Battery replacement system for electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric vehicle battery replacement system which comprises a battery rack of a multi-layer structure, a water and electricity connector edge distance mechanism, a locking and unlocking mechanism and a double-bin sliding table, wherein the water and electricity connector edge distance mechanism and the locking and unlocking mechanism are arranged on all layers of the battery rack. The battery rack supports storage of multiple layers of batteries, and the hydroelectric connector edge distance mechanism achieves position adjustment of a hydroelectric connector through cooperation of a vertical guide rail, a horizontal guide rail and a displacement groove. The locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the battery supporting plate, and automatic locking and unlocking of the battery are achieved through X-direction and Y-direction lock heads and an electric cylinder; the double-bin sliding table is provided with a synchronous belt and a servo motor, and bidirectional replacement and accurate movement of a feed battery and a fully-charged battery are achieved through bidirectional synchronous movement of the first battery supporting plate and the second battery supporting plate. The technical problems that an existing system is poor in compatibility with batteries of multiple specifications, low in battery replacement efficiency and complex in operation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle battery replacement, and in particular, relates to an electric vehicle battery replacement system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry in recent years, a new energy replenishment method - battery replacement has become a faster way to replenish energy. In the current battery rack design, it can usually only accommodate batteries of a single specification. Although this design meets the storage and charging needs of a specific type of battery, it shows obvious limitations when multiple battery types coexist. Specifically, the existing battery replacement system has shortcomings in the following aspects:

[0003] Lack of diversity and compatibility: Existing battery racks are generally designed for batteries of specific sizes and cannot adapt to batteries of different sizes. As a result, in the case of multiple battery specifications, multiple independent battery racks are required, which takes up more space and increases equipment and management costs.

[0004] Low battery replacement efficiency: In the design of some battery replacement stations, in order to achieve a smooth battery replacement process, the system sets up a cache position for temporarily storing the feeder batteries removed from the electric vehicle. The specific process is: the removed feeder battery is first placed in the cache position, the fully charged battery is moved from the docking position to the RGV (rail-guided transport vehicle), and then the fully charged battery is loaded into the battery compartment of the electric vehicle. After that, the feeder battery in the cache position is moved to the battery compartment of the battery replacement station for charging or subsequent processing. The battery replacement efficiency is low and it takes up a lot of space.

[0005] Complicated operation: Since it can only support batteries of a single size, each time the battery type is changed, the equipment needs to be readjusted or replaced, which increases the complexity and time cost of the operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings existing in the related art, the present invention provides an electric vehicle battery replacement system, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the battery rack is not compatible with batteries of different sizes, has low battery replacement efficiency, and occupies a large space.

[0007] In a possible implementation, a battery replacement system for an electric vehicle is provided, which includes: a battery rack, which is a multi-layer structure; a water-electric joint margin mechanism installed between or on the layers of the battery rack, and the mechanism is installed on the column of the battery rack. The water-electric joint margin mechanism includes: a guide rail installed on the column of the battery rack, the guide rail slides up and down along the column; a horizontally arranged guide rail is connected to the battery rack, and the water-electric joint is installed on the horizontal guide rail and can slide along the horizontal guide rail.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on a battery tray, and the battery tray is located on each layer of the battery rack. The battery tray includes a first layer plate and a second layer rack, and the first layer plate is installed above the second layer rack; the locking and unlocking mechanism includes a Y-axis lock and an XY-axis lock passing through the first layer plate. An electric cylinder and a guide rail assembly are installed on the back of the first layer plate, and the output shaft of the electric cylinder is connected to the XY-axis lock and drives it to slide along the guide rail; another electric cylinder is connected to the Y-axis push plate to push the Y-axis lock to slide along the guide rail.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the system further includes a double-bin slide, which is composed of two slides arranged opposite to each other. The first set of battery trays is installed on the upper planes of the two slides, and the second set of battery trays is located on the inner sides of the two slides. Each set of slides is equipped with four sections of synchronous belts, and the servo motor drives the synchronous belts through a reducer, a coupling and a synchronous pulley to drive the battery trays to slide.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the slider is mounted on a guide rail, and the horizontal guide rail is connected to the slider through the upper and lower slide seats of the water and electricity connector. The slider is connected to a horizontally arranged cam positioning member, and the cam positioning member cooperates with the displacement groove of the water and electricity connector displacement column through a pin shaft to adapt to charging ports of batteries of different sizes.

[0011] In a possible implementation, each layer of the battery rack is provided with a battery positioning device and a battery pad. The battery positioning device includes a large battery positioning shaft and a small battery positioning shaft, which are respectively adapted to large batteries and small batteries of different sizes. The battery pad is arranged corresponding to the battery positioning device to support the battery.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the water-electricity joint margin mechanism further includes a proximity switch and a sensing sheet. The sensing sheet is connected to the upper and lower slide seats of the water-electricity joint, and when the sensing sheet slides to the proximity switch, the proximity switch is triggered and sends a signal to the control system.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the locking and unlocking mechanism further includes a Z-direction locking head passing through a layer of plates, which is mounted on a Z-direction lifting plate. The Z-direction lifting plate is driven by an electric cylinder to move up and down in a direction perpendicular to a layer of plates.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the system further includes a palletizer, which is arranged corresponding to the battery rack. The palletizer includes a lifting frame, an adjustment frame, a support fork, an electric cylinder, a guide rail, and a support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly. The support fork is installed on the adjustment frame, and the electric cylinder drives the adjustment frame to move horizontally to adjust the position of the support fork.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the palletizer further includes a bracket and a fall arrester. The fall arrester cooperates with the fall arrester guide rail, and when the lifting frame descends to a set position, the guide rail is clamped to prevent the lifting frame from falling.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the electric vehicle battery replacement system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The multi-layer battery rack and the corresponding large battery positioning axes and small battery positioning axes can adapt to the positioning and support requirements of batteries of different specifications and improve the versatility of the system.

[0018] The palletizer's lifting function and anti-fall device design ensure the safe movement and precise positioning of the battery during replacement, enhancing the safety and reliability of the system.

[0019] The dual-compartment slide design makes the battery replacement process more efficient, and can quickly complete the exchange operation between fully charged batteries and feeding batteries, significantly improving the battery replacement efficiency.

[0020] The setting of the unlocking mechanism realizes the stable locking and unlocking operation of the battery through the coordinated movement of the multi-directional lock head, ensuring the safety of the battery during replacement and use.

[0021] The application of the water-electricity joint margin mechanism enables the system to automatically adapt to the charging port position of batteries of different specifications, thereby meeting the charging needs of batteries of different models and improving the system's automation level and flexibility of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the placement of two types of batteries in the battery rack solution of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 1a This is a partial enlarged view of the battery positioning axis;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a movable adjustment frame of the lifting mechanism of the palletizer of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2a It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating frame;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the anti-fall mechanism of the palletizer lifting mechanism;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-fall device of the lifting mechanism of the palletizer;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a double-bin slide pallet;

[0030] Figure 6 Two sets of battery trays for double-compartment slides;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the double-bin slide slider guide rail and synchronous belt;

[0032] Figure 7a It is a structural line drawing of a double-bin slide;

[0033] Figure 7b for Figure 7a A partial enlarged view of

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking and unlocking lock movement direction in the top view of locking and unlocking;

[0035] Fig. 9 To unlock the top panel backside layout;

[0036] Figure 9a A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the top plate for locking and unlocking;

[0037] Fig.10 To illustrate the layout of the double-layer electric cylinder on the back side of the top plate for locking and unlocking;

[0038] Fig.11 To illustrate the installation of the four middle locks for locking and unlocking;

[0039] Fig.11a This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the bottom of the second layer plate of the locking and unlocking mechanism;

[0040] Fig.11b This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the second layer plate of the locking and unlocking mechanism;

[0041] Fig.11c This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side scissor assembly of the locking and unlocking mechanism;

[0042] Fig.11d This is a schematic diagram of the drag chain structure of the locking and unlocking mechanism;

[0043] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the water and electricity joint margin mechanism;

[0044] Fig.12a It is a schematic diagram of the water-electricity joint margin mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12b It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the proximity switch of the water-electricity joint margin mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the location of a battery swap station in the prior art;

[0047] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the working area of ​​the double-bin slide table of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the double-bin slide structure of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure:

[0050] 1. Battery rack; 11. Large battery; 12. Small battery; 21. Large battery positioning shaft; 22. Small battery positioning shaft; 3. Battery pad; 4. Palletizer; 41. Palletizer lifting frame; 42. Adjustment frame; 43. Support fork; 441. Electric cylinder I; 442. Electric cylinder mounting seat; 443. Push rod connecting block; 45. Guide rail VII; 46. Support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly; 47. Palletizer bracket; 49. Anti-drop device; 491. Anti-drop device mounting seat; 492. Anti-drop guide rail; 5. Double-bin slide; 51. Slide; 52. Guide rail I; 53. Guide rail II; 54 , slider Ⅰ; 55, slider Ⅱ; 56, the first battery support plate; 561, upper slide; 562, upper support frame; 563, upper support plate; 564, scale plate; 565, scale; 566, sensor plate Ⅱ; 567, slide proximity switch; 568, water retaining bracket; 569, water retaining plate; 57, the second battery support plate; 571, lower slide seat; 572, upper guide block; 573, lower guide block; 574, lower guide block right; 575, upper guide block right; 576, lower guide block left; 577, upper guide block left; 578, lower support plate; 58, synchronous belt; 59, servo motor; 510, reducer; 511, coupling; 512, synchronous pulley; 513, synchronous belt clamping plate; 514, synchronous belt clamping block mounting seat; 515, drive shaft; 6, unlocking mechanism; 61, first layer plate; 62, second layer rack; 63, Z-axis lock; 64, Y-axis lock; 65, XY-axis lock; 66, Z-axis lifting plate; 67, electric cylinder V; 671, electric cylinder mounting seat; 68, guide shaft; 69, electric cylinder III; 610, guide rail III; 611, electric cylinder IV; 612, guide rail IV; 613, electric cylinder VIII; 614, guide rail VIII; 615. Y-axis push plate; 616. Electromagnet; 617. Side scissors fork; 618. Fixed seat; 619. Sliding seat; 620. Guide rail VII; 621. Pin shaft II; 622. Drag chain; 623. Channel; 7. Water and electricity joint margin mechanism; 71. Guide rail V; 72. Sliding block III; 73. Guide rail VI; 74. Water and electricity joint upper and lower sliding seats; 75. Water and electricity joint; 76. Sliding block IV; 77. Driving mechanism; 78. Cam positioning member; 79. Pin shaft; 710. Water and electricity joint displacement column; 711. Displacement slot; 712. Proximity switch I; 713. Sensor sheet I. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the examples of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the battery rack is not compatible with batteries of different sizes and has inaccurate positioning, the present application provides an electric vehicle battery replacement system.

[0053] See also Figure 1 and Figure 1a In a possible implementation, the electric vehicle battery replacement system includes a battery rack 1 and a plurality of battery positioning devices. The battery rack 1 is a multi-layer structure, and a battery positioning device and a battery pad 3 are provided on each layer. The battery positioning device includes a large battery positioning shaft 21 and a small battery positioning shaft 22, which are respectively adapted to batteries 11 and 12 of different sizes or specifications and are installed on the battery rack 1. The battery pad 3 is installed on the battery rack 1, and is arranged corresponding to the battery positioning device, and is used to support the batteries 11 and 12.

[0054] The electric vehicle battery replacement system includes a battery rack 1 and a plurality of battery positioning devices. The battery rack 1 adopts a multi-layer structure, and each layer is provided with a battery positioning device and a battery pad 3. The battery positioning device is composed of a large battery positioning shaft 21 and a small battery positioning shaft 22, which are respectively suitable for batteries 11 and batteries 12 of different sizes or specifications. The battery positioning shafts 21 and 22 are installed on the battery rack 1 so that the battery can be stably installed and positioned. The battery pad 3 is installed on the battery rack 1 and is arranged corresponding to the battery positioning device to support the battery and ensure the stability of the battery during use.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the multi-layer structure design of the battery rack 1 enables the system to accommodate multiple batteries and adapt batteries of different sizes through different positioning devices. The large battery positioning axis 21 and the small battery positioning axis 22 are adapted to the battery according to their sizes, ensuring that the battery is stably fixed on the battery rack 1. The cooperation between the battery pad 3 and the battery positioning device can effectively support the battery, prevent the battery from shaking or shifting during use, and ensure the safety and stability of the battery in the operation of the electric vehicle.

[0056] The system design can adapt to batteries of various specifications, improving the convenience and adaptability of electric vehicle battery replacement. In addition, through the support of the battery pad 3, the stability of battery installation is further enhanced, the damage to the battery caused by vibration or impact is reduced, and the service life of the battery is extended.

[0057] See also Figure 2 and Figure 2aIn a possible embodiment, a palletizer 4 is further included. The palletizer 4 is arranged corresponding to the battery rack 1, and includes a palletizer lifting frame 41, an adjustment frame 42 installed on the palletizer lifting frame 41, a support fork 43, an electric cylinder I 441, a guide rail VII 45, and a support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly 46. Two support forks 43 are respectively installed on two adjustment frames 42, and the two adjustment frames 42 are respectively installed on the palletizer lifting frame 41 through the guide rail VII 45. The support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly 46 and the push rod of the electric cylinder I 441 are respectively connected to the two adjustment frames 42 through the push rod connecting block 443 to drive the two adjustment frames 42 to move toward or in the opposite direction to adjust the distance between the two support forks 43. The electric cylinder I 441 is installed on the palletizer lifting frame 41 through the electric cylinder mounting seat 442, and the push rod is connected to the adjustment frame 42 through the push rod connecting block 443.

[0058] The electric vehicle battery replacement system also includes a palletizer 4. The palletizer 4 is arranged corresponding to the battery rack 1, and specifically includes a palletizer lifting frame 41, an adjustment frame 42, a support fork 43, an electric cylinder I 44, a guide rail VII 45, and a support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly 46. Two support forks 43 are provided, which are installed on the adjustment frame 42, and the adjustment frame 42 is installed on the palletizer lifting frame 41 through the guide rail VII 45. The support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly 46 is installed on the adjustment frame 42 to drive the support fork 43 to be telescopic. The electric cylinder I 44 is connected to the adjustment frame 42 through the push rod connecting block 443, thereby driving the adjustment frame 42 to move horizontally to adjust the horizontal position of the two support forks 43. The electric cylinder I 44 is installed on the palletizer lifting frame 41 through the electric cylinder mounting seat 442, and the push rod is connected to the adjustment frame 42 through the push rod connecting block 443 to achieve the position adjustment of the support fork 43.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the palletizer 4 can be flexibly moved between different heights of the battery rack 1 through its lifting frame 41. The electric cylinder I 441 pushes the movement of the adjustment frame 42 through the push rod connecting block 443 to adjust the horizontal position of the fork. The fork telescopic motor reducer assembly 46 is installed on the adjustment frame 42 to drive the fork 43 to telescope so as to adjust the distance of the fork to extend; the structural arrangement of the electric cylinder I 441, the fork telescopic motor reducer assembly 46, the adjustment frame 42 and the fork 43 enables the system to accurately adjust the position of the fork and the distance of the fork to extend, so as to adapt to batteries or battery packs of different sizes.

[0060] The flexibility and precision of the palletizer system significantly improves the efficiency of battery replacement. By adjusting the spacing between the pallet forks, it can quickly adapt to batteries of different sizes, reducing the need for manual intervention and the risk of misoperation when installing or removing batteries.

[0061] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4In a possible embodiment, the palletizer 4 further includes a palletizer bracket 47, and the palletizer lifting frame 41 is installed on the palletizer bracket 47 through a palletizer lifting mechanism, and the palletizer lifting mechanism drives the palletizer lifting frame 41 to move up and down along the palletizer bracket 47. The anti-drop device 49 is installed on the palletizer lifting frame 41 through the anti-drop device mounting seat 491, and the anti-drop guide rail 492 is installed on the column of the palletizer bracket 47, which is consistent with the movement direction of the palletizer lifting frame 41 and extends along the column. When the palletizer lifting frame 41 reaches the set position below, the gap in the anti-drop device 49 will clamp the anti-drop guide rail 492 to prevent the palletizer lifting frame 41 from falling.

[0062] In the above embodiment, the palletizer lifting frame 41 can be freely adjusted at different heights through the palletizer lifting mechanism to ensure the convenience and accuracy of battery replacement. The anti-fall device 49 is designed to automatically lock when the lifting frame 41 reaches the set position to avoid accidental falling, thereby ensuring the safety of operation.

[0063] The system effectively prevents the lifting frame from accidentally falling through the anti-fall device, ensuring the safety of the operator. At the same time, the precise control of the lifting mechanism enables the palletizer 4 to efficiently replace batteries in various complex scenarios.

[0064] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7In a possible implementation, the electric vehicle battery replacement system further includes a double-bin slide 5, which is arranged on the battery rack 1; the slide 5 includes two slides 51 arranged opposite to each other, and the upper planes of the two slides 51 are respectively provided with guide rails I 52, and the relatively inner surfaces of the two slides 51 are respectively provided with guide rails II 53; slide blocks I 54 and slide blocks II 55 are respectively provided on the guide rails I 52 and the guide rails II 53, and the slide blocks I 54 and the slide blocks II 55 slide along the guide rails I 52 and the guide rails II 53 respectively; the two parts of the first group of battery trays 56 are respectively connected to the two corresponding slide blocks I 54 through the upper slide seat 561, and the first group of battery trays 56 are located on the upper planes of the two slides 51; the two parts of the second group of battery trays 57 are respectively connected to the two corresponding slide blocks II 55 through the lower slide seat 571, and the second group of battery trays 5 7 is located on the relatively inner surfaces of the two slides 51; two groups of four-section synchronous belts 58, the two sections of synchronous belts 58 in each group are respectively arranged around the upper plane and the lower plane of the same slide 51, and the servo motor 59, the reducer 510, the coupling 511, the drive shaft 515 and the synchronous pulley 512 are arranged at the same end of the two slides 51; the servo motor 59 is connected to the coupling 511 through the reducer 510, the output shaft of the coupling 511 is connected to the synchronous pulley 512, and the two synchronous belts 58 are respectively installed on the synchronous pulleys 512 at both ends of the two slides 51; the upper slide 561 is connected to the synchronous belt clamping plate 513, and the clamping plate 513 is connected to the synchronous belt 58 located on the upper plane of the slide 51; the lower slide 571 is connected to the synchronous belt clamping block mounting seat 514, and the mounting seat 514 is connected to the synchronous belt 58 located on the lower plane of the slide 51.

[0065] In the above scheme, the double-bin slide 5 realizes the precise positioning and stable movement of the battery trays 56 and 57 through the relative arrangement of the two slides 51 and their sliding mechanism. The first group of battery trays 56 and the second group of battery trays 57 work in conjunction with the synchronous belt 58 through their respective sliding mechanisms, and can exchange and move batteries between different positions. The design of the synchronous belt 58 improves the transmission efficiency and accuracy of the system, ensuring the stability and reliability during the battery replacement process.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the two parts of the first battery support plate 56 are respectively installed on the upper slide 561 through the upper support frame 562 and the upper support plate 563.

[0067] In the above embodiment, the first battery support plate 56 is installed by the combination of the upper support frame 562 and the upper support plate 563 to ensure the stability and load-bearing capacity of the support plate. The upper slide 561 can move smoothly on the guide rail, thereby providing accurate positioning and support during the battery replacement process.

[0068] Through this structure, the stability and durability of the battery tray are significantly improved, which can safely and reliably support the battery and provide smooth movement and positioning support during the replacement process.

[0069] See also Figure 7 In a possible embodiment, the double-bin slide also includes a water retaining assembly, which includes a water retaining bracket 568 and a water retaining plate 569. The water retaining bracket 568 is installed on the inner surface of the slide 51 and is located above the guide rail II 53. The water retaining plate 569 is installed on the water retaining bracket and is placed between the planes where the first group of battery trays 56 and the second group of battery trays 57 are located.

[0070] The water retaining assembly is fixed to the inner side of the slide 51 by a water retaining bracket, and the water retaining plate is placed above the guide rail II 53, thereby effectively preventing external liquid or dust from entering the key parts of the sliding system, such as the guide rail and the slider. This structure ensures the cleanliness and smoothness of the sliding process of the battery tray, especially in an environment with high humidity or possible liquid leakage, which can effectively extend the service life of the system.

[0071] The setting of the water retaining assembly improves the protection capability of the slide system, can effectively block liquid or dust, prevent contamination or damage to key components such as guide rails and motors, and extend the service life of the system. At the same time, the structure is simple, easy to install and maintain, and greatly reduces the failure rate of the system in harsh environments.

[0072] In a possible implementation, one or more groups of water retaining components may be provided to enhance the protective effect of the system.

[0073] By increasing the number of water retaining components, the slide system can be more comprehensively protected in different key locations. For example, water retaining components can be installed near multiple guide rails or battery trays to prevent liquids or dust from affecting sliding components in multiple areas at the same time. Each water retaining component functions independently to ensure that the slide system can still work normally under complex working conditions.

[0074] See also Figure 7a and Figure 7b In a possible implementation, the double-bin slide also includes a scale plate 564 , which is disposed on the upper slide 561 and has an indicating end, which indicates a scale 565 on the slide 51 .

[0075] The scale plate 564 is fixed on the upper slide 561, and its indicating end is used in conjunction with the scale 565 on the slide 51. When the battery tray slides along the guide rail, the indicating end of the scale plate moves to the corresponding position, indicating the exact position of the current tray. This design can assist equipment installation and maintenance personnel to find the zero point when debugging the equipment, and provide a reference for setting the position for system control.

[0076] See also Figure 7bIn a possible implementation, the double-bin slide also includes a sensing sheet II 566 and a slide proximity switch 567. The sensing sheet II 566 is disposed on the upper slide 561, and the slide proximity switch 567 is disposed at both ends of the slide 51. When the sensing sheet II 566 contacts the slide proximity switch 567, the slide proximity switch 567 is triggered and a trigger signal is sent out. The servo motor 59 is controlled by the trigger signal of the slide proximity switch 567 and stops.

[0077] When the battery tray moves to a predetermined position through the slide, the sensor sheet II 566 on the upper slide 561 triggers the proximity switches 567 at both ends of the slide 51. The proximity switches send a signal to control the servo motor 59 to stop running. This method ensures the automatic stop function of the battery tray when it moves to the specified position, avoids excessive sliding of the tray, and provides precise control of the movement of the battery tray.

[0078] See also Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9-Figure 9a , Figure 10-11d In a possible implementation, the battery tray further includes a locking and unlocking mechanism 6, which is arranged on the battery tray. The battery tray includes a first layer plate 61 and a second layer frame 62, and the first layer plate 61 is installed above the second layer frame 62. The locking and unlocking mechanism 6 includes a Z-direction lock 63, a Y-direction lock 64, and an XY-direction lock 65 passing through the first layer plate 61; the Z-direction lock 63 is installed on an I-shaped Z-direction lifting plate 66 on the back of the first layer plate 61, and an electric cylinder V 67 is installed on the back of the first layer plate 61 through an electric cylinder mounting seat, and the output shaft of the electric cylinder V 67 is connected to the Z-direction lifting plate 66, driving the Z-direction lifting plate 66 and the Z-direction lock 63 thereon to move up and down in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first layer plate 61. A guide shaft 68 is arranged on the Z-direction lifting plate 66, which passes through the first layer plate 61, so that the Z-direction lifting plate 66 and the Z-direction lock 63 thereon move up and down along the guide shaft 68.

[0079] The electric vehicle battery replacement system also includes a locking and unlocking mechanism 6, which is arranged on a battery tray 56, and the battery tray 56 includes a first layer plate 61 and a second layer frame 62, and the first layer plate 61 is installed above the second layer frame 62; the locking and unlocking mechanism 6 includes a Z-direction lock head 63, a Y-direction lock head 64 and an XY-direction lock head 65 passing through the first layer plate 61; wherein the Z-direction lock head 63 is installed on the second layer frame 62 on the back of the first layer plate 61 through an I-shaped Z-direction lifting plate 66, and an electric cylinder V 67 is installed on the back of the first layer plate 61 or the second layer frame 62, and the output shaft of the electric cylinder V 67 is connected to the Z-direction lifting plate 66, driving the Z-direction lifting plate 66 and the Z-direction lock head 63 thereon to move up and down in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first layer plate 61; a guide shaft 68 is arranged on the Z-direction lifting plate 66, which passes through the first layer plate 61, and the Z-direction lifting plate 66 and the Z-direction lock head 63 thereon move up and down along the guide shaft 68 The back of the first layer plate 61 is provided with an electric cylinder III 69, a guide rail III 610, an electric cylinder IV 611 and a guide rail IV 612, the output shaft of the electric cylinder IV 611 is connected to the XY direction lock head 65, the XY direction lock head 65 is connected to the guide rail IV 612 and can slide along the guide rail IV 612 under the push of the electric cylinder IV 611; the output shaft of the electric cylinder III 69 is connected to the guide rail IV 612, the guide rail IV 612 is installed on the guide rail III 610 and can be pushed by the electric cylinder III The guide rail Ⅳ612 is perpendicular to the guide rail Ⅲ610. The electric cylinder Ⅷ613, the guide rail Ⅷ614 and the Y-direction push plate 615 are arranged on the back of the layer plate 61. The Y-direction lock head 64 is connected to the guide rail Ⅷ614 through the Y-direction push plate 615. The output shaft of the electric cylinder Ⅷ613 is connected to the Y-direction push plate 615 and can push the Y-direction push plate 615 and the Y-direction lock head 64 connected thereto to slide along the guide rail Ⅷ614.

[0080] The locking and unlocking mechanism 6 realizes the automatic locking and unlocking function of the battery tray 56 through the lock heads in three directions (Z direction, Y direction and XY direction) and their corresponding electric cylinders and guide rail systems. The Z-direction lock head 63 moves up and down along the guide shaft 68 through the action of the electric cylinder V 67 to ensure that the battery tray 56 is locked or released in the vertical direction. The Y-direction lock head 64 and the XY-direction lock head 65 are pushed by the electric cylinder VIII 613 and the electric cylinder IV 611 respectively, and slide on the corresponding guide rails VIII 614 and IV 612 to achieve the locking or release of the battery tray 56 in the Y direction and XY direction. Through this multi-directional locking and unlocking design, the battery tray 56 can be firmly fixed in three-dimensional space, ensuring the safety and stability of the battery during the replacement process.

[0081] The locking and unlocking mechanism provides a multi-directional locking method to ensure the safety and reliability of the battery during installation and replacement. The multi-directional locking design not only enhances the battery fixation effect, but also improves the operating efficiency of the entire system.

[0082] In a possible implementation, there are four Z-direction locks 63, which are respectively arranged at the four ends of the I-shaped Z-direction lifting plate 66. The first layer plate 61 and the second layer frame 62 are connected by adsorption through electromagnets 616, and four electromagnets 616 are arranged.

[0083] In the above embodiment, there are four Z-direction locks 63, which are arranged at the four ends of the I-shaped Z-direction lifting plate 66, respectively, to ensure that the battery is locked at multiple points and improve the stability of the fixation. The electromagnet 616 provides additional adsorption force, and the first layer plate 61 and the second layer frame 62 are tightly connected together by electromagnetic adsorption, further enhancing the stability and safety of the overall structure.

[0084] This design effectively improves the fixing performance and operational safety of the system by increasing the number of Z-axis lock heads 63 and introducing electromagnetic adsorption connection. In particular, in application scenarios requiring higher strength and reliability, this design can provide a more stable and reliable battery fixing effect.

[0085] See also Fig.11c In a possible implementation, a set of side scissor fork components is provided between the first layer board 61 and the second layer frame 62, and the component includes two side scissor forks 617, two fixed seats 618, two sliding seats 619 and two guide rails VII 620. The two side scissor forks 617 are crossed in an X shape, and are fixed to the first layer board 61 and the second layer frame 62 through the fixed seats 618 respectively, and the other ends are connected to the guide rails VII 620 through the sliding seats 619, and the guide rails VII 620 are installed on the first layer board 61 and the second layer frame 62.

[0086] The side scissor assembly provides additional support and adjustment functions for the first layer plate 61 and the second layer frame 62 through an X-shaped structure. During the installation and removal of the first layer plate of the battery, the side scissor assembly can bear the gravity of the first layer plate and guide it to move smoothly. Through the sliding of the sliding seat 619 on the guide rail VII 620, the side scissor assembly can achieve flexible adjustment of the first layer plate to ensure stability and precise positioning during the battery replacement process.

[0087] In another embodiment, the number and size of the side scissor fork assemblies can be adjusted according to the weight and size of a battery layer. The design of the guide rail VII 620 and the sliding seat 619 can also be optimized as needed, and more durable or corrosion-resistant materials can be selected to adapt to applications in harsh environments.

[0088] In a possible implementation, two sets of side scissor fork assemblies are provided, which are respectively arranged in parallel on opposite sides of the first layer plate 61 and the second layer frame 62. The two sets of side scissor fork assemblies can provide support and adjustment functions for the battery tray at different positions, thereby achieving stable movement and locking of the first layer plate of the battery.

[0089] Two sets of side scissor fork assemblies are installed on opposite sides of the battery tray. This parallel setting further increases the stability and load-bearing capacity of the tray. During the battery replacement process, the side scissor fork assembly can not only support the tray, but also adjust the height and position of the tray in both vertical and horizontal directions to ensure that the first layer of the battery can be locked or unlocked smoothly.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the two side scissor forks 617 are connected at the X-shaped centers by a pin 621. The pin 621 enables the side scissor forks 617 to be flexibly extended and adjusted through the rotation function of the center point, thereby enhancing the mobility of the support plate.

[0091] The X-shaped structure of the side scissor fork 617 is connected by a pin 621, allowing the side scissor fork to rotate around the pin, providing stable adjustment capability in the up and down direction of a layer of plate. During the battery replacement process, when a layer of plate moves up and down, the pin 621 allows the side scissor fork assembly to automatically adjust according to the height change of a layer of plate, maintaining the balance and stability of a layer of plate.

[0092] See also Fig.11d In a possible implementation, the locking and unlocking mechanism further includes a drag chain 622, which is disposed between the first layer board 61 and the second layer frame 62 and is used to lay cables of the motor and the switchgear. A hole 623 is provided in the drag chain 622, and the cables are laid and protected through the hole 623 to ensure the safety and reliability of the cables during the movement of the first layer board.

[0093] The drag chain 622 connects the first layer board 61 and the second layer frame 62 through its flexible design, and the channel 623 is used to accommodate the cables of the motor and the switchgear. During the movement of the first layer board of the battery, the drag chain 622 moves with the movement of the first layer board to ensure that the cables will not be damaged or broken due to the movement of the first layer board. At the same time, the channel 623 provides good cable protection to prevent the external environment from damaging the cables.

[0094] See also Fig.12 and Fig.12a In a possible implementation, it also includes a water-electric connector margin mechanism 7 installed between or on the layers of the battery rack 1 corresponding to the battery charging port, the water-electric connector margin mechanism 7 includes a guide rail V71 installed on the column of the battery rack 1, a slider III72 installed on the guide rail V71, and a guide rail VI73 installed on the slider III72 through a water-electric connector upper and lower slide seat 74. The guide rail VI73 is horizontally arranged, and the water-electric connector 75 is installed on the guide rail VI73 through a slider IV76. The driving mechanism 77 drives the water-electric connector upper and lower slide seat 74 or the slider III72 to slide up and down along the guide rail V71.

[0095] In the above embodiment, the water-electricity connector margin mechanism 7 realizes the precise positioning of the water-electricity connector 75 through the guide rail system installed on the column of the battery rack 1. The combined design of the slider III 72, the guide rail V 71 and the guide rail VI 73 enables the water-electricity connector 75 to slide freely in both the up and down and horizontal directions, so as to accurately dock with the charging port of the battery. The driving mechanism 77 realizes the precise adjustment of docking by controlling the movement of the upper and lower slide seat 74 or the slider III 72 of the water-electricity connector.

[0096] This design effectively improves the efficiency and reliability of battery charging by precisely controlling the position of the water-electricity connector. The multi-directional sliding function of the water-electricity connector margin mechanism ensures a smooth docking process, reduces errors, and improves the automation of the system.

[0097] In a possible embodiment, the electric vehicle battery replacement system also includes a water-electric connector margin mechanism corresponding to the battery charging port installed between or on the battery rack layers. The margin mechanism includes a guide rail V installed on the battery rack column, a slider III installed on the guide rail V, and a guide rail VI installed on the slider III through an upper and lower slide seat of the water-electric connector. The guide rail VI is horizontally arranged, and the water-electric connector is installed on the guide rail VI through a slider IV. The driving mechanism drives the upper and lower slide seats of the water-electric connector or the slider III to slide up and down along the guide rail V. The slider III is connected to a horizontally arranged cam positioning member, and the other end of the cam positioning member is placed in the displacement groove of the water-electric connector displacement column through a pin shaft. The displacement groove includes two sections of connected grooves, and the spacing between the two sections of the connected grooves and the guide rail V is different. The different spacings of the two sections of the grooves correspond to the charging ports of two batteries of different sizes.

[0098] In the above embodiment, the slider III is connected to the horizontally arranged cam positioning member, and through the operation of the driving mechanism, the slider III slides up and down along the guide rail V. As the slider III moves, the cam positioning member pushes the water-electricity connector displacement column to move in the displacement groove through the pin shaft, and the two-section connected groove design of the displacement groove enables the water-electricity connector to automatically adjust its position according to the different sizes of the battery, thereby achieving accurate docking with the charging port of batteries of different sizes.

[0099] The design uses the two-stage structure of the displacement slot to achieve automatic adaptability of the water-electric connector to batteries of different sizes, greatly improving the versatility and compatibility of the system. Regardless of the size of the battery, the system can be accurately docked, avoiding the tedious steps of manual adjustment and improving charging efficiency and safety.

[0100] See also Fig.12a and Figure 12b In a possible implementation, the water-electricity joint margin mechanism 7 further includes: a proximity switch I 712, mounted on a column of the battery rack 1; a sensor sheet I 713, mounted on upper and lower slide seats 74 of the water-electricity joint, and sliding up and down along the guide rail V 71 with the slide seat.

[0101] When the induction sheet I713 contacts the proximity switch I712, the proximity switch I712 is triggered and sends a signal to the control system to confirm that the water and electricity connector 75 is aligned with the battery charging port.

[0102] The induction sheet I 713 moves on the guide rail V 71 along with the water and electricity connector slide 74. When it contacts the predetermined position, the induction sheet I 713 cooperates with the proximity switch I 712 to trigger the control system to stop the sliding operation. This design ensures that the water and electricity connector 75 is accurately docked with the battery charging port to avoid docking errors.

[0103] In a possible implementation, a method for charging electric vehicle batteries of different specifications is provided, using any electric vehicle replacement battery system. The method comprises the following steps:

[0104] Control the feeding battery to move between or on the layers of the battery rack, and control the large battery positioning axis or the small battery positioning axis to position the feeding battery according to the model of the feeding battery.

[0105] Control the Z-axis lock, the Y-axis lock and the XY-axis lock to lock the feed battery.

[0106] According to the model of the feeding battery, the control driving mechanism drives the slider III or the upper and lower slide seats of the water-electricity connector to keep it stationary or move it downward, so that the water-electricity connector is docked with the charging port of the feeding battery.

[0107] In the above implementation, firstly, the positioning device in the battery replacement system of the electric vehicle is used to ensure the accurate positioning of the feeding battery on the battery rack. Then, the battery is locked in multiple directions by controlling the locks in the Z, Y and XY directions to ensure its stability during the charging process. Finally, according to the battery model, the slider III or the water-electric connector is driven up and down the slide seat to align and dock the water-electric connector with the charging port of the battery to complete the charging operation.

[0108] This method achieves accurate positioning and charging docking of batteries of different specifications through automated control, effectively reducing the errors and time of manual operation, improving charging efficiency and the intelligence of the system. At the same time, the multi-directional locking design ensures the safety of the charging process and reduces the risk of charging failure caused by vibration or unstable connection of the battery.

[0109] In a possible implementation, a battery replacement method uses an electric vehicle to replace a battery system. The method includes the following steps:

[0110] Control the fully charged batteries to move from the battery rack to the first battery tray of the double-compartment slide.

[0111] Control the double-bin slide to move under the feeding battery of the electric vehicle to be replaced.

[0112] The control feed battery is moved to the second battery tray of the double-compartment slide.

[0113] Control the fully charged batteries to move from the first battery tray into the battery compartment of the electric vehicle.

[0114] The control feed battery is moved from the second battery tray into the battery rack and charged.

[0115] In the above embodiment, the fully charged battery is first transferred from the battery rack to the first battery tray of the double-compartment slide by the control system. Then, the slide moves to the bottom of the feed battery of the electric vehicle, and the position of the slide and the height of the tray are adjusted to ensure that the feed battery can be smoothly moved to the second battery tray. Next, the system controls the fully charged battery to move from the first battery tray to the battery compartment of the electric vehicle to complete the replacement operation. Finally, the feed battery is moved to the battery rack, and the system automatically charges it.

[0116] This battery replacement method achieves efficient exchange of full batteries and fed batteries through a double-bin slide, significantly improving the speed and automation of the battery replacement process. The design of the double battery tray enables a seamless battery replacement process, reduces vehicle dwell time, and improves overall operational efficiency.

[0117] Some other embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0118] 1. Battery rack

[0119] 1. The battery rack is equipped with two battery positioning devices. The positions of different batteries are adjusted by the palletizer, so that the batteries are placed on two positioning shafts. The positioning shafts are installed on the battery rack by screws, so that the battery rack can be compatible with both large and small batteries and charge the batteries. Figure 1 .

[0120] 2. Palletizer

[0121] 1. The palletizer's fork is equipped with a fork displacement mechanism. During the process of lifting the fork, the electric cylinder pushes the fork on the adjustment frame to achieve displacement adjustment of the fork in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction and the vertical direction. The entire extension mechanism of the two forks is placed on the adjustment frame, and the adjustment frame is pushed by the electric cylinder to ensure that the spacing between the forks remains unchanged while achieving short-distance movement. Figure 2 By adjusting the rack displacement, the two types of batteries are placed so that their charging ports are in the same position, distinguishing the 5.1 water-electricity joint margin mechanism. This solution is to adapt the mobile battery to the fixed water-electricity joint position.

[0122] 2. The palletizer lifting mechanism is equipped with a new anti-fall device. An anti-fall guide rail is installed on the palletizer column and placed in the middle gap of the anti-fall device. If the lifting mechanism fails and falls due to synchronous belt breakage or other reasons, the anti-fall device clamps the anti-fall guide rail to prevent the lifting frame from falling, thus improving the safety of the palletizer operation and the emergency handling capability. Figure 3 Figure 4 .

[0123] 3. Double-bin slide

[0124] 1. The double-bin slide has two battery temporary storage pallets, one high and one low. The placement of different batteries is determined by the guide block, which can be used to transport batteries of two different sizes. Figure 5 .

[0125] 2. The double-compartment slide has two sets of battery trays, i.e. two battery transport positions. Figure 6 Each set of battery pallets can transport large and small batteries. The two sets of pallets move on the slide through sliders and guide rails. The two sets of battery pallets are connected together through four sets of synchronous belts. The main motor of the slide drives the synchronous belt pulley to drive the synchronous belt movement, so that the two sets of pallets can run synchronously and staggered, which greatly improves the battery transportation speed. Figure 7 .

[0126] 4. Locking and unlocking mechanism

[0127] 1. The locking and unlocking mechanism can adapt to two types of batteries of different sizes. The locking and unlocking lock head is pushed by the electric cylinder to move, so as to realize the locking and unlocking operation for two types of batteries of different sizes. When removing and installing a small battery, the locking and unlocking joint moves inward under the push of the electric cylinder. When removing and installing a large battery, the locking and unlocking joint moves to the outer edge. Figure 8 The back side of the unlocking layer is equipped with an electric cylinder to drive the guide rail slider mechanism, which is connected to the unlocking lock head through a push plate. It is suitable for loading and unloading two types of batteries, large and small. At the same time, four electromagnets are arranged to ensure that the unlocking top layer will not deviate during operation. Fig. 9 At the same time, in order to realize the removal and installation of the large battery, the two corner locks move in the "L" direction (XY direction), and two layers of electric cylinders are arranged to push and control their movement in two directions and reach the specified position. Fig.10 .

[0128] When the locking and unlocking lock is working, the lock moves to a position suitable for the corresponding battery and is lifted by the electric cylinder. The four middle locks are lifted at the same time by the electric cylinder connected to the Z-axis lifting plate, saving internal space for locking and unlocking. Then the 12 locks are used for locking and unlocking operations.

[0129] 2. The four locking and unlocking heads are connected through an "I"-shaped Z-direction lifting plate. The Z-direction lifting plate determines the Z-direction movement direction through two guide shafts, and is connected to the top plate through the electric cylinder and the electric cylinder mounting seat. The electric cylinder is used to realize the lifting of the four locking and unlocking heads. Fig.11 .

[0130] 5. Water and electricity joint margin mechanism

[0131] 1. The water and electricity joint is equipped with a margin mechanism. Fig.12 When charging, by controlling the falling distance of the water and electricity connector and the extending distance of the water and electricity connector, it can be suitable for charging the two batteries placed on the battery rack. This solution is suitable for the case where the palletizer mobile adjustment rack is not included, that is, case 2.1, and the position of the water and electricity connector is moved to adapt to the two sizes of batteries.

[0132] As another implementation method, the battery swapping process and mechanism of the battery swapping station are described as follows;

[0133] The battery swapping system of the battery swapping station of the present invention is used to reduce the occupied volume of the battery swapping station without reducing the battery swapping time. The prior art includes:

[0134] 1. The battery swap station is equipped with a cache position for the removed batteries. After the feeder battery removed from the vehicle is placed in the cache position, the fully charged battery is moved from the docking position to the RGV, and then the fully charged battery is installed on the vehicle. It is best to move the cache position battery to the battery compartment; see Fig.13 .

[0135] Disadvantages of prior art 1: The cache position temporarily takes up more space, and the box of the power station also needs to be larger;

[0136] 2. Cancel the docking position, put the checked batteries into the battery compartment, and then move a new battery to the RGV;

[0137] Disadvantages of existing technology 2: The battery replacement time is too long. After the battery on the car is disassembled, it needs to be sent to the battery compartment first, and then another battery is moved, which adds more time and is not good for the customer experience.

[0138] The present invention describes a battery replacement process and mechanism, which eliminates the buffer position, reduces the area occupied by the battery replacement station and the size of the box, and adopts a double-layer design from the docking position to the RGV conveying mechanism. Before the battery replacement, a fully charged battery is prepared on the lower layer, and the removed feed battery is moved from the RGV to the upper layer, and the feed battery is transported from the upper layer to the docking position, and the fully charged battery is transported from the lower layer to the RGV. Fig.14 and Fig.15 .

[0139] A1 and A2, B1 and B2 are two groups of battery lifting mechanisms, with upper and lower layers, which reciprocate left and right on the slide rails through belts;

[0140] A1 and A2 are responsible for transporting the dismantled old batteries, while B1 and B2 are responsible for transporting the fully charged new batteries to be installed.

[0141] First, place the fully charged new battery on B1B2, move A1 and A2 to the removed feeding battery, lift the battery, then move A1A2 to the right and B1B2 to the left synchronously; the two sets of lifting mechanisms move synchronously to reduce the time of transportation; after the battery replacement is completed, move the A1A2 battery to the battery rack, A1A2 to the left, and B1B2 to the right to return to the origin.

[0142] 1. This solution adopts a two-layer conveying mechanism design, which reduces the cache space without reducing the battery replacement speed, reducing the cost of the battery replacement station while retaining the battery replacement experience; a double-layer conveying mechanism is adopted, and the conveying mechanism is in the form of a battery replacement cart instead of a double-layer conveyor belt; the battery is transported by lifting and moving.

[0143] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present application can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present application, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution requested for protection in the present application.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle battery replacement system, characterized in that: include: A battery rack (1), the battery rack (1) is a multi-layer structure; A water-electricity joint margin mechanism (7) corresponding to the battery charging port is installed between or on the layers of the battery rack (1), and the water-electricity joint margin mechanism (7) is installed on a column of the battery rack (1); The water-electricity joint margin mechanism (7) comprises: a guide rail V (71) mounted on a battery rack column, the guide rail V (71) slides up and down along the battery rack column; a guide rail VI (73) connected to the guide rail V (71), the guide rail VI (73) is arranged horizontally, and the water-electricity joint (75) is mounted on the guide rail VI (73) and can slide horizontally along the guide rail VI (73); The locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on a battery support plate, and the battery support plate is arranged on each layer of a battery rack (1); the battery support plate comprises a first layer plate (61) and a second layer rack (62), and the first layer plate (61) is installed above the second layer rack (62); The locking and unlocking mechanism (6) comprises a Y-direction locking head (64) and an XY-direction locking head (65) passing through a layer of plate (61); An electric cylinder III (69), a guide rail III (610), an electric cylinder IV (611) and a guide rail IV (612) are arranged on the back of a layer plate (61); the output shaft of the electric cylinder IV (611) is connected to an XY-direction lock head (65); the XY-direction lock head (65) is connected to the guide rail IV (612) and can slide along the guide rail IV (612) under the push of the electric cylinder IV (611); An electric cylinder VIII (613), a guide rail VIII (614) and a Y-direction push plate (615) are arranged on the back of a layer plate (61); the Y-direction lock head (64) is connected to the guide rail VIII (614) through the Y-direction push plate (615); the output shaft of the electric cylinder VIII (613) is connected to the Y-direction push plate (615) and can push the Y-direction push plate (615) and the connected Y-direction lock head (64) to slide along the guide rail VIII (614); It also includes: a double-bin slide (5), including two slides (51) arranged opposite to each other, a first group of battery support plates (56) located on the upper planes of the two slides (51); and a second group of battery support plates (57) located on the opposite inner surfaces of the two slides (51); Two groups of four-section synchronous belts (58), each group of two-section synchronous belts (58) are arranged around the upper plane and the lower plane of the same slide (51), and a servo motor (59), a reducer (510), a coupling (511) and a synchronous pulley (512) are arranged at the same end of the two slides (51); the first group of battery support plates (56) and the second group of battery support plates (57) are respectively connected to the upper plane and the lower plane of the two groups of four-section synchronous belts (58).

2. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider III (72) is mounted on the guide rail V (71), the guide rail VI (73) is mounted on the slider III (72) through the upper and lower slide seats (74) of the water and electricity joint, the guide rail VI (73) is arranged horizontally, and the water and electricity joint (75) is mounted on the guide rail VI (73) through the slider IV (76); the driving mechanism (77) drives the upper and lower slide seats (74) of the water and electricity joint or the slider III (72) to slide up and down along the guide rail V (71); the slider III (72) is connected to a horizontally arranged cam positioning member (78), the other end of the cam positioning member (78) is placed in a displacement groove (711) of a water and electricity joint displacement column (710) through a pin shaft (79), and the displacement groove (711) includes two sections of connected grooves, the two sections of the connected grooves have different spacings to the guide rail V (71), and the different spacings at the two ends correspond to charging ports of two batteries of different sizes.

3. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two slides (51) are arranged opposite to each other, guide rails I (52) are arranged on the upper planes of the two slides (51), guide rails II (53) are arranged on the opposite inner surfaces of the two slides (51), sliders I (54) and sliders II (55) are arranged on the guide rails I (52) and II (53), respectively, and the sliders I (54) and II (55) slide along the guide rails I (52) and II (53), respectively; The two parts of the first battery support plate (56) are respectively connected to the two corresponding slide blocks I (54) through the upper slide seat (561), and the first battery support plate (56) is located on the upper planes of the two slide platforms (51); The two parts of the second battery support plate (57) are respectively connected to the two corresponding slide blocks II (55) through the lower slide seat (571), and the second battery support plate (57) is located on the opposite inner surfaces of the two slide platforms (51); Two groups of four-section synchronous belts (58), two sections of synchronous belts (58) in each group are arranged around the upper plane and the lower plane of the same slide (51), and a servo motor (59), a reducer (510), a coupling (511) and a synchronous pulley (512) are arranged at the same end of the two slides (51); The servo motor (59) is connected to the coupling (511) via a speed reducer (510), the output shaft of the coupling (511) is connected to a synchronous pulley (512), and two synchronous belts (58) are respectively installed on one side of the servo motor (59) and the synchronous pulley (512) on the other side at both ends of the two slides (51); The upper slide seat (561) is connected to the synchronous belt clamping plate (513), and the synchronous belt clamping plate (513) is connected to the synchronous belt (58) located on the upper plane of the slide table (51); The lower slide seat (571) is connected to the synchronous belt clamp block mounting seat (514), and the synchronous belt clamp block mounting seat (514) is connected to the synchronous belt (58) located on the lower plane of the slide table (51).

4. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of battery positioning devices, with each layer of the battery rack (1) being provided with a battery positioning device and a battery cushion block (3); The battery positioning device comprises a large battery positioning shaft (21) and a small battery positioning shaft (22). The large battery positioning shaft (21) and the small battery positioning shaft (22) are mounted on the battery rack (1) and are respectively adapted to large batteries (11) and small batteries (12) of different sizes or specifications.

5. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The battery cushion block (3) is mounted on the battery rack (1) and is arranged corresponding to the battery positioning device, and is used to support the battery.

6. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water and electricity joint margin mechanism (7) also includes: A proximity switch (712) is mounted on a column of the battery rack (1); The induction sheet (713) is mounted on the upper and lower sliding seats (74) of the water and electricity joint; When the induction sheet (713) slides up and down along the guide rail V (76) along with the water and electricity joint upper and lower slide seat (74) until it contacts the proximity switch (712), the proximity switch (712) is triggered to send a signal to the control system.

7. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking and unlocking mechanism (6) also includes a Z-direction locking head (63) passing through a layer of plates (61); wherein the Z-direction locking head (63) is mounted on an I-shaped Z-direction lifting plate (66) on the back of the layer of plates (61); an electric cylinder V (67) is mounted on the back of the layer of plates (61) via an electric cylinder mounting seat (671); an output shaft of the electric cylinder V (67) is connected to the Z-direction lifting plate (66), driving the Z-direction lifting plate (66) and the Z-direction locking head (63) thereon to move up and down in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the layer of plates (61).

8. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: The palletizer (4) is arranged corresponding to the battery rack, and comprises: a palletizer lifting frame (41) and an adjustment frame (42) installed on the palletizer lifting frame (41), a support fork (43), an electric cylinder I (441), a guide rail VII (45) and a support fork telescopic motor reducer assembly (46); Two supporting forks (43) are provided, and the two supporting forks (43) are installed on the adjusting frame (42), and the adjusting frame (42) is installed on the palletizer lifting frame (41) through the guide rail VII (45); The fork telescopic motor reducer assembly (46) is installed on the adjustment frame (42) to drive the fork (43) to extend and retract. The push rod of the electric cylinder I (441) is connected to the adjustment frame (42) to drive the adjustment frame (42) to move horizontally to adjust the positions of the two forks (43). The electric cylinder I (441) is installed on the palletizer lifting frame (41) through the electric cylinder mounting seat (442); the push rod of the electric cylinder I (441) is connected to the adjustment frame (42) through the push rod connecting block (443).

9. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The palletizer (4) further comprises a palletizer support (47), the palletizer lifting frame (41) being mounted on the palletizer support (47) via a palletizer lifting mechanism, and the palletizer lifting mechanism driving the palletizer lifting frame (41) to move up and down along the palletizer support (47); It also includes: a fall arrester (49), which is mounted on the palletizer lifting frame (41) via a fall arrester mounting seat (491); The anti-falling guide rail (492) is installed on the column of the palletizer support (47) and extends along the column in the moving direction of the palletizer lifting frame (41); The anti-falling device (49) has a gap in the middle, and the anti-falling guide rail (492) is placed in the gap of the anti-falling device (49). When the palletizer lifting frame (41) reaches the lower set position, the gap clamps the anti-falling guide rail (492) to prevent the palletizer lifting frame (41) from falling.

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