Arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel and preparation method of arc welding electrode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding materials, in particular to an electric arc welding rod for ultralow-temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that iron powder, manganese powder, an alloy additive, a stabilizer, a deoxidizing agent and rare earth elements are weighed in proportion; uniformly mixing the weighed components with one another to obtain mixtures; the evenly mixed powder is made into particles through a pelletizer, and then the particles are pressed into the shape of a welding rod through a mold; the pressed welding rod is subjected to heat treatment; the surface of a pressed welding rod is coated with a protective layer, iron powder serves as a main carrier, manganese powder is used for improving the hardness and abrasion resistance of a material, alloy additives comprise but not limited to nickel, chromium, molybdenum, niobium and other elements and are used for enhancing low-temperature toughness, crack resistance and corrosion resistance, and stabilizers and deoxidants such as silicon and aluminum and the like are used for stabilizing the surface of the welding rod. The rare earth elements such as lanthanum and cerium are used for reducing air holes and inclusions in the welding process and improving the welding seam quality, and the mechanical property of the welding seam at the ultralow temperature can be further optimized as a special low-temperature toughness reinforcing agent and rare earth elements such as lanthanum and cerium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding materials, and in particular to an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High manganese steel is widely used in heavy industries such as mining, metallurgy, and building materials due to its excellent wear resistance and toughness.

[0003] However, when welding high manganese steel in extremely low temperature environments, traditional welding materials are often unable to meet the requirements. They are prone to welding defects due to large differences in thermal expansion and contraction and drastic changes in the structure of the welding heat affected zone, thus affecting the reliability and service life of the structural parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that traditional welding materials are often difficult to meet the requirements, are prone to welding defects due to large differences in thermal expansion and contraction, and drastic changes in the structure of the welding heat affected zone, thereby affecting the reliability and service life of the structural parts.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Weigh iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion;

[0007] Mix the weighed components evenly;

[0008] The uniformly mixed powder is made into granules by a granulator, and then pressed into the shape of welding rods by a mold;

[0009] Heat treatment of the pressed welding rod;

[0010] The surface of the pressed electrode is coated with a coating to produce an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel.

[0011] Among them, in “weighing iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion”, the method further includes:

[0012] Each raw material was pretreated before weighing.

[0013] Among them, in “weighing iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion”, the method further includes:

[0014] The mass fractions of iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additive, stabilizer, deoxidizer and rare earth element are respectively: iron powder 20%-50%; manganese powder 10%-30%; alloy additive 3%-15%; stabilizer 20%-40%; deoxidizer 0.5%-1%; rare earth element 0.1%-1%.

[0015] Among them, in “the uniformly mixed powder is formed into granules by a granulator, and then pressed into the shape of a welding rod by a mold”, the method also includes:

[0016] The uniformly mixed powder is granulated by a granulator to form particles of a certain size;

[0017] Screen the granulated particles to remove oversized or undersized particles;

[0018] The sieved particles are placed in a special mold and pressed using a hydraulic press to form the shape of a welding rod.

[0019] Among them, in “heat treating the pressed welding rod”, the method further includes:

[0020] Put the pressed welding rod into the preheating furnace, heat it to the predetermined temperature, and keep it for a period of time;

[0021] After preheating, the welding rod is placed in a sintering furnace for sintering, and an inert gas is selected for protection during the sintering process;

[0022] The sintered welding rod is cooled.

[0023] Among them, in “wrapping a coating on the surface of a pressed electrode to prepare an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel”, the method also includes:

[0024] Mix the ingredients of the medicine skin evenly according to the proportion;

[0025] Add the mixed coating powder into an appropriate amount of water or organic solvent, stir evenly to form a coating slurry with a certain viscosity and fluidity;

[0026] The coating slurry is evenly coated on the surface of the welding rod through the coating equipment;

[0027] Place the coated welding rod in a drying oven or curing oven for drying and curing.

[0028] Among them, in “mixing the coating components uniformly in proportion”, the method further includes:

[0029] The coating composition includes the following components in mass fraction: marble 30%-40%; fluorite 15%-25%; quartz sand 3%-7%; zircon sand 3%-6%; rutile 4%-8%; ferrotitanium 5%-12%; low carbon ferromanganese 4%-8%; ferrosilicon 3%-7%; rare earth ferrosilicon 1%-2%; synthetic mica 2%-4%; soda ash 0.5%-2%.

[0030] The invention also comprises an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel, which is made by adopting the preparation method of the arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel.

[0031] The invention discloses an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof. The invention comprises the following steps: weighing iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion; mixing the weighed components uniformly; forming granules from the uniformly mixed powder by a granulator, and then pressing the granules into a welding rod shape by a mold; heat treating the pressed welding rod; coating a protective layer on the surface of the pressed welding rod, wherein the iron powder is used as the main carrier, the manganese powder is used to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the material, the alloy additives include but are not limited to elements such as nickel, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, etc., which are used to enhance low temperature toughness, crack resistance and corrosion resistance, the stabilizers and deoxidizers: such as silicon and aluminum, etc., are used to reduce pores and inclusions in the welding process and improve the quality of the weld. As special low temperature toughness enhancers, rare earth elements, such as lanthanum and cerium, can further optimize the mechanical properties of the weld at ultra-low temperatures. In summary, the preparation method of the arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel provided by the invention and the welding rod obtained thereof show significant beneficial effects in terms of welding adaptability, welding performance, coating protection effect, application range and production efficiency. These beneficial effects not only meet the needs of high manganese steel welding in extreme low temperature environments, but also provide powerful technical support for the development and progress of related industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a specific flow chart of step S103 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a specific flow chart of step S104 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a specific flow chart of step S104 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S101: Weigh iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion.

[0040] Specifically, before weighing each raw material, each raw material is pretreated. Usually, iron powder needs to be dried to remove moisture. For iron powder containing oxide scale, it is also necessary to perform acid or alkali washing to remove the oxide scale; manganese powder also needs to be dried to remove moisture. For manganese powder containing manganese oxide, it is necessary to remove manganese oxide by high-temperature reduction or chemical methods; alloy additives usually need to be dried to remove moisture. For some easily oxidized alloy elements, such as nickel and chromium, inert gas protection or vacuum treatment is required to prevent oxidation during the preparation process; raw materials such as silicon and aluminum also need to be dried to remove moisture. Drying treatment is required to remove moisture. For raw materials containing oxides, the oxides need to be removed by chemical methods or high-temperature treatment; pretreatment removes oxides and impurities on the surface of the raw materials to improve the purity and activity of the raw materials, which is beneficial to metallurgical bonding during welding. At the same time, after pretreatment of the raw materials, the raw materials need to be tested to ensure that impurities have been effectively removed, and then each raw material is weighed according to the following mass fraction: iron powder 20%-50%; manganese powder 10%-30%; alloy additives 3%-15%; stabilizer 20%-40%; deoxidizer 0.5%-1%; rare earth elements 0.1%-1%.

[0041] S102: Mix the weighed components evenly.

[0042] Specifically, a mixing device (such as a ball mill, a V-type mixer, etc.) is used to mix the weighed components until a uniformly distributed mixture is obtained. The purpose of this step is to ensure that the raw materials are evenly distributed in the welding rod, avoid local component segregation, and improve the uniformity and consistency of the weld.

[0043] S103: The uniformly mixed powder is formed into granules by a granulator, and then pressed into a welding rod shape by a mold.

[0044] Specifically, the uniformly mixed powder is granulated by a granulator to form particles of a certain size; the granulated particles are screened to remove oversized or undersized particles; the screened particles are placed in a special mold and pressed by a hydraulic press to form a welding rod shape; removing oversized or undersized particles is beneficial to the uniformity and density of the welding rod in the subsequent pressing process, ensuring the uniformity of the welding rod particles, improving the welding quality and efficiency, increasing the strength and toughness of the welding rod, and improving the mechanical properties of the weld.

[0045] S104: heat treating the pressed welding rod.

[0046] Specifically, the pressed welding rod is placed in a preheating furnace, heated to a predetermined temperature, and maintained for a period of time; after preheating, the welding rod is placed in a sintering furnace for sintering, and an inert gas is selected for protection during the sintering process; the sintered welding rod is cooled; the pressed welding rod is placed in a vacuum or inert gas protection environment for heat treatment; the heat treatment process includes three steps: preheating, sintering and cooling. The preheating is to eliminate internal stress and prepare for the sintering process; sintering is to allow metallurgical bonding between powder particles at high temperature to form a dense weld structure. Inert gas is used for protection during the sintering process to prevent the welding rod from oxidation or deterioration at high temperature; cooling is to quickly solidify the weld to avoid the formation of unfavorable microstructures. The cooling method can be natural cooling or forced cooling (such as water cooling, air cooling, etc.).

[0047] S105: The surface of the pressed electrode is coated with a coating to produce an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel.

[0048] Specifically, the coating composition includes the following components by mass fraction: marble 30%-40%; fluorite 15%-25%; quartz sand 3%-7%; zircon sand 3%-6%; rutile 4%-8%; ferrotitanium 5%-12%; low carbon ferromanganese 4%-8%; ferrosilicon 3%-7%; rare earth ferrosilicon 1%-2%; synthetic mica 2%-4%; soda ash 0.5%-2%, and the coating components are mixed evenly according to the proportion; the evenly mixed coating powder is added into an appropriate amount of water or organic solvent, and stirred. The coating slurry is evenly coated on the surface of the welding rod through the coating equipment; the coated welding rod is placed in a drying oven or a curing furnace for drying and curing; the main function of the coating layer is to provide protection during welding to prevent the weld from being corroded by harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen in the air. At the same time, the coating layer can also stabilize the arc, adjust the molten pool temperature, remove impurities in the weld, etc., thereby improving the welding quality and the mechanical properties of the weld.

[0049] The invention discloses an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof. In the preparation process of the electrode, the invention adopts strict raw material pretreatment and mixing processes to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the electrode components, and further improves the strength and toughness of the electrode through steps such as granulation, screening and pressing, thereby providing a solid foundation for obtaining high-quality welds. In addition, the introduction of the heat treatment process not only eliminates the stress inside the electrode, but also promotes the metallurgical bonding between powder particles, thereby forming a dense weld structure. The invention also conducts in-depth optimization in the design of the coating components. The coating of the invention not only contains traditional components such as fluorite and dolomite, but also adds ilmenite, zircon sand, rutile, ferrotitanium, low-carbon ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, rare earth ferrosilicon and synthetic mica, which not only improves the stability of the coating and the combustion performance of the arc, but also enhances the desulfurization ability and hydrogen resistance of the weld metal, thereby further reducing the thermal crack sensitivity of the weld. In summary, the arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel and the preparation method thereof of the present invention have achieved remarkable innovative results in alloy composition design, electrode preparation process and coating composition optimization. These innovations not only improve the mechanical properties and ultra-low temperature toughness of the weld metal, but also reduce production costs and welding difficulty, providing a new solution for high manganese steel welding in extreme low temperature environments.

[0050] What is disclosed above is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weigh iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion; Mix the weighed components evenly; The uniformly mixed powder is made into granules by a granulator, and then pressed into the shape of welding rods by a mold; Heat treatment of the pressed welding rod; The surface of the pressed electrode is coated with a coating to produce an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel.

2. The method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In “weighing iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion”, the method further comprises: Each raw material was pretreated before weighing.

3. The method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 2, characterized in that: In “weighing iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additives, stabilizers, deoxidizers and rare earth elements in proportion”, the method further comprises: The mass fractions of iron powder, manganese powder, alloy additive, stabilizer, deoxidizer and rare earth element are respectively: iron powder 20%-50%; manganese powder 10%-30%; alloy additive 3%-15%; stabilizer 20%-40%; deoxidizer 0.5%-1%; rare earth element 0.1%-1%.

4. The method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In "the uniformly mixed powder is formed into granules by a granulator, and then pressed into a welding rod shape by a mold", the method further comprises: The uniformly mixed powder is granulated by a granulator to form particles of a certain size; Screen the granulated particles to remove oversized or undersized particles; The sieved particles are placed in a special mold and pressed using a hydraulic press to form the shape of a welding rod.

5. The method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In "heat treating the pressed welding rod", the method further comprises: Put the pressed welding rod into the preheating furnace, heat it to the predetermined temperature, and keep it for a period of time; After preheating, the welding rod is placed in a sintering furnace for sintering, and an inert gas is selected for protection during the sintering process; The sintered welding rod is cooled.

6. The method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In "wrapping a coating on the surface of a pressed electrode to obtain an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel", the method further includes: Mix the ingredients of the medicine skin evenly according to the proportion; Add the mixed coating powder into an appropriate amount of water or organic solvent, stir evenly to form a coating slurry with a certain viscosity and fluidity; The coating slurry is evenly coated on the surface of the welding rod through the coating equipment; Place the coated welding rod in a drying oven or curing oven for drying and curing.

7. The method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In "mixing the coating components uniformly in proportion", the method further comprises: The coating composition includes the following components in mass fraction: marble 30%-40%; fluorite 15%-25%; quartz sand 3%-7%; zircon sand 3%-6%; rutile 4%-8%; ferrotitanium 5%-12%; low carbon ferromanganese 4%-8%; ferrosilicon 3%-7%; rare earth ferrosilicon 1%-2%; synthetic mica 2%-4%; soda ash 0.5%-2%.

8. An arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel, characterized in that: The ultra-low temperature high manganese steel is manufactured by the method for preparing an arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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