Circulating type ultrahigh-temperature high-concentration acid gas absorption cooling system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating type ultrahigh-temperature high-concentration acid gas absorption cooling system, and belongs to the technical field of ultrahigh-temperature high-concentration acid gas absorption cooling. The system comprises a spray tower, an electric valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a first acid water pump, a second acid water pump, a heat exchanger, an acid water storage tank and a controller. According to the control method, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the first acid water pump, the second acid water pump, the heat exchanger and the two electric valves are controlled through the controller, so that low-concentration acid water recycling and high-concentration acid water storage are achieved. According to the system, the consumption of cold water is remarkably reduced, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of low-concentration acid water is avoided; according to the control method, seamless switching between two acid water flowing paths can be achieved, and meanwhile production efficiency and environmental protection are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling, and in particular relates to a circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] The ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas emitted by industry is very harmful due to its ultra-high temperature (generally between several hundred degrees Celsius and several thousand degrees Celsius) and high concentration (generally in the tens of percent). Therefore, the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas emitted by industry needs to be absorbed and cooled first (that is, part of the acid gas is dissolved by cooling water and the temperature is greatly reduced), and then acid-base neutralization and water washing are carried out before discharge to the sewage station for treatment. Among them, the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system is the treatment equipment for acid gas absorption and cooling.

[0003] The traditional ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system has the following defects: the high temperature and low concentration acid water generated after the acid gas is sprayed with cooling water in the spray tower is directly discharged, which on the one hand causes a large amount of water resource waste. The water usage in the spray tower can reach 100 tons / day, which is a huge amount. On the other hand, a large amount of high temperature and low concentration acid water will be produced, which will cause a certain degree of pollution to the environment after direct discharge; in addition, after the acid gas is sprayed once in the spray tower, it is discharged to the next level of acid-base neutralization tower. The acid water absorbed by water in the acid gas is less, and the acid water content in the acid gas is still high. Therefore, a large amount of alkaline solutions such as sodium hydroxide are needed in the acid-base neutralization tower for neutralization, which not only increases the cost of alkali solution, but also produces more waste liquid. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system and control method that can significantly reduce water consumption and does not pollute the environment in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system, comprising a spray tower, wherein the upper portion of the spray tower is provided with an air outlet, the middle upper portion is provided with a cooling water pipe, the middle section is provided with an air inlet, and the lower portion is provided with a liquid outlet, a sprayer is provided at a position below the air outlet and above the air inlet in the spray tower, and the sprayer is connected to the cooling water pipe, the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes an electric valve, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a fifth solenoid valve, a sixth solenoid valve, a first acid water pump, a second acid water pump, a heat exchanger, an acid water storage tank and a control A device, a horizontal partition is provided in the spray tower below the air inlet, a vertical partition is provided in the spray tower below the middle of the horizontal partition, the horizontal partition and the vertical partition separate the lower inner cavity of the spray tower into two independent and sealed liquid storage cavities, the upper cavity wall of each liquid storage cavity is provided with a water injection hole, the middle and lower cavity walls are provided with sampling holes, there are two liquid outlets and they are respectively provided on the lower cavity walls of the two liquid storage cavities, the two electric valves are respectively installed on the horizontal partition at the positions corresponding to the two liquid storage cavities and are respectively used to control the two The liquid storage cavity is connected to the space above the transverse partition, one of the liquid outlets is connected to the inlet of the first acid water pump through an acid water pipe and the first solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the first acid water pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the heat exchanger through an acid water pipe and the second solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the first acid water pump is also connected to the liquid inlet of the acid water storage tank through an acid water pipe and the third solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the other liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the second acid water pump through an acid water pipe and the fourth solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, The outlet of the second acid water pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the heat exchanger through an acid water pipe and the fifth solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe. The outlet of the second acid water pump is also connected to the liquid inlet of the acid water storage tank through an acid water pipe and the sixth solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe. The liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water pipe. The electric valve, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second acid water pump and the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the controller accordingly.The above-mentioned electric valve is preferably a butterfly electric valve, the above-mentioned acid water pipe is preferably a polytetrafluoroethylene pipe, and the above-mentioned acid water storage tank is preferably a fiberglass storage tank. All of the above-mentioned components are high temperature and corrosion resistant components. The above-mentioned water injection hole and sampling hole are in a closed state when not in use (the closing method is determined according to actual needs, such as valve closing or hole plug closing, etc.), and are in an open state when in use; the specific method of the above-mentioned electrical connection is: the control input end of the electric valve, the control input end of the first solenoid valve, the control input end of the second solenoid valve, the control input end of the third solenoid valve, the control input end of the fourth solenoid valve, the control input end of the fifth solenoid valve, the control input end of the sixth solenoid valve, the control input end of the first acid water pump, the control input end of the second acid water pump and the control input end of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the control output end of the controller.

[0006] Preferably, in order to improve the acid absorption efficiency and the cooling efficiency to reduce the acid concentration and temperature of the exhaust gas, there are two sprayers and two cooling water pipes, and the two vertically arranged sprayers are respectively connected to the two cooling water pipes.

[0007] Preferably, in order to increase the residence time of the acid gas in the spray tower to further improve the acid absorption efficiency and the cooling efficiency, a first horizontal orifice plate is installed between the two sprayers in the spray tower, and a plurality of vertical air vents are provided on the first orifice plate.

[0008] Preferably, in order to further increase the residence time of the acid gas in the spray tower to further improve the acid absorption efficiency and the cooling efficiency and to dedust the acid gas before sending it to the lower acid-base neutralization tower, a second orifice plate is installed above the sprayer at the upper part of the spray tower, and a plurality of vertical air holes are provided on the second orifice plate, and a "Z"-shaped demister is installed above the second orifice plate.

[0009] Preferably, in order to achieve a good spraying effect, the sprayer includes a spray pipe and a spray head. In each of the sprayers, a plurality of spray heads arranged in sequence in the axial direction of the spray pipe are respectively installed under the spray pipe and are interconnected.

[0010] Preferably, in order to achieve a good heat exchange effect, the heat exchanger is a water-cooled heat exchanger, and the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes a water pump and a water pool, the inlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the water pool, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water cooling inlet of the heat exchanger, the water cooling outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the water pool, and the water pump is connected to the controller correspondingly. The specific connection method is: the control input end of the water pump is connected to the control output end of the controller correspondingly.

[0011] Preferably, in order to further improve the automatic control function, the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes two acid water concentration sensors and two water injection solenoid valves, the outer ends of the two sampling holes are respectively connected to sampling tubes and the acid water concentration sensors are installed on the sampling tubes, the outer ends of the two water injection holes are respectively connected to water injection pipes and the water injection solenoid valves are installed on the water injection pipes, the two acid water concentration sensors and the two water injection solenoid valves are respectively connected to the controller accordingly, and the specific connection method is: the signal output ends of the two acid water concentration sensors and the signal output ends of the two water injection solenoid valves are respectively connected to the signal input ends of the controller accordingly.

[0012] A control method of the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system is used to absorb and cool the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas, comprising the following steps: Step 1, injecting cold water into the two liquid storage cavities to more than half the depth through the two water injection holes, opening the first solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second solenoid valve, the heat exchanger and the first electric valve corresponding to the first solenoid valve through the controller, and closing the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the second acid water pump, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve and the second electric valve corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve through the controller, and sending ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas through the air inlet, and the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas is sent out through the air outlet after passing through the sprayer; Step 2, detecting the acid concentration of the acid water in the liquid storage cavity through the sampling hole on the cavity wall of the first liquid storage cavity corresponding to the first solenoid valve, if the detected acid concentration value is lower than the preset high concentration value, it remains unchanged, if the detected acid concentration value reaches the preset high concentration value, the second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve and the first electric valve are closed by the controller, and the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the second acid water pump, the fifth solenoid valve and the second electric valve are opened by the controller; Step 3, when all the acid water in the first liquid storage cavity is sent into the acid water storage tank, the first solenoid valve, the first acid water pump and the third solenoid valve are closed by the controller, and cold water is injected into the first liquid storage cavity to more than half of its depth through the water injection hole corresponding to the first liquid storage cavity; Step 4, detecting the acid concentration of the acid water in the liquid storage cavity through the sampling hole on the cavity wall of the second liquid storage cavity corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve, if the detected acid concentration value is lower than the preset high concentration value, it remains unchanged, if the detected acid concentration value reaches the preset high concentration value, the fifth solenoid valve and the second electric valve are closed by the controller, and the first solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve and the first electric valve are opened by the controller at the same time; Step 5, when all the acid water in the second liquid storage cavity is sent into the acid water storage tank, the fourth solenoid valve, the second acid water pump and the sixth solenoid valve are closed by the controller, and cold water is injected into the second liquid storage cavity to more than half of its depth through the water injection hole corresponding to the second liquid storage cavity; Step 6, repeat step 2-step 5 until the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling treatment is completed, and close the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second acid water pump, the heat exchanger and the two electric valves through the controller to prepare for the next ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling treatment.

[0013] In step 3 and step 5, the preset high concentration value is a saturation concentration value.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The system of the present invention divides the lower part of the spray tower into two liquid storage cavities, and connects two electric valves, two acid water pumps and six electromagnetic valves to the two liquid storage cavities to form two acid water flow paths, and connects the two acid water flow paths to the heat exchanger and the acid water storage tank to make the two acid water flow paths have the functions of recycling low-concentration acid water to absorb and cool the acid gas when the acid concentration value does not reach the high concentration value, and sending the high-concentration acid water to the acid water storage tank for later treatment when the acid concentration reaches the high concentration value. On the one hand, the amount of cold water used is significantly reduced, and the maximum amount can be reduced from the traditional 100 tons / day is reduced to 2 tons / day, the effect is extremely significant. On the other hand, it avoids the problem of environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of low-concentration acid water; by changing the traditional one sprayer to two sprayers and setting a perforated plate, the residence time of the acid gas in the spray tower and the number of absorption and cooling times are increased, which significantly improves the acid absorption efficiency and cooling efficiency, and the acid water content in the discharged acid gas is significantly reduced. The alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide required in the subsequent acid-base neutralization tower is significantly reduced, which can be reduced from the traditional 120 tons / day to 2 tons / day, which not only reduces the cost of alkali solution, but also reduces waste liquid, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0015] The control method of the present invention can seamlessly switch between two acid water flow paths by effectively controlling two electric valves, two acid water pumps and six solenoid valves, which can not only ensure that production efficiency is not affected, but also deliver all high-concentration acid water into the acid water storage tank, which is beneficial to production efficiency and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1As shown, the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system of the present invention comprises a spray tower 4, an electric valve 13, a first solenoid valve 21, a second solenoid valve 24, a third solenoid valve 25, a fourth solenoid valve 23, a fifth solenoid valve 26, a sixth solenoid valve 27, a first acid water pump 22, a second acid water pump 28, a heat exchanger 15, an acid water storage tank 29 and a controller (not shown in the figure), the spray tower 4 is provided with an air outlet 3 at the top, a cooling water pipe (not marked in the figure, which can be an independent water pipe or a part of the spray pipe 7) at the middle and upper part, an air inlet 1 at the middle section, and a liquid outlet (not marked in the figure), and the spray tower 4 is located below the air outlet 3 and above the air inlet 1. A sprayer is provided at the position (refer to the spray pipe 7 and the spray head 8 in the following content) and the sprayer is connected to the cooling water pipe. A transverse partition 11 is provided at a position below the air inlet 1 in the spray tower 4. A vertical partition 16 is provided at a position below the middle of the transverse partition 11 in the spray tower 4. The transverse partition 11 and the vertical partition 16 separate the lower inner cavity of the spray tower 4 into two independent and sealed liquid storage cavities 14. The upper cavity wall of each liquid storage cavity 14 is provided with a water injection hole 12, and the middle and lower cavity walls are provided with a sampling hole 17. There are two liquid outlets and they are respectively provided on the lower cavity walls of the two liquid storage cavities 14. Two electric valves 13 are respectively installed on the transverse partition 11 and the two 14 The positions corresponding to the liquid storage cavities are respectively used to control the connection and disconnection between the two liquid storage cavities 14 and the space above the transverse partition 11, one of the liquid outlets is connected to the inlet of the first acid water pump 22 through an acid water pipe (not marked in the figure, and the acid water pipes at different positions in all the acid water pipes are not the same acid water pipe) and the first solenoid valve 21 is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the first acid water pump 22 is connected to the liquid inlet of the heat exchanger 15 through the acid water pipe and the second solenoid valve 24 is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the first acid water pump 22 is also connected to the liquid inlet of the acid water storage tank 29 through the acid water pipe and the third solenoid valve 25 is installed on the acid water pipe, and the other liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the second acid water pump 28 The inlet is connected through an acid water pipe and the fourth solenoid valve 23 is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the second acid water pump 28 is connected to the liquid inlet of the heat exchanger 15 through the acid water pipe and the fifth solenoid valve 26 is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the second acid water pump 28 is also connected to the liquid inlet of the acid water storage tank 29 through the acid water pipe and the sixth solenoid valve 27 is installed on the acid water pipe, the liquid outlet of the heat exchanger 15 is connected to the cooling water pipe, and the electric valve 13, the first solenoid valve 21, the second solenoid valve 24, the third solenoid valve 25, the fourth solenoid valve 23, the fifth solenoid valve 26, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the first acid water pump 22, the second acid water pump 28 and the heat exchanger 15 are respectively connected to the controller accordingly.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also discloses the following more optimized specific structures: In order to improve the acid absorption efficiency and the cooling efficiency to reduce the acid concentration and temperature of the exhaust gas, there are two sprayers and two cooling water pipes, and the two vertically arranged sprayers are respectively connected to the two cooling water pipes.

[0019] In order to increase the residence time of the acid gas in the spray tower 4 to further improve the acid absorption efficiency and the cooling efficiency, a horizontal first orifice plate 9 is installed between the two sprayers in the spray tower, and the first orifice plate 9 is provided with a plurality of vertical ventilation holes (not visible in the figure, the hole diameter and hole spacing are determined according to actual needs).

[0020] In order to further increase the residence time of the acid gas in the spray tower 4 to further improve the acid absorption efficiency and the cooling efficiency and to send the acid gas to the lower acid-base neutralization tower after defoaming, a second orifice plate 6 is installed above the sprayer located at the upper part of the spray tower 4. The second orifice plate 6 is provided with a plurality of vertical ventilation holes (not visible in the figure, and the hole diameter and hole spacing are determined according to actual needs), and a "Z"-shaped defoamer 5 is installed above the second orifice plate 6.

[0021] In order to achieve a good spraying effect, the sprayer includes a spray pipe 7 and a spray head 8. In each of the sprayers, a plurality of spray heads 8 arranged in sequence in the axial direction of the spray pipe 7 are respectively installed under the spray pipe 7 and are interconnected.

[0022] In order to achieve a good heat exchange effect, the heat exchanger 15 is a water-cooled heat exchanger. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes a water pump 19 and a water pool 20. The inlet of the water pump 19 is connected to the outlet of the water pool 20, and the outlet of the water pump 19 is connected to the water cooling inlet of the heat exchanger 15 (that is, the inlet of the water cooling medium, where the water cooling medium is water), and the water cooling outlet of the heat exchanger 15 (that is, the outlet of the water cooling medium, where the water cooling medium is water) is connected to the inlet of the water pool 20, and the water pump 19 is connected to the controller accordingly.

[0023] In order to further improve the automatic control function, the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes two acid water concentration sensors (not shown in the figure but easy to understand) and two water injection solenoid valves (not shown in the figure but easy to understand), the outer ends of the two sampling holes 17 are respectively connected to sampling tubes (not shown in the figure but easy to understand) and the acid water concentration sensors are installed on the sampling tubes, the outer ends of the two water injection holes 12 are respectively connected to water injection pipes (not shown in the figure but easy to understand) and the water injection solenoid valves are installed on the water injection pipes, and the two acid water concentration sensors and the two water injection solenoid valves are respectively connected to the controller.

[0024] Figure 1Also shown are the thermometers 2 respectively arranged on the top outer wall, the air inlet 1 and the middle outer wall of the spray tower 4, the observation holes 10 arranged on the middle outer wall and the middle and lower outer wall of the spray tower 4, and the inspection hole 18 arranged on the lower outer wall of the spray tower 4. These structures are all conventional adaptive structures.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system of the present invention is used to absorb and cool ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas, and the preferred control method includes the following steps: Step 1, inject cold water into the two liquid storage cavities to more than half the depth through the two water injection holes 12 (specifically, the corresponding water injection solenoid valve can be opened by the controller, and the corresponding water injection pipe is connected to the tap water pipe or other cold water source, and the water injection hole 12 is closed after the injection is completed. The water injection method of other non-automatic control structures varies according to the actual structure and is a conventional water injection method, the same below), and the first solenoid valve 21, the first acid water pump 22, the second solenoid valve 24, the heat exchanger 15 and the first solenoid valve 21 corresponding to the first solenoid valve 24 are opened by the controller. The electric valve 13, at the same time, closes the third solenoid valve 25, the fourth solenoid valve 23, the second acid water pump 28, the fifth solenoid valve 26, the sixth solenoid valve 27 and the second electric valve 13 corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve 23 through the controller, and ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas is fed in through the air inlet 1 (the air inlet 1 is connected to the equipment that generates ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas, and a valve is installed on the connecting pipeline to control the on and off of the acid gas, which structure is not within the technical solution of the present invention), and the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas passes through the sprayer and is sent out through the air outlet 3 (generally sent to the lower acid-base neutralization tower); Step 2, detecting the acid concentration of the acid water in the liquid storage cavity through the sampling hole 17 on the cavity wall of the first liquid storage cavity 14 corresponding to the first solenoid valve 21 (specifically, the acid concentration can be detected by an acid water concentration sensor and the detection signal can be sent to the controller, and the detection method of other non-automatic control structures varies according to the actual structure, which is a conventional sampling detection method, the same below). If the detected acid concentration value is lower than a preset high concentration value (the preset high concentration value preferably corresponds to the saturated concentration value of the acid, the same below), it remains unchanged; if the detected acid concentration value reaches the preset high concentration value, the second solenoid valve 24, the sixth solenoid valve 27 and the first electric valve 13 are closed by the controller, and the third solenoid valve 25, the fourth solenoid valve 23, the second acid water pump 28, the fifth solenoid valve 26 and the second electric valve 13 are opened by the controller at the same time; Step 3, when all the acid water in the first liquid storage cavity 14 is sent to the acid water storage tank 29, the first solenoid valve 21, the first acid water pump 22 and the third solenoid valve 25 are closed by the controller, and cold water is injected into the first liquid storage cavity 14 to more than half of its depth through the water injection hole 12 corresponding to the first liquid storage cavity 14; Step 4, detecting the acid concentration of the acid water in the liquid storage cavity through the sampling hole 17 on the cavity wall of the second liquid storage cavity 14 corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve 23, if the detected acid concentration value is lower than the preset high concentration value, it remains unchanged, if the detected acid concentration value reaches the preset high concentration value, the fifth solenoid valve 26 and the second electric valve 13 are closed by the controller, and the first solenoid valve 21, the first acid water pump 22, the second solenoid valve 24, the sixth solenoid valve 27 and the first electric valve 13 are opened by the controller at the same time; Step 5, when all the acid water in the second liquid storage cavity 14 is sent to the acid water storage tank 29, the fourth solenoid valve 23, the second acid water pump 28 and the sixth solenoid valve 27 are closed by the controller, and cold water is injected into the second liquid storage cavity 14 to more than half of its depth through the water injection hole 21 corresponding to the second liquid storage cavity 14; Step 6, repeat step 2-step 5 until the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling treatment is completed, and the first solenoid valve 21, the second solenoid valve 24, the third solenoid valve 25, the fourth solenoid valve 23, the fifth solenoid valve 26, the sixth solenoid valve 27, the first acid water pump 22, the second acid water pump 28, the heat exchanger 15 and the two electric valves 13 are closed through the controller to prepare for the next ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling treatment.

[0026] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without creative work should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system, comprising a spray tower, wherein the upper portion of the spray tower is provided with an air outlet, the upper middle portion is provided with a cooling water pipe, the middle portion is provided with an air inlet, and the lower portion is provided with a liquid outlet, and a sprayer is provided at a position below the air outlet and above the air inlet in the spray tower and the sprayer is connected to the cooling water pipe, characterized in that: The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes an electric valve, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a fifth solenoid valve, a sixth solenoid valve, a first acid water pump, a second acid water pump, a heat exchanger, an acid water storage tank and a controller. A transverse partition is provided at a position below the air inlet in the spray tower, and a vertical partition is provided at a position below the middle of the transverse partition in the spray tower. The transverse partition and the vertical partition divide the lower inner cavity of the spray tower into two independent and sealed liquid storage cavities. The upper cavity wall of each liquid storage cavity is provided with a water injection hole, and the middle and lower cavity walls are provided with sampling holes. There are two liquid outlets and they are respectively provided on the lower cavity walls of the two liquid storage cavities. The two electric valves are respectively installed on the transverse partition at positions corresponding to the two liquid storage cavities and are respectively used to control the connection and disconnection between the two liquid storage cavities and the space above the transverse partition. One of the liquid outlets is connected to the inlet of the first acid water pump through an acid water pipe and the first solenoid valve is installed On the acid water pipe, the outlet of the first acid water pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the heat exchanger through the acid water pipe and the second solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the first acid water pump is also connected to the liquid inlet of the acid water storage tank through the acid water pipe and the third solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the other liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the second acid water pump through the acid water pipe and the fourth solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the second acid water pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the heat exchanger through the acid water pipe and the fifth solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the outlet of the second acid water pump is also connected to the liquid inlet of the acid water storage tank through the acid water pipe and the sixth solenoid valve is installed on the acid water pipe, the liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water pipe, and the electric valve, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second acid water pump and the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the controller accordingly.

2. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are two sprayers and two cooling water pipes, and the two vertically arranged sprayers are respectively connected to the two cooling water pipes.

3. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first horizontal orifice plate is installed in the spray tower between the two sprayers, and a plurality of vertical ventilation holes are arranged on the first orifice plate.

4. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A second orifice plate is installed at a position above the sprayer at the upper part of the spray tower, and a plurality of vertical air holes are arranged on the second orifice plate. A "Z"-shaped demister is installed above the second orifice plate.

5. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sprayer comprises a spray pipe and a spray head. In each of the sprayers, a plurality of spray heads arranged in sequence in the axial direction of the spray pipe are respectively installed under the spray pipe and are interconnected.

6. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is a water-cooled heat exchanger, and the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes a water pump and a water pool. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the water pool, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water cooling inlet of the heat exchanger, the water cooling outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the water pool, and the water pump is connected to the controller accordingly.

7. The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system also includes two acid water concentration sensors and two water injection solenoid valves. The outer ends of the two sampling holes are respectively connected to sampling tubes and the acid water concentration sensors are installed on the sampling tubes. The outer ends of the two water injection holes are respectively connected to water injection pipes and the water injection solenoid valves are installed on the water injection pipes. The two acid water concentration sensors and the two water injection solenoid valves are respectively connected to the controller.

8. A control method for a circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, used for absorbing and cooling ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, injecting cold water into the two liquid storage cavities to more than half the depth through the two water injection holes, opening the first solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second solenoid valve, the heat exchanger and the first electric valve corresponding to the first solenoid valve through the controller, and closing the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the second acid water pump, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve and the second electric valve corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve through the controller, and sending ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas through the air inlet, and the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas is sent out through the air outlet after passing through the sprayer; Step 2, detecting the acid concentration of the acid water in the liquid storage cavity through the sampling hole on the cavity wall of the first liquid storage cavity corresponding to the first solenoid valve, if the detected acid concentration value is lower than the preset high concentration value, it remains unchanged, if the detected acid concentration value reaches the preset high concentration value, the second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve and the first electric valve are closed by the controller, and the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the second acid water pump, the fifth solenoid valve and the second electric valve are opened by the controller; Step 3, when all the acid water in the first liquid storage cavity is sent into the acid water storage tank, the first solenoid valve, the first acid water pump and the third solenoid valve are closed by the controller, and cold water is injected into the first liquid storage cavity to more than half of its depth through the water injection hole corresponding to the first liquid storage cavity; Step 4, detecting the acid concentration of the acid water in the liquid storage cavity through the sampling hole on the cavity wall of the second liquid storage cavity corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve, if the detected acid concentration value is lower than the preset high concentration value, it remains unchanged, if the detected acid concentration value reaches the preset high concentration value, the fifth solenoid valve and the second electric valve are closed by the controller, and the first solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve and the first electric valve are opened by the controller at the same time; Step 5, when all the acid water in the second liquid storage cavity is sent into the acid water storage tank, the fourth solenoid valve, the second acid water pump and the sixth solenoid valve are closed by the controller, and cold water is injected into the second liquid storage cavity to more than half of its depth through the water injection hole corresponding to the second liquid storage cavity; Step 6, repeat step 2-step 5 until the ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling treatment is completed, and close the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the first acid water pump, the second acid water pump, the heat exchanger and the two electric valves through the controller to prepare for the next ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling treatment.

9. The control method of the circulating ultra-high temperature and high concentration acid gas absorption and cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3 and step 5, the preset high concentration value is a saturation concentration value.

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