Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system, application and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a Gleeble vacuum smelting equipment system, application and a method, the Gleeble vacuum smelting equipment system comprises a Gleeble host with a pressure head and a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber further comprises a smelting device and a clamping and fixing device, and the smelting device is connected to the pressure head through the clamping and fixing device. According to the smelting equipment disclosed by the invention, the Gleeble thermal simulation testing machine is fully utilized, and in the experiment process, the alloy can be quickly and conveniently smelted and new technological parameters of alloy smelting can be explored by controlling temperature rise and temperature drop at different temperatures and speeds, so that the time is saved, and the waste of materials is also reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and in particular relates to a Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system, application and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern science and technology, especially in the fields of aerospace, energy development and electronics, higher and higher requirements are placed on the quality of metal materials. Vacuum melting can effectively remove gases and non-metallic inclusions in the alloy to improve the purity of the alloy, thereby reducing alloy defects and improving the mechanical properties of the material. When developing new materials, after determining the composition of the material, it is often necessary to quickly and in small quantities melt to determine the performance indicators of the material so as to adjust the research and development direction in a timely manner.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system, application and method.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system, application and method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, a technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system comprises a Gleeble mainframe having a pressure head and a vacuum chamber. The vacuum chamber also comprises a melting device and a clamping device. The melting device is connected to the pressure head via the clamping device.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the smelting device includes a crucible, an electrode, and an Hre resistance wire. The Hre resistance wire is disposed adjacent to the crucible for heating the raw materials therein, and the electrode is electrically connected to a Gleeble host to power the Hre resistance wire.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the smelting device further comprises a silicate chamber, wherein the inner cavity of the silicate chamber at least partially accommodates the crucible.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the Hre resistance wire is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the crucible.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the Hre resistance wire is evenly arranged on the inner wall of the crucible near the bottom.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the smelting device further comprises a temperature sensing device, and the temperature sensing device is used to detect the temperature of the molten metal in the crucible in a working state.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the temperature sensing device is selected from a thermocouple and a temperature sensor. The thermocouple is used to communicate with a host computer to implement temperature feedback, monitor the smelting state and control the heating working current.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the clamping and fixing device includes a clamp and a driving device for limiting the movement of the clamp. Preferably, the driving device is selected from a hydraulic device, a motor, and the like.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system is used in the smelting of small mass metal samples.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the method of application comprises the following steps:

[0017] A melting device is fixedly arranged in the vacuum chamber of the Gleeble main machine;

[0018] After filling the crucible of the smelting device with an appropriate amount of raw materials to be smelted, start the Gleeble host to output current for heating and smelting, and monitor the working temperature during the smelting process;

[0019] After reaching the smelting temperature, the process of heat preservation, refining, vacuum impurity removal and casting can be carried out.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system, application and method of the present invention have simple structure, convenient use and low cost. By utilizing the existing Gleeble equipment conditions, a small amount of alloy preparation and melting parameter optimization can be realized for a variety of alloys, and the Gleeble equipment can be fully utilized for current heating and precise temperature control (the heating rate can reach up to 10000℃ / S -1 ) and good vacuum conditions (vacuum degree can reach 5×10 -2 Pa), can be cooled by a variety of methods (furnace cooling, air cooling, wind cooling and water cooling, the maximum free cooling rate is 140℃ / S -1 ) can achieve different cooling rates without complicated equipment and operation, which is simple and convenient with obvious effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the northeast isometric side of a Gleeble vacuum melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a Gleeble vacuum melting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The as-cast structure diagram of Example 1 in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cast structure diagram of Example 2 in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] 1- Crucible, 2- Electrode, 3- Silicate chamber, 4- Hre resistance wire, 5- Clamping and fixing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] As shown in the figure, the Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system in one embodiment of the present invention includes a clamping and fixing device 5 and a melting device that cooperates with the pressure head of the Gleeble tester. The melting device includes a crucible 1 loaded with a sample, and of course, a silicate cavity 3 for heat insulation that can be sleeved on the outside of the crucible 1. The clamping and fixing device 5, such as a clamp, can be nested in the clamps at both ends of the Gleeble to keep it fixed and achieve good conductive access. The annular claw part of the clamp and the outside of the melting device are nested to achieve clamping. At the same time, the clamp can be provided with an interface groove that is well matched with the electrode 2 of the Hre resistance wire 4. The resistance wire 4 can be installed in the crucible 1 of the melting device and its electrode 2 is connected through the interface of the silicate cavity 3 and other insulation equipment and the clamping and fixing device. The crucible 1 containing the sample is placed in the silicate cavity 3, and one end of the thermocouple is fixed on the crucible 1, and the other end is connected to the temperature control system of the Gleeble tester. The hatch is closed, and after the equipment is started, the melting can be started.

[0029] Preferably, one end of the clamp of the clamping and fixing device 5 is perfectly nested with the Gleeble pressure head, and the other end is nested with the outer shell of the smelting device to maintain fixation and good electrode contact.

[0030] Preferably, a detachable Hre resistance wire is provided inside the crucible and is kept fixed after installation.

[0031] Preferably, the silicate cavity is made of other heat-insulating, heat-resistant and insulating materials such as silicate.

[0032] Preferably, the crucible device should be smaller than the silicate chamber so that it can be placed in the chamber and keep a certain distance from the resistance wire.

[0033] Preferably, the crucible is made of quartz or other insulating and heat-resistant materials.

[0034] Preferably, the Gleeble thermal simulation test machine can achieve a high vacuum environment and more accurately control the melting temperature and heating rate, and through Gleeble's control of temperature and heating rate, better process parameters can be obtained to guide the process control in subsequent large-scale production processes.

[0035] An application method of a Gleeble thermal simulation test machine vacuum melting device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0036] Adjust the pressure heads at both ends of Gleeble to a suitable distance sufficient for the placement of this equipment system, and embed the clamping fixture into the pressure heads at both ends to keep them fixed and in good contact.

[0037] The melting device is placed in the groove between the clamping and fixing devices and fixed therein, and it is ensured that the electrodes of the melting device connected to the resistance wire and the interface of the clamping and fixing devices are in good contact.

[0038] Connect the Gleeble thermocouple to the crucible to monitor the temperature change during smelting. Then, place the material to be smelted in the crucible, and then place the crucible in the smelting device to ensure that the crucible is fixed and contacts the resistance wire as little as possible.

[0039] Close the Gleeble furnace door, evacuate the furnace (inert gas can be passed if necessary), and set the Gleeble to control the heating rate and temperature of the resistance wire of the smelting device through current.

[0040] After the temperature is raised to the required temperature, it is kept warm. After the smelted metal is completely melted, it can be cooled in the chamber in a variety of ways (furnace cooling, air cooling, etc.). The maximum cooling rate is 140℃ / S -1 , or remove the vacuum, open the furnace door, take out the crucible and pour the molten metal into a water-cooled copper mold, take out the sample after cooling, and complete the smelting.

[0041] like Figure 1 and 2 The figure shows the situation that the resistance wire for heating is arranged in the crucible. Of course, the quartz crucible can also be kept in a fixed working state and contacted with the resistance wire as little as possible to extend the service life of both.

[0042] Since the Gleeble thermal simulation tester can accurately control the temperature and heating rate and can achieve a vacuum environment and other technical advantages, a device suitable for Gleeble for fast and portable melting of a small amount of alloy samples was designed and developed.

[0043] Use Figure 1 and 2 The equipment shown is used for smelting.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Taking the preparation of 50 grams of 5A90 aluminum-lithium alloy as an example, the implementation method is as follows:

[0046] (1) Adjust the pressure heads at both ends of the Gleeble to a suitable distance sufficient for the placement of the equipment system, and embed the clamping fixture into the pressure heads at both ends to keep them fixed and in good contact.

[0047] (2) The left clamping device is made to contact the left end face of the smelting device through the hydraulic drive device, and the smelting device and the right side are fixed firmly. The smelting device is placed in the groove between the clamping devices and fixed, and it is ensured that the electrodes at both ends of the smelting device connecting the resistance wire and the interface of the clamping device are in good contact.

[0048] (3) Connect a Gleeble thermocouple to a quartz crucible to monitor changes in the smelting temperature, place the materials to be smelted (99.9% pure aluminum, pure magnesium, pure copper, Al-10Zr and refiner) into the quartz crucible, and then place the crucible into a smelting device.

[0049] (4) Close the Gleeble furnace door and use Gleeble to control the heating rate and temperature of the resistance wire of the melting device through current (according to the established test plan: heat the aluminum alloy sample to 720°C at 10°C / min), and monitor the temperature in the Gleeble chamber at any time to avoid damaging the machine.

[0050] (5) After the temperature is raised to the required temperature (720°C), it is kept warm. After the smelting metal is completely melted, the furnace door is opened and lithium blocks are placed in. After refining with inert gas (argon), vacuum is drawn (5×10 -2 Pa) is refined again to remove impurities such as hydrogen, sodium, and potassium.

[0051] (6) After the aluminum liquid is evenly dissolved, remove the vacuum, open the furnace door, take out the crucible, remove the surface oxide layer, and pour the aluminum liquid into a water-cooled copper mold. After cooling, take out the sample to complete the smelting.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Taking the preparation of 50 grams of Al-Fe-Ni-Co-Cr high entropy alloy as an example, the implementation method is as follows:

[0054] (1) Adjust the pressure heads at both ends of the Gleeble to a suitable distance sufficient for the placement of the equipment system, and embed the clamping fixture into the pressure heads at both ends to keep them fixed and in good contact.

[0055] (2) The left clamping device is made to contact the left end face of the smelting device through the hydraulic drive device, and the smelting device and the right side are fixed firmly. The smelting device is placed in the groove between the clamping devices and fixed, and it is ensured that the electrodes at both ends of the smelting device connecting the resistance wire and the interface of the clamping device are in good contact.

[0056] (3) Connect a Gleeble thermocouple to a quartz crucible to monitor changes in the melting temperature, place the material to be melted (pure aluminum, pure iron, pure nickel, pure cobalt and pure chromium with a purity of 99.9%) into the quartz crucible, and then place the crucible into a melting device.

[0057] (4) Close the Gleeble furnace door and evacuate the furnace (to a vacuum of 5 × 10 -2Pa) and argon gas is passed, and Gleeble is used to control the heating rate and temperature of the resistance wire of the melting device through current (according to the formulated test plan: the high entropy alloy sample is heated at 10℃ / min, and different temperatures can be tried to select the optimal dissolution temperature) and the temperature in the Gleeble chamber is monitored at any time to avoid damaging the machine.

[0058] (5) Raise the temperature until the metal begins to melt and then keep it warm. After the smelted metal is completely melted, cool it to a solid state. Repeat the smelting five times to improve the uniformity of the material. Then, remove the vacuum, open the furnace door, take out the crucible, remove the surface oxide layer, and pour the molten metal into a water-cooled copper mold. After cooling, take out the sample to complete the smelting.

[0059] according to Figure 3 and Figure 4 According to the metallographic structure observation, the primary phases of the two alloys are evenly distributed, without obvious defects, and the smelting quality is good. In summary, after the smelting is completed, the temperature, heating rate, holding time and vacuum degree collected by Gleeble during the smelting process can be used, and the microstructure under different parameters can be observed by microscope. By analyzing these parameters, the best smelting process for different metals can be explored.

[0060] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0061] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system, comprising a Gleeble mainframe having a pressure head and a vacuum chamber, characterized in that: The vacuum chamber also includes a melting device and a clamping and fixing device, and the melting device is connected to the pressure head through the clamping and fixing device.

2. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smelting device comprises a crucible, an electrode, and an Hre resistance wire. The Hre resistance wire is arranged adjacent to the crucible for heating the raw materials therein, and the electrode is electrically connected to the Gleeble host to supply power to the Hre resistance wire.

3. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smelting device further comprises a silicate cavity, the inner cavity of which at least partially accommodates the crucible.

4. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Hre resistance wires are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the crucible.

5. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Hre resistance wires are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the crucible close to the bottom.

6. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The smelting device further comprises a temperature sensing device, which is used to detect the temperature of the molten metal in the crucible in a working state.

7. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature sensing device is selected from a thermocouple and a temperature sensor.

8. The Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and fixing device comprises a clamp and a driving device for limiting the movement of the clamp.

9. Use of the Gleeble vacuum melting equipment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in smelting small mass metal samples.

10. The method of application according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: A melting device is fixedly arranged in the vacuum chamber of the Gleeble main machine; After filling the crucible of the smelting device with an appropriate amount of raw materials to be smelted, start the Gleeble host to output current for heating and smelting, and monitor the working temperature during the smelting process; After reaching the smelting temperature, the process of heat preservation, refining, vacuum impurity removal and casting can be carried out.

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