Breeding method of nude tree

Abstract

The invention discloses a nude tree breeding method which comprises the following steps: soaking nude tree seeds in water for 1-2 hours, performing pneumatic drying to the original weight, and repeating for 3-5 times to obtain pretreated nude tree seeds; putting the pretreated nummulina velutipes seeds into a seed soaking solution for seed soaking treatment; a layer of sandy soil is laid in a seedling raising tray, the naked fruit tree seeds subjected to seed soaking are placed on the surface of the sandy soil and covered with a layer of sandy soil, then the seedling raising tray is placed in an artificial climate box to be cultured, and the water content in the sandy soil during culture is 20%-25%; when the seedlings of the nude tree grow to have 2-4 leaves, the seedlings are transplanted and planted into a sandy soil matrix, and watering is carried out regularly; according to the breeding method, through treatment of the nude tree seeds, the germination rate and the transplanting survival rate of the nude tree seeds can be remarkably increased, and a technical basis is provided for mass breeding of nude trees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant breeding, and in particular to a breeding method of Gymnocarpus ovata. Background Art

[0002] Gymnocarpos przewalskii Maxim. is a subshrub of the genus Gymnocarpos in the family Caryophyllaceae. The bark of the Gymnocarpos przewalskii Maxim. is dark grey, the young branches are brown-red, and the nodes are swollen; the leaves are awl-shaped, with a short tip at the tip, and are nearly sessile; the cymes are axillary, and the bracts are broadly elliptical; the achenes are enclosed in the persistent calyx; the seeds are brown and oblong; the flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is July-August.

[0003] Gymnocarpus grows in dry riverbeds, Gobi deserts, and gravel slopes in desert areas. Gymnocarpus is a super-xerophyte that loves light, is drought-tolerant, barren-tolerant, cold-resistant, and wind-resistant. Gymnocarpus contains relatively rich nutrients and is a good feed for animals such as camels and sheep. Gymnocarpus has the function of conserving water and soil and can be used to fix sand. Gymnocarpus has important scientific value for studying the development of deserts, climate change, and the origin of xerophytic flora. However, during the flowering and fruiting season, its distribution area becomes a cool-season pasture for grazing and harvesting, causing its natural regeneration capacity and population size to continue to decline.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for Gymnocarpus ovata, which can significantly improve the germination rate and transplant survival rate of Gymnocarpus ovata seeds by processing Gymnocarpus ovata seeds, thereby providing a technical basis for the large-scale breeding of Gymnocarpus ovata.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted:

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp., the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water for 1 to 2 hours, and then air-drying them to their original weight, repeating this process 3 to 5 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0009] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking treatment, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% to 0.3% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% to 0.8% magnesium chloride, 0.6% to 8% potassium nitrate, 0.1% to 0.2% naphthylacetic acid, 0.1% to 0.2% glutamic acid, and 0.2% to 0.3% serine;

[0010] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked Gymnocarpus edulis seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 20% to 25%;

[0011] (d) When the naked fruit tree seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them regularly.

[0012] Preferably, in step (a), the temperature of water is 10-15°C.

[0013] Preferably, in step (b), the soaking temperature is 20 to 30° C. and the time is 6 to 10 hours.

[0014] Preferably, in step (c), the thickness of the covering layer of sand is 1 to 3 mm.

[0015] Preferably, in step (c), the cycle temperature in the artificial climate box is 25°C, 5h, 35°C, 2h, 25°C, 5h, 10°C, 10h.

[0016] Preferably, in step (c), the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 20% to 30%.

[0017] Preferably, in step (d), regular watering is watering once every 1 to 3 days for 10 to 15 days.

[0018] Preferably, the step (d) further comprises shading the transplanted Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings during the daytime for the first 2 days after transplanting.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0020] In the breeding method of the present invention, by repeatedly soaking and drying the seeds, the nutrients inside the seeds can be activated, which is beneficial to promoting seed germination. At the same time, soaking the seeds in a specific soaking solution can provide nutrients for the plants and promote seed germination, enhance seedling vigor, and then through seedbed and parameter control, the germination rate and resistance of the seeds to the environment are improved, which is beneficial to survival after transplantation. It can be seen that the breeding method of the present invention can significantly improve the germination rate and transplant survival rate of Gymnocarpus xylocarpus seeds, providing a technical basis for the large-scale breeding of Gymnocarpus xylocarpus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.

[0023] This embodiment is a method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp., and the method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0024] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water for 1 to 2 hours, and then air-drying them to their original weight, repeating this process 3 to 5 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0025] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking treatment, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% to 0.3% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% to 0.8% magnesium chloride, 0.6% to 8% potassium nitrate, 0.1% to 0.2% naphthylacetic acid, 0.1% to 0.2% glutamic acid, and 0.2% to 0.3% serine;

[0026] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked Gymnocarpus edulis seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 20% to 25%;

[0027] (d) When the naked fruit tree seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them regularly.

[0028] In the breeding method of the present invention, by repeatedly soaking and drying the seeds, the nutrients inside the seeds can be activated, which is beneficial to promoting seed germination. At the same time, soaking the seeds in a specific soaking solution can provide nutrients for the plants and promote seed germination, enhance seedling vigor, and then through seedbed and parameter control, the germination rate and resistance of the seeds to the environment are improved, which is beneficial to survival after transplantation. It can be seen that the breeding method of the present invention can significantly improve the germination rate and transplant survival rate of Gymnocarpus xylocarpus seeds, providing a technical basis for the large-scale breeding of Gymnocarpus xylocarpus.

[0029] In one embodiment, in step (a), the temperature of the water is 10-15° C. By controlling the water temperature, it is possible to avoid irreversible changes in the seeds during the soaking process, which would affect the subsequent germination of the seeds.

[0030] In one embodiment, in step (b), the soaking temperature is 20-30°C for 6-10 hours. The present invention can control the soaking parameters so that the seeds can absorb active substances in the soaking solution after swelling, thereby promoting the growth and development of the seeds.

[0031] In one embodiment, in step (c), the thickness of the covering layer of sand is 1 to 3 mm. This thickness can better maintain the environment for seed growth and development, while maintaining a certain amount of oxygen in the sand, which is beneficial to the growth and development of the seeds.

[0032] In one embodiment, in step (c), the cycle temperature in the artificial climate box is 25°C, 5h, 35°C, 2h, 25°C, 5h, 10°C, 10h. By limiting the temperature in the climate box, the seedlings can be better adapted to a certain environment and the survival rate of subsequent transplantation can be improved.

[0033] In one embodiment, in step (c), the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 20% to 30%.

[0034] In one embodiment, in step (d), the regular watering is watering once every 1 to 3 days for 10 to 15 days.

[0035] In one embodiment, the step (d) further comprises shading the transplanted Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings during the daytime for the first 2 days after transplanting.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment is a method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp., and the method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0039] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water at 10-12° C. for 2 h, and then air-drying to the original weight, repeating this process three times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0040] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% magnesium chloride, 0.6% potassium nitrate, 0.1% naphthylacetic acid, 0.2% glutamic acid and 0.2% serine; the soaking temperature is 20° C. and the soaking time is 10 h;

[0041] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked naked fruit tree seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 1 mm sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate box for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 25%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate box is 25° C., 5 h, 35° C., 2 h, 25° C., 5 h, 10° C., 10 h; and the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 20%;

[0042] (d) When the Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, they are transplanted into sandy soil and watered every two days for 15 days. During the first two days after transplanting, the transplanted Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings are shaded during the day.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment is a method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp., and the method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0045] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water at 13-15° C. for 1 hour, and then air-drying to the original weight, repeating 5 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0046] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.3% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.8% magnesium chloride, 8% potassium nitrate, 0.2% naphthylacetic acid, 0.1% glutamic acid and 0.3% serine; the soaking temperature is 30° C. and the soaking time is 6 hours;

[0047] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked naked fruit tree seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 3 mm sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate box for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 20%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate box is 25° C., 5 h, 35° C., 2 h, 25° C., 5 h, 10° C., 10 h; and the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 30%;

[0048] (d) When the seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them every two days for 10 days. During the first two days after transplanting, provide shade during the day for the transplanted seedlings.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] This embodiment is a method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp., and the method for breeding Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0051] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water at 12-14° C. for 2 h, and then air-drying to the original weight, repeating this process 4 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0052] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6% magnesium chloride, 0.7% potassium nitrate, 0.1% naphthylacetic acid, 0.2% glutamic acid and 0.25% serine; the soaking temperature is 25° C. and the soaking time is 8 hours;

[0053] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked naked fruit tree seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 2 mm sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate box for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 22%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate box is 25° C., 5 h, 35° C., 2 h, 25° C., 5 h, 10° C., 10 h; and the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 25%;

[0054] (d) When the seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them every two days for 12 days. During the first two days after transplanting, provide shade during the day for the transplanted seedlings.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] This comparative example is a breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp., and the breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0057] (a) placing Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6% magnesium chloride, 0.7% potassium nitrate, 0.1% naphthylacetic acid, 0.2% glutamic acid and 0.25% serine; the soaking temperature is 25° C. and the soaking time is 8 hours;

[0058] (b) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked naked fruit tree seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 2 mm sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate box for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 22%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate box is 25° C., 5 h, 35° C., 2 h, 25° C., 5 h, 10° C., 10 h; and the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 25%;

[0059] (c) When the Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, they are transplanted into sandy soil and watered every 2 days for 12 days. During the first 2 days after transplanting, the transplanted Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings are shaded during the day.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] This comparative example is a breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp., and the breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0062] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water at 12-14° C. for 2 h, and then air-drying to the original weight, repeating this process 4 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0063] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6% magnesium chloride, 0.7% potassium nitrate, 0.1% naphthylacetic acid, 0.2% glutamic acid and 0.25% serine; the soaking temperature is 25° C. and the soaking time is 8 hours;

[0064] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked Gymnocarpus edulis seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 2 mm of sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 22%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate chamber is 25° C.; and the air humidity in the artificial climate chamber is 25%;

[0065] (d) When the seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them every two days for 12 days. During the first two days after transplanting, provide shade during the day for the transplanted seedlings.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] This comparative example is a breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp., and the breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0068] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water at 12-14° C. for 2 h, and then air-drying to the original weight, repeating this process 4 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0069] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6% magnesium chloride, 0.9% potassium nitrate, 0.1% naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.2% glutamic acid and 0.25% serine; the soaking temperature is 25° C. and the soaking time is 8 hours;

[0070] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked naked fruit tree seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 2 mm sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate box for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 22%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate box is 25° C., 5 h, 35° C., 2 h, 25° C., 5 h, 10° C., 10 h; and the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 25%;

[0071] (d) When the seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them every two days for 12 days. During the first two days after transplanting, provide shade during the day for the transplanted seedlings.

[0072] Comparative Example 4

[0073] This comparative example is a breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp., and the breeding method of Gymnocarpus spp. comprises the following steps:

[0074] (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water at 12-14° C. for 2 h, and then air-drying to the original weight, repeating this process 4 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds;

[0075] (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.6% magnesium chloride, 0.7% potassium nitrate, 0.1% naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.45% serine; the soaking temperature is 25° C. and the soaking time is 8 hours;

[0076] (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked naked fruit tree seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of 2 mm sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate box for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 22%; the circulating temperature in the artificial climate box is 25° C., 5 h, 35° C., 2 h, 25° C., 5 h, 10° C., 10 h; and the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 25%;

[0077] (d) When the seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them every two days for 12 days. During the first two days after transplanting, provide shade during the day for the transplanted seedlings.

[0078] Experimental example

[0079] The same batch of seeds was used for the test, and the seeds of Gymnocarpus chinensis were divided into 5 groups, each group had 100 seeds, and then the breeding methods of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were used to breed the seeds of each group, with 3 replicates;

[0080] The germination rate of each group of seeds and the survival rate one month after transplanting were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0081] Table 1

[0082] Group Germination rate Survival rate Example 3 97％ 91％ Comparative Example 1 78％ 90％ Comparative Example 2 98％ 75％ Comparative Example 3 82％ 89％ Comparative Example 4 92％ 82％

[0083] From Table 1, we can see that:

[0084] Compared with the comparative example, the breeding method of the embodiment of the present application can better improve the germination rate of Gymnocarpus orientalis seeds and the survival rate of transplantation, and can better promote seed germination and seedling growth.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding gymnocarpus scabra, characterized in that: The breeding method of the gymnocarp comprises the following steps: (a) soaking the Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in water for 1 to 2 hours, and then air-drying them to their original weight, repeating this process 3 to 5 times to obtain pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds; (b) placing the pretreated Gymnocarpus oleifera seeds in a soaking solution for soaking treatment, wherein the soaking solution includes the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% to 0.3% disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% to 0.8% magnesium chloride, 0.6% to 8% potassium nitrate, 0.1% to 0.2% naphthylacetic acid, 0.1% to 0.2% glutamic acid, and 0.2% to 0.3% serine; (c) laying a layer of sand in a seedling tray, placing the soaked Gymnocarpus edulis seeds on the surface of the sand and covering them with a layer of sand, and then placing the seedling tray in an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, wherein the water content of the sand during the cultivation period is 20% to 25%; (d) When the naked fruit tree seedlings grow to 2 to 4 leaves, transplant them into sandy soil and water them regularly.

2. The method for breeding gymnocarpus scabra according to claim 1, wherein: In the step (a), the temperature of water is 10-15°C.

3. The method for breeding gymnospermum according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (b), the soaking temperature is 20 to 30° C. and the soaking time is 6 to 10 hours.

4. The method for breeding gymnocarpus scabra according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (c), the thickness of the covering layer of sand is 1 to 3 mm.

5. The method for breeding gymnocarpus serrata according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (c), the cycle temperature in the artificial climate box is 25°C, 5h, 35°C, 2h, 25°C, 5h, 10°C, 10h.

6. The method for breeding gymnocarpus scabra according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (c), the air humidity in the artificial climate incubator is 20% to 30%.

7. The method for breeding gymnocarpus scabra according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (d), the regular watering is watering once every 1 to 3 days for 10 to 15 days.

8. The method for breeding gymnocarpus spp. according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (d) also includes shading the transplanted Gymnocarpus oleifera seedlings during the day for the first 2 days after transplanting.