Mining hydraulic pressure type hollow self-drilling anchor rod and construction technology thereof

Abstract

The anchor rod comprises a hollow rod body, a self-locking mechanism arranged at the tail end of the hollow rod body, a drill bit arranged at the head of the hollow rod body, a first piston, a second piston and an anchoring agent, and the first piston, the second piston and the anchoring agent are arranged in an inner cavity of an anchoring section of the hollow rod body. The first piston and the second piston are perforated in a staggered mode and arranged at intervals. By the adoption of the anchor rod and the matched onboard anchor rod drilling machine for the coal mine, drilling can be conducted after the anchor rod is manually placed, an anchoring agent is immediately pushed out after drilling is completed, anchoring is completed, and manual intervention is not needed in the whole process; according to the anchor rod, automatic drilling and pre-tightening of the anchor rod can be achieved through the forward and reverse rotation function (forward rotation refers to right rotation facing the rock wall, and reverse rotation refers to left rotation facing the surrounding rock) of the onboard anchor rod drilling machine for the coal mine, a resin anchoring agent is pushed out through high-pressure water, the procedures of drill rod dismounting, anchor rod mounting and anchor rod propelling in the traditional process are omitted, and the production efficiency is improved. And the construction process of the anchor rod is greatly optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel anchoring and supporting, and specifically relates to a mine hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor rod and a construction process thereof, which is helpful to realize mechanized construction in the field of anchoring and supporting. Background Art

[0002] Anchor support can effectively control the deformation of surrounding rocks and is widely used in coal mines, metal mines and other fields at home and abroad. Taking the rapid excavation support of coal mine tunnels as an example, the tunnel can be excavated 50 meters per day. For every meter of excavation, about 14 sets of support resin anchors are required, and 700 sets of anchors need to be installed every day. The construction process of traditional manual support technology is complicated, and the process mainly includes the following 9 steps: drill rod installation, step-by-step hole drilling, drill rod removal, anchoring agent loading, anchor rod loading, anchor rod pushing, anchoring agent stirring, waiting for solidification, and pre-tightening, which cannot meet the excavation construction progress requirements. In order to improve the efficiency of anchor support, a series of automated construction equipment such as anchor support drilling rigs and integrated excavation and anchoring machines and supporting automated anchors have been spawned. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor rod and a construction process thereof.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor rod for mining, comprising a hollow rod body and a self-locking mechanism arranged at the tail end of the hollow rod body, a drill bit arranged at the head of the hollow rod body, and a first piston, a second piston and an anchoring agent arranged in the inner cavity of the anchoring section of the hollow rod body, the first piston and the second piston having staggered openings and being arranged at intervals.

[0005] Furthermore, a resistance-increasing wire is arranged outside the anchoring section of the hollow rod body.

[0006] Furthermore, the resistance increasing wire is a metal spiral resistance increasing wire welded on the outside of the hollow rod body.

[0007] Furthermore, a through hole is arranged at the center of the first piston, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at the outer ring of the second piston, and the through holes of the two pistons are staggered.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the inner ring of the first piston, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer ring of the second piston, and the through holes of the two pistons are staggered.

[0009] Furthermore, the self-locking mechanism is a double-nut self-locking mechanism, including a self-locking nut and a hexagonal nut.

[0010] Furthermore, a conical seal is provided at the end of the hollow rod body.

[0011] Furthermore, a left-handed thread is processed on the outer surface of the hollow rod.

[0012] Furthermore, both ends of the anchor are wrapped with tape.

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction process for a hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor rod for mining, comprising the following steps:

[0014] 1) Drilling preparation: Place the anchor rod in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, then put the pad on it, push the drilling rig against the coal wall, and then deliver the drilling cooling water. The water flows through the inner hole of the hollow rod body to the first piston, then passes through the hollow shaft of the first piston, flows out through the outer hole of the second piston, and is delivered to the drill bit;

[0015] 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drill to rotate forward, the hexagonal nut retreats and presses against the self-locking nut, forming a double nut self-locking, driving the rod body to rotate and drill, cutting coal and rock;

[0016] 3) Pushing out anchoring agent: When the hexagonal nut is close to the pad, and the pad is close to the coal wall, high-pressure water is introduced, and the first piston moves under the impact, close to the second piston to form a seal, and moves toward the drill bit together with the second piston. The resin anchoring agent is squeezed out by the second piston and flows out through the slurry outlet at the drill bit position, and is anchored after being stirred by the rod body;

[0017] 4) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the hollow rod body has been anchored, the hexagonal nut will be disengaged from the self-locking state and screwed in along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0019] The anchor rod of the present invention is matched with an airborne anchor drill for coal mines. After the anchor rod is manually placed, the hole can be drilled. After the drilling is completed, the anchoring agent is immediately pushed out and the anchoring is completed. The whole process does not require manual intervention. The anchor rod of the present invention utilizes the forward and reverse rotation function of the airborne anchor drill for coal mines (forward rotation is right-hand rotation facing the rock wall, and reverse rotation is left-hand rotation facing the surrounding rock), which can realize the automatic drilling and pre-tightening of the anchor rod, and push out the resin anchoring agent through high-pressure water, eliminating the traditional process of disassembling the drill rod, installing the anchor rod, and pushing the anchor rod, greatly optimizing the construction process of the anchor rod. The specific advantages are as follows:

[0020] 1. Compared with traditional anchor rods, the product of the present invention uses a hollow anchor rod to replace a solid rod body, integrates a resin anchoring agent into the inner cavity of the rod body, uses water pressure as a driving force to push out the built-in resin anchoring agent, and is equipped with a drill bit at the end for drilling. The double-nut self-locking method is used to drive the rod body to rotate and the nut to be pre-tightened by using the forward and reverse rotation operation of the equipment, so that the product is fully equipped with the functions of drilling, anchoring, and pre-tightening, and has the foundation for automated construction;

[0021] 2. The product of the present invention uses a brand-new piston propulsion structure, using a double piston design. The pistons are staggered and arranged at intervals. During the low-pressure water supply process, water can flow normally to achieve drilling water supply. During the high-pressure water supply process, the pistons are arranged from gaps to close fit. At this time, due to the sealing condition formed by the misalignment of the drainage holes, the pistons automatically seal and push out the resin anchor under the push of the high-pressure water flow. The resin anchor is pushed by high-pressure water, which greatly reduces the requirements for construction equipment;

[0022] 3. The product of the present invention uses a resistance-increasing structure. Since the inner cavity of the hollow rod needs to meet the movement of the sealed piston, the outer surface of the rod cannot be rolled to increase the friction pattern, resulting in a low anchoring success rate. The product of the present invention can not only make up for the defects of the smooth rod in anchoring and bonding, but also increase the stirring effect of the anchoring agent, significantly improving the product's anchoring success rate by welding a metal spiral resistance-increasing wire on the outside of the anchoring section rod;

[0023] 4. The one-step construction process adopted by the present invention eliminates the steps of disassembling the drill rod, installing the anchor rod, and pushing the anchor rod in the traditional process, greatly optimizes the construction process of the anchor rod, reduces the labor intensity of the workers and the impact of the collapsed hole on the construction, and improves the efficiency of the support construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of drilling water supply of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the self-locking mechanism of the present invention, wherein: (1) is a state of forming a self-locking state; (2) is a state of being released from the self-locking state;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of pushing out the anchoring agent of the present invention;

[0031] The reference numerals in the figure include: 1. conical seal, 2. self-locking nut, 3. hexagonal nut, 4. pad, 5. resistance increasing wire, 6. first piston, 7. second piston, 8. anchoring agent, 9. hollow rod body, 10. drill bit, 11. high-pressure water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] A hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor rod used in mining, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a conical seal 1, a self-locking nut 2, a hexagonal nut 3, a gasket 4, a resistance-increasing wire 5, a first piston 6, a second piston 7, an anchor 8, a hollow rod body 9, a drill bit 10, etc., wherein:

[0033] The tail end of the hollow rod 9 is sleeved with a self-locking nut 2, a hexagonal nut 3, and a gasket 4 in sequence, and a conical seal 1 is set at the end of the hollow rod; a metal spiral resistance wire 5 is welded outside the anchoring section of the hollow rod; a first piston 6, a second piston 7, and an anchoring agent 8 are set in sequence in the inner cavity of the anchoring section of the hollow rod; a drill bit 10 is set at the front end of the anchoring section of the hollow rod. A through hole is set in the center of the first piston 6, and a plurality of through holes are set in the outer ring of the second piston 7, and the openings of the two are staggered, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the working principle of the drilling water supply of the present invention is as follows: when working, the drilling cooling water is delivered, the water flows through the inner hole of the rod body, flows to the position of the first piston 6, passes through the central hole of the first piston 6, flows out through the outer hole of the second piston 7, and is delivered to the position of the drill bit 10 (the water pressure is not enough to drive the piston to move);

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the working principle of the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is as follows: the hydraulic motor of the anchor drilling rig is driven to rotate forward, the hexagonal nut 3 is driven to retreat and press against the self-locking nut 2 (the rod body is processed with left-handed threads), forming a double nut self-locking, and the rod body is driven to rotate and drill, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown in (1); the hydraulic motor is driven to rotate in the reverse direction, and the hexagonal nut is then rotated forward along the rod body to disengage the self-locking nut, thereby realizing the pre-tightening function, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown in (2);

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the working principle of the anchoring agent ejection device of the present invention is as follows: high-pressure water 11 is introduced, the first piston 6 is moved by the impact and is close to the second piston 7. Since the opening positions of the two pistons overlap each other, water cannot pass through, forming a sealing condition. The first piston 6 and the first piston 7 squeeze the resin anchoring agent together under the push of high-pressure water, and squeeze the anchoring agent 8 out of the slurry outlet hole opened in the drill bit.

[0037] The coal mine airborne anchor drill matched with the present invention is composed of a long feed mechanism, a short feed mechanism, a top plate mechanism, and a slideway assembly rotating mechanism, wherein: the top plate mechanism is controlled by a separate oil cylinder, and when in use, the top plate mechanism is extended and supported on the coal wall to be drilled, and has the functions of stabilizing the anchor drill and supporting the rod; the long and short feed cylinders are connected in parallel by two oil cylinders, and one hydraulic oil is controlled, the short feed cylinder causes the rotary drill part to slide on the square guide rail, and the long feed cylinder causes the square guide rail to slide on the slideway assembly; the rotating mechanism is composed of a motor and a water jacket, and the torque is transmitted through the output shaft. The return seal in the water jacket ensures the sealing of the slag discharge water and air, and two sets of bearings are used to offset the axial and radial loads. The construction process of the anchor of the present invention includes: anchor installation, drilling with a drilling rig, pushing anchoring agent, stirring for solidification and pre-tightening. Compared with the traditional construction process, the coal mine airborne anchor drilling rig equipped with the present invention can drill holes after the anchor is manually placed. After drilling is completed, water is immediately supplied to push out the anchoring agent and complete the anchoring. The steps of disassembling the drill rod, installing the anchor rod, pushing the anchor rod and stirring the anchoring agent in the traditional process are omitted, thereby greatly optimizing the construction process of the anchor rod.

[0038] The specific process is:

[0039] 1) Drilling preparation: The hollow rod body is assembled except for the tray (i.e., the pad 4) before leaving the factory. The anchor rod is placed in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, and then the tray is placed. The drilling rig can be pushed against the coal wall. At this time, drilling cooling water is delivered. The water flows through the inner hole of the hollow rod body, flows to the position of the first piston 6, passes through the hollow shaft of the first piston, flows out through the outer hole of the second piston 7, and is delivered to the position of the drill bit 10 (the water pressure is not enough to drive the piston to move);

[0040] 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drilling rig to rotate forward, and the hexagonal nut 3 moves back to press against the self-locking nut 2 (the rod body is processed with left-handed threads), forming a double nut self-locking, driving the rod body to rotate and drill, cutting coal and rock;

[0041] 3) Push out the anchoring agent: the anchor rod is drilled into place (the hexagonal nut 3 is close to the pad 4, and the pad 4 is close to the coal wall). At this time, high-pressure water is introduced, and the first piston 6 moves under the impact, close to the second piston 7 to form a seal, and moves toward the drill bit 10 together with the second piston. The second piston 7 squeezes the resin anchoring agent 8 (the buckle at the end of the anchoring agent is removed in advance and wrapped with tape, which can be easily broken), and the anchoring agent flows out through the slurry outlet hole at the drill bit 10 position, and is anchored after being stirred by the rod body;

[0042] 4) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, the hydraulic motor is driven to rotate in reverse. At this time, since the hollow rod body 9 has been anchored, the hexagonal nut 3 cannot drive the rod body to rotate. The hexagonal nut 3 is disengaged from the self-locking state and is screwed in along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

Claims

1. A hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor bolt for mining, characterized in that: It includes a hollow rod body and a self-locking mechanism arranged at the rear end of the hollow rod body, a drill bit arranged at the head of the hollow rod body, and a first piston, a second piston and an anchoring agent arranged in the inner cavity of the anchoring section of the hollow rod body. The first piston and the second piston have staggered openings and are arranged at intervals.

2. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A resistance increasing wire is arranged outside the anchoring section of the hollow rod body.

3. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The resistance increasing wire is a metal spiral resistance increasing wire welded on the outside of the hollow rod body.

4. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is arranged at the center of the first piston, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at the outer ring of the second piston, and the through holes of the two pistons are staggered.

5. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes are arranged on the inner ring of the first piston, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer ring of the second piston, and the through holes of the two pistons are staggered.

6. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking mechanism is a double-nut self-locking mechanism, comprising a self-locking nut and a hexagonal nut.

7. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical seal is provided at the end of the hollow rod body.

8. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that: A left-hand thread is processed on the outer surface of the hollow rod.

9. The mining hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the anchor are wrapped with tape.

10. A construction process for a hydraulic hollow self-drilling anchor bolt for mining, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Drilling preparation: Place the anchor rod in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, then put the pad on it, push the drilling rig against the coal wall, and then deliver the drilling cooling water. The water flows through the inner hole of the hollow rod body to the first piston, then passes through the hollow shaft of the first piston, flows out through the outer hole of the second piston, and is delivered to the drill bit; 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drill to rotate forward, the hexagonal nut retreats and presses against the self-locking nut, forming a double nut self-locking, driving the rod body to rotate and drill, cutting coal and rock; 3) Pushing out anchoring agent: When the hexagonal nut is close to the pad, and the pad is close to the coal wall, high-pressure water is introduced, and the first piston moves under the impact, close to the second piston to form a seal, and moves toward the drill bit together with the second piston. The resin anchoring agent is squeezed out by the second piston and flows out through the slurry outlet at the drill bit position, and is anchored after being stirred by the rod body; 4) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the hollow rod body has been anchored, the hexagonal nut will be disengaged from the self-locking state and rotated along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

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