Mining method for local wide mining height area in thin coal seam

Abstract

The invention relates to a mining method for a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam, a drum-type coal mining machine comprising a left cutting part and a right cutting part is adopted for mining, each cutting part comprises a main rocker arm and an auxiliary arm, the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm are respectively provided with an independent power system, and the rear part of the auxiliary arm is mounted on a main rocker arm shell; the coal mining machine walks back and forth left and right along the working face and mines, one-way walking once mining is one-time mining, during each-time mining, the front main rocker arm roller and the rear main rocker arm roller respectively cut a top cutter and a bottom cutter, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller are high and low for auxiliary cutting, mining areas of the front main rocker arm roller, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and mining areas of the front main rocker arm roller, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. According to the invention, a thicker coal seam is mined and covered by using the superposition of the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm at different heights, so that the adaptability of the thin seam mining machine to the wide mining height is improved, and meanwhile, the power consumption of the main rocker arm is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a mining process for a thin coal seam with large undulations. The drum-type coal mining machine used comprises a main rocker arm and an auxiliary cutting arm (hereinafter referred to as the auxiliary arm). The auxiliary arm can be fixed relative to the main rocker arm and swing up and down around an axis extending forward and backward, or can both swing up and down and move forward and backward telescopically. Background Art

[0002] Small and medium diameter rollers are commonly used in thin coal seam mining, which can reduce the mining of top and bottom waste rocks, while improving the cutting capacity and maintaining proper loading effect. However, when encountering a working face with a large local mining height range, the sum of the diameters of the front and rear rollers often cannot cover the total thickness of the thicker coal seam well, that is, the adaptability to the wide mining height range is poor, so the working face mining cannot be promoted normally and temporary treatment is required. The usual solution is to replace the roller with a larger diameter, resulting in the top and bottom rocks and coal being cut off together, reducing the quality of the coal or increasing the washing cost to ensure the quality of the coal, affecting the reliability of the coal mining machine and increasing losses, and greatly reducing the mining efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a mining method for a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam, by which an additional auxiliary arm performs auxiliary cutting at different heights, and the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm are used for superimposed mining at different heights to cover a thicker coal seam, so as to improve the adaptability of the thin coal seam mining machine to a wide mining height, while reducing the power consumption of the main rocker arm.

[0004] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0005] A mining method for a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam, using a drum-type coal mining machine including two sets of left and right cutting parts for mining, each set of cutting parts including a main rocker arm and an auxiliary arm, the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm have their own independent power systems, one end of the main rocker arm is hinged on the coal mining machine body, and the other end is equipped with a main rocker arm drum, the main rocker arm changes its swing angle by telescoping a height adjustment cylinder connected between the main rocker arm and the body, an auxiliary arm drum is installed at the front end of the auxiliary arm, and the rear of the auxiliary arm is installed on the main rocker arm shell of the main rocker arm, the cutting width of the auxiliary arm drum is equal to the cutting width of the main rocker arm drum, and the front end section line of the auxiliary arm drum is flush with the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum; the coal mining machine moves back and forth left and right along the working face and mines, from left to right or from right to left in one direction One mining operation is called one cut. The main rocker arms in front and rear of the walking direction are called the front main rocker arms and the rear main rocker arms respectively. The auxiliary arms in front and rear of the walking direction are called the front auxiliary arms and the rear auxiliary arms respectively. During each mining operation, the front and rear main rocker arm rollers cut the top and bottom cutters respectively, and the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers perform auxiliary cutting, one high and one low. The mining areas of the front main rocker arm roller, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the mining area of ​​the rear main rocker arm roller overlaps with the mining area of ​​the rear auxiliary arm roller. After each mining operation is completed and before the next mining operation, the coal mining machine moves one step closer to the coal wall along with the conveyor and the support, and readjusts the swing angles of the two main rocker arms according to the mining height requirements corresponding to the walking direction of the next mining operation.

[0006] The auxiliary arm includes an auxiliary arm housing, an auxiliary arm motor, an auxiliary arm clutch, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm housing includes an auxiliary arm frame that is flat and thin in front and back and extends left and right in a strip-shaped box shape, and a cylindrical front overhang extending forward from one end of the auxiliary arm frame in the left and right directions. The auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the auxiliary arm housing, and the input end and output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism extend to the rear of the auxiliary arm frame and the front of the front overhang through the rear bearing seat hole on the other end of the auxiliary arm frame in the left and right directions and the front bearing seat hole on the front overhang respectively. The output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller, and the auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radially outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang; the main rocker arm housing of the main rocker arm is provided with an auxiliary arm mounting hole, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission hole in the left and right directions from the fuselage connection end to the roller mounting end in sequence. The auxiliary arm driving mechanism mounting cavity, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole all extend forward and backward, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole; the auxiliary arm housing is detachably fixedly connected to the main rocker arm housing, and the rear bearing seat hole is coaxial and communicated with the auxiliary arm mounting hole. The auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the auxiliary arm mounting hole one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor establishes a coaxial connection and disconnection with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch. The output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism, and the front overhang in the left and right direction is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the auxiliary arm motor; on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm roller is changed in combination with changing the angular installation position of the auxiliary arm housing relative to the auxiliary arm mounting hole, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship between the two main rocker arm rollers and the two auxiliary arm rollers in the height direction.

[0007] The auxiliary arm comprises an auxiliary arm housing, an auxiliary arm motor, an auxiliary arm clutch, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm housing comprises an auxiliary arm frame and a cylindrical front overhang and a cylindrical rear overhang extending forward and backward respectively from the auxiliary arm frame. The auxiliary arm frame is in the shape of a strip box that is flat and thin in front and back and extends left and right. The front overhang and the rear overhang are respectively close to the left and right ends of the auxiliary arm frame; the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm frame and the front overhang, and the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is exposed in front of the front overhang and is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller. The auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radial outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang; the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the inner hole of the rear overhang one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor establishes coaxial connection and disconnection with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch, and the output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism Input end; the main rocker arm shell of the main rocker arm is provided with an auxiliary arm mounting hole, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity in sequence from the fuselage connection end to the drum mounting end in the left and right directions, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole both extend forward and backward, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole; the rear overhang portion is inserted into the auxiliary arm mounting hole from front to rear and forms a rotational fit with the main rocker arm shell; the front overhang portion in the left and right directions is closer to the main rocker arm drum than the rear overhang portion; one end of a swing drive oil cylinder is hinged on the main rocker arm shell, and the other end is hinged on the top surface or bottom surface of the auxiliary arm boom frame, and the hinge axes of the two hinges extend forward and backward, and the auxiliary arm shell can swing relative to the main rocker arm around the axis of the rear overhang portion under the extension and contraction drive of the swing drive oil cylinder; on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm drum is changed in combination with changing the swing angle of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the main rocker arm, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship of the two main rocker arm drums and the two auxiliary arm drums in the height direction.

[0008] Each set of cutting parts also includes a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic oil cylinder and a swing drive oil cylinder, and the auxiliary arm includes an auxiliary arm housing, an auxiliary arm motor, an auxiliary arm clutch, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, the auxiliary arm housing includes an auxiliary arm boom frame and a cylindrical front overhang and a cylindrical rear overhang extending forward and backward from the auxiliary arm boom frame respectively, the auxiliary arm boom frame is in the shape of a strip box that is flat and thin front and back and extends left and right, and the front overhang and the rear overhang are respectively close to the left and right ends of the auxiliary arm boom frame; the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm boom frame and the front overhang, the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is exposed in front of the front overhang and is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm drum, the auxiliary arm drum is sleeved on the radially outer side of the front overhang and is connected to the front overhang No contact; the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the inner hole of the rear overhang part one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor establishes a coaxial connection and disconnection with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch, and the output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism; the main rocker arm shell of the main rocker arm is provided with a telescopic drive device mounting hole, an auxiliary arm mounting hole, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity in the left and right directions from the fuselage connection end to the drum mounting end, the telescopic drive device mounting hole, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole all extend forward and backward, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the telescopic drive device mounting hole are connected left and right, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity is partially extended To the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole; the telescopic cylinder includes a cylinder body with two ends passing through and a swing drive device mounting frame cantilevered in front of the cylinder body, the cylinder body is inserted into the auxiliary arm mounting hole and forms a front-to-back sliding fit with the main rocker arm housing, the rear overhang portion is inserted into the cylinder body from front to back and forms a rotational connection with the cylinder body, the swing drive device mounting frame is away from the main rocker arm roller in the left and right directions, and the front overhang portion is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the rear overhang portion; the telescopic cylinder is installed in the telescopic drive device mounting hole, and the two ends of the telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the inner wall of the telescopic drive device mounting hole and the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder on one side facing the telescopic drive device mounting hole, when driven by the telescopic cylinder, the cylinder body together with the auxiliary arm can slide forward and backward relative to the main rocker arm housing, and when the auxiliary arm is at the rear end of the front-to-back sliding stroke, the auxiliary arm The front end section line of the drum is flush with the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum. When the auxiliary arm is at the front end of the front and rear sliding stroke, the front end section line of the auxiliary arm drum is ahead of the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum by a distance of the main section depth; the two ends of the swing drive cylinder are respectively hinged on the swing drive device mounting frame and the auxiliary arm arm frame, and the hinge axes of the two hinges extend horizontally front and back. Driven by the telescopic swing drive cylinder, the auxiliary arm can swing around the axis of the drum; on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm drum is changed in combination with changing the swing angle of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the main rocker arm, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship of the two main rocker arm drums and the two auxiliary arm drums in the height direction; during the mining process, the auxiliary arm is maintained at the rear end position of the front and rear sliding stroke.

[0009] The rear main rocker arm drum cuts the bottom knife and loads the coal cut by all the main rocker arm drums and auxiliary arm drums at the same time.

[0010] The diameter of the auxiliary arm roller is smaller than the diameter of the main rocker arm roller.

[0011] The main rocker arm roller is a roller of small or medium diameter.

[0012] The step length is equal to the distance of a main cutting depth.

[0013] Keep the highest point of the front auxiliary arm roller not lower than the lowest point of the front main rocker arm roller and the highest point of the rear auxiliary arm roller not lower than the lowest point of the front auxiliary arm roller.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] Since each main cutting is accompanied by auxiliary cutting by the auxiliary arm drum, the cutting loss of the main rocker arm drum can be reduced, and the mining power consumption of the main rocker arm is correspondingly reduced. Therefore, the design of the main rocker arm can focus on improving its loading effect on large amounts of coal.

[0016] Since both the main rocker arm drum and the auxiliary arm drum are involved in cutting and can cover the entire height of the locally thicker coal seam, the main rocker arm drum can continue to use small and medium diameter drums, which can better adapt to the mining of thinner coal seams in other directions or on other working faces than large diameter drums, thereby ensuring the quality of coal without reducing mining efficiency.

[0017] The mining method of the present invention is suitable for mining locally thick coal seams in thin coal seams, and solves the problem of how to improve the loading effect and reliability of a coal mining machine with a small and medium diameter main rocker arm drum configuration when mining in a locally wide mining height area.

[0018] The single-sided cutting part of the coal mining machine used in the present invention has two cutting systems, which is equivalent to splitting the original single cutting system into a main and auxiliary system. More space can be fully utilized to set the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm, so that the total cutting power of the single-sided rocker arm can be increased, and the cutting capacity is improved. The cutting system power of the original rocker arm (corresponding to the main rocker arm in the present invention) can even be appropriately reduced, so that the increase in the volume of key components of the coal mining machine and the resulting insufficient equipment adaptability, large loss of effective cutting power and other problems can be improved.

[0019] Compared with the rocker arm of the drum coal mining machine whose main rocker arm adopts a suspended motor structure, the present invention is not affected by the suspended motor of the main rocker arm. If the auxiliary arm is not extended for operation, any operation of the main rocker arm will not affect the auxiliary arm.

[0020] The forward overhang in the left and right directions and the auxiliary arm drum are installed biased towards the main rocker arm drum side, which is convenient for auxiliary cutting at a larger mining height, and is more conducive to the cut coal materials entering the conveying trough at a large mining height. At the same time, the cooperation between the auxiliary arm boom and the main rocker arm boom makes the auxiliary arm boom better located between the end section line of the main rocker arm drum on the mining side and the main rocker arm boom without affecting the connection between the main rocker arm shell and the coal mining machine body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first mining state (main viewing direction);

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first mining state (looking down);

[0023] Figure 3 This is the coal wall status diagram after the first mining;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second mining state (main viewing direction);

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second mining state (looking down);

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first mining state (viewed from the left);

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the cutting part configuration three of the coal mining machine used in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the cutting portion shown (the telescopic cylinder is in a retracted state);

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 AA section view;

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 8 BB cross-sectional view;

[0031] Fig.11 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the auxiliary arm;

[0032] Fig.12 for Fig.11 CC section view;

[0033] Fig.13 for Fig.11 A top view of the auxiliary arm housing;

[0034] Fig.14 for Fig.12Schematic diagram of the structure of the output end gear;

[0035] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the auxiliary arm clutch and the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism;

[0036] Fig.16 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the main rocker arm housing;

[0037] Fig.17 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the main rocker arm;

[0038] Fig.18 for Fig.17 A cross-sectional view of the main rocker arm shown;

[0039] Fig.19 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the telescopic cylinder;

[0040] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 EE cross-sectional view;

[0041] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary arm roller swinging upward when the swing drive cylinder is in the retracted state;

[0042] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary arm roller swinging down when the swing drive cylinder is in the extended state;

[0043] Fig.23 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the cutting portion shown (the telescopic cylinder is in the extended state);

[0044] Fig.24 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a cutting portion of a coal mining machine used in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.25 for Fig.24 A cross-sectional view of the auxiliary arm;

[0046] Fig.26 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting part configuration one when the auxiliary arm roller is installed biased toward the upper side of the main rocker arm housing;

[0047] Fig. 27 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting part configuration when the auxiliary arm roller is installed biased toward the lower side of the main rocker arm housing;

[0048] Fig.28 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cutting portion configuration 2 of the coal mining machine used in the present invention;

[0049] Fig.29 for Fig.28 A cross-sectional view of the auxiliary arm;

[0050] Fig.30 for Fig.28 A schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary arm housing;

[0051] Fig.31 for Fig.28 Schematic diagram of the auxiliary arm in the upward swing state (the swing drive cylinder is in the retracted state);

[0052] Fig.32 for Fig.28 Schematic diagram of the auxiliary arm in the downward swing state (the swing drive cylinder is in the extended state).

[0053] Reference numerals:

[0054] 01. Fuselage; 02. Conveyor; 03. Support; 04. Top coal in the first mining area of ​​the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers; 041. Step surface formed after the first mining of the front main rocker arm roller; 042. Step surface formed after the first mining of the front auxiliary arm roller; 043. Step surface formed after the first mining of the rear auxiliary arm roller; 05. Bottom coal in the first mining area of ​​the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers; 06. Top coal in the second mining area of ​​the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers; 061. Step surface formed after the second mining of the front main rocker arm roller; 062. Step surface formed after the second mining of the front auxiliary arm roller; 063. Step surface formed after the second mining of the rear auxiliary arm roller; 07. Bottom coal in the second mining area of ​​the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers;

[0055] 1. (right side) main rocker arm; 11. main rocker arm housing; 101. auxiliary arm mounting hole; 102. upper guide surface and lower guide surface; 103. telescopic drive device mounting hole; 106. pipeline channel; 111. fuselage articulated seat; 112. height adjustment cylinder articulated seat; 113. main rocker arm motor mounting hole; 114. main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity; 12. main rocker arm motor; 13. main rocker arm transmission mechanism; 1311. first fixed axis gear reduction mechanism; 1312. second fixed axis gear reduction mechanism; 132. main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism; 14. (right side) main rocker arm roller; 14'. left main rocker arm roller; 17. main rocker arm clutch;

[0056] 2. (right side) auxiliary arm; 21. auxiliary arm housing; 211. rear overhang; 212. auxiliary arm frame; 2129. auxiliary arm frame fastener; 213. front overhang; 22. auxiliary arm motor; 23. auxiliary arm transmission system; 232. auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism; 2321. slewing support seat; 23212. annular groove; 2322. inner gear ring; 2323. anti-rotation pin; 2325. guide sleeve; 23251 .Center guide hole; 2326. Spline sleeve; 23261. Rear spline hole; 2327. Radial pin; 2328. Input end sun gear; 233. Input end gear; 234. Output end gear; 2341. Gear body; 2342. Gear shaft; 2343. Spline shaft section; 2344. Three journals; 24. (right side) auxiliary arm roller; 24'. Left side auxiliary arm roller; 25. Auxiliary arm clutch; 251. Torque shaft;

[0057] 3. Telescopic drive device; 31. Mounting seat of main rocker arm end of telescopic drive device; 32. Telescopic oil cylinder; 33. Mounting seat of auxiliary arm end of telescopic drive device; 331. Upper and lower sides;

[0058] 4. Telescopic cylinder; 41. Cylinder body; 42. Swing drive device mounting frame;

[0059] 5. Swing drive device; 51. Mounting seat for telescopic cylinder end of swing drive device; 52. Swing drive oil cylinder; 53. Mounting seat for auxiliary arm end of swing drive device;

[0060] 61. Limit block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] like Figure 1-32 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for mining a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam, which is carried out by using a drum-type coal mining machine including two sets of left and right cutting parts. Each set of cutting parts includes a main rocker arm 1 and an auxiliary arm 2, and the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm have their own independent power systems. One end of the main rocker arm is hinged on the coal mining machine body 01, and the other end is equipped with a main rocker arm drum 14. The main rocker arm changes its swing angle by telescoping the height adjustment cylinder connected between the main rocker arm and the body. An auxiliary arm drum 24 is installed at the front end of the auxiliary arm, and the rear part of the auxiliary arm is installed on the main rocker arm housing of the main rocker arm. The cutting width of the auxiliary arm drum is equal to the cutting width of the main rocker arm drum, and the front end section line of the auxiliary arm drum is flush with the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum.

[0062] Attached Figure 1-6 In the figure, 14 and 24 represent the right main rocker arm drum and the right auxiliary arm drum of the coal mining machine respectively, and 14' and 24' represent the left main rocker arm drum and the left auxiliary arm drum of the coal mining machine respectively.

[0063] The coal mining machine moves back and forth along the working face and mines. One mining from left to right or from right to left is called one cut. For the convenience of description, the main rocker arms in front and rear of the walking direction are called front main rocker arms and rear main rocker arms, respectively, and the auxiliary arms in front and rear of the walking direction are called front auxiliary arms and rear auxiliary arms, respectively. For example, when mining to the right, the front and rear of the walking direction are right and left, respectively, and the corresponding front and rear main rocker arms are right main rocker arms and left main rocker arms, respectively, and the front and rear auxiliary arms are right auxiliary arms and left auxiliary arms, respectively.

[0064] like Figure 1-6 As shown, during each mining operation, the front and rear main rocker arm rollers cut the top and bottom knives respectively, and the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers perform auxiliary cutting in the middle of the coal wall in the height direction, one high and one low. The mining areas of the front main rocker arm roller, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller are arranged from top to bottom, and the mining area of ​​the rear main rocker arm roller overlaps with the mining area of ​​the rear auxiliary arm roller. In the attached figure, the top coal and the bottom coal of the first mining area of ​​the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers are 04 and 05 respectively, and the step surfaces 041, 042 and 043 are formed after the first mining of the front main rocker arm roller, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller, respectively. The top coal and the bottom coal of the second mining area of ​​the front and rear auxiliary arm rollers are 06 and 07 respectively, and the step surfaces 061, 062 and 063 are formed after the second mining of the front main rocker arm roller, the front auxiliary arm roller and the rear auxiliary arm roller, respectively.

[0065] After each mining cut is completed and before the next mining cut, the coal mining machine moves one step closer to the coal wall along with the conveyor 02 and the support 03, and readjusts the swing angles of the left and right main rocker arms according to the mining height requirements corresponding to the walking direction of the next cut.

[0066] Since each main cutting is accompanied by auxiliary cutting by the auxiliary arm drum, the cutting loss of the main rocker arm drum can be reduced, and the mining power consumption of the main rocker arm is correspondingly reduced. Therefore, the design of the main rocker arm can focus on improving its loading effect on large amounts of coal.

[0067] Since both the main rocker arm drum and the auxiliary arm drum participate in the cutting, and the front and rear auxiliary arm drums cut at different heights, the cutting areas of the front and rear main rocker arm drums can cover the entire height of the locally thick coal seam, thus improving the adaptability of the thin coal seam shearer to wide mining height. In addition, the main rocker arm drum can continue to use small and medium diameter drums (for example, 1.25m-1.6m), which can better adapt to the mining of thinner coal seams in other directions or other working faces than large diameter drums, ensuring the quality of coal without reducing mining efficiency.

[0068] The main rocker arm can be obtained through improved design based on the original rocker arm of the coal mining machine, which is equivalent to adding an auxiliary arm mounting interface to the original rocker arm, and the original rocker arm structure and function are not affected.

[0069] The above-mentioned mining method of the present invention can be implemented by using a coal mining machine with any of the following cutting part configurations and performing corresponding auxiliary arm angle adjustments.

[0070] Cutting unit configuration 1 (see Figure 24-27 ): The auxiliary arm comprises an auxiliary arm housing 21, an auxiliary arm motor 22, an auxiliary arm clutch 25, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism 232 and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, and the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism 232 and the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism constitute an auxiliary arm transmission system 23. The auxiliary arm housing comprises an auxiliary arm frame 212 which is thin and flat in front and back and extends left and right in a strip-shaped box shape, and a cylindrical front overhang 213 extending forward from one end of the auxiliary arm frame in the left and right directions. The auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the auxiliary arm housing, and the input end and the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism extend to the rear of the auxiliary arm frame and the front of the front overhang through the rear bearing seat hole on the other end of the auxiliary arm frame in the left and right directions and the front bearing seat hole on the front overhang respectively. The output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller 24, and the auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radial outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang.

[0071] The main rocker arm housing 11 of the main rocker arm is provided with an auxiliary arm mounting hole 101, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity in sequence from the fuselage connecting end to the drum mounting end in the left and right direction. The auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole both extend forward and backward, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole.

[0072] The auxiliary arm housing is detachably fixedly connected to the main rocker arm housing, for example, fixedly connected by the auxiliary arm bracket fastener 2129, and the rear bearing seat hole is coaxial and communicated with the auxiliary arm mounting hole. The auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the auxiliary arm mounting hole one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor is coaxially connected and disconnected with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch, and the auxiliary arm motor provides power for the auxiliary arm transmission system. The output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism, and the front overhang is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the auxiliary arm motor in the left and right direction.

[0073] The front overhang can have a plurality of different angular mounting positions relative to the auxiliary arm motor, for example Fig.26 , 27 The middle auxiliary arm roller is respectively biased to the lower and upper sides of the main rocker arm housing in the height direction. According to different mining heights, different installation angles of the front overhang relative to the auxiliary arm motor can be determined to meet different mining needs.

[0074] For the cutting part configuration one, on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm roller can be changed by changing the angular installation position of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the auxiliary arm mounting hole, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship of the two main rocker arm rollers and the two auxiliary arm rollers in the height direction.

[0075] Cutting unit configuration 2 (see Figure 28-32 ):The auxiliary arm includes an auxiliary arm housing 21, an auxiliary arm motor 22, an auxiliary arm clutch 25, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism 232 and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism constitute an auxiliary arm transmission system 23.

[0076] The auxiliary arm housing includes an auxiliary arm frame 212 and a cylindrical front overhang 213 and a cylindrical rear overhang 211 extending forward and backward from the auxiliary arm frame, respectively. The auxiliary arm frame is in the shape of a strip box that is thin and flat in front and back and extends left and right. The front overhang and the rear overhang are respectively close to the left and right ends of the auxiliary arm frame. The inner cavity of the auxiliary arm frame is connected to the inner cavity of the front overhang and the rear overhang through the front bearing seat hole on the front side wall of the auxiliary arm frame and the rear bearing seat hole on the rear side wall, respectively. The front bearing seat hole and the rear bearing seat hole are coaxial with the inner hole of the front overhang and the inner hole of the rear overhang, respectively. The opening on the front end face of the front overhang is a power output port. The inner hole of the rear overhang includes an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism mounting hole 2113 located at the front and an auxiliary arm motor mounting hole 2112 located at the rear.

[0077] The auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm arm frame and the front overhang, and the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is exposed in front of the front overhang and is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller 24. The auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radial outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang. The auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the inner hole of the rear overhang one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor is coaxially connected and disconnected with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch. The output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm motor provides power for the auxiliary arm transmission system.

[0078] The main rocker arm housing 11 of the main rocker arm is provided with an auxiliary arm mounting hole 101, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity in sequence from the fuselage connection end to the drum mounting end in the left and right direction. The auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole both extend forward and backward, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole. The auxiliary arm mounting hole is a cylindrical hole. The auxiliary arm mounting hole is used to install the auxiliary arm on the one hand, and to form a rotational fit with the auxiliary arm on the other hand, to provide a rotation reference for the swing of the auxiliary arm.

[0079] The rear overhang is inserted into the auxiliary arm mounting hole from front to back, and the outer cylindrical surface 2111 of the rear overhang forms a rotational fit with the main rocker arm housing, so that the auxiliary arm can rotate relative to the main rocker arm. In the left-right direction, the front overhang is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the rear overhang.

[0080] One end of a swing drive cylinder 52 is hinged to the main rocker arm housing, and the other end is hinged to the top or bottom surface of the auxiliary arm boom. The hinge axes of the two hinges extend forward and backward. Driven by the extension and retraction of the swing drive cylinder, the auxiliary arm housing can swing relative to the main rocker arm around the axis of the rear overhang. The change in the swing angle of the main rocker arm will cause the height of the auxiliary arm roller to change at the same time. The swing of the auxiliary arm under the action of the swing drive cylinder can further change the height of the auxiliary arm roller and is independent of the main rocker arm. Therefore, the height adjustment of the auxiliary arm roller is more flexible, which facilitates the auxiliary cutting of different heights by the auxiliary arm. The different degrees of extension and retraction of the swing drive cylinder will result in different swing angles of the auxiliary arm. Fig.32 , 31 In the illustrated embodiment, the swing drive cylinder is in two states, extension and retraction, respectively, and the auxiliary arm is in a downward swing and upward swing state respectively.

[0081] Furthermore, one end of the swing drive oil cylinder can be hinged on the main rocker arm housing through the swing drive device main rocker arm end mounting seat 51, and the other end can be hinged on the top surface or bottom surface of the auxiliary arm frame through the swing drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seat 53, usually on the top surface. Both hinge axes extend horizontally front and back. The swing drive device main rocker arm end mounting seat 51, the swing drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seat 53 and the swing drive oil cylinder 52 constitute the swing drive device 5.

[0082] For the second cutting section configuration, on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm roller can be changed in combination with changing the swing angle of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the main rocker arm, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship of the two main rocker arm rollers and the two auxiliary arm rollers in the height direction.

[0083] For details on the structures in cutting section configurations 1 and 2 that are identical to configuration 3, please refer to cutting section configuration 3.

[0084] Cutting unit configuration three (see Figure 7-23): Each set of cutting parts also includes a telescopic cylinder 4, a telescopic cylinder 32 and a swing drive cylinder 52. The auxiliary arm includes an auxiliary arm housing 21, an auxiliary arm motor 22, an auxiliary arm clutch 25, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism 232 and an auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism, and the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism constitute an auxiliary arm transmission system 23. The auxiliary arm housing includes an auxiliary arm frame 212 and a cylindrical front overhang 213 and a cylindrical rear overhang 211 extending forward and backward from the auxiliary arm frame, respectively. The auxiliary arm frame is in the shape of a strip box that is flat and thin in front and back and extends left and right. The front overhang and the rear overhang are respectively close to the left and right ends of the auxiliary arm frame. The inner cavity of the auxiliary arm frame is connected to the inner cavity of the front overhang and the rear overhang through the front bearing seat hole on the front side wall of the auxiliary arm frame and the rear bearing seat hole on the rear side wall, respectively. The front bearing seat hole and the rear bearing seat hole are coaxial with the inner hole of the front overhang and the inner hole of the rear overhang, respectively. The opening on the front end surface of the front overhang is a power output port. The inner hole of the rear overhang includes a mounting hole for the planetary speed reduction mechanism of the auxiliary arm located in the front and a mounting hole for the motor of the auxiliary arm located in the rear.

[0085] The auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm arm frame and the front overhang, and the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is exposed in front of the front overhang and is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller 24. The auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radial outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang. The auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the inner hole of the rear overhang one after the other. The output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor is coaxially connected and disconnected with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch, and the output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm motor provides power for the auxiliary arm transmission system.

[0086] The main rocker arm housing 11 of the main rocker arm is provided with a telescopic drive device mounting hole 103, an auxiliary arm mounting hole 101, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole 113 and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity 114 in sequence from the fuselage connection end to the drum mounting end in the left and right direction. The telescopic drive device mounting hole, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole all extend forward and backward, and the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the telescopic drive device mounting hole are connected left and right. The main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole.

[0087] The telescopic cylinder includes a cylinder body 41 with two ends passing through and a swing drive device mounting frame 42 cantilevered in front of the cylinder body. The cylinder body is inserted into the auxiliary arm mounting hole and forms a front-to-rear sliding fit with the main rocker arm shell. The rear overhang is inserted into the cylinder body from front to rear and forms a rotational connection with the cylinder body. In the left and right directions, the swing drive device mounting frame is away from the main rocker arm roller, and the front overhang is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the rear overhang.

[0088] The telescopic oil cylinder is installed in the mounting hole of the telescopic drive device. The two ends of the telescopic oil cylinder (which can be called the fixed end and the movable end) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole of the telescopic drive device and the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder on one side facing the mounting hole of the telescopic drive device. Driven by the telescopic oil cylinder, the cylinder together with the auxiliary arm can slide forward and backward relative to the main rocker arm housing. When the auxiliary arm is at the rear end of the forward and backward sliding stroke, the front end section line of the auxiliary arm drum is flush with the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum (see Figure 8 ); When the auxiliary arm is at the front end of the forward and backward sliding stroke, the front end section line of the auxiliary arm roller is ahead of the front end section line of the main rocker arm roller by a distance of the main section depth (see Fig.23 ).

[0089] The two ends of the swing drive cylinder are respectively hinged on the swing drive device mounting frame and the auxiliary arm frame. The hinge axes of the two hinges extend horizontally front and back. Driven by the extension and retraction of the swing drive cylinder, the auxiliary arm can swing around the axis of the cylinder. The height of the auxiliary arm drum will change simultaneously when the main rocker arm changes its swing angle. The swing of the auxiliary arm under the action of the swing drive cylinder can further change the height of the auxiliary arm drum and is independent of the main rocker arm. Therefore, the height adjustment of the auxiliary arm drum is more flexible, which facilitates the auxiliary cutting of different heights by the auxiliary arm. Similar to the second configuration of the cutting part, the extension and retraction degree of the swing drive cylinder is different, and the swing angle of the auxiliary arm is different. Fig. 22 , 21 In the illustrated embodiment, the swing drive cylinder is in two states, extension and retraction, respectively, and the auxiliary arm is in a downward swing and upward swing state respectively.

[0090] For the cutting part configuration three, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm roller can be changed by changing the swing angle of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the main rocker arm on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship between the two main rocker arm rollers and the two auxiliary arm rollers in the height direction. During the mining process, the auxiliary arm is kept at the rear end position of the forward and backward sliding stroke.

[0091] For the cutting part configurations two and three, since the auxiliary arm shell has a small height dimension, the swing drive cylinder can be maintained between the top and bottom surfaces of the main rocker arm shell to prevent damage to it by the top roof and the bottom gangue.

[0092] Cutting section configuration three can also be optimized in the following aspects:

[0093] For example, one end of the telescopic oil cylinder can be hinged on the inner wall of the telescopic drive device mounting hole through the telescopic drive device main rocker arm end mounting seat 31, and the other end can be hinged on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder body facing the telescopic drive device mounting hole through the telescopic drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seat 33. The telescopic drive device main rocker arm end mounting seat 31, the telescopic oil cylinder 32 and the telescopic drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seat 33 constitute the telescopic drive device 3.

[0094] An anti-rotation structure is preferably provided at the joint between the cylinder and the main rocker arm housing to ensure the linear movement of the cylinder relative to the main rocker arm housing. The anti-rotation structure can have the following two structural types: 1) The cross-sectional profiles of the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder are both circular, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the left and right connecting points between the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the telescopic drive device mounting hole are respectively set as upper guide surfaces and lower guide surfaces 102, and a guide strip extending in the front-to-back direction is fixed on the side of the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder facing the telescopic drive device mounting hole, and the upper and lower side surfaces 331 of the guide strip are respectively fitted with the upper and lower guide surfaces to achieve guidance and anti-rotation during the forward and backward movement of the telescopic cylinder. 2) The cross-sectional profiles of the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder are both rectangular, and the sliding matching structure of the cylinder and the main rocker arm housing itself has the guiding and anti-rotation functions, so the structure is simpler.

[0095] When the anti-rotation structure adopts the structural type 1), the auxiliary arm end mounting seat 33 of the telescopic drive device is preferably fixedly connected to the guide bar to form a whole (see Fig.19 ), in order to facilitate the installation of the guide strip, a flat-bottomed groove of corresponding shape and size can be provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder to provide an installation reference surface for the guide strip.

[0096] Furthermore, one end of the swing drive oil cylinder can be hinged on the swing drive device mounting frame through the swing drive device telescopic cylinder end mounting seat 51, and the other end can be hinged on the top surface or bottom surface of the auxiliary arm frame through the swing drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seat 53, usually on the top surface. Both hinge axes extend horizontally front and back. The swing drive device telescopic cylinder end mounting seat 51, the swing drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seat 53 and the swing drive oil cylinder 52 constitute the swing drive device 5.

[0097] Each set of the cutting parts also preferably includes a limit block 61, which is fixed on the mounting frame of the swing drive device. The limit block is blocked in front of the rear overhang portion to axially limit the auxiliary arm within the telescopic cylinder.

[0098] Regardless of the above-mentioned cutting part configuration, the following aspects are applicable to the mining method of the local wide mining height area in the thin coal seam: 1. The rear main rocker arm drum cuts the bottom knife while loading the coal cut by all the main rocker arm drums and auxiliary arm drums.

[0099] 2. The main rocker arms all adopt drum-type coal mining machine rocker arms with conventional motor arrangement.

[0100] 3. The diameter of the auxiliary arm roller is smaller than the diameter of the main rocker arm roller.

[0101] 4. The main rocker arm roller preferably adopts a small or medium diameter roller. Since both the main rocker arm roller and the auxiliary arm roller participate in cutting and can cover the entire height of the locally thick coal seam, the main rocker arm roller can continue to adopt a small or medium diameter roller, which can better adapt to the mining of thinner coal seams in other directions or other working faces than large diameter rollers, ensuring the quality of coal without reducing mining efficiency. Since there is no need to replace the main rocker arm roller with a larger diameter midway, mining efficiency is guaranteed.

[0102] 5. The step length is usually equal to the distance of a main cutting depth.

[0103] 6. Keep the highest point of the front auxiliary arm roller not lower than the lowest point of the front main rocker arm roller, and the highest point of the rear auxiliary arm roller not lower than the lowest point of the front auxiliary arm roller. In short, the front auxiliary arm roller mainly mines the coal below the front main rocker arm roller, and the rear auxiliary arm roller mines the upper part of the coal in the cutting area of ​​the rear main rocker arm roller, and there is no coal platform between the two adjacent rollers in the height direction.

[0104] The mining method of the present invention is suitable for the mining of locally thick coal seams in thin coal seams or the mining of thin coal seams with large undulations. It can solve the problem of how to improve the loading effect and adaptability of coal mining machines with small and medium diameter main rocker arm roller configurations when mining in locally wide mining height areas.

[0105] Cutting section configurations 1, 2, and 3 may further adopt one or more of the following optimized designs:

[0106] 1. The auxiliary arm motor preferably adopts a 6-pole or 8-pole multi-pole motor. The use of a small-power, low-speed, high-torque motor with a small number of auxiliary arm transmission systems can complete the cutting of coal walls in complex working conditions; at the same time, the low-power configuration of the auxiliary arm has less impact on the configuration of the original main machine, so the difficulty of promoting and applying thin coal seam coal mining machines is greatly reduced, and the prospects are good.

[0107] 2. The auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism includes an input end gear 233, an idler gear and an output end gear 234 which are meshed in sequence. Fig.14As shown, the output end gear includes a coaxially arranged gear body 2341 and a gear shaft 2342. The gear body is axially biased toward the rear end of the gear shaft, and the gear body is externally meshed with the idler gear. The output end gear is rotatably supported on the auxiliary arm housing through three journals 2344 (including a front journal, an intermediate journal and a rear journal) arranged on the gear shaft. The front journal and the intermediate journal are located in front of the gear body, and the rear journal is located behind the gear body. A spline shaft section 2343 is provided in front of the front journal, and the spline shaft section extends to the front of the front overhang. The spline shaft section is spline-matched with a connecting disk provided with both an internal spline and a square convex stop. The auxiliary arm roller 24 is sleeved and fixed on the connecting disk through the square concave stop provided thereon and the square convex stop. The output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is connected to the input end gear through spline matching. The front overhang and its internal parts are all radially small-sized structures, which help to increase the blade height of the small-diameter auxiliary arm roller, thereby improving the loading effect. The auxiliary arm transmission system is realized by a 1-2 level planetary mechanism and a first level fixed axis transmission mechanism, and has a simple structure and high output efficiency.

[0108] The small front overhang inside the auxiliary arm drum supports the gear shaft of the auxiliary arm output gear. The front overhang and its internal parts are radially small, which also helps to increase the blade height of the small diameter auxiliary arm drum, thereby improving the loading effect.

[0109] 3. The auxiliary arm also includes a slewing support seat 2321, a spline sleeve 2326 and a guide sleeve 2325. The slewing support seat is located between the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor. The inner gear ring 2322 of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is fixed in the inner hole of the rear overhang through an anti-rotation pin 2323. The balancing force of the transmission torque received by the inner gear ring is transmitted to the auxiliary arm housing through the anti-rotation pin. The structure is simple and compact, and it is easy to process and disassemble. The slewing support seat is coaxially fixed relative to the inner gear ring of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism. The spline sleeve is rotatably supported in the inner hole of the slewing support seat. The inner holes of the spline sleeve are, from front to back, the front spline hole, the positioning light hole and the rear spline hole 23261, among which the diameter of the rear spline hole is the smallest. The external spline of the rear part of the input end sun gear 2328 (for the secondary planetary reduction mechanism, it is the sun gear of the first stage planetary reduction mechanism) of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism matches with the front spline hole, and the rear end face of the input end sun gear of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is provided with an axially extending center cone hole with a larger outside and a smaller inside. The front part of the guide sleeve is a center cone with a smaller front part and a larger rear part, and the rear part is a cylinder. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed in the inner hole of the spline sleeve, the rear part of the guide sleeve matches with the positioning light hole shaft hole, and the front part of the guide sleeve matches with the center cone hole. Fig.15The middle guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the spline sleeve by a plurality of (for example, 4) radial pins 2327 arranged at intervals in the radial direction. The rear end face of the guide sleeve is provided with an axially extending central guide hole 23251. The front part of the torque shaft 251 of the auxiliary arm clutch is a smooth shaft section and a spline shaft section from front to back. When the smooth shaft section and the spline shaft section of the torque shaft are respectively matched with the central guide hole and the rear spline hole, the torque shaft is coaxially connected with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism, and the power output by the torque shaft is transmitted to the input end sun gear of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the spline sleeve. When the spline shaft section of the torque shaft is located behind the rear spline hole (at this time, most of the smooth shaft section is located in the rear spline hole), the torque shaft is disconnected from the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism. By setting a central cone hole on the rear end face of the input end sun gear of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism in combination with the positioning light hole of the spline sleeve to install the guide sleeve, the structure is very compact, and while realizing power transmission and stable guidance, the axial space is greatly saved. The guide sleeve and the spline sleeve are two independent parts, respectively realizing the guiding function and the power transmission function required by the torque shaft, thus solving the structural design problem caused by the large axial space required for the traditional use of a single part to complete these two functions.

[0110] Furthermore, the outer edge of the front end of the slewing support seat and the rear end of the inner gear ring of the planetary reduction mechanism can be set to a concave and convex connection structure, respectively called a support seat connection and an inner gear ring connection. The support seat connection and the inner gear ring connection are concave and convex in engagement, so that the torque of the slewing support seat can be transmitted to the inner gear ring, and finally to the auxiliary arm housing, thereby achieving reliable transmission.

[0111] The slewing support seat is also preferably provided with an annular groove 23212 with the notch facing forward, which can be used to store more oil, so that the transmission parts of the internal cavities such as the planetary reduction mechanism and the fixed axis gear transmission mechanism in the auxiliary arm can be fully supplemented with oil when the auxiliary arm support is at different swing angles, thereby achieving good lubrication. And because the transmission structure adopted by the auxiliary arm is very compact and the oil storage cavity is small in volume, the supplementary oil storage effect is more obvious. For the slewing support seat provided with the annular groove, the support seat connection is usually arranged at the front end of the outer wall of the annular groove.

[0112] The auxiliary arm transmission system is realized by a 1-2 level planetary mechanism and a first level fixed axis transmission mechanism, and has a simple structure and high output efficiency.

[0113] 4. The auxiliary arm housing is preferably a vertically symmetrical structure, so that the auxiliary arm housing has left-right interchangeability, that is, the same auxiliary arm can be installed on the left main rocker arm, and can also be installed on the right main rocker arm after flipping. Further preferably, the auxiliary arm end mounting seat 53 of the swing drive device is installed at the vertically symmetrical position of the top and bottom surfaces of the auxiliary arm frame, and when the auxiliary arm housing is interchanged, one of the swing drive device auxiliary arm end mounting seats located on the top surface of the auxiliary arm frame can be activated.

[0114] 5. The main rocker arm is also provided with a main rocker arm motor 12, a main rocker arm clutch 17, a main rocker arm transmission mechanism 13 and a main rocker arm roller 14. The main rocker arm transmission mechanism includes a main rocker arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism and a main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism 132. The main rocker arm motor and the main rocker arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism are respectively installed in the main rocker arm motor installation hole and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism installation cavity. The main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism is installed on the outside of the front cavity wall of the main rocker arm transmission mechanism installation cavity. The output shaft of the main rocker arm motor is arranged toward the front and is coaxially connected and disconnected with the input end of the main rocker arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism through the main rocker arm clutch. The output end of the main rocker arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism. The main rocker arm roller is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism through a square connecting sleeve. The main rocker arm roller covers the outside of the main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism from front to back, and the main rocker arm roller does not contact the main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism.

[0115] Further, the main rocker arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism may include a first fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism 1311 and a second fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism 1312, the first and second fixed-axis gear reduction mechanisms are both laid out in a left-right manner, the second fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism is located at the side and rear of the first fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism, the output end gear of the first fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism and the input end gear of the second fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism are both provided with spline holes, and the two are coaxially spline-connected with the two ends of the same spline shaft. The output end gear of the second fixed-axis gear reduction mechanism is coaxially spline-connected with the sun gear of the main rocker arm planetary reduction mechanism.

[0116] Furthermore, the output shaft of the main rocker arm motor can be a hollow shaft, and the input end gear of the first fixed axis gear reduction mechanism is provided with a center hole. The output shaft of the main rocker arm motor and the input end gear of the first fixed axis gear reduction mechanism are both provided with a spline hole, and when the main rocker arm clutch is in a closed state, the connecting shaft of the main rocker arm clutch is spline-connected with the output shaft of the main rocker arm motor and the input end gear of the first fixed axis gear reduction mechanism at the same time, and the power is transmitted from the main rocker arm motor to the first fixed axis gear reduction mechanism via the main rocker arm clutch.

[0117] 6. The fuselage connection end of the main rocker arm housing is provided with a fuselage articulation seat 111 located at the upper part and a height adjustment cylinder articulation seat 112 located at the lower part, which are used for articulation of the main rocker arm housing with the fuselage and the height adjustment cylinder respectively.

[0118] For the second and third configurations of the cutting section, the swing drive cylinder is preferably located between the rear end section line of the main rocker arm drum and the front end surface of the fuselage articulation seat and the height adjustment cylinder articulation seat, and a certain safety distance is left so that the swing drive cylinder does not interfere with the bottom coal platform and the main rocker arm housing. For the third configuration of the cutting section, when the auxiliary arm housing is at the rear end of the front and rear sliding stroke, the auxiliary arm boom in the front and rear direction is preferably located between the rear end section line of the main rocker arm drum and the front end surface of the fuselage articulation seat and the height adjustment cylinder articulation seat, which has good adaptability to the bottom unmined coal platform.

[0119] 7. For the second and third cutting section configurations, a pipeline channel 106 is provided on the wall of the main rocker arm housing, which is used for routing the oil pipes, water pipes, control lines, etc. of the coal mining machine. The structure is compact, does not occupy additional space, and can also keep the main rocker arm hinge center distance of the coal mining machine (the distance between the hinge center of the left and right main rocker arms and the fuselage) from being too long.

[0120] Whether it is the main rocker arm or the auxiliary arm, the structure and installation of the motor, clutch, transmission mechanism (including reduction mechanism) and roller, etc. can be achieved by adopting or drawing on the existing rocker arm structure.

[0121] The use of "left, right, front, back, up and down" in the above-mentioned description of the relevant structure of the coal mining machine is to express the relative position relationship between the corresponding structures, and is not a limitation on their absolute positions. The left and right are borrowed from the traction direction of the coal mining machine when it is working, and the front is the direction pointing vertically to the coal wall.

Claims

1. A method for mining a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam, characterized by: Mining is carried out using a drum-type coal mining machine comprising two sets of left and right cutting parts, each set of cutting parts comprises a main rocker arm and an auxiliary arm, the main rocker arm and the auxiliary arm have their own independent power systems, one end of the main rocker arm is hinged on the coal mining machine body, and the other end is equipped with a main rocker arm drum. The main rocker arm changes its swing angle by telescoping the height adjustment cylinder connected between the main rocker arm and the body, an auxiliary arm drum is installed at the front end of the auxiliary arm, and the rear part of the auxiliary arm is installed on the main rocker arm shell of the main rocker arm. The cutting width of the auxiliary arm drum is equal to the cutting width of the main rocker arm drum, and the front end section line of the auxiliary arm drum is flush with the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum; the coal mining machine moves back and forth left and right along the working face and mines, and one mining is considered one cut when moving in one direction from left to right or from right to left. The main rocker arms in front and rear of the walking direction are called the front main rocker arms and the rear main rocker arms respectively, and the auxiliary arms in front and rear of the walking direction are called the front auxiliary arms and the rear auxiliary arms respectively. During each mining cut, the front and rear main rocker arm drums cut the top knife and the bottom knife respectively, and the front and rear auxiliary arm drums perform auxiliary cutting with one high and one low. The mining areas of the front main rocker arm drum, the front auxiliary arm drum and the rear auxiliary arm drum are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the mining area of ​​the rear main rocker arm drum overlaps with the mining area of ​​the rear auxiliary arm drum. After each mining cut is completed and before the next mining cut, the coal mining machine moves a step distance toward the coal wall along with the conveyor and the support, and readjusts the swing angles of the two main rocker arms according to the mining height requirements corresponding to the walking direction of the next cut.

2. The mining method of a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary arm includes an auxiliary arm housing, an auxiliary arm motor, an auxiliary arm clutch, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm housing includes an auxiliary arm frame that is flat and thin in front and back and extends left and right in a strip-shaped box shape, and a cylindrical front overhang extending forward from one end of the auxiliary arm frame in the left and right directions. The auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the auxiliary arm housing, and the input end and output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism extend to the rear of the auxiliary arm frame and the front of the front overhang through the rear bearing seat hole on the other end of the auxiliary arm frame in the left and right directions and the front bearing seat hole on the front overhang respectively. The output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller, and the auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radially outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang; the main rocker arm housing of the main rocker arm is provided with an auxiliary arm mounting hole, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission hole in the left and right directions from the fuselage connection end to the roller mounting end in sequence. The auxiliary arm driving mechanism mounting cavity, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole all extend forward and backward, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole; the auxiliary arm housing is detachably fixedly connected to the main rocker arm housing, and the rear bearing seat hole is coaxial and communicated with the auxiliary arm mounting hole. The auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the auxiliary arm mounting hole one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor establishes a coaxial connection and disconnection with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch. The output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism, and the front overhang in the left and right direction is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the auxiliary arm motor; on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm roller is changed in combination with changing the angular installation position of the auxiliary arm housing relative to the auxiliary arm mounting hole, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship between the two main rocker arm rollers and the two auxiliary arm rollers in the height direction.

3. The mining method of a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary arm comprises an auxiliary arm housing, an auxiliary arm motor, an auxiliary arm clutch, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism. The auxiliary arm housing comprises an auxiliary arm frame and a cylindrical front overhang and a cylindrical rear overhang extending forward and backward respectively from the auxiliary arm frame. The auxiliary arm frame is in the shape of a strip box that is flat and thin in front and back and extends left and right. The front overhang and the rear overhang are respectively close to the left and right ends of the auxiliary arm frame; the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm frame and the front overhang, and the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is exposed in front of the front overhang and is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm roller. The auxiliary arm roller is sleeved on the radial outer side of the front overhang and does not contact the front overhang; the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the inner hole of the rear overhang one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor establishes coaxial connection and disconnection with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch, and the output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism Input end; the main rocker arm shell of the main rocker arm is provided with an auxiliary arm mounting hole, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity in sequence from the fuselage connection end to the drum mounting end in the left and right directions, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole both extend forward and backward, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity partially extends to the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole; the rear overhang portion is inserted into the auxiliary arm mounting hole from front to rear and forms a rotational fit with the main rocker arm shell; the front overhang portion in the left and right directions is closer to the main rocker arm drum than the rear overhang portion; one end of a swing drive oil cylinder is hinged on the main rocker arm shell, and the other end is hinged on the top surface or bottom surface of the auxiliary arm boom frame, and the hinge axes of the two hinges extend forward and backward, and the auxiliary arm shell can swing relative to the main rocker arm around the axis of the rear overhang portion under the extension and contraction drive of the swing drive oil cylinder; on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm drum is changed in combination with changing the swing angle of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the main rocker arm, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship of the two main rocker arm drums and the two auxiliary arm drums in the height direction.

4. The mining method of a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of cutting parts also includes a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic oil cylinder and a swing drive oil cylinder, and the auxiliary arm includes an auxiliary arm housing, an auxiliary arm motor, an auxiliary arm clutch, an auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and an auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism, the auxiliary arm housing includes an auxiliary arm boom frame and a cylindrical front overhang and a cylindrical rear overhang extending forward and backward from the auxiliary arm boom frame respectively, the auxiliary arm boom frame is in the shape of a strip box that is flat and thin front and back and extends left and right, and the front overhang and the rear overhang are respectively close to the left and right ends of the auxiliary arm boom frame; the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm boom frame and the front overhang, the output end of the auxiliary arm fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism is exposed in front of the front overhang and is coaxially connected to the auxiliary arm drum, the auxiliary arm drum is sleeved on the radially outer side of the front overhang and is connected to the front overhang No contact; the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism and the auxiliary arm motor are installed in the inner hole of the rear overhang part one after the other, and the output shaft of the auxiliary arm motor establishes a coaxial connection and disconnection with the input end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism through the auxiliary arm clutch, and the output end of the auxiliary arm planetary reduction mechanism is coaxially connected to the input end of the auxiliary arm fixed axis gear transmission mechanism; the main rocker arm shell of the main rocker arm is provided with a telescopic drive device mounting hole, an auxiliary arm mounting hole, a main rocker arm motor mounting hole and a main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity in the left and right directions from the fuselage connection end to the drum mounting end, the telescopic drive device mounting hole, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the main rocker arm motor mounting hole all extend forward and backward, the auxiliary arm mounting hole and the telescopic drive device mounting hole are connected left and right, and the main rocker arm transmission mechanism mounting cavity is partially extended To the front of the main rocker arm motor mounting hole; the telescopic cylinder includes a cylinder body with two ends passing through and a swing drive device mounting frame cantilevered in front of the cylinder body, the cylinder body is inserted into the auxiliary arm mounting hole and forms a front-to-back sliding fit with the main rocker arm housing, the rear overhang portion is inserted into the cylinder body from front to back and forms a rotational connection with the cylinder body, the swing drive device mounting frame is away from the main rocker arm roller in the left and right directions, and the front overhang portion is closer to the main rocker arm roller than the rear overhang portion; the telescopic cylinder is installed in the telescopic drive device mounting hole, and the two ends of the telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the inner wall of the telescopic drive device mounting hole and the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder on one side facing the telescopic drive device mounting hole, when driven by the telescopic cylinder, the cylinder body together with the auxiliary arm can slide forward and backward relative to the main rocker arm housing, and when the auxiliary arm is at the rear end of the front-to-back sliding stroke, the auxiliary arm The front end section line of the drum is flush with the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum. When the auxiliary arm is at the front end of the front and rear sliding stroke, the front end section line of the auxiliary arm drum is ahead of the front end section line of the main rocker arm drum by a distance of the main section depth; the two ends of the swing drive cylinder are respectively hinged on the swing drive device mounting frame and the auxiliary arm arm frame, and the hinge axes of the two hinges extend horizontally front and back. Driven by the telescopic swing drive cylinder, the auxiliary arm can swing around the axis of the drum; on the basis of adjusting the swing angle of the main rocker arm, the height of the corresponding auxiliary arm drum is changed in combination with changing the swing angle of the auxiliary arm shell relative to the main rocker arm, thereby adjusting the relative position relationship of the two main rocker arm drums and the two auxiliary arm drums in the height direction; during the mining process, the auxiliary arm is maintained at the rear end position of the front and rear sliding stroke.

5. The mining method of a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The rear main rocker arm drum cuts the bottom knife and loads the coal cut by all the main rocker arm drums and auxiliary arm drums at the same time.

6. The mining method of a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the auxiliary arm roller is smaller than the diameter of the main rocker arm roller.

7. The mining method of a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The main rocker arm roller is a roller of small or medium diameter.

8. The method for mining a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The step length is equal to the distance of a main cutting depth.

9. The method for mining a local wide mining height area in a thin coal seam as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: Keep the highest point of the front auxiliary arm roller not lower than the lowest point of the front main rocker arm roller and the highest point of the rear auxiliary arm roller not lower than the lowest point of the front auxiliary arm roller.

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