Full-automatic adaptive current-carrying friction-wear test system and method for conductive slip ring

Abstract

The invention provides a full-automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction wear test system and method.The system comprises a test bench and a first test main body part installed on the test bench, the first test main body part comprises a first driving part and a transmission part which are connected with each other, and the transmission part is used for installing a to-be-tested conductive slip ring and driving the to-be-tested conductive slip ring to rotate; and the second test main body part comprises a clamping part and an automatic compensation part which are connected with each other, the clamping part is used for installing brush wires, and the automatic compensation part is used for driving the clamping part to move until the brush wires on the clamping part are in contact with the conductive slip ring to be tested in the rotating state. Wherein the brush wires are externally connected with a power supply; and the second driving part is used for receiving the mechanical parameters acquired by each mechanical sensor and adjusting the contact position between the brush wire and the conductive slip ring to be tested so as to maintain a constant loading condition. The system provided by the invention solves the problem that the self-adaptive adjustment of the outer diameter of the conductive slip ring and the automatic compensation of the abrasion loss cannot be realized in the current friction and abrasion performance test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and in particular to a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of cutting-edge aerospace and marine electronic equipment, the demand for high transmission power, high information flux, low noise and long life electrical conduction is growing, among which the conductive slip ring is a key component that determines the comprehensive performance of the above equipment. Conductive slip rings (or "electric slip rings") are high-precision power transmission devices used to realize the transmission of electrical signals and currents between stationary and rotating mechanisms. They are suitable for scenarios that require unlimited, continuous or intermittent rotation, and at the same time need to transmit power signals or data signals from the stationary area to the rotating area. They are widely used in aerospace equipment, radar communication equipment, medical equipment, automatic processing equipment and other scenarios.

[0003] The technical indicators for designing slip rings are very complex, and need to be considered from many aspects such as rated current, rated voltage, and operating speed. These complex design standards make the detection of the performance of conductive slip rings very important. In order to ensure that the performance of conductive slip rings can meet actual needs and will not fail prematurely due to mechanical wear, electrical wear, etc. in actual use, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the current-carrying performance and friction and wear performance of the produced conductive slip ring materials. The development of current-carrying friction test equipment and methods can promote the design and development of high-performance conductive slip rings.

[0004] The friction and wear performance test cycle of the conductive slip ring is long and the parameter variables are complex. However, the existing conductive slip ring test benches are mostly for slip ring components / parts, and lack experimental evaluation devices for parts such as brush wires and slip rings, which restricts the R&D cycle and experimental costs. In addition, the test bench needs to rely on different tooling designs for different slip rings, and cannot achieve adaptive adjustment of the outer diameter of the slip ring and real-time compensation of wear. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system to solve the problem that the adaptive adjustment of the outer diameter of the conductive slip ring itself and the automatic compensation of the wear amount cannot be achieved in the current friction and wear performance test. The second purpose of the present invention is to propose a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test method.

[0006] To achieve one of the objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system, the technical solution adopted is: A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system, the system comprising: a test bench, and installed on the test bench: The first test main body comprises a first driving part and a transmission part which are connected to each other, wherein the transmission part is used to install the conductive slip ring to be tested and drive the conductive slip ring to be tested to rotate; The second test body part comprises a clamping part and an automatic compensation part connected to each other, wherein the clamping part is used to install the brush wire, and the automatic compensation part is used to drive the clamping part to move to the point where the brush wire contacts the conductive slip ring to be tested in a rotating state; wherein the brush wire is externally connected to a power supply; Wherein, the automatic compensation unit includes a second driving unit and a plurality of mechanical sensors; The second driving unit is used to receive the mechanical parameters collected by each of the mechanical sensors and adjust the contact position between the brush wire and the conductive slip ring to be tested to maintain a constant loading condition.

[0007] Optionally, the automatic compensation part further includes a motion mechanism, which is respectively connected to the second driving part and the clamping part to convert the torque output by the second driving part into a linear motion of the clamping part.

[0008] Optionally, the motion mechanism includes any one of a screw nut structure, a crank slider structure and a worm gear structure.

[0009] Optionally, the moving end of the motion mechanism is connected to the clamping portion via an elastic element.

[0010] Optionally, the transmission part includes: A bearing seat, arranged on the test bench; A main shaft, axially passing through the bearing seat, and an axial bottom end of which is connected to the first driving part; A transmission connection piece, which is arranged at the axial top end of the main shaft and is tightly connected to the conductive slip ring to be tested; Wherein, the test bench is equipped with a plurality of telescopic legs.

[0011] Optionally, the transmission connection comprises a sleeve and an end cover, and the end cover is configured to slide axially relative to the main shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the clamping portion and the transmission connection member both include insulating materials.

[0013] Optionally, a hole is corresponding to the area of ​​the clamping portion where the brush wire is installed, a threaded sleeve is installed in the hole, and a gap between the threaded sleeve and the hole is filled with curing glue; and fasteners are arranged on opposite sides of the brush wire.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of the automatic compensation parts are provided, and the plurality of the automatic compensation parts are interconnected to jointly drive the clamping part to move in multiple directions.

[0015] To achieve the second purpose, the second aspect of the present invention provides a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test method, the technical solution adopted is: A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test method, relying on the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system provided by the first aspect of the present invention to perform the test, the test method comprising: Install the conductive slip ring to be tested on the transmission part of the first test main body; Mounting the brush wire on the clamping portion of the second test body and energizing the brush wire; Turning on the first driving part of the first test main body to drive the conductive slip ring to be tested to rotate through the transmission part; Turning on the second driving part of the automatic compensation part of the second test main body part, driving the clamping part to move until the brush wire thereon contacts with the conductive slip ring to be tested in a rotating state, and forms a current path with the conductive slip ring to be tested; The second driving unit receives the mechanical parameters collected by each mechanical sensor and adjusts the contact position between the brush wire and the conductive slip ring to be tested to maintain a constant loading condition.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following significant improvements: The test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can fully simulate the actual use of the conductive slip ring under complex working conditions, especially the test under complex working conditions such as high current carrying, variable speed and variable current, which can greatly improve the credibility of the experimental data and the simulation ability of the actual working conditions, so as to more realistically predict the performance of the conductive slip ring in long-term use, thereby obtaining more accurate and practical test data. In addition, it can also perform dynamic compensation according to the amount of wear or the type of slip ring, which makes up for the problems of poor adaptability and inability to dynamically compensate for wear in traditional tests. The fully automated adaptive system not only greatly improves the test efficiency, reduces the error in the test process, and improves the accuracy and stability of the test, but also has important technical and market value. In addition, the design can adapt to a variety of outer diameters, speeds and current conditions, improve the versatility and adaptability of the test, and meet the long-term automatic testing requirements of high-precision conductive slip rings of different models. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the existing conductive slip ring; Figure 2 This is the main structure diagram of the existing conductive slip ring; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear testing system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the threaded sleeve described in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second main structure of the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear testing system described in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a flowchart of the steps of a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test method described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Test bench; 2. Second drive unit; 3. Automatic compensation unit; 31. Lead screw; 32. Nut; 4. First drive unit; 5. Conductive slip ring to be tested; 6. Brush wire; 7. Clamping unit; 8. Elastic element; 9. Mechanical sensor; 10. Connecting block; 11. Fixture support; 12. Bearing seat; 13. Coupling; 14. Main shaft; 15. Telescopic support foot; 16. Sleeve; 17. End cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The working principle and overall structure of the existing conductive slip ring are shown respectively. It can be seen that the conductive slip ring is mainly composed of key parts such as slip ring, brush, bearing, stator, rotor, stator end wire and rotor end wire. The filament brush is fixed to the stator through a brush holder or other structure, and is maintained under a certain contact pressure to form an electrical contact with the slip ring. The wire is connected to the external circuit or device to transmit current or signal. The slip ring is installed on the rotating part. When the rotor rotates, the slip ring itself rotates accordingly, and the fixed brush is always in contact with the rotating slip ring surface, and the electrical signal or current is transmitted from the fixed part to the rotating part through these contact points.

[0022] Therefore, the frictional contact between the slip ring and the brush will inevitably cause wear. Wear directly affects the performance, reliability and service life of the slip ring. Since the conductive slip ring has a wide range of applications and is often in a key position in industrial instruments, there are many theoretical and experimental studies at home and abroad on the causes of friction and wear of conductive slip rings, the impact of friction and wear on the performance of conductive slip rings, and how to improve the performance of conductive slip rings by selecting more suitable materials, improving production processes or using methods.

[0023] In scientific research, researchers are more concerned about the impact of various experimental conditions on the performance of the material itself. However, due to the complex working conditions and many influencing factors of actual conductive slip rings, there are few overall experiments directly targeting actual conductive slip rings. From the perspective of experimental instruments, the indicators tested by commercial conductive slip ring test instruments are the dynamic contact resistance, insulation resistance and service life of conductive slip rings, and there are no instruments directly targeting the testing of their friction and wear performance.

[0024] At present, the through-hole conductive slip ring test instruments used in laboratories to test friction and wear performance are also directly oriented to material performance. The test conditions are not exactly the same as the actual working conditions of the conductive slip ring. Therefore, its experimental data cannot fully reflect the overall performance of the conductive slip ring in actual use.

[0025] In the related art, the reciprocating friction and wear test instrument for the friction and wear performance of conductive slip rings can only be applied to conductive slip rings with a specific outer diameter, and it is impossible to achieve adaptive and fully automated measurement of the friction coefficient and wear rate, which seriously affects its versatility. The conductive slip ring-based electrical contact wear test bench cannot adjust the measurement diameter, nor can it compensate for the wear generated in the experiment. The high-speed, high-current sliding current-carrying friction and wear tester is only suitable for high-speed, high-current research conditions. At the same time, the front end of the measuring section is too large and too heavy, which will produce deflection deformation due to gravity, and will vibrate when driven by the motor. The vibration displacement will seriously interfere with the measurement process. The above-mentioned shortcomings significantly affect the application and control of the contact stress of the current-carrying friction interface, restricting the accuracy and reliability of the current-carrying friction test.

[0026] It can be seen that there is a wide demand for basic research on friction and wear of electric slip rings, but the existing test instrument design has shortcomings such as complex operation, low loading accuracy, and insufficient model adaptability, which cannot fully meet the research and development needs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a component-level current-carrying friction test device for brush wires and slip rings to achieve adaptive matching of outer diameters and high-precision feedback control of contact stress, so as to overcome the functional limitations of existing experimental devices such as tooling dependence and lack of wear compensation, and improve the research and development agility and performance reliability of current-carrying friction materials.

[0027] Based on this, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 The main structure diagram of the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 The front view structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system of the present invention is shown. The first aspect of the present invention provides a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system, the system comprising: a test bench 1, and installed on the test bench 1: a first test main body, including a first drive part 4 and a transmission part connected to each other, the transmission part is used to install the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, and drive the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested to rotate; a second test main body, including a clamping part 7 and an automatic compensation part 3 connected to each other, the clamping part 7 is used to install a brush wire 6, and the automatic compensation part 3 is used to drive the clamping part 7 to move to the brush wire 6 thereon and contact the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested in a rotating state; wherein the brush wire 6 is externally connected to a power supply; wherein the automatic compensation part 3 comprises a second drive part 2 and a plurality of mechanical sensors 9; the second drive part 2 is used to receive the mechanical parameters collected by each of the mechanical sensors 9, and adjust the contact position between the brush wire 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested to maintain a constant loading condition.

[0028] Specifically, the test bench 1 is the supporting structure of the entire system and serves as a carrier for the test. The test bench 1 can be a stand or a support plate, which is designed to install all components, such as the first test body and the second test body and their corresponding mounting parts. In this embodiment, the first test body is vertically arranged relative to the test bench 1, and the second test body is horizontally arranged on the test bench 1. The portion of the first test body arranged vertically on which the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested is installed is on the table surface, so as to be opposite to the portion of the second test body on the table surface on which the brush 6 is installed, and the remaining portion is located below the table surface.

[0029] It can be understood that the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested can be a simplified structure of a common conductive slip ring structure, retaining the main structure, such as the conductive contact surface and support part of the slip ring. The geometric shape, material and other properties of the slip ring are consistent with those of a conventional slip ring, and are used to cooperate with the assembled brush wire 6 and carry current. The conductive slip ring 5 to be tested is installed on the transmission part, and the friction and wear performance of the entire conductive slip ring sample can be evaluated as a whole.

[0030] The conductive slip ring 5 to be tested is installed on the transmission part, which is connected to the first driving part 4 and is responsible for transmitting the power of the first driving part 4 to the conductive slip ring to rotate it, so as to simulate the working state of the conductive slip ring in actual working conditions.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first driving part 4 may include a DC motor, an AC motor, a servo motor, a stepper motor, a hydraulic drive motor or a pneumatic drive motor, etc. Preferably, a DC motor is used to drive the transmission part to rotate.

[0032] In some embodiments, the transmission part can transmit the torque of the first driving part 4 to the guide slip ring to be tested by means of gear transmission, coupling 13, belt transmission, chain, etc. Preferably, the coupling 13 is used to drive the guide slip ring to be tested to rotate.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first driving unit 4 may be provided with a frequency converter to adjust the rotation speed to simulate different operating conditions.

[0034] Specifically, the clamping part 7 fixes the brush wire 6 and drives it to contact the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested. In practical applications, current transmission is required between the slip ring and the brush wire 6. When the conductive slip ring operates under current-carrying conditions, the current directly affects the wear performance of the conductive slip ring. Therefore, in this embodiment, the brush wire 6 is connected to an external power supply through a cable to transmit current to the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, so as to simulate the working conditions of the conductive slip ring under current-carrying conditions and ensure the coupling of electrical and mechanical properties. By measuring under current-carrying conditions, the friction and wear characteristics of the conductive slip ring in the actual working environment can be truly reflected, so that the test results can better match the actual application conditions.

[0035] The brush wire 6 can also be a voltage and current sensor for detecting the current and voltage during the current carrying process.

[0036] In some embodiments, different operating conditions can be simulated by adjusting the current.

[0037] In some embodiments, the clamping portion 7 may include a rigid clamp, a flexible clamp, an adjustable clamp, or the like.

[0038] For example, the clamping portion 7 can be a U-shaped plate arranged transversely, with an opening facing one side of the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested on the table. Two holes are respectively opened on the parallel sides of the U-shaped plate for two brush wires 6 to pass through, and the brush wires 6 are assembled on the fixture. When the two brush wires 6 are in contact with the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, the current flows in from the first brush wire 6 bundle when power is turned on, and flows out from the second brush wire 6 bundle after passing through the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, so as to ensure the current transmission characteristics of the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested under the current-carrying condition.

[0039] In some embodiments, a portion of the U-shaped plate can be extended on both side edges to serve as a baffle, which can isolate the charged brush wire 6 from electrical contact with other components and can also serve as a support for installing the mechanical sensor 9.

[0040] In some embodiments, a connecting member may be further provided to connect the clamping portion 7 to the automatic compensation portion 3. In this embodiment, the connecting member may be a flexible connecting structure, preferably an elastic element 8.

[0041] In some embodiments, a connecting block 10 may also be provided, and the clamp, the mechanical sensor 9 and the automatic compensation part 3 may be connected in a preset shape through the baffle, the connecting piece and the connecting block 10 .

[0042] In the process of testing the friction and wear performance, different mechanical parameters can be tested. In this embodiment, the mechanical parameters may include one or a combination of normal pressure, friction force and contact surface morphology data. Combined with the electrical performance of the current flowing through the slip ring, the friction and wear performance of the slip ring under actual current-carrying conditions can be evaluated.

[0043] Correspondingly, the mechanical sensor 9 can be a one-dimensional force sensor, a two-dimensional force sensor, a three-dimensional force sensor, etc.

[0044] In some embodiments, a plurality of mechanical sensors 9 can be provided, which are installed at different positions to measure different mechanical parameters. For example, the number of mechanical sensors 9 can be two or more.

[0045] As a specific explanation of this embodiment, measuring the normal pressure and friction force are key factors in evaluating the friction and wear performance of the conductive slip ring, and the two respectively reflect the contact state, friction behavior and wear between the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested and the brush wire 6. Among them, the normal pressure is the vertical force applied by the brush wire 6 to the slip ring when the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested contacts the brush wire 6. The friction force is the horizontal force between the brush wire 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested. Therefore, the real-time recording and measurement of the friction force by the mechanical sensor 9 can directly reflect the contact quality between the slip ring and the brush wire 6, the change of the friction coefficient and its influence on the friction and wear.

[0046] Among them, the size of the positive pressure directly affects the size of the friction force. Therefore, in the friction and wear experiment, the positive pressure needs to be kept constant, otherwise it will lead to uneven friction force and affect the repeatability and reliability of the test data.

[0047] In one embodiment, in the friction and wear experiment, as the test proceeds, the contact portion between the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested and the brush wire 6 will wear, resulting in changes in the morphology of the contact surface, thereby affecting the mechanical parameters. The automatic compensation unit 3 provided in this embodiment obtains the mechanical parameters in real time, dynamically adjusts the position of the clamping unit 7 through the second driving unit 2, thereby changing the contact position between the brush wire 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, and compensates for this wear by dynamically adjusting the position, so as to compensate for the parameter changes caused by wear and maintain constant test conditions.

[0048] Preferably, when the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested and the brush wire 6 are worn during the friction process, the positive pressure changes. The sensor monitors the positive pressure data between the brush wire 6 in contact with the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested in real time. The second driving part 2 adjusts the position of the clamping part 7 according to the change of the positive pressure, and can compensate for the wear generated in the experiment by increasing or decreasing the contact force between the brush wire 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, and maintain the load constant and basically unchanged, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0049] In another embodiment, based on the same principle, in the friction and wear experiment, in addition to compensating for the wear generated in the experiment, the function of adjustable measurable radius of the conductive slip ring can also be realized. When the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested has different sizes, the compensation mechanism of the automatic compensation unit 3 can adjust the contact position with the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested as needed, realize adaptive loading of conductive slip rings with different outer diameters, ensure that the test conditions are always maintained constant, so that the loading force and method can be automatically adjusted according to different slip ring models and test conditions to adapt to different test requirements. At the same time, one-button fully automated measurement is realized, reducing manual operation and improving test efficiency.

[0050] As a specific explanation of the above embodiment, the second drive unit 2, the clamping unit 7 and a plurality of mechanical sensors 9 are combined to form an automatic compensation system based on the negative feedback control principle. The mechanical sensor 9 monitors the positive pressure (vertical direction) and friction (horizontal direction) applied by the brush 6 to the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested in real time, and transmits the positive pressure data to the second drive unit 2, which compares the real-time measured positive pressure data with the set value. If there is a difference between the two (for example, pressure changes caused by wear or pressure changes caused by radius adjustment), the second drive unit 2 controls the movement of the motion mechanism connected to the clamping unit 7 to adjust the position of the fixture so that the positive pressure between the contact surfaces is compensated in real time, thereby keeping the pressure constant.

[0051] In some embodiments, in addition to compensating for the wear generated in the experiment according to the change in the positive pressure, the second driving unit 2 can also compensate according to other factors, such as surface morphology changes, so as to more comprehensively simulate the actual working conditions and ensure the reliability and accuracy of the experimental data.

[0052] Exemplarily, the second driving unit 2 can adjust the position of the clamping unit 7 according to the change in surface morphology. As the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested and the brush wire 6 rub against each other, a certain amount of wear will occur on the surface, resulting in changes in the surface morphology (such as wear marks, changes in roughness, local deformation, etc.). A surface morphology sensor, a laser scanner, or a micro sensor can be used to monitor the wear of the surface of the conductive slip ring. The second driving unit 2 adjusts the position of the fixture, the direction of force or the contact angle according to the wear. When the contact surface between the conductive slip ring and the brush wire 6 is uneven, the position adjustment compensates for the local wear, so that the contact surface maintains a good contact quality.

[0053] As a further explanation of this embodiment, the position of the clamping portion 7 can be adjusted in multiple directions by combining multiple automatic compensation portions 3. In some embodiments, the contact angle of the clamping portion 7 can also be changed by corresponding angle adjustment devices.

[0054] In some embodiments, parameters that can be compensated may also include temperature, contact position, and other environmental conditions.

[0055] In some embodiments, under more complex experimental conditions, a variety of mechanical parameters can be used to compensate for changes in contact area caused by wear, and the loading method can be adjusted in real time according to the friction and wear generated during the test to maintain constant test conditions and ensure the accuracy and continuity of the test results.

[0056] In some embodiments, the amount of wear caused by abrasion can be compensated by any mechanical parameter.

[0057] In summary, the test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can simulate the actual use of the conductive slip ring under complex working conditions, especially the test under complex working conditions such as current carrying, rotation speed and current change, which can greatly improve the credibility of the experimental data and the simulation ability of the actual working conditions, so as to more realistically predict the performance of the conductive slip ring in long-term use, thereby obtaining more accurate and practical test data. It can also perform dynamic compensation according to the amount of wear or the type of slip ring, making up for the problems of poor adaptability and inability to dynamically compensate for wear in traditional tests. The automated adaptive system not only greatly improves the test efficiency and reduces the error in the test process, but also improves the accuracy and stability of the test. It has important technical and market value and is particularly suitable for long-term testing of high-precision equipment such as conductive slip rings. In addition, the design can adapt to a variety of outer diameters, rotation speeds and current conditions, improve the versatility and adaptability of the test, and meet the automatic testing requirements of conductive slip rings of different models.

[0058] As a further explanation of this embodiment, in order to accurately measure the normal pressure and friction force, the installation of multiple mechanical sensors 9 is reasonably designed according to the direction of the force and the measurement target. Therefore, for the mechanical sensor 9 measuring the normal pressure, it is preferred to install the mechanical sensor 9 in the vertical direction of the contact surface between the brush wire 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be measured, so as to accurately sense the normal force applied by the brush wire 6 on the surface of the conductive slip ring. For the mechanical sensor 9 measuring the friction force, it is installed on the side of the brush wire 6 to accurately sense the horizontal friction force generated when the brush wire 6 slides on the surface of the conductive slip ring 5 to be measured.

[0059] In a specific installation, the mechanical sensor 9 can be directly installed at a corresponding position of the brush wire 6 or installed on a bracket in contact with the brush wire 6 .

[0060] Exemplarily, two first mechanical sensors 9 for measuring friction are fixed to the two side baffles of the U-shaped plate by bolts, the two first mechanical sensors 9 are respectively connected to two second mechanical sensors 9 for measuring positive pressure through connecting blocks 10, and the two second mechanical sensors 9 are installed on the elastic element 8 through the connecting blocks 10, and the elastic element 8 is connected to the second driving part 2 through a motion mechanism.

[0061] In this embodiment, in order to control the cost of the mechanical structure of the entire prototype, four one-dimensional force sensors are used and decoupled to obtain synchronous real-time high-precision measurement of normal pressure and friction force. Its range is 0~100g, the theoretical maximum resolution is 0.01g, and the sampling frequency is 10Hz, which can meet the test requirements. In order to control the influence of factors such as torque and bending moment on the measurement results, the axis of the force in the non-force measurement direction is designed to pass through the center of the mechanical sensor 9 as much as possible to avoid interference. Before final use, the force sensor value is calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0062] Furthermore, the automatic compensation part 3 also includes a motion mechanism, which is connected to the second drive part 2 and the clamping part 7 respectively, so as to convert the torque output by the second drive part 2 into the linear motion of the clamping part 7. In this embodiment, the second drive part 2, such as a stepper motor, generates a rotational motion, and the motion mechanism converts the rotational motion into a horizontal movement of the clamping part 7 using a motion mechanism such as a thread and a gear, thereby adjusting the measured distance between the brush 6 and the conductive slip ring. If the mechanical sensor 9 detects a change in the positive pressure, the second drive part 2 starts to rotate, and the motion mechanism is driven to adjust the vertical distance between the brush 6 and the slip ring, and the set positive pressure is reapplied.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second driving unit 2 can be a DC motor, an AC motor, a servo motor, a stepper motor, a hydraulic drive motor or a pneumatic drive motor, or other linear, closed-loop motion components, such as a piezoelectric displacement stage, a pneumatic displacement stage, a linear motor, etc.

[0064] Furthermore, the motion mechanism includes any one of a screw nut structure, a crank slider structure and a worm gear structure.

[0065] In the lead screw and nut structure, the stepper motor is connected to the threaded lead screw 31, and a nut 32 with a thread matching the lead screw 31 is fixed on the lead screw 31, and the nut 32 is fixed on the clamping part 7. The stepper motor drives the lead screw 31 to rotate, and when the lead screw 31 rotates under the drive of the motor, the nut 32 moves axially relative to the lead screw 31, driving the clamping part 7 to achieve horizontal linear motion, thereby adjusting the position of the brush 6.

[0066] In this structure, a guide rail or a support structure may be provided and mounted on the test bench 1, and the nut 32 moves along the guide rail during movement to ensure the stability and accuracy of its linear motion. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the nut 32 is connected to the clamping portion 7 through an L-shaped clamp support 11. The clamp support 11 is fixed on the nut 32, and the movement of the slide is controlled by a 28 stepper motor through a lead screw 31 guide rail.

[0067] In the crank slider structure, the stepper motor is connected to the crank, and the slider is connected to the crank through a connecting rod, and can slide linearly along the guide rail. The slider is fixed on the clamping part 7. The crank rotates under the action of the stepper motor, and the connecting rod converts the rotational motion of the crank into the reciprocating linear motion of the slider, and the adjustment of the clamping part 7 is achieved through the linear motion of the slider.

[0068] In the worm gear structure, the worm wheel meshes with the worm, and the worm is a spiral shaft connected to the clamping part 7. The worm wheel rotates under the drive of the motor, driving the worm meshing with it to move, which is converted into a linear motion of the clamping part 7.

[0069] In some embodiments, the motion mechanism may also include a gear rack mechanism, a slide mechanism, etc., which may be selected or combined according to the specific needs of the system, and this embodiment will not elaborate on this.

[0070] Preferably, the moving end of the motion mechanism is connected to the elastic element 8 of the clamping portion 7. For example, the nut 32 of the lead screw nut structure is connected to the elastic element 8, the slider of the crank slider structure is connected to the elastic element 8, and the worm of the worm gear structure is connected to the elastic element 8, thereby reducing the stiffness of the loading system and the size of the load applied per unit displacement of the moving end.

[0071] Among them, the elastic element 8 can be a 65Mn double-layer spring steel sheet, the two ends of the double-layer spring steel sheet are connected to the second mechanical sensor 9 through the connecting block 10, the middle area is connected to the screw nut 32 through the clamp support 11, and the double-layer spring steel sheet does not contact the table. The double-layer spring steel sheet provides a flexible link for the entire clamp structure, thereby ensuring the smooth implementation of positive pressure adjustment. Using spring steel or other elastic materials to provide a flexible link for the measuring device can reduce stiffness and improve the accuracy of load loading. Optionally, the elastic element 8 may also be made of other elastic materials, such as rubber and nylon.

[0072] Optionally, the flexible link that reduces stiffness is not limited to the cantilever, and can be replaced by an air spring, a bellows, etc.

[0073] As a further explanation of this embodiment, the transmission part includes: a bearing seat 12, which is arranged on the test bench 1; a main shaft 14, which axially passes through the bearing seat 12, and the axial bottom end is connected to the first driving part 4; a transmission connecting piece, which is arranged at the axial top end of the main shaft 14 and is tightly connected to the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested; wherein, the test bench 1 is equipped with a plurality of telescopic legs 15.

[0074] In this embodiment, the conventional slip ring tester places the shaft system where the slip ring is located horizontally. Although it saves space in the vertical direction, it is easy to produce deflection and vibration due to the influence of gravity, which is easy to interfere with the test results. Therefore, in this solution, the entire shaft system is placed vertically, driven by a DC motor, and connected to the main shaft 14 through a coupling 13. The bearing seat 12 is fixed to the table by bolts to provide axial support and radial positioning for the main shaft 14, and the axial positioning is achieved by the shaft shoulder and the shaft end retaining ring to ensure that the main shaft 14 can maintain flexible rotation while bearing radial and axial loads. The transmission connection is used to transmit the rotational motion of the main shaft 14 to the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, and usually adopts mechanical clamping or interference fit to provide a firm connection while avoiding slippage.

[0075] For example, in order to support the entire device on the desktop and prevent the DC motor from interfering with the desktop, the test bench 1 is height-adjustable to adapt to different installation environments. By telescopic legs 15 with a telescopic range of 12-18 cm, the design goal can be achieved while saving processing costs.

[0076] In this solution, the telescopic legs 15 are used to adjust the height and level of the test bench 1 and ensure the precise alignment of the transmission part and the experimental fixture. They can be mechanical screw legs and hydraulic / pneumatic legs, etc., and four of them are arranged at four diagonal positions on the bottom surface of the test bench 1.

[0077] Therefore, the DC motor, coupling 13, main shaft 14 and transmission connector are arranged in order from bottom to top in the axial direction, the bearing seat 12 is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 14, the transmission part is in a vertical structure, and the axial distance is compressed to reduce the vertical height. This embodiment improves the structural design of the transmission part, reduces external interference such as gravity and vibration, and ensures that the accuracy during the test is not affected.

[0078] Furthermore, the transmission connection comprises a sleeve 16 and an end cover 17, and the end cover 17 is configured to slide axially relative to the main shaft 14. The sleeve 16 and the end cover 17 with interference fit with the main shaft 14 can provide circumferential positioning and torque transmission for the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, and the end cover 17 is pressed against the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested by machining threads on the main shaft 14, thereby preventing the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested from rotating relative to the main shaft 14.

[0079] In some embodiments, the insulating sleeve 16 and the end cover 17 that fix the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested can be replaced by other components that can provide axial positioning and circumferential torque transmission, such as a combination of a shaft end retaining ring and a positioning screw.

[0080] The conductive slip ring 5 and brush 6 to be tested need to carry current, so materials with good electrical conductivity (such as metal or carbon brush) must be used, and reliable electrical contact between the brush 6 bundle and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested must be ensured. In order to ensure that the current only passes through the specified path, the main shaft 14 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested, the brush 6 and the clamping part 7 need to be insulated to avoid current leakage. The clamping part 7 and the transmission connector both include insulating materials, which can be made of polyoxymethylene, nylon, plastic, etc., preferably polyoxymethylene, which has good machining performance and excellent insulation performance and can meet the design conditions.

[0081] See also Figure 5 The installation diagram of the threaded sleeve is shown. In order to prevent the thread from being damaged during the repeated clamping process of the brush wire 6, in this embodiment, a hole is opened corresponding to the area where the brush wire 6 is installed in the clamping part 7, a threaded sleeve is installed in the hole, and the gap between the threaded sleeve and the hole is filled with curing glue; and fasteners are arranged on opposite sides of the brush wire 6. After applying thread glue to the thread of the clamping part 7, the threaded sleeve is screwed in, and the two are kept still for a certain period of time so that the two are completely tightened. Then, the brush wire 6 is pressed up and down with a cylindrical pin, and finally tightened from the top with a screw to complete the tightening. Therefore, the additional threaded sleeve can reduce the influence of contact resistance on the measurement, and extend the service life of the brush wire 6 fixture. It can also be combined with a cold-pressed terminal to energize the brush wire 6 to enhance the compactness of the structure.

[0082] See also Figure 6The second main structure schematic diagram of the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system is shown. As an improvement of this embodiment, the automatic compensation part 3 is provided with multiple automatic compensation parts 3, and the multiple automatic compensation parts 3 are interconnected to jointly drive the clamping part 7 to move in multiple directions.

[0083] In this embodiment, the automatic compensation part 3 can refer to the above description, one of the multiple automatic compensation parts 3 is connected to the clamping part 7, and the others are connected to each other. Therefore, each automatic compensation part 3 can drive the clamping part 7 to move in one direction, and multiple automatic compensation parts 3 are connected in a linkage manner to form a multi-degree-of-freedom motion system, which supports the precise adjustment of the position of the clamping part 7 in multiple directions. Multi-directional adjustment can better simulate the multi-dimensional load and friction characteristics in the real environment, and provide higher reliability and representativeness for experimental data.

[0084] Exemplarily, the multi-directional movement of the multiple automatic compensation parts 3 provides a linear multi-dimensional movement adjustment capability, including but not limited to: X direction: adjusting the left and right position of the contact area between the brush wire 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested. Y direction: adjusting the front and back distance of the contact area. Z direction: adjusting the up and down distance of the contact area. Therefore, additional stability or freedom can be provided to the system.

[0085] For further explanation of this solution, please refer again to Figure 6 , two automatic compensation parts 3 are provided, which are composed of a second driving part 2 and a lead screw nut structure, which are axially superimposed but perpendicular to each other and correspond to each other. The upper lead screw nut structure is arranged along the X direction and connected to the clamping part 7, and the lower lead screw nut structure is arranged on the table along the Y direction. Therefore, when the upper lead screw nut structure moves along the X direction driven by the second driving part 2, the clamping part 7 is driven to move left and right relative to the brush filament 6; when the lower lead screw nut structure moves along the Y direction driven by the second driving part 2, the upper lead screw nut structure is driven to move, and then the clamping part 7 is driven to move forward and backward relative to the brush filament 6.

[0086] In some embodiments, the two screw nut structures can move simultaneously or one after the other.

[0087] In some embodiments, the layout directions of the two screw nut structures can be replaced.

[0088] Likewise, the screw nut structure may be other motion mechanisms.

[0089] The upper lead screw nut structure can be connected to the table top through an additional guide rail slider mechanism to improve stability during movement.

[0090] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7The flowchart of the steps of the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test method of the present invention is shown. The method relies on the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system provided by the present invention to perform the test. The test method includes the following steps: S1, installing the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested on the transmission part of the first test main body; S2, installing the brush wire 6 on the clamping part 7 of the second test body, and energizing the brush wire 6; S3, turning on the first driving part 4 of the first test main body, and driving the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested to rotate through the transmission part; S4, turning on the second driving part 2 of the automatic compensation part 3 of the second test main body, driving the clamping part 7 to move until the brush wire 6 thereon contacts with the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested in a rotating state, and forms a current path with the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested; The second driving unit 2 receives the mechanical parameters collected by each mechanical sensor 9 and adjusts the contact position between the brush 6 and the conductive slip ring 5 to be tested to maintain a constant loading condition.

[0091] It should be noted that, for the method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments of the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present application.

[0092] As for the method embodiment, since it is basically similar to the system embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0093] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0094] It should also be noted that, in this article, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Moreover, the term "include" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device.

[0095] The above is a detailed introduction to a fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system and method provided by the present application. The principle and implementation method of the present application are described in detail using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application, and the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the present application, there will be different forms of changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here, and the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system, characterized in that: The system includes: Test bench, and mounted on said test bench: The first test main body comprises a first driving part and a transmission part which are connected to each other, wherein the transmission part is used to install the conductive slip ring to be tested and drive the conductive slip ring to be tested to rotate; The second test body part comprises a clamping part and an automatic compensation part connected to each other, wherein the clamping part is used to install the brush wire, and the automatic compensation part is used to drive the clamping part to move to the point where the brush wire contacts the conductive slip ring to be tested in a rotating state; wherein the brush wire is externally connected to a power supply; Wherein, the automatic compensation unit includes a second driving unit and a plurality of mechanical sensors; The second driving unit is used to receive the mechanical parameters collected by each of the mechanical sensors and adjust the contact position between the brush wire and the conductive slip ring to be tested to maintain a constant loading condition.

2. A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic compensation part further includes a motion mechanism, which is connected to the second driving part and the clamping part respectively to convert the torque output by the second driving part into a linear motion of the clamping part.

3. A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The motion mechanism includes any one of a screw nut structure, a crank slider structure and a worm gear structure.

4. A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving end of the motion mechanism is connected to the clamping portion through an elastic element.

5. The fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transmission part comprises: A bearing seat, arranged on the test bench; A main shaft, axially passing through the bearing seat, and an axial bottom end of which is connected to the first driving part; A transmission connection piece, which is arranged at the axial top end of the main shaft and is tightly connected to the conductive slip ring to be tested; Wherein, the test bench is equipped with a plurality of telescopic legs.

6. A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission connection includes a sleeve and an end cap, and the end cap is configured to slide axially relative to the main shaft.

7. The fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping portion and the transmission connection member both comprise insulating material.

8. The fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The area of ​​the clamping part where the brush wire is installed corresponds to an opening, a threaded sleeve is installed in the hole, and the gap between the threaded sleeve and the hole is filled with curing glue; and fasteners are arranged on opposite sides of the brush wire.

9. The fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic compensation parts are provided in plurality, and the plurality of automatic compensation parts are connected to each other to jointly drive the clamping part to move in multiple directions.

10. A fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test method, characterized in that: The test is carried out by relying on the fully automatic adaptive conductive slip ring current-carrying friction and wear test system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the test method includes: Install the conductive slip ring to be tested on the transmission part of the first test main body; Mounting the brush wire on the clamping portion of the second test body and energizing the brush wire; Turning on the first driving part of the first test main body to drive the conductive slip ring to be tested to rotate through the transmission part; Turning on the second driving part of the automatic compensation part of the second test main body part, driving the clamping part to move until the brush wire thereon contacts with the conductive slip ring to be tested in a rotating state, and forms a current path with the conductive slip ring to be tested; The second driving unit receives the mechanical parameters collected by each mechanical sensor and adjusts the contact position between the brush wire and the conductive slip ring to be tested to maintain a constant loading condition.

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