High-rise building fire-fighting and lifesaving multifunctional device capable of self-locking and staying at any position

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-rise building fire-fighting and life-saving multifunctional device capable of self-locking and staying at any position, and belongs to the technical field of fire-fighting and life-saving devices. The device comprises a rescue capsule, a transmission device, a stand column and a hand-cranking device, the stand column is fixedly erected on the ground, the rescue capsule is installed on the stand column and can freely move in the axial direction of the stand column, the transmission device is installed at the bottom of the rescue capsule, the transmission device is connected with the center stand column, and the hand-cranking device is connected with the center stand column. The hand-cranking device is installed on the transmission device, the transmission device achieves vertical movement and stop at any position of the rescue capsule through gear transmission, self-locking and stop of the device are achieved through worm and gear transmission, efficiency is high, controllability is good, and the device is suitable for various high-rise fire fighting and lifesaving applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire-fighting and life-saving devices, in particular to a multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings which can be self-locked and stopped at any position. Background Art

[0002] Affected by urbanization, the number of high-rise buildings, as an important part of urban buildings, is increasing year by year. High-rise buildings are characterized by high floors and complex structures, which makes it difficult to carry out firefighting and rescue tasks, bringing great challenges to rescue work. Once a fire accident occurs in a high-rise building, it often causes significant casualties and property losses. In the frequent high-rise building fire accidents in recent years, the existing rescue equipment has great limitations in responding to fires. For example, the height of the fire ladder is limited and it cannot reach the extra-high floors. It takes a certain amount of time for the fire ladder to reach the burning building. The trapped people cannot take the fire ladder to escape from the burning floor in time. For some existing fire slides, firefighters cannot use the fire slides to reach the burning floor to start firefighting work. Therefore, how to solve the fire protection problem of high-rise buildings is very important. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings that can self-lock and stay at any position, so as to help people on high floors of the building escape from the fire point and help firefighters reach designated floors to carry out fire-fighting and rescue tasks.

[0004] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: The multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings which can self-lock and stay at any position comprises columns, a life-saving capsule, a transmission device and a hand-cranking device. The columns are used for the sliding and position limiting of the life-saving capsule. The central column is used for supporting the life-saving capsule and the transmission device. The edge columns are used for the up and down sliding of the life-saving capsule. The edge columns are distributed in an equilateral triangle. The life-saving capsule is installed on the columns for accommodating and carrying escapees or firefighters. The transmission device is installed at the bottom of the life-saving capsule for driving the entire life-saving capsule to move up and down and controlling the life-saving capsule to stay at any position. The hand-cranking device is connected to the transmission device. When the transmission device lacks electric drive, the escapee can manually drive the life-saving capsule to move up and down. The life-saving capsule comprises a cabin door, a door hinge, a life-saving cylinder, a fixing plate, and a battery. The lifeboat is equipped with a battery, a DC motor, a planetary gear connector, a triangular plate connector, a worm connector, and a spur gear connector. The hatch is installed on the side of the lifeboat cylinder to block high-temperature flames. The door hinge is installed on the side of the hatch and the lifeboat cylinder to realize the rotation and opening and closing of the hatch to prevent poisonous gas from entering the lifeboat. The center hole of the lifeboat is coaxially matched with the center column. The edge circular holes on the upper and lower surfaces of the lifeboat are coaxially matched with the edge columns respectively. The fixing plate is installed on the side of the bottom of the lifeboat cylinder and is fixedly connected to the lifeboat cylinder. At the same time, the fixing plate plays a role in fixing the battery and the DC motor. The battery provides electrical energy for the DC motor, and the DC motor drives the transmission device to work. The gear ring connector is connected to the gear ring to fix the gear ring. The triangular plate connector is connected to the triangular plate to support the triangular plate. The worm connecting piece is connected to the worm and is used to support the worm. The spur gear connecting piece is used to connect the spur gear shaft and is used to support the spur gear shaft. The transmission device includes a ring gear, a planetary gear, a sun gear, a triangular plate, a bevel gear, a planetary bevel gear, a worm, a worm gear, a gear shaft, a spur gear and a rack. The ring gear is fixedly connected to the ring gear connecting piece at the bottom of the lifeboat to limit the rotation of the ring gear. The ring gear is meshed with the three planetary gears inside for transmission. The three planetary gears are meshed with the sun gear for transmission at the same time. When the DC motor drives the sun gear to rotate at high speed, the planetary gear slows down and rotates around the sun gear. The three planetary gears drive the triangular plate to rotate. The bevel gear is fixedly connected to the central axis of the triangular plate and rotates with the triangular plate. The planetary bevel gears and the bevel gears are meshed for transmission to achieve a change in the direction of rotation. The planetary bevel gear is fixed on the worm, driving the worm to rotate. The worm and the worm wheel meshing transmission can further reduce the speed. The worm wheel and the spur gear transmit power through the gear shaft. The rack is fixed on the central column. The rack and the spur gear meshing transmission, the spur gear moves along the gear axis, driving the lifeboat to move up and down. The movement and stop of the entire device can be controlled by controlling the start and stop of the DC motor. The planetary bevel gear, worm, worm wheel, gear shaft, spur gear and rack are symmetrically arranged about the vertical plane of the bevel gear center. The hand-cranked device includes a driving wheel, a hand crank, a chain and a driven wheel. The driving wheel and the hand crank are fixedly connected. When the hand crank is turned, the driving wheel rotates synchronously with the hand crank. The chain connects the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the power of the driving wheel is transmitted to the driven wheel through the chain.The driven wheel is fixedly connected to the sun wheel, and the rotation of the sun wheel is used to realize the movement of the lifeboat. The number of teeth of the driving wheel is greater than that of the driven wheel, so that the speed of the driven wheel is greater than that of the driving wheel, thereby increasing the speed of the lifeboat. Furthermore, the DC motor drives the transmission device to rotate, and the transmission device drives the lifeboat to move along the axis of the column, and the entire device can be moved to any specified height; Furthermore, the transmission device can remain stationary without external driving force due to the self-locking property of the worm gear. The transmission device will only start working when the sun gear is driven by external force. Furthermore, in the absence of electric drive, the sun wheel can be driven by turning the hand crank, and the lifeboat can be moved up and down by human power.

[0005] The working principle of the present invention is: The rescue personnel control the motor to drive the transmission device to work. When the sun gear is driven to rotate, the gear meshing is used to transmit power to the planetary gears, and the three planetary gears will rotate around the sun gear. The three planetary gears and the three circular holes on the triangular plate cooperate coaxially to drive the triangular plate to rotate. The bevel gear fixedly connected to the triangular plate rotates synchronously with the triangular plate, and the bevel gear meshes with the planetary bevel gear for transmission. The axis of the bevel gear is orthogonal to the axis of the planetary bevel gear. The bevel gear drives the planetary bevel gear to rotate around its own axis. The bevel gear and the planetary gear have the same number of teeth and the same speed. The planetary bevel gear is installed on the worm, and the axis of the planetary bevel gear and the worm coincide and are fixedly connected. The planetary bevel gear drives the worm to rotate, and the axis of the worm is perpendicular to the axis of the worm. The worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the rotation direction of the worm is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the worm. The worm wheel speed ratio The worm has a smaller rotation speed and transmits a larger torque. The worm wheel and the spur gear are coaxially matched through the gear shaft. The worm wheel and the spur gear are fixedly connected to the gear shaft. The worm wheel drives the spur gear to rotate synchronously. The spur gear and the rack match. The rack is fixed on the central cylinder and remains stationary. The spur gear will move along the vertical direction of the rack while rotating around its own axis. The transmission device is installed at the bottom of the lifeboat. The transmission device will drive the lifeboat to move, and people can take the lifeboat to any floor. When there is no transmission device and no power input, the worm gear will self-lock in the reverse direction, and the worm wheel cannot drive the worm to rotate, and the entire transmission device will remain stationary, which can prevent the lifeboat from falling. When the motor drives the sun gear again, or the sun gear is driven by the hand-cranked device, after power transmission, the worm gear starts to move, and the entire transmission device moves together with the lifeboat. The driven wheel of the hand-cranked device is fixedly connected to the sun wheel, the axis of the driving wheel and the axis of the driven wheel are parallel to each other, and the hand crank is fixedly connected to the center of the driving wheel. When the hand crank is turned, the driving wheel starts to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the driven wheel by the chain. The sun wheel will rotate with the driven wheel. The driven wheel has fewer teeth than the driving wheel, and the rotation speed of the driven wheel is greater than that of the driving wheel, which can speed up the movement of the lifeboat.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) The multifunctional firefighting and lifesaving device for high-rise buildings that can self-lock and stop at any position can stop at any position in the high-rise building, making it convenient for firefighters to choose a suitable position to extinguish the fire and rescue trapped people; (2) The multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings that can self-lock and stop at any position can reversely self-lock when the device is stationary, preventing the driving source of the device from falling due to gravity when a problem occurs, thereby improving safety; (3) A multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings that can be self-locked and stopped at any position is connected to the high-rise building. When a fire occurs, people on the high floors can use the device to save themselves and escape from the fire point as quickly as possible; (4) The multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings, which can self-lock and stop at any position, can be manually driven and reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure installation of the multifunctional fire fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings which can be self-locked and stopped at any position according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a lifeboat cabin of a multifunctional firefighting and lifesaving device for high-rise buildings that can self-lock and stop at any position according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the rescue cabin of the multifunctional device for fire fighting and life-saving in high-rise buildings which can be self-locked and stopped at any position according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission device structure of the multifunctional device for fire fighting and life-saving in high-rise buildings which can self-lock and stop at any position according to the present invention; Figure 5 The invention is a schematic structural diagram of a hand-cranked device of a high-rise building fire fighting and life-saving multifunctional device which can self-lock and stop at any position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0009] Combination Figure 1-Figure 5, a multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings which can be self-locked and stopped at any position in an embodiment is used for fire escape in a high-rise residential building. The device includes a life-saving capsule, a transmission device, a column and a hand-cranking device. The column 1 is used for supporting and limiting the position of the life-saving capsule. The column 1 includes a central column 101 and an edge column 102. The three edge columns 102 are arranged in an equilateral triangle and play a role of limiting. The central column 101 is arranged at the geometric center of the three edge columns 102 and plays a supporting role. The life-saving capsule 2 is installed on the column 1 to accommodate and carry escapees or firefighters. The life-saving capsule 2 moves on the column 1. The life-saving capsule 2 includes a door 201, a door hinge 202, a life-saving cylinder 203, a fixing plate 204, The battery 205, the DC motor 206, the gear ring connector 207, the triangular plate connector 208, the worm connector 209 and the spur gear connector 210, the hatch 201 is installed on the side of the lifesaving cylinder 203 to block the high-temperature flame, the rescue personnel can open the hatch 201 to enter the lifesaving capsule 2, and after entering the lifesaving capsule 2, the hatch 201 can be closed to isolate the poisonous gas from entering, the door hinge 202 is installed on the side of the hatch 201 and the lifesaving cylinder 203, the door hinge is symmetrically arranged about the horizontal plane of the center of the lifesaving capsule 2, the hatch 201 can be rotated around the door hinge 202 to open and close, the center hole 211 of the lifesaving capsule 2 is coaxially matched with the center cylinder 101, and the three edge circular holes 212 on the upper and lower sides of the lifesaving capsule 2 are coaxially connected with the edge columns 102, respectively, The fixed plate 204 is installed on the side of the bottom of the life-saving cylinder 203 and is fixedly connected to the life-saving cylinder 203. At the same time, the fixed plate 204 plays the role of fixing the battery 205 and the DC motor 206. The battery 205 provides power for the DC motor 206, and the DC motor 206 drives the transmission device 3 to work. The ring gear connector 207 is installed at the bottom of the life-saving cylinder 203 and is fixedly connected to the life-saving cylinder 203. The triangular plate connector 208 is installed on the left side of the ring gear connector 207 and is fixedly connected to the life-saving cylinder 203. The worm connector 209 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the life-saving cylinder 203 and is fixedly connected to the life-saving cylinder 203. The spur gear connector 210 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the life-saving cylinder 203 and is fixedly connected to the life-saving cylinder 203. The transmission device 3 is installed at the The bottom of the lifeboat 2 is used to drive the entire lifeboat 2 to move up and down, and to control the lifeboat 2 to stay at any position. The transmission device 3 includes a ring gear 301, a planetary gear 302, a sun gear 303, a triangular plate 304, a bevel gear 305, a planetary bevel gear 306, a worm 307, a worm wheel 308, a gear shaft 309, a spur gear 310 and a rack 311. The ring gear 301 is fixedly connected to the ring gear connector 207 at the bottom of the lifeboat 2 to limit the rotation of the ring gear 301. The ring gear 301 is meshed with the three planetary gears 302 inside for transmission. The three planetary gears 302 are meshed with the sun gear 303 for transmission at the same time. When the DC motor 206 drives the sun gear 303 to rotate at a high speed, the planetary gear 302 decelerates and rotates around the sun gear 303.The three planetary gears 302 drive the triangular plate 304 to rotate, and the bevel gear 305 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the triangular plate 304 and rotates with the triangular plate 304. The planetary bevel gear 306 and the bevel gear 305 are meshed for transmission to change the rotation direction. The planetary bevel gear 306 is fixed on the worm 307. When the planetary bevel gear 306 rotates, it will drive the worm 307 to rotate. The worm 307 and the worm wheel 308 are meshed for transmission, which can further reduce the speed. The worm wheel 308 and the spur gear 310 transmit power through the gear shaft 309. The rack 311 is fixed on the central column 101. The rack 311 and the spur gear 310 are meshed for transmission. The spur gear 310 moves in the vertical direction along the rack 311 to drive the rescue The life capsule 2 moves up and down, and the start and stop of the DC motor 206 are controlled to control the movement and stop of the life capsule 2. The planetary bevel gear 306, the worm 307, the worm wheel 308, the gear shaft 309, the spur gear 310 and the rack 311 are all arranged symmetrically about the central vertical plane of the bevel gear 305. The hand-cranked device 4 is connected to the transmission device 3. When the transmission device 3 lacks electric drive, it is used for the escapee to manually drive the life capsule 2 to move up and down. The hand-cranked device 4 includes a driving wheel 401, a hand crank 402, a chain 403 and a driven wheel 404. The driving wheel 401 is fixedly connected to the hand crank 402. When the hand crank 402 is turned, the driving wheel 401 rotates synchronously with the hand crank 402. The chain 403 The driving wheel 401 and the driven wheel 404 are connected, and the power of the driving wheel 401 is transmitted to the driven wheel 404 through the chain 403. The driven wheel 404 is fixedly connected to the sun wheel 303, and the rotation of the sun wheel 303 is used to realize the movement of the lifeboat 2. The number of teeth of the driving wheel 401 is greater than that of the driven wheel 404, so that the rotation speed of the driven wheel 404 is greater than that of the driving wheel 401, thereby improving the moving speed of the lifeboat 2. When a fire starts, people on high floors can take the lifeboat 2 to descend to the ground and complete self-rescue. If the fire spreads rapidly and people on high floors of the building cannot reach the lifeboat 2 due to the fire, the firefighters on the ground can open the door 201 of the lifeboat 2 and enter the lifeboat from the ground. The firefighters then start the DC motor 206, which drives the transmission device 3 to work. When the motor fails to work due to a fault, the hand crank 402 can be driven by external force to move the lifeboat 2. The lifeboat 2 moves upward along the column 1. After reaching the designated fire floor, the firefighters go out of the lifeboat 2. The lifeboat 2 uses the self-locking property of the worm gear transmission to remain stationary at the designated position, providing a stationary working platform for the firefighters. After the firefighters approach the fire point, they extinguish the fire at the fire point and rescue the trapped persons at the same time. They take the trapped persons to escape from the fire floor in the lifeboat 2 to complete the rescue mission. The multifunctional firefighting and lifesaving device for high-rise buildings that can self-lock and stop at any position of the present invention can allow trapped persons to quickly escape from the fire floor and reach the ground safely.It enables firefighters to reach any location in a high-rise building to start firefighting.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings that can be self-locked and stopped at any position, characterized in that: include: A column (1) used for supporting and defining the position of the lifeboat; A rescue cabin (2), mounted on the column (1), for accommodating and carrying escapees or firefighters; A transmission device (3) is installed at the bottom of the lifeboat (2) and is used to drive the entire lifeboat (2) to move up and down, and to control the lifeboat (2) to stay at any position; A hand crank device (4) connected to the transmission device (3) and used by escapees to manually drive the rescue capsule (2) to move up and down when the transmission device lacks electric drive; The columns (1) include a central column (101) and edge columns (102); the edge columns (102) are arranged in an equilateral triangle and play a role of limiting and being used for the installation and sliding of the lifeboat (2); the central column (101) is arranged at the geometric center of the three edge columns (102) and plays a supporting role; The lifeboat (2) comprises a door (201), a door hinge (202), a lifeboat cylinder (203), a fixing plate (204), a storage battery (205), a DC motor (206), a gear ring connector (207), a triangular plate connector (208), a worm connector (209), a spur gear connector (210), a center hole (211) and an edge circular hole (212). The door (201) is mounted on the side of the lifeboat cylinder (203) to block high-temperature flames. The door hinge (202) is mounted on the side of the door (201) and the lifeboat cylinder (203) to realize the rotation opening and closing of the door (201). The fixing plate (204) is mounted on the side of the bottom of the lifeboat cylinder (203) and is fixedly connected to the lifeboat cylinder (203). At the same time, the fixing plate (204) plays a role in fixing the storage battery (205) and the DC motor. (206), the storage battery (205) provides electric energy to the DC motor (206), the DC motor (206) drives the transmission device (3) to work, the gear ring connecting member (207) is installed at the bottom of the lifesaving cylinder (203) and is fixedly connected to the lifesaving cylinder (203), the triangular plate connecting member (208) is installed on the left side of the gear ring connecting member (207) and is fixedly connected to the lifesaving cylinder (203), the worm connecting member (209) is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifesaving cylinder (203) and is fixedly connected to the lifesaving cylinder (203), the spur gear connecting member (210) is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifesaving cylinder (203) and is fixedly connected to the lifesaving cylinder (203), the center hole (211) on the upper and lower sides of the lifesaving capsule (2) is coaxially matched with the center cylinder (101), and the three edge circular holes (212) on the upper and lower sides of the lifesaving capsule (2) are coaxially matched with the edge columns (102) respectively; The transmission device (3) comprises a ring gear (301), a planetary gear (302), a sun gear (303), a triangular plate (304), a bevel gear (305), a planetary bevel gear (306), a worm (307), a worm wheel (308), a gear shaft (309), a spur gear (310) and a rack (311). The ring gear (301) is fixedly connected to a ring gear connector (207) at the bottom of the lifeboat (2) to limit the rotation of the ring gear (301). The three planetary gears (301) mesh with the three planetary gears (302) inside the triangular plate (304) for transmission. The three planetary gears (302) mesh with the sun gear (303) for transmission. When the DC motor (206) drives the sun gear (303) to rotate at high speed, the planetary gears (302) decelerate and rotate around the sun gear (303). The three planetary gears (302) drive the triangular plate (304) to rotate. The bevel gear (305) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the triangular plate (304) and rotates with the triangular plate (304). The planetary bevel gear (306) and the bevel gear (305) are meshed for transmission to achieve a change in the direction of rotation. The planetary bevel gear (306) is fixed on the worm (307). When the planetary bevel gear (306) rotates, it drives the worm (307) to rotate. The worm (307) and the worm wheel (308) are meshed for transmission to further reduce speed. The worm wheel (308) and the spur gear (310) transmit power through the gear shaft (309). The rack (311) is fixed on the central column (101 ), the rack (311) and the spur gear (310) are meshed for transmission, the spur gear (310) moves along the vertical direction of the rack, driving the lifeboat (2) to move up and down, controlling the start and stop of the DC motor (206), and controlling the movement and stop of the lifeboat (2). The planetary bevel gear (306), the worm (307), the worm wheel (308), the gear shaft (309), the spur gear (310) and the rack (311) are all symmetrically arranged about the central vertical plane of the bevel gear (305); The hand crank device (4) comprises a driving wheel (401), a hand crank (402), a chain (403) and a driven wheel (404); the driving wheel (401) and the hand crank (402) are fixedly connected; when the hand crank (402) is rotated, the driving wheel (401) rotates synchronously with the hand crank (402); the chain (403) connects the driving wheel (401) and the driven wheel (404); the power of the driving wheel (401) is transmitted to the driven wheel (404) through the chain (403); the driven wheel (404) is fixedly connected to the sun gear (303); the rotation of the sun gear (303) is used to realize the movement of the lifeboat (2); the number of teeth of the driving wheel (401) is greater than that of the driven wheel (404), so that the rotation speed of the driven wheel (404) is greater than that of the driving wheel (401), thereby improving the moving speed of the lifeboat (2).

2. The multifunctional fire-fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings capable of self-locking and stopping at any position according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central column (101) and the edge columns (102) are hollow cylinders, the edge columns (102) are arranged in an equilateral triangle, the central column (101) is located at the center of the circle, the central column (101) and the edge columns (102) are parallel to each other, and the lower ends are fixedly connected to the ground.

3. The multifunctional fire fighting and life-saving device for high-rise buildings capable of self-locking and stopping at any position according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sun gear (303) and the planet gear (302) in the transmission device (3) are meshed for transmission. The number of teeth of the planet gear (302) is greater than that of the sun gear (303). The rotation speed of the planet gear (302) is lower than that of the sun gear (303). At the same time, the transmission torque is increased. When the bevel gear (305) and the planet bevel gear (306) transmit power, the rotation speed of the planet bevel gear (306) will not be reduced, but the rotation direction is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the bevel gear (305). The worm gear (308) and the worm (307) cooperate for transmission. The rotation speed of the worm gear (308) is lower than that of the worm (307). The transmission torque is increased. The spur gear (3 The gear rack (311) is fixed on the central column (101) and remains stationary. The spur gear (310) moves along the gear rack (311) due to rotation. Changing the rotation direction of the spur gear (310) can change the movement direction of the spur gear (310), thereby controlling the movement or stopping of the sun gear (303). The planetary gear (302), the triangle plate (304), the bevel gear (305), the planetary bevel gear (306), the worm (307), the worm wheel (308), the gear shaft (309) and the spur gear (310) will rotate or stop accordingly, thereby realizing the function of self-locking and stopping at any position.

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