Method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under walnut forest

Abstract

The invention provides a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) soaking forage grass seeds in warm water and a selenium solution in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds; (2) mixing the pretreated pasture seeds obtained in the step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated pasture seeds; and (3) mixing the pasture seeds subjected to coating treatment obtained in the step (2) with crushed walnut leaves, and then sowing the mixture under a walnut forest. According to the method, the grass seeds are pretreated and coated in the warm water and the selenium solution, so that the germination performance and the growth performance of the grass seeds can be remarkably improved. In addition, before the grass seeds are sown, the grass seeds are mixed with the crushed walnut leaves, the crushed walnut leaves can provide appropriate environmental conditions and nutrient substances for germination of the grass seeds, and the yield of the grass can be further increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest. Background Art

[0002] Yunnan is one of the main walnut producing areas, and its walnut production ranks among the top. However, the current development of the walnut industry still faces problems such as mixed walnut varieties, low purity of improved varieties, high planting density, inadequate pest and disease control, difficult harvesting, and lagging deep processing technology research and development, which leads to low walnut fruiting rate and low yield, seriously affecting the enthusiasm of fruit farmers to plant.

[0003] Planting forage grass under walnut forests can effectively utilize land resources, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and the growth of weeds, increase the output value per unit area and the yield of forage under the forest. It not only does not affect the normal growth and development of walnuts, but also provides feed raw materials for the development of animal husbandry and solves the problem of forage shortage.

[0004] There is no unified technical standard for planting forage grass under walnut forests. Therefore, in order to increase the economic income under the forests in walnut planting areas and promote the development of local animal husbandry, it is necessary to provide a method for planting forage grass under walnut forests to increase the industry's economic income and the enthusiasm of fruit farmers to plant. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, thereby increasing the economic income of the walnut industry and providing forage for the development of animal husbandry.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution in sequence and then drying them to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0009] (2) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage grass seeds;

[0010] (3) Mixing the coated grass seeds obtained in step (2) with crushed walnut leaves and scattering them under the walnut forest.

[0011] Preferably, the forage seeds in step (1) are seeds of orchardgrass, ryegrass and white clover, and the mass ratio of orchardgrass seeds, ryegrass seeds and white clover seeds is 70-80:15-25:3-7.

[0012] Preferably, the variety of the orchard grass is Denata or Amba, the variety of the ryegrass is Madi, and the variety of the white clover is Mac.

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the forage grass seeds are first soaked in warm water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaked in a selenium solution for 6 to 10 hours; the temperature of the warm water is 40 to 50° C., and the concentration of the selenium solution is 7 to 9 mg / L.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the pretreated forage seeds and the coating agent when mixed in step (2) is 4-6:0.8-1.2.

[0015] Preferably, the coating agent in step (2) comprises a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water, and the mass ratio of the nutrient, the water-retaining agent, the binder, the film-forming agent and water is 8-12:1.5-2.5:1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2:80-120.

[0016] Preferably, the nutrient comprises polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-7:0.8-1.2; the water retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide; the adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0017] Preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of the coated grass seeds and the crushed walnut leaves when mixed is 8-12:30-50.

[0018] Preferably, the crushed walnut leaves in step (3) are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves and piling them for 25 to 35 days.

[0019] Preferably, the sowing time in step (3) is from August to October, and 20 to 30 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention can significantly improve the germination performance and growth performance of the forage grass seeds by pretreating and coating the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution. The present invention also mixes the forage grass seeds with crushed walnut leaves before sowing the forage grass seeds. The crushed walnut leaves can provide suitable environmental conditions and nutrients for the germination of the forage grass seeds, which is conducive to further improving the yield of forage grass. The method of the present invention is conducive to improving the utilization rate of the land under the walnut forest, providing sufficient forage for the development of animal husbandry, and has good application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention provides a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0023] (1) soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution in sequence and then drying them to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0024] (2) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage grass seeds;

[0025] (3) Mixing the coated grass seeds obtained in step (2) with crushed walnut leaves and scattering them under the walnut forest.

[0026] In the present invention, the forage seeds in step (1) are seeds of orchard grass, ryegrass and white clover, and the mass ratio of orchard grass seeds, ryegrass seeds and white clover seeds is 70-80:15-25:3-7, preferably 72-78:18-22:4-6, and more preferably 75:20:5.

[0027] In the present invention, the variety of the orchard grass is Denata or Amba, the variety of the ryegrass is Maidi, and the variety of the white clover is Mike.

[0028] In the present invention, in step (1), the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaked in a selenium solution for 6 to 10 hours. Preferably, the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 18 to 22 minutes, and then soaked in the selenium solution for 7 to 9 hours. More preferably, the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 20 minutes, and then soaked in the selenium solution for 8 hours. The temperature of the warm water is 40 to 50°C, preferably 42 to 48°C, more preferably 44 to 46°C, and more preferably 45°C. The concentration of the selenium solution is 7 to 9 mg / L, preferably 7.5 to 8.5 mg / L, and more preferably 8 mg / L.

[0029] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the pretreated forage seeds and the coating agent when mixed in step (2) is 4-6:0.8-1.2, preferably 4.5-5.5:0.9-1.1, and more preferably 5:1.

[0030] In the present invention, the coating agent in step (2) includes a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water, and the mass ratio of the nutrient, water-retaining agent, binder, film-forming agent and water is 8-12: 1.5-2.5: 1.5-2.5: 0.8-1.2: 80-120, preferably 9-11: 1.8-2.2: 1.8-2.2: 0.9-1.1: 90-110, and more preferably 10: 2: 2: 1: 100.

[0031] In the present invention, the nutrient comprises polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-7:0.8-1.2, preferably 5.5-6.5:0.9-1.1, and further preferably 6:1; the water retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide; the adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0032] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the coated grass seeds and the crushed walnut leaves when mixed in step (3) is 8-12:30-50, preferably 9-11:35-45, and more preferably 10:40.

[0033] In the present invention, the crushed walnut leaves in step (3) are obtained after the walnut leaves are crushed and piled for 25 to 35 days, and the crushed walnut leaves are preferably obtained after the walnut leaves are crushed and piled for 28 to 32 days, and the crushed walnut leaves are preferably obtained after the walnut leaves are crushed and piled for 30 days.

[0034] In the present invention, it is preferred that the walnut leaves are crushed to a particle size of 0.8 to 1.2 cm, more preferably the walnut leaves are crushed to a particle size of 0.9 to 1.1 cm, and even more preferably the walnut leaves are crushed to a particle size of 1 cm.

[0035] In the present invention, the sowing time in step (3) is from August to October, preferably in September; 20 to 30 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter, preferably 22 to 28 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter, further preferably 24 to 26 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter, and more preferably 25 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The seeds of Duckgrass, Ryegrass and White Clover used in the following examples were purchased from Beijing Zhengdao Seed Co., Ltd.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (1) Mixing seeds of Duckgrass (Amba), Lolium perenne (Maidi) and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 70:15:3 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0040] (2) adding the forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) into warm water at a temperature of 40° C. with a mass of 10 times that of the forage grass seeds and soaking for 15 minutes, then placing them in a selenium solution with a concentration of 7 mg / L with a mass of 5 times that of the forage grass seeds and soaking for 6 hours, then taking them out and drying them at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0041] (3) mixing a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water in a mass ratio of 10:2:2:1:100 to obtain a coating agent; wherein the nutrient is polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 5:1; the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide; the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol;

[0042] (4) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (2) and the coating agent obtained in step (3) in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain coated forage grass seeds;

[0043] (5) In September, the coated grass seeds obtained in step (4) are mixed with crushed walnut leaves in a mass ratio of 10:40 and then sown under the walnut forest, with 25 g of the coated grass seeds per square meter, and the circumferential distance from the trunk of the walnut tree during sowing is greater than 1 meter;

[0044] The crushed walnut leaves are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves into particles with a diameter of 1 cm and then piling them for 30 days.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0047] (1) Mixing seeds of Dactylum glomerata (Denatha), Lolium perenne (Maidi) and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 80:25:7 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0048] (2) adding the forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) into warm water at a temperature of 50° C. with a mass of 10 times that of the forage grass seeds and soaking for 25 minutes, then placing them in a selenium solution with a concentration of 9 mg / L with a mass of 5 times that of the forage grass seeds and soaking for 10 hours, then taking them out and drying them at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0049] (3) mixing a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water in a mass ratio of 10:2:2:1:100 to obtain a coating agent; wherein the nutrient is polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 7:1; the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate; the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol;

[0050] (4) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (2) and the coating agent obtained in step (3) in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain coated forage grass seeds;

[0051] (5) In September, the coated grass seeds obtained in step (4) are mixed with crushed walnut leaves in a mass ratio of 10:40 and then sown under the walnut forest, with 25 g of the coated grass seeds per square meter, and the circumferential distance from the trunk of the walnut tree during sowing is greater than 1 meter;

[0052] The crushed walnut leaves are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves into particles with a diameter of 1 cm and then piling them for 30 days.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) Mixing seeds of Duckgrass (Amba), Lolium perenne (Maidi) and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 75:20:5 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0056] (2) adding the forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) into warm water at a temperature of 45° C. with a mass of 10 times that of the forage grass seeds and soaking for 20 minutes, then placing them in a selenium solution with a concentration of 8 mg / L with a mass of 5 times that of the forage grass seeds and soaking for 8 hours, then taking them out and drying them at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0057] (3) mixing a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water in a mass ratio of 10:2:2:1:100 to obtain a coating agent; wherein the nutrient is polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 6:1; the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide; the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol;

[0058] (4) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (2) and the coating agent obtained in step (3) in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain coated forage grass seeds;

[0059] (5) In September, the coated grass seeds obtained in step (4) are mixed with crushed walnut leaves in a mass ratio of 10:40 and then sown under the walnut forest, with 25 g of the coated grass seeds per square meter, and the circumferential distance from the trunk of the walnut tree during sowing is greater than 1 meter;

[0060] The crushed walnut leaves are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves into particles with a diameter of 1 cm and then piling them for 30 days.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in step (2), the forage grass seeds are directly placed in a selenium solution with a concentration of 8 mg / L and a value of 5 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and then taken out and dried at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds, without being soaked in warm water. The remaining steps are the same as Example 3.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the composition of the coating agent nutrient used in step (3) is different. The nutrient used in this comparative example is polyaspartic acid, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in step (5), the coated grass seeds are directly sown under the walnut forest at a dosage of 25 g per square meter without being mixed with the crushed walnut leaves. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 3.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0069] (1) Mixing seeds of Duckgrass (Amba), Lolium perenne (Maidi) and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 75:20:5 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0070] (2) Sowing the forage grass seeds obtained in step (2) at a dosage of 20 g per square meter under the walnut forest, with the circumferential distance from the trunk of the walnut tree being greater than 1 meter during sowing.

[0071] Test example

[0072] Walnut forests with walnut trees over 6 years old were selected and divided into 21 plots with an area of ​​30 m 2 The plots were planted with forage grass according to the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, respectively. Each treatment was repeated 3 times for a total of three years.

[0073] When the height of the grass grows to more than 35 cm, it is mowed, and the yield (fresh weight) of the grass obtained by the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in the first, second and third years of planting is counted, and the results are averaged. The statistical results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 Statistical results of forage yield in each treatment group (fresh weight, kg / hm 2 )

[0075] Treatment Group First year production Second year production Third year production Example 1 23053.45 70511.28 68254.92 Example 2 23364.61 70960.67 72061.65 Example 3 23817.08 72504.32 73780.40 Comparative Example 1 21349.87 62701.73 63171.99 Comparative Example 2 22350.13 64672.34 62557.42 Comparative Example 3 21982.75 62068.29 56591.17 Comparative Example 4 17531.34 48936.72 25526.48

[0076] As shown in Table 1, according to the yield of forage in the first year of planting, compared with Comparative Example 4, the yield of forage obtained by Examples 1 to 3 and the method of Comparative Example 3 is significantly improved, indicating that the present invention is conducive to promoting the growth of forage seeds by pre-treating and coating the forage seeds. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the method of adding the forage seeds to warm water for soaking and then adding them to the selenium solution for soaking significantly improves the yield of forage, indicating that the warm water soaking treatment is conducive to breaking the dormancy of the seeds, and is conducive to strengthening the penetration of the selenium solution to the seeds, and further improving the activity of the seeds. Compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 3 also adds chitosan oligosaccharides to the coating agent. The addition of chitosan oligosaccharides can improve the stress resistance of forage seeds, which is conducive to improving the survival rate and growth of seeds. Compared with Comparative Example 3, Example 3 also mixes forage seeds with walnut leaf crushed materials before sowing. The walnut leaf crushed materials can provide nutrition for the germination and growth of forage seeds. At the same time, the walnut leaf crushed materials can also provide a suitable growth environment for the germination of forage seeds, thereby helping to increase the yield of forage. According to the yield of forage grass in the second and third years of planting, the yield of forage grass obtained by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 is much higher than that in the first year. The yield of forage grass in the third year of planting in Comparative Example 4 is significantly lower than that in the second year, indicating that the method of the present invention can not only increase the yield of forage grass planting, but also has a certain degree of effect on improving the soil of walnut forest.

[0077] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution in sequence and then drying them to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds; (2) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage grass seeds; (3) Mixing the coated grass seeds obtained in step (2) with crushed walnut leaves and scattering them under the walnut forest.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The forage seeds described in step (1) are seeds of orchard grass, ryegrass and white clover, and the mass ratio of orchard grass seeds, ryegrass seeds and white clover seeds is 70-80:15-25:3-7.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The variety of the orchard grass is Denata or Amba, the variety of the ryegrass is Madi, and the variety of the white clover is Mike.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), the forage grass seeds are first soaked in warm water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaked in a selenium solution for 6 to 10 hours; the temperature of the warm water is 40 to 50° C., and the concentration of the selenium solution is 7 to 9 mg / L.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the pretreated forage seeds and the coating agent when mixed in step (2) is 4-6:0.8-1.

2.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The coating agent in step (2) comprises a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water, and the mass ratio of the nutrient, the water-retaining agent, the binder, the film-forming agent and the water is 8 to 12: 1.5～2.5：1.5～2.5：0.8～1.2：80～120。 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The nutrient comprises polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, wherein the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-7:0.8-1.2; the water retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide; the adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (3), the mass ratio of the coated grass seeds and the crushed walnut leaves when mixed is 8-12:30-50.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The crushed walnut leaves in step (3) are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves and piling them for 25 to 35 days.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The sowing time in step (3) is from August to October, and 20 to 30 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter.