TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rapid tunneling device and tunneling method

Abstract

The invention relates to a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) rapid tunneling device which comprises a cutter head, rapid tunneling equipment, a rock block transportation crawler belt, a power control system, a clamp holder and tunnel laying equipment, a plurality of quick tunneling devices are sequentially arranged around the center of the cutterhead along the outer edge of the cutterhead, and hobs and scrapers are arranged on the front side surface of the cutterhead; the rock block conveying crawler belt is arranged on the rear side of the cutter head and used for conveying broken stone blocks cut by the cutter head. The power control system is arranged on the rear side of the cutterhead and used for pushing the cutterhead to advance towards the tunnel face. The clamp holder is arranged on the rear side of the cutter head and is used for supporting the rapid tunneling device; and the tunnel laying equipment is arranged on the rear side of the cutter head and used for laying the primary lining tiles. The method has the beneficial effects that the problems that the TBM cannot be suitable for tunneling of stratums such as soft rocks and softer rocks, and the cutterhead of the TBM is very easy to wear and needs to be frequently replaced are solved, so that the construction efficiency is improved, and the economic cost and the time cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a TBM fast tunneling device and a tunneling method. Background Art

[0002] A large number of deep-buried long and hard rock tunnel (group) projects have been bred in the difficult and complex mountainous areas in western my country. Faced with deep-buried long and hard rock tunnel projects in difficult and complex mountainous areas, traditional mining blasting methods face problems such as slow construction speed, high labor intensity, and low safety assurance. In order to solve the above long and long tunnel construction problems, the importance of TBM construction in tunnel construction has become increasingly apparent and its application has become more and more extensive. The length of TBM single-head continuous excavation has exceeded 20km. However, there are two problems with the TBM method: ① The existing TBM excavation device is easy to get stuck in soft rock and relatively soft rock formations, making it difficult to carry out soft rock or relatively soft rock tunnel excavation normally, which seriously affects the excavation efficiency of the TBM excavation device and easily causes the TBM excavation device to be trapped; ② In high-hard rock tunnels such as granite and diorite, the cutterhead is very easy to wear and needs to be replaced frequently, resulting in low efficiency of the tunnel boring machine and greatly increasing the economic cost and time cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a TBM rapid excavation device and excavation method to solve the problems that TBM is not suitable for excavation in soft rock, relatively soft rock and other strata, and that the TBM cutterhead is extremely easy to wear and needs to be replaced frequently, thereby improving construction efficiency and reducing economic and time costs.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A TBM rapid excavation device comprises a cutterhead, rapid excavation equipment, rock transport crawler, power control system, clamp and tunnel laying equipment; a plurality of rapid excavation equipment are arranged in sequence around the center of the cutterhead on the outer edge of the cutterhead, and a roller cutter and a scraper are arranged on the front side of the cutterhead; the rock transport crawler is arranged at the rear side of the cutterhead for transporting the broken stones cut by the cutterhead; the power control system is arranged at the rear side of the cutterhead for pushing the cutterhead to advance toward the tunnel face; the clamp is arranged at the rear side of the cutterhead for supporting the rapid excavation device; the tunnel laying equipment is arranged at the rear side of the cutterhead for laying primary lining tiles.

[0006] Furthermore, the rapid excavation equipment includes a tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit, a liquefied lithium device, a hydrogen energy power device, a spiral structure, a rotating fixed joint, a rotating gear and a heat conduction system. The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit, the liquefied lithium device and the hydrogen energy power device are arranged in sequence. The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit is a conical structure. The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit is arranged on the front side of the cutter disc, the rotating gear is arranged on the outer side of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit, the bottom of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit is connected to the liquefied lithium device through a rotating fixed joint, the spiral structure is arranged on the side of the rotating fixed joint close to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the liquefied lithium device is connected to the hydrogen energy power device through a heat conduction system with heat conduction performance.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of roller cutters are provided on the front side of the cutter disc, and the plurality of roller cutters are arranged in sequence around the center of the cutter disc, and the roller cutters are arranged along the radial direction of the cutter disc.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple scraper groups are provided on the front side of the cutter disc, and the multiple scraper groups are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the cutter disc. Each scraper group includes multiple scrapers arranged in sequence around the center of the cutter disc. The scraper is in the shape of a plowshare, and the tip of the scraper is connected to the cutter disc through a number of rotating support columns.

[0009] Furthermore, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc, and the rock transport crawler is connected to the slag outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the power control system includes a propulsion jack, a propulsion cylinder and an independent hydraulic rod. Four propulsion jacks and propulsion cylinders matching the propulsion jacks are arranged on the rear side of the cutter disc. The front end of the propulsion cylinder is connected to the rear side of the cutter disc through an independent hydraulic rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamp includes a telescopic fixed support column and a brake pad, and the brake pad is arranged at both ends of the telescopic fixed support column.

[0012] Furthermore, the tunnel laying equipment includes a mechanical arm, which is used to fix the primary lining tiles around the tunnel face.

[0013] Furthermore, a cooling system is provided on the outside of the TBM rapid excavation device.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the above-mentioned TBM rapid excavation device, the present invention also provides an excavation method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. Move the TBM rapid excavation device to the front of the tunnel face and check whether the TBM rapid excavation device is operating normally.

[0016] S2. Start the rapid excavation equipment. The liquefied lithium device transfers heat to the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit through the heat conduction system, so that the temperature of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit quickly rises to 400℃~700℃. Then the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit drills into the tunnel face until the cutter head contacts the surrounding rock of the tunnel face.

[0017] S3. When the cutterhead comes into contact with the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, the cutterhead is started, and the surrounding rock of the tunnel face is cut by the cooperation of the roller cutter and the scraper, and tunnel excavation begins.

[0018] S4. After the tunnel is excavated to the tunnel engineering area of ​​hard rock, soft rock or relatively soft rock, the excavation work is terminated and the TBM rapid excavation device stops operating.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention combines a tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit with a tunnel boring cutter disc, transfers heat from a liquefied lithium device to the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit through a hydrogen energy power device, and utilizes a high-temperature, high-speed rotating tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit to quickly excavate rock mass, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the TBM rapid excavation device, and can effectively reduce the wear of the cutter disc, shorten the construction period and save costs.

[0021] 2. The present invention fixes the roller cutter on the rotating shaft and the scraper on the rotating support column, thereby ensuring the destructive power of the roller cutter and the scraper on the rock mass of the tunnel surrounding rock face in front, improving the excavation speed and efficiency of the TBM rapid excavation device, and reducing the wear of the roller cutter and the scraper, thereby increasing the service life of the roller cutter and the scraper.

[0022] 3. The present invention can effectively drill the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit into the front rock mass and squeeze it to both sides of the tunnel wall through the spiral structure in the rapid excavation equipment. It is not only suitable for hard rocks such as granite and diorite, but also can improve the stability of soft rock and relatively soft rock tunnels themselves, and can be effectively used for soft rock and relatively soft rock tunnel TBM rapid and safe excavation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the rapid excavation equipment in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the cutter head in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the cutter head and the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the knife disc and the scraper in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Tunnel surrounding rock; 2. Cutterhead; 21. Hob; 22. Scraper; 23. Rotating support column; 3. Rapid excavation equipment; 31. Tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit; 32. Liquefied lithium device; 33. Hydrogen energy power device; 34. Spiral structure; 35. Rotating fixed joint; 36. Rotating gear; 37. Heat transfer system; 4. Rock block transport crawler; 5. Power control system; 51. Propulsion jack; 52. Propulsion cylinder; 53. Independent hydraulic rod; 6. Clamp; 61. Telescopic fixed support column; 62. Brake pad; 7. Tunnel laying equipment; 71. Robotic arm; 72. Primary lining tile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a TBM rapid excavation device includes a cutter head 2, a rapid excavation device 3, a rock transport crawler 4, a power control system 5, a clamp 6 and a tunnel laying device 7. A plurality of rapid excavation devices 3 are sequentially arranged around the center of the cutter disc 2 on the outer edge thereof, a roller cutter 21 and a scraper 22 are arranged on the front side of the cutter disc 2, and the rapid excavation device 3 is used to enable the cutter disc 2 to quickly drill into the tunnel face in advance, and then cut the tunnel surrounding rock 1 on the face by means of the roller cutter 21 and the scraper 22; a rock transport crawler 4 is arranged at the rear side of the cutter disc 2, and a plurality of slag outlets are arranged at the bottom of the cutter disc 2, and the rock transport crawler 4 is connected to the slag outlets, and then used to transport the crushed stones formed by the cutter disc 2 cutting the surrounding rock; a power control system 5 is arranged at the rear side of the cutter disc 2, and is used to push the cutter disc 2 to advance toward the tunnel face; a clamp 6 is arranged at the rear side of the cutter disc 2, and is used to support the rapid excavation device 3; a tunnel laying device 7 is arranged at the rear side of the cutter disc 2, and is used to lay the initial lining tile 72.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the rapid excavation equipment 3 includes a tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31, a liquefied lithium device 32, a hydrogen energy power device 33, a spiral structure 34, a rotating fixed joint 35, a rotating gear 36 and a heat conduction system 37. The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31, the liquefied lithium device 32 and the hydrogen energy power device 33 are arranged in sequence, the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 is a conical structure, the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 is fixed to the front side of the cutter head 2, the rotating gear 36 is arranged on the outer side of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31, the bottom of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 is connected to the liquefied lithium device 32 through a rotating fixed joint 35, the spiral structure 34 is arranged on the side of the rotating fixed joint 35 close to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the liquefied lithium device 32 is connected to the hydrogen energy power device 33 through a heat conduction system 37 with heat conduction performance. When the power control system 5 pushes the cutter head 2 toward the tunnel face, the hydrogen energy power device 33 transfers the heat from the liquefied lithium device 32 to the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31, thereby heating up the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31. Then, driven by the cutter head 2, the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 uses the high temperature to rotate rapidly and drill into the surrounding rock of the face, thereby improving the excavation efficiency.

[0032] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of roller cutters 21 are installed on the front side of the cutter disc 2, and the plurality of roller cutters 21 are arranged in sequence around the center of the cutter disc 2, and the roller cutters 21 are arranged along the radial direction of the cutter disc 2; a plurality of groups of scraper cutters 22 are provided on the front side of the cutter disc 2, and the plurality of groups of scraper cutters 22 are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the cutter disc 2, and each group of scraper cutters 22 includes a plurality of scraper cutters 22 arranged in sequence around the center of the cutter disc 2, and the scraper cutters 22 are in the shape of a plowshare, and the tips of the scraper cutters 22 are connected to the cutter disc 2 through a plurality of rotating support columns 23.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the power control system 5 includes a thrust jack 51, a thrust cylinder 52 and an independent hydraulic rod 53. Four thrust jacks 51 and a thrust cylinder 52 matched with the thrust jacks 51 are arranged on the rear side of the cutter disc 2. The front end of the thrust cylinder 52 is connected to the rear side of the cutter disc 2 through an independent hydraulic rod 53, so that the independent hydraulic rod 53 can control the forward direction and angle of the TBM rapid excavation device by telescoping.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the clamp 6 includes a telescopic fixed support column 61 and a brake pad 62 , and the brake pad 62 is arranged at both ends of the telescopic fixed support column 61 .

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel laying equipment 7 includes a mechanical arm 71, and the mechanical arm 71 is used to fix the initial lining tiles 72 around the tunnel face.

[0036] In addition, a cooling system is provided on the outside of the TBM rapid excavation device, which can use liquid nitrogen, liquid carbon dioxide or water cooling to cool the TBM rapid excavation device.

[0037] When excavating a tunnel by means of the above-mentioned TBM rapid excavation device, the following steps are included:

[0038] S1. Move the TBM rapid excavation device to the front of the tunnel face and check whether the TBM rapid excavation device is operating normally.

[0039] S2. Start the rapid excavation equipment 3. The liquefied lithium device 32 transfers heat to the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 through the heat conduction system 37, so that the temperature of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 is quickly increased to 400°C to 700°C. Then, the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 drills into the tunnel face until the cutter head 2 contacts the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, and then the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 that rotates at high temperature and high speed to cut rock is used to quickly excavate the surrounding rock of the tunnel face.

[0040] S3. When the cutterhead 2 comes into contact with the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, the cutterhead 2 is started, and the surrounding rock of the tunnel face is cut by the cooperation between the roller cutter 21 and the scraper 22, and tunnel excavation begins.

[0041] S4. After the tunnel is excavated to the tunnel engineering area of ​​hard rock, soft rock or relatively soft rock, the excavation work is terminated and the TBM rapid excavation device stops operating.

[0042] Through the TBM rapid excavation device and the corresponding excavation method of the present invention, the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 and the tunnel excavation cutter disc 22 are combined, and the liquefied lithium device 32 is heat-transferred to the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 through the hydrogen energy power device 33, and the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 that rotates at high temperature and high speed to cut rock is used to quickly excavate the rock mass, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the TBM rapid excavation device; the roller cutter 21 is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the scraper 22 is fixed on the rotating support column 23, so that the destructive force of the roller cutter 21 and the scraper 22 on the rock mass of the tunnel face 11 in the front tunnel can be ensured, and the wear of the roller cutter 21 and the scraper 22 can be reduced; through the spiral structure 34 in the rapid excavation equipment 33, the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit 31 can be effectively drilled into the front rock mass and squeezed to both sides of the tunnel wall, which is not only applicable to hard rocks such as granite, diorite, and basalt, but also can improve the stability of soft rock and relatively soft rock tunnels themselves, and can be effectively applicable to soft rock and relatively soft rock tunnel TBM rapid and safe excavation.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A TBM rapid excavation device, characterized in that: include: A cutter disc (2) and a rapid excavation device (3), wherein a plurality of rapid excavation devices (3) are sequentially arranged on the outer edge of the cutter disc (2) and around the center of the cutter disc (2), and a roller (21) and a scraper (22) are arranged on the front side of the cutter disc (2); A rock transport crawler (4), which is arranged at the rear side of the cutter disc (2) and is used to transport the broken rocks cut by the cutter disc (2); A power control system (5), which is arranged at the rear side of the cutter head (2) and is used to push the cutter head (2) toward the tunnel face; A clamp (6), the clamp (6) being arranged at the rear side of the cutter head (2) and being used for supporting the fast excavation equipment (3); The tunnel laying device (7) is arranged at the rear side of the cutter head (2) and is used for laying the primary lining tiles (72).

2. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rapid excavation equipment (3) comprises a tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31), a liquefied lithium device (32), a hydrogen energy power device (33), a spiral structure (34), a rotating fixed joint (35), a rotating gear (36) and a heat conduction system (37). The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31), the liquefied lithium device (32) and the hydrogen energy power device (33) are arranged in sequence. The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31) is a conical structure. The tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31) is arranged on the front side of the cutter head (2). The rotating gear (36) is arranged on the outer side of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31). The bottom of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31) is connected to the liquefied lithium device (32) through the rotating fixed joint (35). The spiral structure (34) is arranged on the side of the rotating fixed joint (35) close to the inner wall of the tunnel. The liquefied lithium device (32) is connected to the hydrogen energy power device (33) through the heat conduction system (37) with heat conduction performance.

3. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of roller cutters (21) are arranged on the front side of the cutter disc (2). The plurality of roller cutters (21) are arranged in sequence around the center of the cutter disc (2), and the roller cutters (21) are arranged along the radial direction of the cutter disc (2).

4. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of scraper blades (22) are arranged on the front side of the cutter disc (2). The plurality of scraper blades (22) are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the cutter disc (2). Each scraper blade (22) comprises a plurality of scrapers (22) arranged in sequence around the center of the cutter disc (2). The scrapers (22) are in the shape of plowshares. The tips of the scrapers (22) are connected to the cutter disc (2) via a plurality of rotating support columns (23).

5. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc (2), and the rock transport crawler is connected to the slag outlet.

6. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power control system (5) comprises a propulsion jack (51), a propulsion cylinder (52) and an independent hydraulic rod (53). Four propulsion jacks (51) and propulsion cylinders (52) matched with the propulsion jacks (51) are arranged on the rear side of the cutter disc (2). The front end of the propulsion cylinder (52) is connected to the rear side of the cutter disc (2) through the independent hydraulic rod (53).

7. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (6) comprises a telescopic fixed support column (61) and a brake pad (62), wherein the brake pad (62) is arranged at both ends of the telescopic fixed support column (61).

8. A TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel laying equipment (7) comprises a mechanical arm (71), and the mechanical arm (71) is used to fix the primary lining tiles (72) around the tunnel face.

9. The insecticide method for a TBM rapid excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling system is provided on the outside of the TBM rapid excavation device.

10. A tunneling method for a TBM fast tunneling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Move the TBM fast excavation device to the front of the tunnel face and check whether the TBM fast excavation device is operating normally; S2, starting the rapid excavation equipment (3), the liquefied lithium device (32) transfers heat to the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31) through the heat conduction system (37), so that the temperature of the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31) is quickly increased to 400° C. to 700° C., and then the tungsten-titanium alloy drill bit (31) is used to drill into the tunnel face until the cutter head (2) contacts the surrounding rock of the tunnel face; S3, when the cutterhead (2) comes into contact with the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, the cutterhead (2) is started, and the surrounding rock of the tunnel face is cut by the cooperation between the roller cutter (21) and the scraper (22), and tunnel excavation begins; S4. After the tunnel is excavated to the tunnel engineering area of ​​hard rock, soft rock or relatively soft rock, the excavation work is terminated and the TBM rapid excavation device is stopped.

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