Bidirectional rotating and swinging head of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool swinging heads, in particular to a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool bidirectional rotating swinging head which comprises a C-axis swinging head and an A-axis swinging head, a C-axis driving system is installed on the C-axis swinging head, a hollow connecting block is arranged on the C-axis swinging head, first shells are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the hollow connecting block respectively, and a second shell is arranged on the A-axis swinging head. The outer wall of the second shell slides with the inner wall of the first shell, a connecting shaft is rotationally connected to the interior of the first shell, a first gear is connected to the peripheral wall of one end of the connecting shaft in a sleeving mode, a locking assembly is clamped to the upper end of the first gear, a push block is arranged on the locking assembly, and a plurality of sliding rods are slidably connected to the push block. The first gear can be conveniently rotated to different positions and angles to be tightly clamped, error accumulation after the connecting shaft stops rotating is reduced, the product quality is ensured, the stability of the A-shaft swing head is enhanced, the A-shaft swing head is not prone to vibration or deviation, and the machining effect is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of swing heads for numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to bidirectional swing heads for five-axis linkage numerically controlled machine tools. Background Art

[0002] In the modern manufacturing industry, five-axis CNC machine tools have become the core equipment in the field of precision machining due to their high precision, high efficiency and multifunctionality. Through the linkage of five axes, five-axis CNC machine tools can achieve precise machining of complex curved surfaces and spatial structures, improving machining efficiency and product quality. As an important component of five-axis machine tools, the design and performance of the bidirectional swivel head directly affect the overall machining capacity and precision of the machine tool. After searching, the Chinese patent with announcement number CN115476178B provides a double-swing head type five-axis CNC machine tool, which drives the one-way rotating shaft to rotate counterclockwise by rotating the rotating rod on the left side counterclockwise, thereby driving the winding strip on the left side to reel in. The winding strip uses the side rod to drive the front side slide and the other side rod to move synchronously, so that when the front side slide approaches the platform, the front side center rod drives the front side pressure plate to move synchronously. When the front side pressure plate and the other pressure plate are in contact with each other, the outer end of the front side fixing piece moves to the bottom of the placement frame to facilitate the processing head to add, thereby realizing comprehensive processing of the two fixing pieces and improving the processing efficiency of the CNC machine tool; However, it was found during use that in the high-speed, high-precision machining process, the accumulation of tiny errors when the oscillating head stops rotating can easily lead to reduced machining accuracy, thereby affecting the quality of the product. When in use, the oscillating head needs to withstand various forces and moments from the workpiece and the tool, and is prone to vibration or offset, which affects the machining accuracy and surface quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a bidirectional swing head for a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool, which facilitates the rotation of the first gear to different positions and angles for tight engagement, reduces error accumulation after the connecting shaft stops rotating, improves processing effects, ensures product quality, enhances the stability of the A-axis swing head, and makes the A-axis swing head less prone to vibration or offset, further improving processing effects.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool bidirectional swing head, comprising a C-axis swing head and an A-axis swing head, the C-axis swing head is equipped with a C-axis drive system, a hollow connecting block is provided on the C-axis swing head, a first shell is fixedly provided at both ends of the hollow connecting block, a second shell is provided on the A-axis swing head, the outer walls of the second shell slide with the inner walls of the first shell respectively, a connecting shaft is rotatably connected inside the first shell, a first gear is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of one end of the connecting shaft, a locking assembly is clamped on the upper end of the first gear, a push block is provided on the locking assembly, a plurality of sliding rods are slidably connected to the push block, a round block is fixed on the top surface of the sliding rod, a spring is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the lower end of the sliding rod, a plurality of movable blocks are fixed on the bottom surface of the pushing block, a plurality of latch teeth are fixed on the bottom surface of the movable block, the bottom surface of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable block, the latch teeth are clamped with the first gear, and the latch teeth on adjacent movable blocks are staggered.

[0005] Preferably, triangular blocks are fixed at both ends of the movable block, the outer wall of the triangular block and the outer walls at both ends of the push block are respectively slidably connected to the inner wall of the first shell, the top surface of the spring abuts against the bottom surface of the push block, the bottom surface of the spring abuts against the top surface of the movable block, a cylinder is installed on the top surface of the first shell through a mounting seat, the piston rod of the cylinder penetrates the first shell and extends to the interior, the outer peripheral wall of the piston rod of the cylinder is slidably connected to the first shell, and the bottom surface of the output shaft of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the top surface of the push block.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, the stable driving force provided by the cylinder and the elastic force of the spring enhance the overall stability of the locking assembly.

[0007] Preferably, a dual-axis motor is installed inside the hollow connecting block through a mounting seat, and the first rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor respectively, the outer end of the first rotating shaft passes through the first shell and extends to the interior, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second gear, and the outer peripheral wall of the end of the connecting shaft away from the first gear is sleeved with a third gear, and the second gear is meshingly connected to the third gear.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the third gear is meshed with a reduction gear, a rotating shaft is sleeved in the middle of the reduction gear, the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first shell, the rotating shaft passes through the second shell and extends to the inside, and the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second shell.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the output shafts of the dual-axis motor respectively drive the two first rotating shafts to drive the second gear to rotate, so that the second gear meshes and transmits to the third gear to rotate, so that the connecting shaft rotates to drive the first gear to rotate, and the third gear meshes and transmits to the reduction gear to rotate the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a partition plate is fixedly provided inside the first shell, and an oil chamber is separated inside the first shell by the partition plate. The second gear, the third gear and the reduction gear are respectively located inside the oil chamber. The upper side wall of the oil chamber is connected to an oil inlet pipe with an electric valve, and the lower end of the oil chamber is connected to an oil drain pipe with an electric valve. The oil inlet pipe and the oil drain pipe are respectively fixedly connected to the first shell, and a one-way pressure relief valve is installed on the top surface of the first shell, and the one-way pressure relief valve is connected to the oil chamber.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, a suitable volume of lubricating oil is delivered to the inside of the oil chamber through the oil inlet pipe, ensuring that the second gear, the third gear and the reduction gear work under good lubrication conditions.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a cooling component, which is provided with a liquid inlet pipe. The inner wall of the hollow connecting block is symmetrically installed with two metal heat-conducting blocks. The metal heat-conducting blocks are hollow in structure. The inner wall of the metal heat-conducting block is in contact with the outer wall of the dual-axis motor. One end of the liquid inlet pipe passes through the hollow connecting block and is connected to one of the metal heat-conducting blocks. The two metal heat-conducting blocks are connected by a connecting pipe.

[0013] With the above technical solution, when liquid enters the metal heat-conducting block through the liquid inlet pipe, the metal heat-conducting block absorbs part of the heat generated when the dual-axis motor is in use.

[0014] Preferably, one of the metal heat-conducting blocks is connected to a first heat-conducting pipe, the first heat-conducting pipe penetrates the first shell and extends to the interior, the other end of the first heat-conducting pipe is connected to a second heat-conducting pipe, the second heat-conducting pipe is circuitous, the second heat-conducting pipe is located inside the oil cavity, a third heat-conducting pipe is fixedly arranged on the second heat-conducting pipe, the third heat-conducting pipe penetrates the rotating shaft and extends to the interior of the second shell, the outer peripheral wall of the third heat-conducting pipe is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the third heat-conducting pipe is connected to a delivery pipe.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the first heat conducting pipe, the second heat conducting pipe and the third heat conducting pipe respectively exchange heat with the lubricating oil inside the oil chamber, thereby reducing the temperature of the lubricating oil.

[0016] Preferably, a driving motor is installed inside the second shell, a liquid distribution block is provided at the lower end of the second shell, a cutter is installed on the liquid distribution block, the output shaft of the driving motor is rotatably connected to the liquid distribution block, the output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially connected to the cutter, the bottom surface of the liquid distribution block is in a ring array structure with multiple water outlet holes, the upper end of the liquid distribution block is connected to multiple diversion pipes, a hollow distribution ring is installed at the lower end of the second shell, the upper ends of the multiple diversion pipes respectively penetrate the second shell and extend to the interior, the upper ends of the multiple diversion pipes are respectively connected to the hollow distribution rings, and the two delivery pipes are respectively connected to the hollow distribution rings.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, after heat exchange, the coolant enters the hollow distribution ring and the diversion pipe through the delivery pipe, and the cooling liquid is sprayed from the water outlet of the liquid distribution block to the working area of ​​the tool, thereby achieving effective cooling of the tool and the workpiece.

[0018] Preferably, a heat dissipation component is provided on the hollow connecting block, and the heat dissipation component includes a fan, and the fan is installed on the rear wall of the hollow connecting block through a mounting seat, the air inlet end of the fan is connected to an air inlet pipe, and the output end of the fan passes through the hollow connecting block and extends to the interior, and the hollow connecting block is connected to an air supply pipe, a spring tube is fixed in the middle of the air supply pipe, and the other end of the air supply pipe is connected to the interior of the second shell.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, it is ensured that excessive heat will not accumulate inside the hollow connecting block and the second shell, thereby reducing the operating temperature of the C-axis swing head and the A-axis swing head.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom surface of the second shell is connected to an air outlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow connecting block, the side wall of the air inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of slots, filter blocks are inserted into the slots, and a waterproof breathable membrane is installed on the rear wall of the filter block.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the air entering the machine tool is ensured to be dry and clean, preventing water vapor, cutting fluid and other liquids from damaging the machine tool.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The push block moves downward and the spring drives the movable block and the latching teeth to move downward until the spring is compressed, so that the latching teeth on one of the movable blocks engage with the first gear, and the slide bar slides along the push block, so that the bottom surfaces of the latching teeth of the remaining movable blocks abut against the outer wall of the first gear, which facilitates the rotation of the first gear to different positions and angles for tight engagement, reduces the error accumulation after the connecting shaft stops rotating, ensures the quality of the product, enhances the stability of the A-axis swing head, and makes it less likely to vibrate or deflect when it is subjected to various forces and torques from the workpiece and the tool, thereby further improving the processing effect.

[0023] 2. The output shaft of the cylinder moves downward to drive the push block to move, and then drives the movable block and the latch gear to move downward. Due to the elastic force of the spring, one of the movable blocks and the latch gear engages with the tooth groove of the first gear during the downward movement. Since the latch teeth on adjacent movable blocks are staggered, they can adapt to first gears at different angles to achieve tight engagement, reducing error accumulation after the connecting shaft stops rotating. At the same time, due to the stable driving force provided by the cylinder and the elastic force of the spring, the overall stability of the locking assembly is enhanced, reducing the vibration or offset of the A-axis swing head when it is subjected to various forces and torques from the workpiece and the tool.

[0024] 3. The lubricating oil of appropriate capacity is delivered to the oil chamber through the oil inlet pipe, which ensures that the second gear, the third gear and the reduction gear work under good lubrication conditions, reduces wear and heat, and extends the service life of the components; when it is necessary to replace the lubricating oil or clean the oil chamber, the oil drain pipe is opened through the electric valve, and the old oil or impurities are discharged from the oil drain pipe to the outside. The one-way pressure relief valve is used to automatically release the pressure when the pressure inside the oil chamber is too high, thereby protecting the oil chamber and related components from damage and preventing component damage or safety accidents caused by excessive pressure.

[0025] 4. The cutting fluid is transported to the inside of the liquid inlet pipe through an external device. When the cutting fluid enters the metal heat conductive block through the liquid inlet pipe, the metal heat conductive block absorbs part of the heat generated when the dual-axis motor is in use. The cooling liquid is transported to the second heat conductive pipe and the third heat conductive pipe through the first heat conductive pipe and enters the oil chamber. At this time, the first heat conductive pipe, the second heat conductive pipe and the third heat conductive pipe respectively exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the oil chamber, thereby reducing the temperature of the lubricating oil. In this process, the lubricating oil absorbs and takes away the heat generated during the operation of the gears, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the components and the slight deformation caused by high temperature, thereby improving the processing effect. After the heat exchange, the cooling fluid enters the hollow distribution ring and the shunt pipe through the delivery pipe. The cooling liquid is sprayed from the water outlet of the liquid distribution block to the working area of ​​the tool, thereby achieving effective cooling of the tool and the workpiece. The flowing cutting fluid not only improves the efficiency and effect of heat exchange, but also ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the entire cooling system, thereby extending the service life of the machine tool.

[0026] 5. The external fresh air is filtered and separated by the filter block and the waterproof breathable membrane through the fan, and then sent into the hollow connecting block. When the air flows inside the hollow connecting block, it takes away part of the heat generated by the dual-axis motor. The air enters the second shell through the air supply pipe and the spring tube, and further dissipates the heat of the drive motor and the tool working area. The heat-dissipated air is discharged to the outside through the air outlet pipe on the bottom of the second shell, ensuring that too much heat will not accumulate inside the hollow connecting block and the second shell, reducing the temperature of the C-axis swing head and the A-axis swing head during operation, and improving the stability and service life of the machine tool; the setting of the filter block and the waterproof breathable membrane ensures that the air entering the machine tool is dry and clean, and prevents water vapor and liquids such as cutting fluid from damaging the machine tool; the spring tube allows the air to enter the second shell more smoothly for heat dissipation, thereby improving the use effect of the second shell when it is rotated to different angles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a rear and upward stereoscopic view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the first shell structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the third gear structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a bottom-up stereoscopic diagram of the movable block structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the hollow connecting block structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling assembly structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation assembly of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the filter block structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. C-axis swing head; 2. A-axis swing head; 3. C-axis drive system; 4. Hollow connecting block; 5. First housing; 6. Second housing; 7. Connecting shaft; 8. First gear; 9. Locking assembly; 901. Push block; 902. Sliding rod; 903. Round block; 904. Spring; 905. Movable block; 906. Gear; 907. Triangular block; 908. Cylinder; 10. Dual-axis motor; 11. First rotating shaft; 12. Second gear; 13. Third gear; 14. Reduction gear; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Partition plate; 17. Oil chamber; 18. Oil inlet pipe; 19. Oil outlet pipe; 20. One-way pressure relief Valve; 21, cooling component; 2101, liquid inlet pipe; 2102, metal heat conductive block; 2103, connecting pipe; 2104, first heat conductive pipe; 2105, second heat conductive pipe; 2106, third heat conductive pipe; 2107, delivery pipe; 22, drive motor; 23, liquid distribution block; 24, tool; 25, water outlet hole; 26, diverter pipe; 27, hollow distribution ring; 28, heat dissipation component; 2801, fan; 2802, air inlet pipe; 2803, air supply pipe; 2804, spring pipe; 2805, air outlet pipe; 2806, slot; 2807, filter block; 2808, waterproof breathable membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present embodiment provides a bidirectional swivel head for a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool, including a C-axis swivel head 1 and an A-axis swivel head 2. The C-axis swivel head 1 is provided with a C-axis drive system 3. The C-axis swivel head 1 is provided with a hollow connection block 4. Both ends of the hollow connection block 4 are respectively fixed with a first shell 5. The A-axis swivel head 2 is provided with a second shell 6. The outer wall of the second shell 6 slides with the inner wall of the first shell 5 respectively. The first shell 5 is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft 7. A first gear 8 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of one end of the connecting shaft 7. The upper end of the first gear 8 is clamped with a The locking assembly 9 includes a push block 901, on which a plurality of slide rods 902 are slidably connected, a round block 903 is fixedly provided on the top surface of the slide rod 902, a spring 904 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the lower end of the slide rod 902, a plurality of movable blocks 905 are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the push block 901, a plurality of latch teeth 906 are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the movable block 905, the bottom surface of the slide rod 902 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable block 905, the latch teeth 906 are latched in cooperation with the first gear 8, and the latch teeth 906 on adjacent movable blocks 905 are staggered.

[0031] Triangular blocks 907 are fixed at both ends of the movable block 905, and the outer wall of the triangular block 907 and the outer walls at both ends of the push block 901 are respectively slidably connected to the inner wall of the first shell 5, the top surface of the spring 904 abuts against the bottom surface of the push block 901, and the bottom surface of the spring 904 abuts against the top surface of the movable block 905. A cylinder 908 is installed on the top surface of the first shell 5 through a mounting seat, and the piston rod of the cylinder 908 extends through the first shell 5 to the inside, and the outer peripheral wall of the piston rod of the cylinder 908 is slidably connected to the first shell 5, and the bottom surface of the output shaft of the cylinder 908 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the push block 901; the stable driving force provided by the cylinder 908 and the elastic force of the spring 904 enhance the overall stability of the locking assembly 9.

[0032] When in use, after adjusting the C-axis swing head 1 and the A-axis swing head 2 to rotate to a suitable use angle along the C-axis through the C-axis drive system 3, the A-axis swing head 2 is driven to rotate to a suitable angle through the C-axis swing head 1, and the push block 901 moves downward and drives the movable block 905 and the latching tooth 906 to move downward through the spring 904 until the spring 904 is compressed, so that the latching tooth 906 on one of the movable blocks 905 is engaged with the first gear 8; The slide bar 902 slides along the push block 901, so that the bottom surface of the latching teeth 906 of the remaining movable blocks 905 abuts against the outer wall of the first gear 8, which facilitates the tight latching of the first gear 8 to rotate to different positions and angles, reduces the error accumulation after the connecting shaft 7 stops rotating, improves the processing effect, ensures the quality of the product, and enhances the stability of the A-axis swing head 2, so that when it is subjected to various forces and torques from the workpiece and the tool, the A-axis swing head 2 is not prone to vibration or deviation, further improving the processing effect; When it is necessary to lock the A-axis swing head 2, the output shaft of the cylinder 908 moves downward to drive the push block 901 to move, and then drives the movable block 905 and the latching tooth 906 to move downward. Due to the elastic force of the spring 904, one of the movable blocks 905 and the latching tooth 906 engages with the tooth groove of the first gear 8 during the downward movement. Since the latching teeth 906 on the adjacent movable blocks 905 are staggered, they can adapt to the first gears 8 at different angles to achieve tight engagement, reducing the error accumulation after the connecting shaft 7 stops rotating. At the same time, due to the stable driving force provided by the cylinder 908 and the elastic force of the spring 904, the overall stability of the locking assembly 9 is enhanced, and the vibration or deviation phenomenon of the A-axis swing head 2 when subjected to various forces and torques from the workpiece and the tool is reduced. When the lock needs to be released, the cylinder 908 is used to retract its piston rod upward, and the piston rod of the cylinder 908 drives the push block 901 to move upward, causing the slide bar 902 to slide along the push block 901, and the bottom surface of the round block 903 is in friction contact with the top surface of the push block 901, thereby driving the movable block 905 and the latch tooth 906 to move upward, so that the latch tooth 906 engaged with the first gear 8 is disengaged. At this time, the A-axis swing head 2 is re-rotated and adjusted through the C-axis swing head 1, which is more flexible and convenient to use. Embodiment 2

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that a dual-axis motor 10 is installed inside the hollow connecting block 4 through a mounting seat, and the output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor 10 are coaxially connected with a first rotating shaft 11, and the outer end of the first rotating shaft 11 passes through the first housing 5 and extends to the inside, and the first rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected with a second gear 12, and the outer peripheral wall of the end of the connecting shaft 7 away from the first gear 8 is sleeved with a third gear 13, the second gear 12 is meshedly connected with the third gear 13, and the lower end of the third gear 13 is meshedly connected with A reduction gear 14, a rotating shaft 15 is sleeved in the middle of the reduction gear 14, the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the first shell 5, the rotating shaft 15 extends through the second shell 6 to the inside, and the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the second shell 6; the output shaft of the dual-axis motor 10 drives the two first rotating shafts 11 to drive the second gear 12 to rotate, so that the second gear 12 is meshed and transmitted to the third gear 13 to rotate, so that the connecting shaft 7 rotates to drive the first gear 8 to rotate, and the third gear 13 is meshed and transmitted to the reduction gear 14 to rotate the rotating shaft 15.

[0034] A partition plate 16 is fixedly provided inside the first shell 5, and an oil chamber 17 is separated inside the first shell 5 by the partition plate 16. The second gear 12, the third gear 13 and the reduction gear 14 are respectively located inside the oil chamber 17. The upper side wall of the oil chamber 17 is connected with an oil inlet pipe 18 with an electric valve, and the lower end of the oil chamber 17 is connected with an oil drain pipe 19 with an electric valve. The oil inlet pipe 18 and the oil drain pipe 19 are respectively fixedly connected to the first shell 5. A one-way pressure relief valve 20 is installed on the top surface of the first shell 5, and the one-way pressure relief valve 20 is connected to the oil chamber 17. The lubricating oil of a suitable capacity is transported to the inside of the oil chamber 17 through the oil inlet pipe 18, ensuring that the second gear 12, the third gear 13 and the reduction gear 14 work under good lubrication conditions.

[0035] When in use, the output shafts of the dual-axis motor 10 respectively drive the two first rotating shafts 11 to drive the second gear 12 to rotate, so that the second gear 12 is meshed and transmitted to the third gear 13 to rotate, so that the connecting shaft 7 rotates to drive the first gear 8 to rotate, and the third gear 13 is meshed and transmitted to the reduction gear 14 to rotate the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 drives the second housing 6 to rotate, so that it is convenient to adjust the A-axis swing head 2 to a suitable angle. After the adjustment is completed, the first gear 8 is locked by the locking assembly 9, and the second housing 6 is further locked by the second gear 12, the third gear 13 and the reduction gear 14, thereby improving the stability of the A-axis swing head 2 after it stops rotating; Before use, a suitable amount of lubricating oil is delivered to the oil chamber 17 through the oil inlet pipe 18, which ensures that the second gear 12, the third gear 13 and the reduction gear 14 work under good lubrication conditions, reduces wear and heat, and prolongs the service life of the components; When it is necessary to replace the lubricating oil or clean the oil chamber 17, the oil drain pipe 19 is opened through the electric valve, and the old oil or impurities are discharged to the outside from the oil drain pipe 19. The one-way pressure relief valve 20 automatically opens to release the pressure when the internal pressure of the oil chamber 17 is too high, thereby protecting the oil chamber 17 and related components from damage and preventing component damage or safety accidents caused by excessive pressure. Embodiment 3

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and differs from the previous embodiment in that it also includes a cooling component 21, and a liquid inlet pipe 2101 is provided on the cooling component 21. The inner wall of the hollow connecting block 4 is symmetrically installed with two metal heat-conducting blocks 2102, and the metal heat-conducting blocks 2102 are hollow in structure. The inner wall of the metal heat-conducting block 2102 contacts the outer wall of the dual-axis motor 10, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe 2101 passes through the hollow connecting block 4 and is connected to one of the metal heat-conducting blocks 2102, and the two metal heat-conducting blocks 2102 are connected via a connecting pipe 2103; when the liquid enters the metal heat-conducting block 2102 through the liquid inlet pipe 2101, the metal heat-conducting block 2102 absorbs part of the heat generated when the dual-axis motor 10 is in use.

[0037] One of the metal heat-conducting blocks 2102 is connected to a first heat-conducting pipe 2104, which passes through the first shell 5 and extends to the inside. The other end of the first heat-conducting pipe 2104 is connected to a second heat-conducting pipe 2105, which is circuitous and located inside the oil chamber 17. A third heat-conducting pipe 2106 is fixedly arranged on the second heat-conducting pipe 2105, which passes through the rotating shaft 15 and extends to the inside of the second shell 6. The outer peripheral wall of the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 15, and the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 is connected to a delivery pipe 2107. The first heat-conducting pipe 2104, the second heat-conducting pipe 2105 and the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 respectively exchange heat with the lubricating oil inside the oil chamber 17, thereby reducing the temperature of the lubricating oil.

[0038] A driving motor 22 is installed inside the second shell 6, and a liquid distribution block 23 is provided at the lower end of the second shell 6. A tool 24 is installed on the liquid distribution block 23. The output shaft of the driving motor 22 is rotatably connected to the liquid distribution block 23, and the output shaft of the driving motor 22 is coaxially connected to the tool 24. The bottom surface of the liquid distribution block 23 is in a ring array structure with multiple water outlets 25. The upper end of the liquid distribution block 23 is connected to multiple shunt pipes 26. A hollow distribution ring 27 is installed at the lower end of the second shell 6. The upper ends of the multiple shunt pipes 26 respectively penetrate the second shell 6 and extend to the inside. The upper ends of the multiple shunt pipes 26 are respectively connected to the hollow distribution ring 27, and the two delivery pipes 2107 are respectively connected to the hollow distribution ring 27; after heat exchange, the coolant enters the hollow distribution ring 27 and the shunt pipe 26 through the delivery pipe 2107, and the cooling liquid is sprayed from the water outlet 25 of the liquid distribution block 23 to the working area of ​​the tool 24, thereby realizing effective cooling of the tool 24 and the workpiece.

[0039] During cooling, the cutting fluid is first transported to the inside of the liquid inlet pipe 2101 through an external device. When entering the metal heat-conducting block 2102 through the liquid inlet pipe 2101, the metal heat-conducting block 2102 absorbs part of the heat generated when the dual-axis motor 10 is in use. The cooling liquid is transported to the second heat-conducting pipe 2105 and the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 through the first heat-conducting pipe 2104 and enters the inside of the oil chamber 17. At this time, the first heat-conducting pipe 2104, the second heat-conducting pipe 2105 and the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 respectively exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the oil chamber 17, thereby reducing the temperature of the lubricating oil. In this process, the lubricating oil absorbs and takes away the heat generated during the operation of the gears, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the components and the slight deformation caused by high temperature, thereby improving the processing effect. After heat exchange, the coolant enters the hollow distribution ring 27 and the diversion pipe 26 through the delivery pipe 2107, and the cooling liquid is sprayed from the water outlet 25 of the liquid distribution block 23 to the working area of ​​the tool 24, thereby achieving effective cooling of the tool 24 and the workpiece. The flowing cutting fluid not only improves the efficiency and effect of heat exchange, but also ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the entire cooling system, thereby extending the service life of the machine tool. Embodiment 4

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and differs from the previous embodiment in that a heat dissipation component 28 is provided on the hollow connecting block 4, and the heat dissipation component 28 includes a fan 2801, and the fan 2801 is installed on the rear wall of the hollow connecting block 4 through a mounting seat, and the air inlet end of the fan 2801 is connected with an air inlet pipe 2802, and the output end of the fan 2801 extends through the hollow connecting block 4 to the inside, and the hollow connecting block 4 is connected with an air supply pipe 2803, and a spring tube 2804 is fixed in the middle of the air supply pipe 2803, and the other end of the air supply pipe 2803 is connected to the inside of the second shell 6; it ensures that excessive heat will not accumulate inside the hollow connecting block 4 and the second shell 6, and reduces the temperature of the C-axis swing head 1 and the A-axis swing head 2 during operation.

[0041] The bottom surface of the second shell 6 is connected to an air outlet pipe 2805, and the air inlet pipe 2802 is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow connecting block 4. A plurality of slots 2806 are provided on the side wall of the air inlet pipe 2802. Filter blocks 2807 are inserted into the slots 2806, and a waterproof and breathable membrane 2808 is installed on the rear wall of the filter block 2807. This ensures that the air entering the machine tool is dry and clean, and prevents water vapor, cutting fluid and other liquids from damaging the machine tool.

[0042] During heat dissipation, the fan 2801 filters and blocks the external fresh air through the filter block 2807 and the waterproof breathable membrane 2808, and then sends it into the hollow connection block 4. When the air flows in the hollow connection block 4, it takes away part of the heat generated by the dual-axis motor 10. The air enters the second shell 6 through the air supply pipe 2803 and the spring tube 2804, and further dissipates the heat of the drive motor 22 and the working area of ​​the tool 24. The air after heat dissipation is discharged to the outside through the air outlet pipe 2805 on the bottom surface of the second shell 6, ensuring that too much heat will not accumulate in the hollow connection block 4 and the second shell 6, reducing the temperature of the C-axis swing head 1 and the A-axis swing head 2 during operation, and improving the stability and service life of the machine tool; The provision of the filter block 2807 and the waterproof breathable membrane 2808 ensures that the air entering the interior of the machine tool is dry and clean, preventing water vapor, cutting fluid and other liquids from damaging the machine tool; the spring tube 2804 allows air to more smoothly enter the interior of the second shell 6 for heat dissipation, thereby improving the use effect of the second shell 6 when it is rotated to different angles.

[0043] Working principle: When in use, after adjusting the C-axis swing head 1 and the A-axis swing head 2 to rotate to a suitable use angle along the C-axis through the C-axis drive system 3, the A-axis swing head 2 is driven to rotate to a suitable angle through the C-axis swing head 1, and the push block 901 moves downward and drives the movable block 905 and the latching tooth 906 to move downward through the spring 904 until the spring 904 is compressed, so that the latching tooth 906 on one of the movable blocks 905 is engaged with the first gear 8; The slide bar 902 slides along the push block 901, so that the bottom surface of the latching teeth 906 of the remaining movable blocks 905 abuts against the outer wall of the first gear 8, which facilitates the tight latching of the first gear 8 to rotate to different positions and angles, reduces the error accumulation after the connecting shaft 7 stops rotating, improves the processing effect, ensures the quality of the product, and enhances the stability of the A-axis swing head 2, so that when it is subjected to various forces and torques from the workpiece and the tool, the A-axis swing head 2 is not prone to vibration or deviation, further improving the processing effect; When it is necessary to lock the A-axis swing head 2, the output shaft of the cylinder 908 moves downward to drive the push block 901 to move, and then drives the movable block 905 and the latching tooth 906 to move downward. Due to the elastic force of the spring 904, one of the movable blocks 905 and the latching tooth 906 engages with the tooth groove of the first gear 8 during the downward movement. Since the latching teeth 906 on the adjacent movable blocks 905 are staggered, they can adapt to the first gears 8 at different angles to achieve tight engagement, reducing the error accumulation after the connecting shaft 7 stops rotating. At the same time, due to the stable driving force provided by the cylinder 908 and the elastic force of the spring 904, the overall stability of the locking assembly 9 is enhanced, and the vibration or deviation phenomenon of the A-axis swing head 2 when subjected to various forces and torques from the workpiece and the tool is reduced. When the lock needs to be released, the cylinder 908 is used to retract its piston rod upward, and the piston rod of the cylinder 908 drives the push block 901 to move upward, causing the slide bar 902 to slide along the push block 901, and the bottom surface of the round block 903 is in friction contact with the top surface of the push block 901, thereby driving the movable block 905 and the latch tooth 906 to move upward, so that the latch tooth 906 engaged with the first gear 8 is disengaged. At this time, the A-axis swing head 2 is re-rotated and adjusted through the C-axis swing head 1, which is more flexible and convenient to use.

[0044] When in use, the output shafts of the dual-axis motor 10 respectively drive the two first rotating shafts 11 to drive the second gear 12 to rotate, so that the second gear 12 is meshed and transmitted to the third gear 13 to rotate, so that the connecting shaft 7 rotates to drive the first gear 8 to rotate, and the third gear 13 is meshed and transmitted to the reduction gear 14 to rotate the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 drives the second housing 6 to rotate, so that it is convenient to adjust the A-axis swing head 2 to a suitable angle. After the adjustment is completed, the first gear 8 is locked by the locking assembly 9, and the second housing 6 is further locked by the second gear 12, the third gear 13 and the reduction gear 14, thereby improving the stability of the A-axis swing head 2 after it stops rotating; Before use, a suitable amount of lubricating oil is delivered to the oil chamber 17 through the oil inlet pipe 18, which ensures that the second gear 12, the third gear 13 and the reduction gear 14 work under good lubrication conditions, reduces wear and heat, and prolongs the service life of the components; When it is necessary to replace the lubricating oil or clean the oil chamber 17, the oil drain pipe 19 is opened through the electric valve, and the old oil or impurities are discharged to the outside from the oil drain pipe 19. The one-way pressure relief valve 20 automatically opens to release the pressure when the internal pressure of the oil chamber 17 is too high, thereby protecting the oil chamber 17 and related components from damage and preventing component damage or safety accidents caused by excessive pressure.

[0045] During cooling, the cutting fluid is first transported to the inside of the liquid inlet pipe 2101 through an external device. When entering the metal heat-conducting block 2102 through the liquid inlet pipe 2101, the metal heat-conducting block 2102 absorbs part of the heat generated when the dual-axis motor 10 is in use. The cooling liquid is transported to the second heat-conducting pipe 2105 and the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 through the first heat-conducting pipe 2104 and enters the inside of the oil chamber 17. At this time, the first heat-conducting pipe 2104, the second heat-conducting pipe 2105 and the third heat-conducting pipe 2106 respectively exchange heat with the lubricating oil in the oil chamber 17, thereby reducing the temperature of the lubricating oil. In this process, the lubricating oil absorbs and takes away the heat generated during the operation of the gears, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the components and the slight deformation caused by high temperature, thereby improving the processing effect. After heat exchange, the coolant enters the hollow distribution ring 27 and the diversion pipe 26 through the delivery pipe 2107, and the cooling liquid is sprayed from the water outlet 25 of the liquid distribution block 23 to the working area of ​​the tool 24, thereby achieving effective cooling of the tool 24 and the workpiece. The flowing cutting fluid not only improves the efficiency and effect of heat exchange, but also ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the entire cooling system, thereby extending the service life of the machine tool.

[0046] During heat dissipation, the fan 2801 filters and blocks the external fresh air through the filter block 2807 and the waterproof breathable membrane 2808, and then sends it into the hollow connection block 4. When the air flows in the hollow connection block 4, it takes away part of the heat generated by the dual-axis motor 10. The air enters the second shell 6 through the air supply pipe 2803 and the spring tube 2804, and further dissipates the heat of the drive motor 22 and the working area of ​​the tool 24. The air after heat dissipation is discharged to the outside through the air outlet pipe 2805 on the bottom surface of the second shell 6, ensuring that too much heat will not accumulate in the hollow connection block 4 and the second shell 6, reducing the temperature of the C-axis swing head 1 and the A-axis swing head 2 during operation, and improving the stability and service life of the machine tool; The provision of the filter block 2807 and the waterproof breathable membrane 2808 ensures that the air entering the interior of the machine tool is dry and clean, preventing water vapor, cutting fluid and other liquids from damaging the machine tool; the spring tube 2804 allows air to more smoothly enter the interior of the second shell 6 for heat dissipation, thereby improving the use effect of the second shell 6 when it is rotated to different angles.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional swing head for a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool, comprising a C-axis swing head (1) and an A-axis swing head (2), wherein a C-axis drive system (3) is installed on the C-axis swing head (1), characterized in that: The C-axis swing head (1) is provided with a hollow connecting block (4), and first shells (5) are fixedly provided at both ends of the hollow connecting block (4). The A-axis swing head (2) is provided with a second shell (6), and the outer wall of the second shell (6) slides with the inner wall of the first shell (5). A connecting shaft (7) is rotatably connected inside the first shell (5), and a first gear (8) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of one end of the connecting shaft (7). A locking assembly (9) is clamped on the upper end of the first gear (8), and a push block (901) is provided on the locking assembly (9). The push block (901) ) is slidably connected to a plurality of slide bars (902), a round block (903) is fixedly provided on the top surface of the slide bar (902), a spring (904) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the lower end of the slide bar (902), a plurality of movable blocks (905) are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the push block (901), a plurality of latching teeth (906) are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the movable block (905), the bottom surface of the slide bar (902) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable block (905), the latching teeth (906) are latched with the first gear (8), and the latching teeth (906) on adjacent movable blocks (905) are staggered.

2. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Triangular blocks (907) are fixedly provided at both ends of the movable block (905); the outer wall of the triangular block (907) and the outer walls at both ends of the push block (901) are respectively slidably connected to the inner wall of the first shell (5); the top surface of the spring (904) abuts against the bottom surface of the push block (901); the bottom surface of the spring (904) abuts against the top surface of the movable block (905); a cylinder (908) is mounted on the top surface of the first shell (5) via a mounting seat; a piston rod of the cylinder (908) penetrates the first shell (5) and extends to the inside; an outer peripheral wall of the piston rod of the cylinder (908) is slidably connected to the first shell (5); and the bottom surface of the output shaft of the cylinder (908) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the push block (901).

3. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A dual-axis motor (10) is installed inside the hollow connection block (4) via a mounting seat, and first rotating shafts (11) are coaxially connected to the output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor (10), and the outer end of the first rotating shaft (11) passes through the first housing (5) and extends to the interior, and a second gear (12) is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (11), and a third gear (13) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of one end of the connecting shaft (7) away from the first gear (8), and the second gear (12) is meshingly connected to the third gear (13).

4. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the third gear (13) is meshedly connected with a reduction gear (14), the middle part of the reduction gear (14) is sleeved with a rotating shaft (15), the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the first shell (5), the rotating shaft (15) passes through the second shell (6) and extends to the inside, and the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (15) is fixedly connected to the second shell (6).

5. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A partition plate (16) is fixedly provided inside the first housing (5), and an oil chamber (17) is separated inside the first housing (5) by the partition plate (16). The second gear (12), the third gear (13) and the reduction gear (14) are respectively located inside the oil chamber (17). An oil inlet pipe (18) with an electric valve is communicated with the side wall at the upper end of the oil chamber (17), and an oil discharge pipe (19) with an electric valve is communicated with the lower end of the oil chamber (17). The oil inlet pipe (18) and the oil discharge pipe (19) are respectively fixedly connected to the first housing (5). A one-way pressure relief valve (20) is installed on the top surface of the first housing (5), and the one-way pressure relief valve (20) is communicated with the oil chamber (17).

6. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a cooling component (21), wherein the cooling component (21) is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (2101), the inner wall of the hollow connecting block (4) is symmetrically structured and is equipped with two metal heat-conducting blocks (2102), the metal heat-conducting blocks (2102) are hollow in structure, the inner wall of the metal heat-conducting blocks (2102) is in contact with the outer wall of the dual-axis motor (10), one end of the liquid inlet pipe (2101) passes through the hollow connecting block (4) and is connected to one of the metal heat-conducting blocks (2102), and the two metal heat-conducting blocks (2102) are connected via a connecting pipe (2103).

7. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: One of the metal heat-conducting blocks (2102) is connected to a first heat-conducting pipe (2104), the first heat-conducting pipe (2104) passes through the first shell (5) and extends to the interior, the other end of the first heat-conducting pipe (2104) is connected to a second heat-conducting pipe (2105), the second heat-conducting pipe (2105) is in a circuitous shape, the second heat-conducting pipe (2105) is located inside the oil chamber (17), a third heat-conducting pipe (2106) is fixedly arranged on the second heat-conducting pipe (2105), the third heat-conducting pipe (2106) passes through the rotating shaft (15) and extends to the interior of the second shell (6), the outer peripheral wall of the third heat-conducting pipe (2106) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (15), and the third heat-conducting pipe (2106) is connected to a conveying pipe (2107).

8. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drive motor (22) is installed inside the second shell (6); a liquid distribution block (23) is provided at the lower end of the second shell (6); a cutter (24) is installed on the liquid distribution block (23); an output shaft of the drive motor (22) is rotatably connected to the liquid distribution block (23); the output shaft of the drive motor (22) is coaxially connected to the cutter (24); a plurality of water outlet holes (25) are provided on the bottom surface of the liquid distribution block (23) in an annular array structure; a plurality of flow distribution pipes (26) are connected to the upper end of the liquid distribution block (23); a hollow distribution ring (27) is installed at the lower end of the second shell (6); the upper ends of the plurality of flow distribution pipes (26) respectively penetrate the second shell (6) and extend to the inside; the upper ends of the plurality of flow distribution pipes (26) are respectively connected to the hollow distribution ring (27); and the two delivery pipes (2107) are respectively connected to the hollow distribution ring (27).

9. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow connecting block (4) is provided with a heat dissipation component (28), the heat dissipation component (28) comprising a fan (2801), the fan (2801) being mounted on the rear wall of the hollow connecting block (4) via a mounting seat, the air inlet end of the fan (2801) being connected to an air inlet pipe (2802), the output end of the fan (2801) passing through the hollow connecting block (4) and extending to the interior, the hollow connecting block (4) being connected to an air supply pipe (2803), a spring pipe (2804) being fixedly disposed in the middle of the air supply pipe (2803), and the other end of the air supply pipe (2803) being connected to the interior of the second shell (6).

10. The bidirectional swing head of a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the second shell (6) is connected to an air outlet pipe (2805); the air inlet pipe (2802) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hollow connecting block (4); a plurality of slots (2806) are provided on the side wall of the air inlet pipe (2802); filter blocks (2807) are inserted into the slots (2806); and a waterproof breathable membrane (2808) is installed on the rear wall of the filter block (2807).

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