Process technology for improving yield of carbon black by oxygen-enriched combustion

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon black production, in particular to a process technology for increasing the yield of carbon black through oxygen-enriched combustion. According to the process technology for improving the yield of the carbon black through oxygen-enriched combustion, a combustion improver is prepared, the combustion improver is formed by mixing first gas and second gas, after fuel is pressurized through an oil pump, the fuel is atomized into small liquid drops through an atomizing nozzle and sprayed into a combustor, meanwhile, the combustion improver is sprayed into the combustor in an axial mode, and the combustion improver and the atomized fuel are fully mixed and make contact for combustion; and the combustion temperature is monitored in real time, and is adjusted and controlled to prepare the carbon black. According to the process technology for improving the yield of the carbon black through oxygen-enriched combustion, the yield of the carbon black can be effectively improved, the yield of converting fuel into the carbon black is improved, meanwhile, the heat value of tail gas is also improved, and the carbon saving effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of carbon black production, in particular to a process technology for increasing carbon black output by oxygen-enriched combustion. Background Art

[0002] Carbon black is mainly composed of carbon elements. It is an ultrafine powder that is approximately spherical and exists in an aggregate structure at the microscopic level. It mainly plays a reinforcing and filling role in rubber tires, improving the wear resistance of tire treads and the coloring power of coatings and pigments. Industrial furnace carbon black uses hydrocarbons as raw materials. Commonly used hydrocarbons include coal tar and petroleum aromatic heavy oils. Through the combustion of fuel (ethylene tar) and combustion aid (air oxygen concentration 20-21%), the fuel oil burns fully under overoxygen conditions, and the temperature is 1900-2000℃, thus providing better process reaction conditions for crude oil cracking. The raw material undergoes a small amount of secondary combustion under high temperature, high speed, and residual oxygen conditions, and most of the raw material is cracked and converted into carbon black. Now we need to give full play to the production efficiency of the reactor carbon black production line with an annual output of 20,000-40,000 tons, tap the potential of the device, improve the conversion rate of carbon black products, and increase the output by about 8% on the basis of the existing output. This can only be done by increasing the use of high-power air centrifugal fans, increasing the amount of combustion air, and matching the increase in fuel volume, thereby increasing the amount of flue gas, resulting in changes in the reactor type, increasing the filter area of ​​the bag filter, and increasing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. This increases the safety and environmental risks of the production line, the investment cost of the production line is large, the manufacturing cost is high, and the competitiveness of carbon black products is relatively weak.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention provides a process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion to solve the technical problems mentioned above. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion. The provided process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion can effectively increase the production of carbon black and increase the yield of fuel converted into carbon black. At the same time, the calorific value of exhaust gas is also improved, and a carbon-saving effect is achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. preparing a combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is formed by mixing a first gas and a second gas;

[0008] S2, after the fuel is pressurized by the oil pump, it is atomized into small droplets through the atomizing nozzle and sprayed into the burner;

[0009] S3, spraying the combustion aid into the burner in an axial manner, and fully mixing with the atomized fuel to contact and burn;

[0010] S4. Monitor the combustion temperature in real time and adjust and control the combustion temperature.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step S1, the combustion improver is prepared as follows:

[0012] The air is filtered through a primary filter to remove particles larger than 5 μm, then filtered through a medium filter to remove particles larger than 1 μm, and then filtered through a high efficiency filter to further intercept tiny particles larger than 0.3 μm to obtain pre-treated air.

[0013] Reduce the moisture content of the pre-treated air to a dew point temperature of -20°C to -18°C;

[0014] Maintain the air side pressure at 0.3-0.6MPa, the permeate side pressure at 0.1-0.2MPa, and use the oxygen permeation formula to control the oxygen permeation rate. The oxygen permeation formula is: Where J is the flux of oxygen permeating through the membrane, ΔP is the partial pressure difference of oxygen on both sides of the membrane, P is the permeability coefficient of oxygen in the membrane material, and δ is the thickness of the membrane;

[0015] Obtaining a first gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% in the air and a second gas having an oxygen concentration of 21% in the air;

[0016] The obtained first gas and second gas are mixed to obtain a combustion aid.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the mixing volume ratio of the first gas to the second gas is 0.02-0.03:1.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step S2, ethylene tar is selected as the fuel, the pressurization pressure is 0.5-1.5 MPa, and the particle size of the small droplets is 60-180 μm.

[0019] 5. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step S2, the injection flow rate of the small droplets is calculated by the formula: In the formula, is the heat utilization coefficient, Q m is the injection flow rate of the fuel, LHV is the low calorific value of the fuel, Q1 is the total heat required for heating, Q2 is the heat dissipation stall amount, and Q3 is the heat required for continuous reaction.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step S3, the injection speed is controlled at 20-30 m / s.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step S4, the method of monitoring the combustion temperature is to install thermocouple thermometers at different positions in the burner, and obtain the average temperature of each thermocouple thermometer as the monitored combustion temperature.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: in step S4, the combustion temperature is adjusted to control the combustion temperature within a range of 1900-2000°C.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention prepares a combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is a mixture of a first gas and a second gas, after the fuel is pressurized by an oil pump, the combustion improver is atomized into small droplets through an atomizing nozzle and sprayed into a burner, and the combustion improver is sprayed into the burner in an axial manner, fully mixed with the atomized fuel for contact combustion, and the combustion temperature is monitored in real time, and the combustion temperature is adjusted and controlled to prepare carbon black. The oxygen-enriched combustion technology for increasing carbon black production provided by the present invention can effectively increase the production of carbon black and increase the yield of fuel converted into carbon black. At the same time, the calorific value of tail gas is also increased, and the effect of saving carbon is obtained. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] This embodiment provides a process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Prepare a combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is a mixture of a first gas and a second gas.

[0029] The preparation process of the combustion improver is as follows:

[0030] The air is filtered through a primary filter to remove particles larger than 5 μm, then filtered through a medium filter to remove particles larger than 1 μm, and then filtered through a high efficiency filter to further intercept tiny particles larger than 0.3 μm to obtain pre-treated air.

[0031] Reduce the moisture content of the pre-treated air to a dew point temperature of -20°C;

[0032] Maintain the air side pressure at 0.3MPa and the permeate side pressure at 0.1MPa, and use the oxygen permeation formula to control the oxygen permeation rate. The oxygen permeation formula is: Where J is the flux of oxygen permeating through the membrane, ΔP is the partial pressure difference of oxygen on both sides of the membrane, P is the permeability coefficient of oxygen in the membrane material, and δ is the thickness of the membrane;

[0033] Obtaining a first gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% in the air and a second gas having an oxygen concentration of 21% in the air;

[0034] The obtained first gas and second gas are mixed to obtain a combustion aid.

[0035] Furthermore, the mixing volume ratio of the first gas to the second gas is 0.02:1.

[0036] In this embodiment, it should be noted that a multi-stage filter is used. The primary filter removes particles with a diameter greater than 5 μm, and then the medium filter removes particles with a diameter greater than 1 μm. The high-efficiency filter further intercepts tiny particles with a diameter greater than 0.3 μm to ensure that the air used subsequently is clean. As an implementation method, condensation dehumidification is combined with desiccant adsorption to reduce the water content of the air to a dew point temperature of -20°C to prevent water condensation on the membrane surface and affect the membrane performance.

[0037] S2. After the fuel is pressurized by the oil pump, it is atomized into small droplets through the atomizing nozzle and sprayed into the burner.

[0038] Ethylene tar is used as fuel, the pressurized pressure is 0.5MPa, and the particle size of the small droplets is 60μm.

[0039] The calculation formula for the injection flow rate of small droplets is: In the formula, is the heat utilization coefficient, Q m is the injection flow rate of the fuel, LHV is the low calorific value of the fuel, Q1 is the total heat required for heating, Q2 is the heat dissipation stall amount, and Q3 is the heat required for continuous reaction.

[0040] In this embodiment, it should be noted that this embodiment provides a method for adding fuel and a method for calculating the injection flow rate, which can achieve efficient use of fuel and reduce costs on the basis of meeting the combustion temperature.

[0041] S3. The combustion aid is sprayed into the burner in an axial manner, and is fully mixed with the atomized fuel for contact and combustion.

[0042] Among them, the injection speed is controlled at 20m / s.

[0043] In this embodiment, it should be noted that complete combustion occurs in the combustion stage to generate a high-temperature, high-speed flue gas flow, and the oxygen content in the high-temperature, high-speed flue gas flow is higher than the oxygen content in the existing flue gas.

[0044] S4. Monitor the combustion temperature in real time and adjust and control the combustion temperature.

[0045] The combustion temperature is monitored by installing thermocouple thermometers at different positions in the burner and obtaining the average temperature of each thermocouple thermometer as the monitored combustion temperature.

[0046] The combustion temperature is adjusted to be controlled at 1900°C.

[0047] In this embodiment, it should be noted that by real-time monitoring of the internal temperature of the burner, the combustion temperature can be adjusted in time when the temperature deviates, to ensure that the fuel is quickly gasified and incompletely burned and cracked to produce carbon black, thereby increasing the output of carbon black.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] This embodiment provides a process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. Prepare a combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is a mixture of a first gas and a second gas.

[0051] The preparation process of the combustion improver is as follows:

[0052] The air is filtered through a primary filter to remove particles larger than 5 μm, then filtered through a medium filter to remove particles larger than 1 μm, and then filtered through a high efficiency filter to further intercept tiny particles larger than 0.3 μm to obtain pre-treated air.

[0053] Reduce the moisture content of the pre-treated air to a dew point temperature of -19°C;

[0054] Maintain the air side pressure at 0.4MPa and the permeate side pressure at 0.2MPa, and use the oxygen permeation formula to control the oxygen permeation rate. The oxygen permeation formula is: Where J is the flux of oxygen permeating through the membrane, ΔP is the partial pressure difference of oxygen on both sides of the membrane, P is the permeability coefficient of oxygen in the membrane material, and δ is the thickness of the membrane;

[0055] Obtaining a first gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% in the air and a second gas having an oxygen concentration of 21% in the air;

[0056] The obtained first gas and second gas are mixed to obtain a combustion aid.

[0057] Furthermore, the mixing volume ratio of the first gas to the second gas is 0.03:1.

[0058] In this embodiment, it should be noted that a multi-stage filter is used. The primary filter removes particles with a diameter greater than 5 μm, and then the medium filter removes particles with a diameter greater than 1 μm. The high-efficiency filter further intercepts tiny particles with a diameter greater than 0.3 μm to ensure that the air used subsequently is clean. As an implementation method, condensation dehumidification is combined with desiccant adsorption to reduce the water content of the air to a dew point temperature of -19°C to prevent water condensation on the membrane surface and affect the membrane performance.

[0059] S2. After the fuel is pressurized by the oil pump, it is atomized into small droplets through the atomizing nozzle and sprayed into the burner.

[0060] Ethylene tar is used as fuel, the pressurized pressure is 1MPa, and the particle size of the small droplets is 120μm.

[0061] The calculation formula for the injection flow rate of small droplets is: In the formula, is the heat utilization coefficient, Q m is the injection flow rate of the fuel, LHV is the low calorific value of the fuel, Q1 is the total heat required for heating, Q2 is the heat dissipation stall amount, and Q3 is the heat required for continuous reaction.

[0062] In this embodiment, it should be noted that this embodiment provides a method for adding fuel and a method for calculating the injection flow rate, which can achieve efficient use of fuel and reduce costs on the basis of meeting the combustion temperature.

[0063] S3. The combustion aid is sprayed into the burner in an axial manner, and is fully mixed with the atomized fuel for contact and combustion.

[0064] Among them, the injection speed is controlled at 25m / s.

[0065] In this embodiment, it should be noted that complete combustion occurs in the combustion stage to generate a high-temperature, high-speed flue gas flow, and the oxygen content in the high-temperature, high-speed flue gas flow is higher than the oxygen content in the existing flue gas.

[0066] S4. Monitor the combustion temperature in real time and adjust and control the combustion temperature.

[0067] The combustion temperature is monitored by installing thermocouple thermometers at different positions in the burner and obtaining the average temperature of each thermocouple thermometer as the monitored combustion temperature.

[0068] The combustion temperature is controlled at 1950°C.

[0069] In this embodiment, it should be noted that by real-time monitoring of the internal temperature of the burner, the combustion temperature can be adjusted in time when the temperature deviates, to ensure that the fuel is quickly gasified and incompletely burned and cracked to produce carbon black, thereby increasing the output of carbon black.

[0070] Embodiment 3:

[0071] This embodiment provides a process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. Prepare a combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is a mixture of a first gas and a second gas.

[0073] The preparation process of the combustion improver is as follows:

[0074] The air is filtered through a primary filter to remove particles larger than 5 μm, then filtered through a medium filter to remove particles larger than 1 μm, and then filtered through a high efficiency filter to further intercept tiny particles larger than 0.3 μm to obtain pre-treated air.

[0075] Reduce the moisture content of the pre-treated air to a dew point temperature of -18°C;

[0076] Maintain the air side pressure at 0.6MPa and the permeate side pressure at 0.2MPa, and use the oxygen permeation formula to control the oxygen permeation rate. The oxygen permeation formula is: Where J is the flux of oxygen permeating through the membrane, ΔP is the partial pressure difference of oxygen on both sides of the membrane, P is the permeability coefficient of oxygen in the membrane material, and δ is the thickness of the membrane;

[0077] Obtaining a first gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% in the air and a second gas having an oxygen concentration of 21% in the air;

[0078] The obtained first gas and second gas are mixed to obtain a combustion aid.

[0079] Furthermore, the mixing volume ratio of the first gas to the second gas is 0.03:1.

[0080] In this embodiment, it should be noted that a multi-stage filter is used. The primary filter removes particles with a diameter greater than 5 μm, and then the medium filter removes particles with a diameter greater than 1 μm. The high-efficiency filter further intercepts tiny particles with a diameter greater than 0.3 μm to ensure that the air used subsequently is clean. As an implementation method, condensation dehumidification is combined with desiccant adsorption to reduce the water content of the air to a dew point temperature of -18°C to prevent water condensation on the membrane surface and affect the membrane performance.

[0081] S2. After the fuel is pressurized by the oil pump, it is atomized into small droplets through the atomizing nozzle and sprayed into the burner.

[0082] Ethylene tar is used as fuel, the pressurized pressure is 1.5MPa, and the particle size of the small droplets is 180μm.

[0083] The calculation formula for the injection flow rate of small droplets is: In the formula, is the heat utilization coefficient, Q m is the injection flow rate of the fuel, LHV is the low calorific value of the fuel, Q1 is the total heat required for heating, Q2 is the heat dissipation stall amount, and Q3 is the heat required for continuous reaction.

[0084] In this embodiment, it should be noted that this embodiment provides a method for adding fuel and a method for calculating the injection flow rate, which can achieve efficient use of fuel and reduce costs on the basis of meeting the combustion temperature.

[0085] S3. The combustion aid is sprayed into the burner in an axial manner, and is fully mixed with the atomized fuel for contact and combustion.

[0086] Among them, the injection speed is controlled at 30m / s.

[0087] In this embodiment, it should be noted that complete combustion occurs in the combustion stage to generate a high-temperature, high-speed flue gas flow, and the oxygen content in the high-temperature, high-speed flue gas flow is higher than the oxygen content in the existing flue gas.

[0088] S4. Monitor the combustion temperature in real time and adjust and control the combustion temperature.

[0089] The combustion temperature is monitored by installing thermocouple thermometers at different positions in the burner and obtaining the average temperature of each thermocouple thermometer as the monitored combustion temperature.

[0090] The combustion temperature is adjusted to be controlled at 2000°C.

[0091] In this embodiment, it should be noted that by real-time monitoring of the internal temperature of the burner, the combustion temperature can be adjusted in time when the temperature deviates, to ensure that the fuel is quickly gasified and incompletely burned and cracked to produce carbon black, thereby increasing the output of carbon black.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0093] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The process technology of increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. preparing a combustion improver, wherein the combustion improver is formed by mixing a first gas and a second gas; S2, after the fuel is pressurized by the oil pump, it is atomized into small droplets through the atomizing nozzle and sprayed into the burner; S3, spraying the combustion aid into the burner in an axial manner, and fully mixing with the atomized fuel to contact and burn; S4. Monitor the combustion temperature in real time and adjust and control the combustion temperature.

2. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the preparation process of the combustion improver is as follows: The air is filtered through a primary filter to remove particles larger than 5 μm, then filtered through a medium filter to remove particles larger than 1 μm, and then filtered through a high efficiency filter to further intercept tiny particles larger than 0.3 μm to obtain pre-treated air. Reduce the moisture content of the pre-treated air to a dew point temperature of -20°C to -18°C; Maintain the air side pressure at 0.3-0.6MPa, the permeate side pressure at 0.1-0.2MPa, and use the oxygen permeation formula to control the oxygen permeation rate. The oxygen permeation formula is: Where J is the flux of oxygen permeating through the membrane, ΔP is the partial pressure difference of oxygen on both sides of the membrane, P is the permeability coefficient of oxygen in the membrane material, and δ is the thickness of the membrane; Obtaining a first gas having an oxygen concentration of 80% in the air and a second gas having an oxygen concentration of 21% in the air; The obtained first gas and second gas are mixed to obtain a combustion aid.

3. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mixing volume ratio of the first gas to the second gas is 0.02-0.03:

1.

4. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S2, the fuel is ethylene tar, the pressurized pressure is 0.5-1.5 MPa, and the particle size of the small droplets is 60-180 μm.

5. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the injection flow rate of the small droplets is calculated as follows: In the formula, is the heat utilization coefficient, Q m is the injection flow rate of the fuel, LHV is the low calorific value of the fuel, Q1 is the total heat required for heating, Q2 is the heat dissipation stall amount, and Q3 is the heat required for continuous reaction.

6. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S3, the injection speed is controlled at 20-30 m / s.

7. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the combustion temperature is monitored by installing thermocouple thermometers at different positions in the burner, and obtaining the average temperature of each thermocouple thermometer as the monitored combustion temperature.

8. The process technology for increasing carbon black production by oxygen-enriched combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S4, the combustion temperature is adjusted to control the combustion temperature within a range of 1900-2000°C.

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