Frequency division type concentrating photovoltaic / photo-thermal utilization system

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency division type photovoltaic / photo-thermal utilization system, and belongs to the field of solar energy utilization. The system is composed of a groove type light condensation device, a sunlight double-shaft tracking system, a solar heat collector and a frequency division type solar power generation device. Under the control of a solar tracking system, the tangent plane of the primary groove type condenser is always kept perpendicular to the incident direction of sunlight, and the incident sunlight is reflected and condensed by the groove type condenser, concentrated and uniformly irradiated on solar cells on the left side and the right side of the solar heat collecting tube. A 380nm-1100nm wave band irradiated on the spectrum frequency divider on the surface of the solar cell passes through the frequency divider to reach the surface of the solar cell for photoelectric utilization, other wave bands are reflected to a secondary groove type condenser below the solar cell, and light is focused on a solar heat collection tube after being reflected by the secondary groove type condenser for photo-thermal utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of solar energy utilization, and in particular to a frequency-divided concentrated photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress and development of society, people's demand for energy is also increasing. As a renewable energy source, solar energy has the characteristics of wide application range, no pollution, and sustainability. It has outstanding advantages in thermal energy and power generation applications. Therefore, how to efficiently utilize solar energy has become the focus of people's research.

[0003] At present, the cost of photovoltaic cells is relatively high. The use of concentrating devices can effectively increase the solar flux density, thereby reducing the number of solar cells used and effectively reducing production costs. At the same time, the concentrating device can increase the heat collection temperature and obtain higher quality heat energy for use.

[0004] The spectral response range of silicon solar cells is concentrated between 380nm and 1100nm. Other spectral radiation that cannot be used will cause the temperature of the solar cell to rise, seriously reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency. By coating the glass cover plate in front of the solar cell with a spectrum frequency division film, the band that can be used by the solar cell is separated for power generation, and the remaining bands are used for photothermal collection to achieve the effect of photovoltaic / photothermal comprehensive utilization. Compared with the system that only uses photovoltaics or photothermal, this system can make full use of solar energy and heat through solar spectrum frequency division, effectively reduce the problem of solar cell overheating, and improve the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frequency-divided photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system, characterized in that the system is mainly composed of a trough-type concentrating device, a dual-axis sunlight tracking system, a solar collector and a frequency-divided solar power generation device.

[0006] The solar dual-axis tracking system consists of a base, a dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor, an upright support frame group, and a solar tracking sensor; the base is fixed to the ground by screws, an upright support frame is installed above the base, a dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor is installed on the top of the vertical support frame, its horizontal rotating shaft is fixed on the vertical support frame, and its vertical rotating shaft is fixed at the center position of the trough concentrator fixed bracket, the solar tracking sensor is fixed on the upper end of the solar cell module fixed bracket, and the dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor and the solar tracking sensor are connected to the solar tracking controller.

[0007] The trough concentrator device is mainly composed of a primary trough concentrator, a primary trough concentrator fixing bracket, a secondary trough concentrator, and a secondary trough concentrator fixing bracket; the primary trough concentrator is installed in the primary trough concentrator fixing bracket and connected to the solar collector tube fixing bracket by screws, and the secondary trough concentrator is installed in the secondary trough concentrator fixing bracket and connected to the solar cell module fixing bracket by screws.

[0008] The solar collector and frequency-dividing photovoltaic power generation device are mainly composed of a solar heat collecting tube, a solar heat collecting tube fixing bracket, a frequency-dividing solar cell module, a solar cell module fixing bracket, and a cooling device; the lower end of the solar heat collecting tube fixing bracket is connected to the primary trough concentrator fixing bracket, and the upper end supports the solar heat collecting tube. N solar cells connected in series and parallel are installed on the inner side of the solar cell module fixing bracket, and the glass cover plate in front of the solar cell is coated with a spectrum frequency-dividing film. The solar cell module fixing bracket is connected to the solar heat collecting tube fixing bracket, and the cooling device is close to the back of the solar cell panel; an opening is provided on the side of the solar cell module fixing bracket, a junction box is installed, and a power line is led out.

[0009] A frequency-division concentrated photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system, characterized in that, under the control of a solar tracking system, a trough concentrator is kept perpendicular to the sun, and the incident sunlight is reflected by the trough concentrator, and the light is concentrated and irradiated relatively evenly on the solar cells on the left and right sides of the solar thermal collector tube. Since the surface of the glass cover plate in front of the solar cell is coated with a spectral frequency-division film, the 380nm~1100nm band of the light beam irradiated on the frequency-division film passes through the frequency-division film to reach the solar cell for photoelectric utilization, and other bands are reflected to the secondary reflector located below the solar cell. After reflection and focusing by the reflector, the light is concentrated on the solar thermal collector tube and then utilized for photothermal purposes.

[0010] A cooling device is installed on the back of the solar cell to cool the solar cell, keep the temperature of the solar cell within a suitable operating temperature range, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the solar tracking device, the incident sunlight and the primary concentrator section are always kept perpendicular, reducing the adverse effects of the change in the angle of the incident light on the photovoltaic and photothermal utilization efficiency; the frequency divider is used to achieve the use of solar light in different bands, greatly reducing the temperature rise of solar cells and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency; in addition, the use of the primary concentrator and the secondary concentrator increases the solar energy collection temperature, so that higher quality thermal energy can be further utilized; the comprehensive utilization of photovoltaic and photothermal energy improves the overall efficiency of solar energy utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a frequency-divided concentrated photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system;

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0015] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a solar thermal collector and a frequency-divided photovoltaic power generation device;

[0016] Figure 5 Installation profile for split-frequency solar cell modules and cooling devices;

[0017] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the optical components and optical path of the device.

[0018] 1. Base 2. Vertical support frame 3. Dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor 4. Primary trough concentrator fixing bracket 5. Primary trough concentrator 6. Solar collector tube fixing bracket 7. Solar collector tube 8. Secondary trough concentrator 9. Secondary trough concentrator fixing bracket 10. Solar cell module fixing bracket 11. Frequency-divided solar cell module 12. Cooling device 13. Sunlight tracking sensor 111. Glass cover 112. Packaging film 1 (EVA) 113. Solar cell 114. Packaging film 2 (EVA) 115. Back plate 116. Junction box 121. Serpentine cooling channel 122. Insulation material 123. Cooling device back plate DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frequency-divided photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system, characterized in that the system is mainly composed of a trough-type concentrator, a sunlight dual-axis tracking system, a solar collector and a frequency-divided photovoltaic power generation device. The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The system shown is mainly composed of a trough concentrating device, a dual-axis sunlight tracking system, a solar collector and a frequency-divided solar power generation device.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the solar dual-axis tracking system consists of a base 1, a dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor 3, and an upright support frame 2; the base 1 is fixed to the ground by screws, and an upright support frame 2 is installed above the base, and a dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor 3 is installed on the top of the vertical support frame 2. A waterproof shell is placed outside the dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor 3 to protect the motor, and its horizontal rotating shaft is fixed on the vertical support frame 2, and its vertical rotating shaft is fixed at the center position of the primary trough concentrator fixed bracket 4. The solar tracking sensor 13 is fixed on the upper end of the solar cell module fixed bracket 10, and the dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor 3 and the solar tracking sensor 13 are connected to the solar tracking controller. Under the control of the solar tracking sensor controller, the cross section of the primary trough concentrator 5 is always kept perpendicular to the sunlight.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the trough concentrator device is mainly composed of a primary trough concentrator 5, a primary trough concentrator fixing bracket 4, a secondary trough concentrator 8, and a secondary trough concentrator fixing bracket 9. The primary trough concentrator 5 is installed in the primary trough concentrator fixing bracket 4, and the two components are welded, and connected to the solar collector tube fixing bracket 6 through three connection points by screws, and the secondary trough concentrator 9 is installed in the secondary trough concentrator fixing bracket 8, and the two components are welded, and the angle of the secondary concentrator 9 is adjusted so that the cross section of the secondary concentrator forms an angle of 30° to 35° with the horizontal plane, and is connected and fixed to the solar cell assembly fixing bracket 10 by screws.

[0023] like Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, the solar collector and frequency-divided photovoltaic power generation device are mainly composed of a solar heat collecting tube 7, a solar heat collecting tube fixing bracket 6, a frequency-divided solar cell module 11, a solar cell module fixing bracket 10, and a cooling device 12. The lower end of the solar heat collecting tube fixing bracket 6 is connected and fixed to the primary trough concentrator fixing bracket 4 by screws, and the upper end supports the solar heat collecting tube 7. The two ends of the solar heat collecting tube serve as an inlet and an outlet respectively. A circulating heat exchange medium is passed through the heat collecting tube. The solar heat collecting tube is connected to the heat-insulating pipe to facilitate the recovery of heat energy. A solar cell panel 11 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of a solar cell assembly fixing bracket 10, a spectral frequency division film is coated on the surface of a glass cover plate 111 in front of the solar cell, the solar cell assembly fixing bracket 10 and the solar collector tube fixing bracket 6 are connected and fixed by screws, a cooling device 12 is closely attached to the back side of the solar cell panel 11, and a serpentine water cooling pipe is inside the cooling device 12 to ensure that the temperature of the solar cell is within a suitable operating temperature range; an opening is provided on the side of the solar cell assembly fixing bracket 10, a junction box is installed, and a power line is led out, a part of the electric energy generated by the frequency division type solar cell assembly 11 can be provided to the solar tracking system, and the other part can be stored in the battery for other purposes.

[0024] like Figure 5 The frequency-dividing solar cell assembly 11 shown is mainly composed of a glass cover plate 111, an encapsulating film 1 (EVA) 112, a solar cell 113, an encapsulating film 2 (EVA) 114, a back plate 115, and a junction box 116; the cooling device is mainly composed of a serpentine cooling channel 121, a heat-insulating material 112, and a cooling device back plate 123. The front surface of the glass cover plate 111 is coated with a spectrum frequency-dividing layer to transmit or reflect light of different wavelengths; the encapsulating film 1 (EVA) 112 is closely attached to the glass cover plate 111 and the solar cell 113, and the encapsulating film 2 (EVA) 114 is closely attached to the solar cell 113 and the back plate 115 to protect the cell from air; the water inlet and the water outlet of the serpentine cooling channel 121 are respectively installed on both sides of the solar cell assembly fixing bracket 10; wires are led out at the junction box 116 to utilize the generated electrical energy.

[0025] The high refractive index material used in the frequency-dividing film is Ge, and the low refractive index material is Nb2O5 and MgF2, which can achieve good spectral frequency-dividing capability within the incident range of light from 0° to 70°, high transmittance between 380nm and 1100nm, and high reflectivity in other bands; the surface of the groove-type reflector is plated with an aluminum reflective layer, and the reflection efficiency is 88% to 90%.

[0026] like Figure 6As shown, a light path of a frequency-dividing photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system is controlled by a solar tracking system to keep the primary trough concentrator 5 perpendicular to the sunlight. The incident sunlight is reflected by the trough concentrator 5 and concentrated and evenly irradiated on the solar cells on the left and right sides of the solar thermal collector tube. Since the surface of the glass cover 111 in front of the solar cell 113 is coated with a spectral frequency-dividing film, the wavelength of 380nm to 1100nm irradiated on the frequency-dividing film can pass through the frequency-dividing film to reach the surface of the solar cell 113, and then be utilized for photoelectric purposes. The energy of other wavelengths is reflected on the secondary reflector 9 located below the frequency-dividing solar cell assembly. After being concentrated and reflected by the secondary reflector, the light is focused on the solar thermal collector tube 7, and then utilized for photothermal purposes.

Claims

1. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a frequency-divided photovoltaic / photothermal utilization system, characterized in that: The system is mainly composed of a trough concentrator, a dual-axis sunlight tracking system, a solar collector and a frequency-dividing solar power generation device. Under the control of the solar tracking system, the cross section of the primary trough concentrator is always kept perpendicular to the incident direction of sunlight. The incident sunlight is reflected and concentrated by the trough concentrator, and concentrated and relatively evenly irradiated on the solar cells on the left and right sides of the solar collector tube. The 380nm to 1100nm band irradiated on the spectrum divider on the surface of the solar cell passes through the divider to reach the surface of the solar cell for photoelectric utilization, and other bands are reflected to the secondary trough concentrator located below the solar cell. After reflection by the secondary trough concentrator, the light is focused on the solar collector tube for photothermal utilization.

2. According to claim 1, the solar dual-axis tracking system consists of a base, a dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor, an upright support frame group, and a solar tracking sensor; the dual-axis tracking rotary reduction motor and the solar tracking sensor are connected to the solar tracking controller so that the cross section of the primary trough concentrator is always perpendicular to the incident direction of the sun.

3. According to claim 1, the trough concentrator device is mainly composed of a primary trough concentrator, a primary trough concentrator fixing bracket, a secondary trough concentrator, and a secondary trough concentrator fixing bracket; the angle of the secondary concentrator is adjusted so that the cross-section of the secondary concentrator forms an angle of 30° to 35° with the horizontal plane.

4. The solar collector and frequency-dividing photovoltaic power generation device are mainly composed of a solar collector tube, a solar collector tube fixing bracket, a frequency-dividing solar cell module, a solar cell module fixing bracket, and a cooling device; the surface of the glass cover plate in front of the solar cell is coated with a spectrum frequency-dividing film.

5. According to claim 4, the spectral frequency division film uses Ge as the high refractive index material and Nb2O5 and MgF2 as the low refractive index materials, which can achieve good spectral frequency division capability for sunlight with incident angles of 0° to 70°, high transmittance between 380nm and 1100nm, and high reflectivity in other bands.

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