of the long side mounting bases (21); A second connecting member (3), wherein a plurality of the second connecting members (3) are arranged on one side of the bottom of the photovoltaic tile (100), and the plurality of the second connecting members (3) are respectively engaged with a plurality of long side hanging grooves (22); A first clamping component (4) and a second clamping component (5) are arranged relatively at two ends of a short side of a rectangular photovoltaic tile (100), and adjacent photovoltaic tiles (100) are clamped together by the first clamping component (4) and the second clamping component (5).

5. The photovoltaic tile installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a waterproof strip (6), which is detachably arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic tile (100) and located on the outside of the long side hanging groove (22), and the waterproof strip (6) is in contact with the top of the next row of photovoltaic tiles (100).

6. The photovoltaic tile installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises water-adjusting strips (7), a plurality of water-adjusting strips (7) are arranged in parallel and at intervals at the bottom of the tile-hanging strips (1), and the water-adjusting strips (7) are arranged perpendicular to the tile-hanging strips (1).

7. The photovoltaic tile installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The long side hanging groove (22) is detachably connected to the long side mounting seat via bolts.

8. The photovoltaic tile installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second connecting member (3) is bonded to the bottom of the photovoltaic tile (100) by means of silicone structural adhesive.

9. The photovoltaic tile installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first clamping component (4) and the second clamping component (5) are both bonded to the photovoltaic tile (100) by means of silicone structural adhesive.

10. A method for installing a photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Laying tile hanging strips (1), wherein a plurality of the tile hanging strips (1) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart and arranged in ascending order in the height direction; Installing first connecting members (2), wherein a plurality of the first connecting members (2) are detachably arranged at intervals on each tile hanging strip (1), and each photovoltaic tile (100) is connected to at least two first connecting members (2); Installing a second connecting member (3), wherein a plurality of the second connecting members (3) are arranged on one side of the bottom of the photovoltaic tile (100), and at least two second connecting members (3) are arranged on the bottom of each photovoltaic tile (100); Installing a first clamping component (4) and a second clamping component (5), wherein the first clamping component (4) and the second clamping component (5) are respectively installed on both sides of the short side of each rectangular photovoltaic tile (100); The photovoltaic tile (100) is installed, one end of a second connecting piece (3) is arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic tile (100) and is clipped to the first connecting piece (2), and the other end of the photovoltaic tile (100) is detachably connected to the long side mounting base (21) of the first connecting piece (2), and the process is repeated from top to bottom, and the photovoltaic tiles (100) adjacent to each other on the left and right are connected via the first clipping piece (4) and the second clipping piece (5), and the process is repeated from left to right.

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