Soft start multi-way switch suitable for large capacitive load

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft start multi-way switch suitable for a large capacitive load. Comprising a single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a main loop control circuit, a control signal input circuit, a microprocessor control circuit, a soft start main current loop, a current detection amplification circuit, a current peak detection circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a soft start switch circuit and an output circuit. The main loop control circuit comprises a field effect transistor, an inductor and a capacitor. The microprocessor control circuit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the main loop control circuit and the control signal input circuit. According to the soft start multi-way switch suitable for the large capacitive load, multi-way current magnitude detection, output short circuit protection, slow start time programming and start time programming can be achieved, the soft start multi-way switch is particularly suitable for soft start of the load with a large number of electrolytic capacitors, circuit faults caused by too large surge current are prevented, and the soft start multi-way switch is also suitable for instant connection of hot plug equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of soft-start multi-way switches, and in particular to a soft-start multi-way switch adaptable to large capacitive loads. Background Art

[0002] Soft start technology not only significantly reduces the current impact at startup, but also reduces interference to the power grid and protects the safe operation of loads and related equipment. Soft start control plays an increasingly important role in the field of modern industrial control with its unique advantages and broad application prospects. It can not only improve performance and operating efficiency, but also reduce equipment maintenance costs and safety risks, providing strong technical support for the production and development of enterprises. With the continuous development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the manufacturing process of soft start switches.

[0003] The existing soft start switch has certain disadvantages when used. First, the existing soft start switch has a relatively simple structure and cannot well meet the requirements of detecting multi-channel current. Excessive surge current will cause circuit failure, which is not conducive to people's use. In addition, it cannot well protect the stable operation of the equipment, which brings certain adverse effects to people's use process. For this reason, we propose a soft start multi-channel switch that is suitable for large capacitive loads. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a soft-start multi-way switch that is adaptable to large capacitive loads, which can realize multi-way current detection, output short-circuit protection, slow start time programming, and turn-on time programming. It is particularly suitable for soft starting of loads with a large number of electrolytic capacitors to prevent circuit failures caused by excessive surge current. It is also suitable for instantaneous connection of hot-swappable devices, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a soft-start multi-way switch adaptable to large capacitive loads, including a single-chip current detection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a main loop control circuit, a control signal input circuit, a microprocessor control circuit, a soft-start main current loop, a current detection amplifier circuit, a current peak detection circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a soft-start switch circuit and an output circuit. The main loop control circuit includes a field effect transistor, an inductor and a capacitor. The microprocessor control circuit is connected to the single-chip current detection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the main loop control circuit, the control signal input circuit, the soft-start main current loop, the current detection amplifier circuit, the current peak detection circuit, the reference voltage circuit, the soft-start switch circuit and the output circuit. The single-chip current detection circuit simultaneously detects multiple currents and meets the control of multiple DC loads.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a single-chip microcomputer N1 is set in the single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit, and analog-to-digital converters ADC1-ADC4 are set in the analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The single-chip microcomputer N1 and analog-to-digital converters ADC1-ADC4 are used to detect analog quantities of multiple currents.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit includes EN1-4 for protecting the control signal input terminal, E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 for detecting the start-up command signal of the control, and PWM1-4 for outputting a PWM signal to achieve soft start. The microprocessor control circuit accurately controls the conduction time of the field effect tube, thereby achieving smooth regulation of the starting current and voltage, and realizing protection and power limitation through current detection.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the soft start main current loop includes a diode D24, an inductor L1, an embedded controller EC10, a field effect transistor Q12, a fast protection switch Q14, a startup chip U9, output terminals J6 and J8, and a pulse width modulation PWM1. The pulse width modulation PWM1 is sent to the field effect transistor Q12 through the startup chip U9, and the current flowing through the inductor is controlled by turning on the duty cycle, thereby controlling the output startup current to achieve ramp boost startup, ramp constant current startup, and step startup.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the current detection amplifier circuit includes a voltage comparator U11A, resistors R75, R73, R77, R81, and capacitors C42, C46, ​​which amplify the output current and send it to the microcontroller N1 for current detection, programming current overcurrent and overload, and power monitoring and protection of each load.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the current peak detection circuit includes a voltage comparator U13B, resistors R84, R86, R90 and a capacitor C48, which compare the current signal with a reference value, control the opening time of the switch tube, and prevent excessive current.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the reference voltage circuit includes a conductor Q10, resistors R59, R65 and a capacitor C32. When the measured output voltage reaches the reference value, the conductor Q10 is turned on, and the status signal E_FUSE_STATUS2 is output through the integrated circuit U7, which is used to detect the output voltage and monitor the output voltage at a reasonable set value to prevent undervoltage from causing equipment protection.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an opening command signal E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 is set in the soft start switch circuit to turn on each corresponding switch to independently implement soft start control.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads, which has the following beneficial effects: the soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads can realize multi-way current detection, output short circuit protection, slow start time programming, and open time programming, and is particularly suitable for soft starting of loads with a large number of electrolytic capacitors, preventing circuit failures caused by excessive surge current, and is also suitable for instantaneous connection of hot-swappable devices;

[0014] During the soft start process, the output voltage starts from zero and gradually rises according to the preset function until it reaches the rated voltage, achieving a smooth start of the output. At the same time, the soft starter also has a variety of starting methods, such as ramp boost starting, ramp constant current starting, step starting, etc., to adapt to different load characteristics and starting requirements. These starting methods can be selected and set according to actual conditions to achieve the best starting effect;

[0015] In addition to the start control, the soft start switch circuit also has a soft stop function. During the shutdown process, the soft starter gradually reduces the conduction of the field effect tube to gradually reduce the output voltage, thereby achieving a smooth shutdown of the output. This soft stop method avoids the mechanical shock and power grid fluctuations that may occur in the traditional shutdown method, and protects the stable operation of the equipment;

[0016] It can realize multi-channel control and meet the soft starting requirements of multiple DC loads. The whole soft starting switch has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The effect of use is better than that of traditional methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soft-start multi-way switch that is suitable for large capacitive loads.

[0018] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a single-chip current detection circuit in a soft-start multi-way switch that is suitable for large capacitive loads.

[0019] Figure 3 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an analog-to-digital converter in a soft-start multi-way switch that is adaptable to large capacitive loads.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an analog-to-digital converter ADC1 in a soft-start multi-way switch that is adaptable to large capacitive loads.

[0021] Figure 5 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an analog-to-digital converter ADC2 in a soft-start multi-way switch that is adaptable to large capacitive loads. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified in the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] like Figure 1-5As shown, a soft-start multi-way switch suitable for large capacitive loads includes a single-chip current detection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a main circuit control circuit, a control signal input circuit, a microprocessor control circuit, a soft-start main current circuit, a current detection amplifier circuit, a current peak detection circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a soft-start switch circuit and an output circuit. The main circuit control circuit includes a field effect transistor, an inductor and a capacitor. The microprocessor control circuit is connected to the single-chip current detection circuit, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the main circuit control circuit, the control signal input circuit, the soft-start main current circuit, the current detection amplifier circuit, the current peak detection circuit, the reference voltage circuit, the soft-start switch circuit and the output circuit. The single-chip current detection circuit detects multiple currents at the same time and satisfies the control of multiple DC loads. It can realize multiple current detection, output short-circuit protection, slow start time programming, and opening time programming. It is particularly suitable for soft starting of loads with a large number of electrolytic capacitors to prevent circuit failures caused by excessive surge currents. It is also suitable for instantaneous connection of hot-swappable devices.

[0026] Furthermore, a single-chip microcomputer N1 is provided in the single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit, and analog-to-digital converters ADC1-ADC4 are provided in the analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The single-chip microcomputer N1 and the analog-to-digital converters ADC1-ADC4 are used to detect analog quantities of multiple currents.

[0027] Furthermore, the single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit includes EN1-4 for protecting the control signal input terminal, E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 for detecting the start-up command signal of the control, and PWM1-4 for outputting the PWM signal to realize soft start. The microprocessor control circuit accurately controls the conduction time of the field effect tube, thereby realizing smooth regulation of the starting current and voltage, and realizing protection and power limitation through current detection.

[0028] Furthermore, the soft start main current loop includes a diode D24, an inductor L1, an embedded controller EC10, a field effect transistor Q12, a fast protection switch Q14, a startup chip U9, output terminals J6 and J8, and a pulse width modulation PWM1. The pulse width modulation PWM1 is sent to the field effect transistor Q12 through the startup chip U9. By turning on the duty cycle, the current flowing through the inductor is controlled, thereby controlling the output startup current, thereby realizing a ramp boost startup, a ramp constant current startup, and a step startup.

[0029] Furthermore, the current detection amplifier circuit includes a voltage comparator U11A, resistors R75, R73, R77, R81, and capacitors C42, C46, ​​which amplify the output current and send it to the microcontroller N1 for current detection, programming current overcurrent and overload, and power monitoring and protection of each load.

[0030] Furthermore, the current peak detection circuit includes a voltage comparator U13B, resistors R84, R86, R90 and a capacitor C48, which compare the current signal with a reference value, control the opening time of the switch tube, and prevent excessive current.

[0031] Furthermore, the reference voltage circuit includes a conductor Q10, resistors R59, R65 and a capacitor C32. When the measured output voltage reaches the reference value, the conductor Q10 is turned on, and the status signal E_FUSE_STATUS2 is output through the integrated circuit U7, which is used to detect the output voltage and monitor the output voltage at a reasonable set value to prevent undervoltage from causing equipment protection.

[0032] Furthermore, an opening command signal E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 is set in the soft start switch circuit to turn on each corresponding switch to independently implement soft start control.

[0033] Example:

[0034] Using single-chip microcomputer N1, ADC1-ADC4 is used to detect the analog quantity of multiple currents, EN1-4 is the protection control signal input terminal, E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 is used to detect the control start command signal, and PWM1-4 is used to output PWM signal to achieve soft start. The microprocessor accurately controls the conduction time of the field effect tube, thereby achieving smooth adjustment of the startup current and voltage, and realizing protection and power limitation through current detection.

[0035] The soft start main current loop is composed of D24, L1, EC10, Q12, Q14, U9, output terminals J6 and J8. U9 is the start chip, Q14 is the fast protection switch, and PWM1 is sent to the field effect tube Q12 through U9. By turning on the duty cycle, the current flowing through the inductor is controlled, thereby controlling the output start current, realizing ramp boost start, ramp constant current start, step start, etc.

[0036] The current detection amplifier composed of U11A, R75, R73, R77, R81, C42 and C46 amplifies the output current and sends it to the microcontroller N1 for current detection. It can program current overcurrent and overload, and monitor and protect the power of each load.

[0037] The current peak detection circuit composed of U13B, R84, C48, R86 and R90 compares the current signal with the reference value, controls the opening time of the switch tube, and prevents excessive current;

[0038] The reference voltage circuit composed of Q10, R59, R65, and C32 measures the output voltage. When the output voltage reaches the reference value, Q10 turns on and outputs the status signal E_FUSE_STATUS2 through U7. It is used to detect the output voltage and monitor the output voltage at a reasonable set value to prevent undervoltage from causing equipment protection.

[0039] The E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 start command signal can turn on each corresponding switch and independently realize soft start control

[0040] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second (number one, number two), etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads, comprising a single-chip current detection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a main circuit control circuit, a control signal input circuit, a microprocessor control circuit, a soft-start main current circuit, a current detection amplifier circuit, a current peak detection circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a soft-start switch circuit and an output circuit, characterized in that: The main loop control circuit includes a field effect tube, an inductor and a capacitor. The microprocessor control circuit is connected to a single-chip computer current detection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a main loop control circuit, a control signal input circuit, a soft start main current loop, a current detection amplifier circuit, a current peak detection circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a soft start switch circuit and an output circuit. The single-chip computer current detection circuit detects multiple currents at the same time and satisfies the control of multiple DC loads.

2. A soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single-chip microcomputer N1 is provided in the single-chip microcomputer current detection circuit, and analog-to-digital converters ADC1-ADC4 are provided in the analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The single-chip microcomputer N1 and the analog-to-digital converters ADC1-ADC4 are used to detect analog quantities of multiple currents.

3. The soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-chip current detection circuit includes EN1-4 for protecting the control signal input terminal, E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 for detecting the start-up command signal of the control, and PWM1-4 for outputting the PWM signal to realize soft start. The microprocessor control circuit accurately controls the conduction time of the field effect tube, thereby realizing smooth regulation of the starting current and voltage, and realizing protection and power limitation through current detection.

4. The soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft start main current loop includes a diode D24, an inductor L1, an embedded controller EC10, a field effect transistor Q12, a fast protection switch Q14, a startup chip U9, output terminals J6 and J8, and a pulse width modulation PWM1. The pulse width modulation PWM1 is sent to the field effect transistor Q12 through the startup chip U9, and the current flowing through the inductor is controlled by turning on the duty cycle, thereby controlling the output startup current to achieve ramp boost startup, ramp constant current startup, and step startup.

5. The soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current detection amplifier circuit includes a voltage comparator U11A, resistors R75, R73, R77, R81, and capacitors C42, C46, ​​which amplify the output current and send it to the microcontroller N1 for current detection, programming current overcurrent and overload, and power monitoring and protection of each load.

6. The soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current peak detection circuit includes a voltage comparator U13B, resistors R84, R86, R90 and a capacitor C48, which compares the current signal with a reference value, controls the opening time of the switch tube, and prevents excessive current.

7. The soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference voltage circuit includes a conductor Q10, resistors R59, R65 and a capacitor C32. When the measured output voltage reaches the reference value, the conductor Q10 is turned on, and a status signal E_FUSE_STATUS2 is output through the integrated circuit U7, which is used to detect the output voltage and monitor the output voltage at a reasonable set value to prevent undervoltage from causing equipment protection.

8. The soft-start multi-way switch adapted to large capacitive loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft start switch circuit is provided with an opening command signal E_FUSE_CTRL1-F3 to open each corresponding switch and realize soft start control independently.

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