Mining ground fracture monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a mining ground fissure monitoring system and method, and relates to the technical field of ground fissure monitoring, the mining ground fissure monitoring system comprises a laser assembly, a distributed optical fiber and a data processing assembly, the distributed optical fiber takes a mining ground fissure monitoring drill hole as a base point, and performs vertical and earth surface double-U-shaped deployment above a mining working face; the laser assembly emits laser to the distributed optical fiber, so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data and sends the strain data and / or temperature data to the data processing assembly; the data processing component determines a three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining ground fissures above the mining face based on the strain data and / or the temperature data. Based on the function and the deployment mode of the distributed optical fibers, the monitoring system can carry out three-dimensional real-time monitoring on the mining ground fissures, determines the three-dimensional space distribution of the mining ground fissures above the mining working face, improves the monitoring precision of the mining ground fissures, and also has the advantages of being high in monitoring efficiency and capable of carrying out real-time online monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ground fissure monitoring, and in particular to a mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] Coal mining causes the destruction and deformation of overlying rocks, ground subsidence, mining-induced ground fissures, soil erosion, and serious impacts on the ecological environment of the land in the coal mining area. Monitoring mining-induced ground fissures and obtaining the development and evolution laws of ground fissures are of great practical significance for the management of coal mining subsidence areas and ecological restoration in coal mining areas.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used method for monitoring ground fissures is interferometry with synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). InSAR obtains surface elevation data based on the phase difference of echoes received by satellites or aircraft. Although surface elevation data can reflect the distribution of ground fissures on the surface, it cannot reflect the three-dimensional spatial distribution of ground fissures, and there is a technical problem of low accuracy in monitoring ground fissures caused by mining. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for monitoring ground fissures caused by mining, so as to alleviate the technical problem of low accuracy in monitoring ground fissures caused by mining in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system, comprising: a laser component, a distributed optical fiber and a data processing component; one end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to the laser component, and the other end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to the data processing component; the distributed optical fiber is deployed in a double U-shape vertically and on the surface above the mining working face with the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring borehole as a base point; the laser component is used to emit laser to the distributed optical fiber, so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data, and sends the strain data and / or temperature data to the data processing component; the data processing component is used to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or temperature data.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, mining-induced ground cracks include: edge cracks and dynamic cracks; the number of distributed optical fibers is 2; one distributed optical fiber is deployed along the mining direction to monitor the dynamic cracks and edge cracks perpendicular to the mining direction; the other distributed optical fiber is deployed perpendicular to the mining direction to monitor the edge cracks parallel to the mining direction.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface in a double U-shape with the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring borehole as the base point above the mining working face, including: dividing all mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes into multiple rows of boreholes according to the deployment direction of the distributed optical fiber, and the direction of the row is parallel to the deployment direction; determining the starting point borehole, and controlling the distributed optical fiber to enter the starting point borehole from the surface along the wall of the starting point borehole, turning in a U-shape at the bottom of the starting point borehole, and returning to the surface along the wall of the borehole; extending the distributed optical fiber along the surface to the next borehole in the current row according to the deployment direction until the distributed optical fiber deployment is completed in all the boreholes in the current row; wherein the distributed optical fiber is deployed in each borehole in the same manner; controlling the distributed optical fiber to make a U-shape turn on the plane to extend to the next row of boreholes until the distributed optical fiber is deployed in all the boreholes.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, if the distributed optical fiber is deployed along the mining direction, the effective length of the surface optical fiber in a single row is greater than the length of the mining working face; if the distributed optical fiber is deployed along the direction perpendicular to the mining direction, the effective length of the surface optical fiber in a single row is greater than the width of the mining working face.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the data processing component includes: a laser demodulator and an inversion module for mining-induced ground fissures; the laser demodulator is used to demodulate strain data and / or temperature data to obtain a strain set and / or temperature set of all monitoring points in the distributed optical fiber deployment area; the inversion module for mining-induced ground fissures is used to determine abnormal monitoring points with sudden strain changes and / or sudden temperature changes in the distributed optical fiber deployment area based on the strain set and / or temperature set, and determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures based on the positions of all abnormal monitoring points.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the grid density of the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes is inversely proportional to the mining intensity of the mining face, and the drilling depth is less than the calculated height of the curved subsidence zone in the work area where the mining face is located.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the distributed optical fiber includes: a DAS single-mode optical fiber and / or a DTS multi-mode optical fiber; the DAS single-mode optical fiber is used to collect strain data; and the DTS multi-mode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring ground fissures caused by mining, which is applied to the ground fissure monitoring system caused by mining of any one of the aforementioned embodiments, comprising: emitting laser to a distributed optical fiber so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data; wherein the distributed optical fiber is deployed in a double U-shape vertically and on the surface above the mining working face with a mining ground fissure monitoring borehole as a base point; and receiving strain data and / or temperature data to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the ground fissures caused by mining above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or temperature data.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring method of the aforementioned embodiment are implemented.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring method of the aforementioned embodiment is implemented.

[0015] The mining ground fissure monitoring system provided by the present invention includes: a laser component, a distributed optical fiber and a data processing component, and the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface of the mining working face in a double U-shape with the mining ground fissure monitoring borehole as the base point, and the laser component emits laser to the distributed optical fiber so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data and sends it to the data processing component; the data processing component determines the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the mining ground fissures above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or temperature data. Based on the function of the distributed optical fiber and its deployment method, the monitoring system can perform three-dimensional stereoscopic real-time monitoring of the mining ground fissures, determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the mining ground fissures above the mining working face, and improve the monitoring accuracy of the mining ground fissures. In addition, the monitoring of mining ground fissures by distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring technology also has the advantages of high monitoring efficiency and real-time online monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plane distribution of ground fissures caused by mining;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a drilling profile;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a vertical U-shaped arrangement of distributed optical fibers in a row of multi-point boreholes;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a distributed optical fiber arranged in a U shape on the surface with a borehole as a base point;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] Optical fiber itself is a kind of sensing material. When light propagates inside the optical fiber, backscattering occurs due to changes in physical fields such as temperature, pressure and strain around the optical fiber, causing changes in parameters such as light wave amplitude, phase and frequency. Distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring is based on the principle of optical fiber sensing and performs long-term, large-scale and real-time online monitoring. It has the advantages of distribution, long distance, corrosion resistance, high sensitivity, high resolution and real-time performance. The embodiment of the present invention is based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology and proposes a mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the monitoring system includes: a laser component 10 , a distributed optical fiber 20 and a data processing component 30 .

[0029] One end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to the laser component, and the other end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to the data processing component.

[0030] The distributed optical fiber is deployed in a double U-shape vertically and on the surface above the mining face, with the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring borehole as the base point.

[0031] The laser component is used to emit laser to the distributed optical fiber, so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data, and sends the strain data and / or temperature data to the data processing component.

[0032] The data processing component is used to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures above the mining working face based on strain data and / or temperature data.

[0033] Specifically, in order to monitor ground fissures caused by mining in coal mining areas, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a ground fissure monitoring system caused by mining, which is composed of a laser component, a distributed optical fiber and a data processing component, and the laser component, the distributed optical fiber and the data processing component are connected in sequence. The distributed optical fiber can be a DAS single-mode optical fiber and / or a DTS multi-mode optical fiber. The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the structure of the distributed optical fiber, and the user can choose according to actual needs.

[0034] In order to accurately determine the size and development direction of mining-induced ground fissures, it is necessary to lay a certain number of mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes (hereinafter referred to as boreholes) above the mining working face in advance, and then use the boreholes as the base point to perform a double U-shaped deployment vertically and on the surface above the mining working face, that is, the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically in a U-shape in the boreholes and also in a U-shape on the surface. The U-shaped deployment of distributed optical fiber between adjacent rows of boreholes on the surface can also be understood as the S-shaped deployment of distributed optical fiber on the surface.

[0035] After the monitoring system is deployed on site, the monitoring of mining-induced ground fissures can be started. First, the laser component is turned on to emit laser to the distributed optical fiber. The distributed optical fiber can collect strain data and / or temperature data in real time and send the collected data to the data processing component. The data processing component analyzes and processes the above data to obtain the strain data and / or temperature data at each monitoring point in the entire optical fiber deployment area, thereby obtaining the spatial variation trend of strain and / or temperature, and then interpreting the area with sudden changes in strain and temperature as mining-induced ground fissures, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures above the mining working face. The data processing component can also reproduce the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of mining-induced ground fissures and the evolution law of ground fissures as mining progresses through a three-dimensional visualization method.

[0036] The mining ground fissure monitoring system provided by the present invention includes: a laser component, a distributed optical fiber and a data processing component, and the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface of the mining working face in a double U-shape with the mining ground fissure monitoring borehole as the base point, and the laser component emits laser to the distributed optical fiber so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data and sends it to the data processing component; the data processing component determines the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the mining ground fissures above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or temperature data. Based on the function of the distributed optical fiber and its deployment method, the monitoring system can perform three-dimensional stereoscopic real-time monitoring of the mining ground fissures, determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the mining ground fissures above the mining working face, and improve the monitoring accuracy of the mining ground fissures. In addition, the monitoring of mining ground fissures by distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring technology also has the advantages of high monitoring efficiency and real-time online monitoring.

[0037] In an optional implementation, the mining-induced ground cracks include: edge cracks and dynamic cracks; and the number of distributed optical fibers is 2.

[0038] A distributed optical fiber is deployed along the mining direction to monitor dynamic fractures and edge fractures perpendicular to the mining direction.

[0039] Another distributed optical fiber is deployed perpendicular to the mining direction to monitor the edge cracks parallel to the mining direction.

[0040] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the plane distribution of ground fissures caused by mining. The monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can monitor two types of ground fissures caused by mining, namely edge cracks and dynamic cracks. Figure 2 As shown, the edge cracks are located at the edge of the mining face, a part of the edge cracks are basically perpendicular to the mining direction, and the other part of the edge cracks are basically parallel to the mining direction; the dynamic cracks are located on the surface above the working face, and are basically perpendicular to the mining direction and move with the mining direction.

[0041] In order to better determine the size and development direction of ground cracks caused by mining, the distributed optical fiber should be deployed according to the characteristics of dynamic cracks and edge cracks. Specifically, in order to monitor dynamic cracks perpendicular to the mining direction, the distributed optical fiber needs to be laid out along the mining direction; in order to monitor some edge cracks parallel to the mining direction, the distributed optical fiber needs to be laid out perpendicular to the mining direction; in order to monitor some edge cracks perpendicular to the mining direction, the distributed optical fiber needs to be laid out along the mining direction. Therefore, the monitoring system of an embodiment of the present invention uses two distributed optical fibers, one is deployed along the mining direction to monitor dynamic cracks and edge cracks perpendicular to the mining direction, and the other is deployed perpendicular to the mining direction to monitor edge cracks parallel to the mining direction.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the grid density of the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes is inversely proportional to the mining intensity of the mining face, and the drilling depth is less than the calculated height of the curved subsidence zone in the work area where the mining face is located.

[0043] Specifically, in order to monitor the ground fissures caused by mining, drill holes are arranged above the working face according to a certain grid density. The size of the drill hole grid is related to the mining intensity of the mining working face. When the mining intensity is low, the drill hole grid density is relatively large; when the mining intensity is high, the drill hole grid density is relatively small. In other words, when the mining intensity is high, it is necessary to increase the density of drill holes to ensure accurate control of the monitoring of mining-induced ground fissures.

[0044] Considering that mining-induced ground fissures usually develop near the surface and are buried at a shallow depth, the depth of the borehole needs to refer to the development law of the coal mining caving zone, fissure zone and curved subsidence zone (referred to as the "three zones"), and determine the depth of the borehole based on the calculated height of the curved subsidence zone. Generally, the borehole depth is less than the calculated height of the curved subsidence zone in the work area where the mining working face is located. In other words, if Figure 3 As shown, the drilling depth should not exceed the bottom interface of the new formation.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface in a double U-shape above the mining working face with the mining ground fissure monitoring borehole as the base point, specifically including the following contents:

[0046] According to the deployment direction of the distributed optical fiber, all the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes are divided into multiple rows of boreholes, and the direction of the rows is parallel to the deployment direction.

[0047] The starting point of the borehole is determined, and the distributed optical fiber is controlled to enter the starting point borehole from the surface along the wall of the starting point borehole, turn in a U shape at the bottom of the starting point borehole, and return to the surface along the wall of the well.

[0048] The distributed optical fiber is extended along the ground surface to the next borehole in the current row according to the deployment direction until all the boreholes in the current row have completed the distributed optical fiber deployment; wherein the distributed optical fiber is deployed in each borehole in the same manner.

[0049] The distributed optical fiber is controlled to make a U-turn on the plane to extend to the next row of boreholes until the distributed optical fiber is deployed in all the boreholes.

[0050] According to the above description of the distributed optical fiber deployment method, the distributed optical fiber adopts a multi-point layout method, that is, a number of single boreholes are connected in series using distributed optical fibers. The multi-point layout optical fiber can be arranged parallel to the mining direction or perpendicular to the mining direction based on the development characteristics of the ground fissures.

[0051] The double U-shaped deployment method of distributed optical fiber is as follows: single-point drilling adopts vertical U-shaped fiber layout, that is, the optical fiber is placed into the borehole from the ground along the borehole wall, turns in a U shape at the bottom of the borehole, and returns to the ground surface along the wall. After the optical fiber is laid out in the starting point borehole according to the above method, the optical fiber extends along the ground surface to the next borehole opening in the row where the starting point borehole is located, and then returns to the hole opening after a U-shaped turn at the bottom of the hole according to the single-point drilling fiber layout method, and continues to lay out the next borehole fiber, and so on. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vertical U-shaped arrangement of distributed optical fibers in a row of multi-point boreholes.

[0052] When the distributed optical fiber is arranged to the end drill hole of a row, the distributed optical fiber makes a U-turn on the plane and extends to the next row of drill holes. The distributed optical fiber continues to be arranged according to the arrangement method of the previous row until all the drill holes are arranged. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a distributed optical fiber arranged in a U shape on the ground with a borehole as the base point. According to the description of the deployment direction of the distributed optical fiber in the above text, Figure 5 The distributed optical fiber is deployed perpendicular to the mining direction and is used to monitor edge cracks parallel to the mining direction.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, if the distributed optical fiber is deployed along the mining direction, the effective length of the surface optical fiber in a single row is greater than the length of the mining working surface; if the distributed optical fiber is deployed along the direction perpendicular to the mining direction, the effective length of the surface optical fiber in a single row is greater than the width of the mining working surface.

[0054] Specifically, in order to ensure that the monitoring range of the distributed optical fiber can cover the mining-induced ground fissures generated by the entire mining working face, the length of the optical fiber deployed in a single row should be based on the length L and width W of the working face. The length of the optical fiber parallel to the mining direction (that is, deployed along the mining direction) should be greater than the length L of the working face, and the length of the optical fiber perpendicular to the mining direction (that is, deployed along the vertical mining direction) should be greater than the width W of the working face.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the data processing component includes: a laser demodulator and a mining-induced ground fissure inversion module.

[0056] The laser demodulator is used to demodulate the strain data and / or temperature data to obtain the strain set and / or temperature set of all monitoring points in the distributed optical fiber deployment area.

[0057] The mining-induced ground fissure inversion module is used to determine abnormal monitoring points of strain mutation and / or temperature mutation in the distributed optical fiber deployment area based on strain set and / or temperature set, and determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures based on the positions of all abnormal monitoring points.

[0058] Specifically, the strain data and / or temperature data collected by the distributed optical fiber need to be demodulated by a laser demodulator to obtain the actual strain and / or temperature of each monitoring point in the distributed optical fiber deployment area. Next, the mining-induced ground fissure inversion module inverts the strain set and / or temperature set of all monitoring points. The inversion here can also be the identification of abnormal data in the statistical field to determine the abnormal monitoring points with sudden strain changes and / or sudden temperature changes in the distributed optical fiber deployment area. The location of the abnormal monitoring point can be interpreted as the location of the mining-induced ground fissure. Therefore, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the mining-induced ground fissure can be determined based on the location of all abnormal monitoring points.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the distributed optical fiber includes: a DAS single-mode optical fiber and / or a DTS multi-mode optical fiber; the DAS single-mode optical fiber is used to collect strain data; and the DTS multi-mode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data.

[0060] Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) are two methods in the current distributed fiber optic sensing technology. DAS single-mode optical fiber is used for strain measurement of laser backscattering Rayleigh, and DTS multi-mode optical fiber is used for temperature measurement of Raman light scattering. By collecting ground fissure strain data by DAS, the three-dimensional spatial strain distribution characteristics of ground fissures during coal mining can be obtained; by collecting ground fissure temperature data by DTS, the three-dimensional spatial temperature change law of ground fissures under coal mining conditions can be obtained.

[0061] In order to improve the monitoring accuracy of ground fissures caused by mining, DAS can be combined with DTS distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring, that is, the distributed optical fiber uses a composite optical fiber composed of DAS single-mode optical fiber and DTS multi-mode optical fiber. The single-mode optical fiber is used to collect strain data, and the multi-mode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data. If the distributed optical fiber selects DAS single-mode optical fiber or DTS multi-mode optical fiber, the collection of monitoring data of ground fissures caused by mining can also be achieved, but the monitoring accuracy / reliability of monitoring results is inferior to the method using composite optical fiber.

[0062] In summary, compared with the existing ground fissure monitoring technology, the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can collect strain data and temperature data at the same time if the distributed optical fiber adopts DAS single-mode optical fiber and DTS multi-mode optical fiber for joint monitoring, and the time sampling interval of the monitoring data can be in seconds, which can effectively improve the monitoring efficiency of mining-induced ground fissures. In addition, the double U-shaped spatial layout of the distributed optical fiber can perform three-dimensional real-time monitoring of mining-induced ground fissures, effectively determine the three-dimensional spatial morphology of mining-induced ground fissures, and improve the monitoring accuracy of mining-induced ground fissures. Moreover, the use of distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring technology for mining-induced ground fissure monitoring also has the advantage of real-time online monitoring.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for monitoring ground fissures caused by mining, which is applied to the ground fissure monitoring system caused by mining provided in the first embodiment. The method for monitoring ground fissures caused by mining specifically includes the following contents:

[0065] Laser is emitted to the distributed optical fiber so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data; wherein the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface in a double U-shape above the mining working face with the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring borehole as a base point.

[0066] The strain data and / or the temperature data are received to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the mining-induced ground fissures above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or the temperature data.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiment 1 has described in detail the deployment method and working principle of the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system, which will not be repeated here. Please refer to the above for details.

[0068] Embodiment 3

[0069] See also Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor 60, a memory 61, a bus 62 and a communication interface 63, the processor 60, the communication interface 63 and the memory 61 are connected through the bus 62; the processor 60 is used to execute an executable module stored in the memory 61, such as a computer program.

[0070] The memory 61 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The communication connection between the system network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 63 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.

[0071] The bus 62 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, Figure 6 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0072] Among them, the memory 61 is used to store programs, and the processor 60 executes the program after receiving the execution instruction. The method executed by the device defined by the process disclosed in any embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the processor 60 or implemented by the processor 60.

[0073] The processor 60 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit or software instructions in the processor 60. The above processor 60 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor to be executed, or the hardware and software modules in the decoding processor can be executed. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 61, and the processor 60 reads the information in the memory 61 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0074] A computer program product of a mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system and method provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing non-volatile program code executable by a processor. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method in the previous method embodiment. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0075] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0076] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0077] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0078] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0079] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0080] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system, characterized in that: include: laser components, distributed fiber optics, and data processing components; One end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to the laser component, and the other end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to the data processing component; The distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface in a double U-shape above the mining working face, taking the mining ground fissure monitoring borehole as the base point; The laser component is used to emit laser to the distributed optical fiber, so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data, and sends the strain data and / or temperature data to the data processing component; The data processing component is used to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or temperature data.

2. The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mining-induced ground cracks include: edge cracks and dynamic cracks; the number of the distributed optical fibers is 2; A distributed optical fiber is deployed along the mining direction to monitor dynamic fractures and edge fractures perpendicular to the mining direction; Another distributed optical fiber is deployed perpendicular to the mining direction to monitor the edge cracks parallel to the mining direction.

3. The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The distributed optical fiber is based on the mining ground fissure monitoring borehole and is deployed vertically and on the surface in a double U-shape above the mining working face, including: Dividing all mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes into multiple rows of boreholes according to the deployment direction of the distributed optical fiber, wherein the direction of the rows is parallel to the deployment direction; Determine the starting point drilling, and control the distributed optical fiber to enter the starting point drilling hole from the ground surface along the wall of the starting point drilling hole, turn in a U shape at the bottom of the starting point drilling hole, and return to the ground surface along the wall of the hole; Extending the distributed optical fiber along the ground surface to the next borehole in the current row according to the deployment direction until all boreholes in the current row have completed the distributed optical fiber deployment; wherein the distributed optical fiber is deployed in each borehole in the same manner; The distributed optical fiber is controlled to make a U-turn on the plane to extend to the next row of boreholes until the distributed optical fiber is deployed in all the boreholes.

4. The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: If the distributed optical fiber is deployed along the mining direction, the effective length of the surface optical fiber in a single row is greater than the length of the mining working face; If the distributed optical fiber is deployed along the vertical mining direction, the effective length of the surface optical fiber in a single row is greater than the width of the mining working face.

5. The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing component includes: a laser demodulator and a mining-induced ground fissure inversion module; The laser demodulator is used to demodulate the strain data and / or temperature data to obtain a strain set and / or temperature set of all monitoring points in the distributed optical fiber deployment area; The mining-induced ground fissure inversion module is used to determine abnormal monitoring points of strain mutation and / or temperature mutation in the distributed optical fiber deployment area based on the strain set and / or temperature set, and determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures based on the positions of all abnormal monitoring points.

6. The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid density of the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring boreholes is inversely proportional to the mining intensity of the mining face, and the drilling depth is less than the calculated height of the curved subsidence zone in the work area where the mining face is located.

7. The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed optical fiber includes: DAS single-mode optical fiber and / or DTS multi-mode optical fiber; The DAS single-mode optical fiber is used to collect strain data; The DTS multimode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data.

8. A method for monitoring ground fissures caused by mining, characterized in that: The mining-induced ground fissure monitoring system used in any one of claims 1 to 7 above comprises: Emitting laser light to the distributed optical fiber so that the distributed optical fiber collects strain data and / or temperature data; wherein the distributed optical fiber is deployed vertically and on the surface in a double U-shape above the mining working face with the mining ground fissure monitoring borehole as a base point; The strain data and / or temperature data are received to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution of mining-induced ground fissures above the mining working face based on the strain data and / or temperature data.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the mining-induced ground fissure monitoring method according to claim 8 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method for monitoring ground fissures caused by mining as described in claim 8 is implemented.

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