Satellite-borne Ka-band large-dynamic ultra-wideband receiving channel

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite-borne Ka-band large-dynamic ultra-wideband receiving channel, which comprises a 100M clock circuit module, a power supply processing circuit module and a receiving channel module, the receiving channel module is used for completing low-noise amplification, filtering, twice frequency conversion and amplification processing of a large-dynamic ultra-wideband Ka frequency band signal; the 100M clock circuit module is used for providing adjustable first local oscillator and second local oscillator reference signals for the receiving channel module; the power supply processing circuit module is used for providing power supply voltage required by normal work and an adjustable local oscillation frequency switching control signal for the receiving channel module; according to the satellite-borne Ka-frequency-band large-dynamic ultra-wideband receiving channel provided by the invention, a single-channel design is adopted, the size is reduced, automatic gain control of the channel is completed by utilizing an electrically controlled attenuator and a local oscillator adjustable technology, and large-dynamic-range ultra-wideband signal receiving is realized under the condition of considering medium and strong signal noise coefficients and time delay changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of satellite measurement and control communication, and in particular to a Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the working bandwidth of communication systems is constantly increasing, and the requirements for strong interference resistance are increasing. The demand for satellite-borne Ka-band transceiver products is increasing. As an important part of the transceiver, the large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel of the Ka-band is the key to realizing the ultra-wideband and strong interference resistance of the product. At present, there are two main implementation schemes for large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channels: one is a dual-channel discrete design, in which the low-noise amplifier channel and the direct-through channel are separated, and the amplification channel and the direct-through channel are separated to realize the reception of large dynamic signals, and the reception of ultra-wideband signals is realized through an adjustable local oscillator; the other is a single-channel design, adding 2 digital controlled attenuators to the receiving front-end circuit, and using automatic gain control in the amplification link to realize the reception of large dynamic signals, and through the switch filter group, the reception of broadband signals is realized. The first solution is more complicated to implement, requiring two channels, and switching through switches, so it is large in size and has many interface controls. When receiving large and small signals, the channel delay changes greatly and the noise coefficient deteriorates significantly. Similarly, although the second solution has only one channel, it also has similar problems due to the use of 2 digital controlled attenuators and switch filter groups. Therefore, how to simplify control, reduce size, and minimize the difference in channel delay when receiving large and small signals is one of the key issues that need to be considered in the design of satellite-borne Ka-band large-dynamic, ultra-wideband receiving channels.

[0003] Patent CN211457127U discloses a Ka-band ultra-wideband, large dynamic receiving channel device, which adopts a dual-channel discrete design and an adjustable local oscillator design to achieve ultra-wideband, large dynamic reception. The receiving channel input dynamic range achieved by the patent is -80dBm~+10dBm, and the bandwidth is 4GHz. Due to the dual-channel discrete design, the volume is large, the interface control is multiple, the channel delay changes greatly when receiving large and small signals, and the noise coefficient deteriorates significantly. The difference from the present invention is that the patent of the present invention adopts a single-channel solution, using analog automatic gain control technology and local oscillator adjustable technology, while taking into account the volume, interface, medium-strong signal delay, medium-strong signal delay noise coefficient, to achieve large dynamic, ultra-wideband signal reception, to achieve large capacity, anti-strong interference capability technical indicators, input dynamic range is -112dBm~+10dBm, bandwidth 2GHz.

[0004] Patent CN212909494U discloses an ultra-wideband large dynamic receiver, which adopts a multi-channel design and switches according to the frequency and strength of the received signal, including a frequency pre-selection switch, a front-end circuit selection switch, a gain channel switch, an intermediate frequency switch, etc., to achieve ultra-wideband and large dynamic reception, with a frequency coverage range of 0.03 to 3GHz. The difference from the present invention is that a large number of switches are used for gating, the delay and noise coefficient change discontinuously, the control is complex, there are multiple channels, the circuit is large and complex, and the received signal frequency is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel, which adopts a single-channel solution and utilizes analog automatic gain control technology and local oscillator adjustable technology to achieve the reception of large dynamic and ultra-wideband signals while taking into account the size, interface, medium-strong signal delay, and medium-strong signal delay noise coefficient, thereby achieving the technical indicators of large capacity and anti-strong interference capability.

[0006] The specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel comprises: a 100M clock circuit module, a power processing circuit module, and a receiving channel module, wherein:

[0008] The 100M clock circuit module is used to provide a reference signal for the receiving channel module to generate a phase-locked source signal;

[0009] The power processing circuit module is used to provide the receiving channel module with the power supply voltage and frequency switching control signal required for normal operation;

[0010] The receiving channel module is used to complete low-noise amplification, filtering, double frequency conversion, and amplification processing of large-dynamic, ultra-wideband Ka-band signals, and automatic gain control is completed by the electrically adjustable attenuator.

[0011] The power processing circuit module includes an LDO, which is used to achieve voltage stabilization output and ensure the radio frequency performance of the channel.

[0012] The receiving channel module includes an isolator, a limiter, an electrically adjustable attenuator, a low noise amplifier, a filter, a mixer, an amplifier, an equalizer, an attenuator, a power divider, a comparison amplifier circuit, an operational amplifier, an adjustable local oscillator, a second local oscillator, and a detector;

[0013] The isolator receives a Ka-band signal for impedance matching with an external device;

[0014] The limiter receives the signal frequency matched by the isolator, and is used to limit the signal amplitude entering the subsequent link when a high-power signal is input, so as to protect the normal operation of the subsequent circuit;

[0015] The low noise amplifier is used for low noise amplification of the signal to ensure that the noise coefficient of the channel meets the requirements;

[0016] The filter is used for signal selection and filtering to meet the clutter suppression and anti-interference requirements of the channel;

[0017] The equalizer is used to compensate for the gain unevenness of the channel to meet the requirements of ultra-wideband applications for channel flatness;

[0018] The attenuator is used for adjusting the fixed gain and matching the front and rear stages;

[0019] The power divider is used to divide the input signal into two or more paths;

[0020] The operational amplifier is used for proportional amplification of the detector voltage and provides telemetry output;

[0021] The adjustable local oscillator is used to provide a local oscillator signal for the mixer 1, and its frequency is adjusted according to the change of the input signal frequency by configuring the frequency control word to achieve the reception of ultra-wideband signals;

[0022] The two local oscillators are used to provide local oscillator signals to the mixer 2, and their frequencies are fixed, so that the frequencies of the two intermediate frequency signals are fixed, which is convenient for the processing of the filter 3 and the subsequent link;

[0023] The electrically adjustable attenuator includes electrically adjustable attenuator 1, electrically adjustable attenuator 2, electrically adjustable attenuator 3, electrically adjustable attenuator 4, electrically adjustable attenuator 5, and electrically adjustable attenuator 6, which are used to control the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal, automatically and gradually increase the attenuation in sequence, and control the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal, so that the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range, and the channel gain changes from large to small; similarly, according to the amplitude of the input intermediate frequency signal from large to small, the attenuation is automatically and gradually reduced in sequence, and the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal is controlled, so that the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range, and the channel gain changes from small to large;

[0024] The filters include filter 1, filter 2, and filter 3;

[0025] The mixer comprises a mixer 1 and a mixer 2, wherein the mixer 1 is used to down-convert a Ka-band signal to an intermediate frequency, and the mixer 2 is used to down-convert an intermediate frequency signal to a second intermediate frequency;

[0026] The amplifiers include amplifier 1, amplifier 2, amplifier 3, amplifier 4, amplifier 5, amplifier 6, and amplifier 7. The amplifiers 1 and 2 are used for amplifying a first intermediate frequency signal and providing a certain first intermediate frequency signal gain; the amplifiers 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are used for amplifying a second intermediate frequency signal and providing a certain second intermediate frequency signal gain to meet the post-stage processing requirements;

[0027] The equalizer includes equalizer 1, equalizer 2, and equalizer 3;

[0028] The comparison amplifier circuit includes comparison amplifier circuit 1, comparison amplifier circuit 2, comparison amplifier circuit 3, comparison amplifier circuit 4, comparison amplifier circuit 5, and comparison amplifier circuit 6;

[0029] The isolator is connected to the output of the Ka-band signal Rfin, and the limiter is connected to the output of the isolator; the electrically adjustable attenuator 1 is connected to the output of the limiter; the low noise amplifier is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1; the filter 1 is connected to the output of the low noise amplifier; the electrically adjustable attenuator 2 is connected to the output of the filter 1; the mixer 1 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 2; the filter 2 is connected to the output of the mixer 1; the amplifier 1 is connected to the output of the filter 2; the electrically adjustable attenuator 3 is connected to the output of the amplifier 2; the mixer 2 is connected to the output of the amplifier 2; the filter 3 is connected to the output of the mixer 2; the amplifier 3 is connected to the output of the filter 3; the electrically adjustable attenuator 4 is connected to the output of the amplifier 3; the amplifier 4 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 4; The equalizer 1 is connected to the output of the amplifier 4; the electrically adjustable attenuator 5 is connected to the output of the equalizer 1; the amplifier 5 is connected to the output of the equalizer 1; the equalizer 2 is connected to the output of the amplifier 5; the electrically adjustable attenuator 6 is connected to the output of the equalizer 2; the amplifier 6 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 6; the attenuator is connected to the output of the amplifier 6; the power divider is connected to the output of the attenuator; the power divider has two outputs, one is connected to the equalizer 3, and the other is connected to the amplifier 8; the amplifier 7 is connected to the output of the equalizer 3; the amplifier 7 outputs to the baseband processing; the detector is connected to the output of the amplifier 8; the detector also outputs 6 voltages, which are respectively connected to the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; the operational amplifier is connected to the output of the detector; the operational amplifier outputs a telemetry signal;

[0030] The electrically adjustable attenuator 1 receives the AGC6 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 6; the electrically adjustable attenuator 2 receives the AGC5 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 5; the electrically adjustable attenuator 3 receives the AGC4 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 4; the electrically adjustable attenuator 4 receives the AGC3 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 3; the electrically adjustable attenuator 5 receives the AGC2 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 2; the electrically adjustable attenuator 6 receives the AGC1 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 1;

[0031] The comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 compare the detection voltage with the corresponding reference voltage and amplify the voltage by a certain proportion as the control voltage AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, AGC6 of the electrically adjustable attenuators 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 control the attenuation of the electrically adjustable attenuators to achieve the purpose of automatic gain control; the corresponding reference voltages of the control voltages AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, AGC6 are increased in sequence to achieve the purpose of sequentially controlling the electrically adjustable attenuators 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, so that the signal has a large dynamic range, and the noise coefficient, gain, and delay change is relatively continuous, meeting the requirements of the noise coefficient and delay change of the medium and strong signal channel;

[0032] The output voltage of the detector is divided into 6 paths, which are respectively connected to the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 to generate AGC control voltages AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, and AGC6 to control the attenuation of the electrically adjustable attenuators 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 respectively. The reference voltages of the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 increase in sequence. According to the input signal from small to large, the electrically adjustable attenuators 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 are controlled in sequence to realize automatic gain control, so that the amplitude of the intermediate frequency output signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range;

[0033] The reference signal required by the adjustable local oscillator and the second local oscillator frequency source is provided by the same OCXO signal after power division amplification;

[0034] The frequency control of the adjustable local oscillator is completed by the SPI interface, the frequency step is 10M, the adjustable range is 2G, and it can be changed according to the frequency change of the input signal to achieve the reception of broadband signals;

[0035] The adjustable local oscillator is used to provide a local oscillator signal for the mixer 1, and its frequency is adjusted according to the change of the input signal frequency by configuring the frequency control word to achieve the reception of ultra-wideband signals;

[0036] The two local oscillators are used to provide local oscillator signals to the mixer 2, and their frequencies are fixed, so that the frequencies of the two intermediate frequency signals are fixed, which is convenient for the processing of the filter 3 and the subsequent link;

[0037] Furthermore, the adjustable local oscillator can realize the reception of signals with a specific frequency and a specific bandwidth. At this time, the bandwidth of the received signal is selected and determined by the filter 3 according to application requirements.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] A satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel provided by the present invention adopts a single-channel design to reduce the volume, and simultaneously utilizes an electrically adjustable attenuator and an adjustable local oscillator technology to complete automatic gain control of the channel, thereby achieving large dynamic range and ultra-wideband signal reception while taking into account the noise coefficient and delay variation of medium and strong signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required to be used in some embodiments disclosed in the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments disclosed in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams, and are not limitations on the actual size of the products involved in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, the actual process of the method, etc.

[0041] Figure 1 The satellite-borne Ka-band receiving channel composition block diagram provided by the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel has a size of 233mm*165mm*44mm, including a 100M clock circuit module, a power processing circuit module, and a receiving channel module.

[0044] The 100M clock circuit module is used to provide the receiving channel module with adjustable reference signals of the first local oscillator and the second local oscillator to generate a phase-locked source signal;

[0045] The power processing circuit module is used to provide the receiving channel module with the power supply voltage required for normal operation and the frequency switching control signal of the adjustable local oscillator frequency source; the power processing circuit module is mainly composed of LDO, which completes the voltage regulated output to ensure the RF performance of the channel;

[0046] The receiving channel module is used to complete low-noise amplification, filtering, double frequency conversion, and amplification processing of large-dynamic, ultra-wideband Ka-band signals, and automatic gain control is completed by the electrically adjustable attenuator.

[0047] The receiving channel module includes an isolator, a limiter, an electrically adjustable attenuator, a low noise amplifier, a filter, a mixer, an amplifier, an equalizer, an attenuator, a power divider, a comparison amplifier circuit, an operational amplifier, an adjustable local oscillator, a second local oscillator, and a detector;

[0048] The electrically adjustable attenuator includes electrically adjustable attenuator 1, electrically adjustable attenuator 2, electrically adjustable attenuator 3, electrically adjustable attenuator 4, electrically adjustable attenuator 5, and electrically adjustable attenuator 6;

[0049] The filters include filter 1, filter 2, and filter 3;

[0050] The mixer includes mixer 1 and mixer 2;

[0051] The amplifiers include amplifier 1, amplifier 2, amplifier 3, amplifier 4, amplifier 5, amplifier 6, and amplifier 7;

[0052] The equalizer includes equalizer 1, equalizer 2, and equalizer 3;

[0053] The comparison amplifier circuit includes comparison amplifier circuit 1, comparison amplifier circuit 2, comparison amplifier circuit 3, comparison amplifier circuit 4, comparison amplifier circuit 5, and comparison amplifier circuit 6;

[0054] The isolator receives the Ka-band signal Rfin, the Rfin signal frequency range covers 28GHz to 30GHz, the signal dynamic range is -112dBm to +10dBm, the input withstand maximum power is +30dBm, the signal bandwidth is 2GHz, and the noise factor is less than or equal to 5dB;

[0055] The limiter receives the signal matched by the isolator. When the input signal is greater than or equal to 15dBm, the limiter output is maintained at about +14dBm to protect the subsequent link from damage caused by abnormally high power.

[0056] The electrically adjustable attenuator 1 is connected to the limiter output, and the low noise amplifier is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1. When a weak signal and a medium-strong signal within a certain range are input, the attenuation control voltage AGC6 of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1 is very small, and the electrically adjustable attenuator 1 is in an insertion loss state, so that the noise coefficient of the channel is minimized. When a strong signal is input, the attenuation control voltage AGC6 of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1 increases, so that the device enters the attenuation state from the insertion loss state, and the signal power entering the low noise amplifier is reduced, so that the low noise amplifier works in the linear region, reducing signal distortion;

[0057] The filter 1 is connected to the output of the low noise amplifier, and the filter 1 preselects the received signal to filter out the out-of-band interference signal;

[0058] The electrically adjustable attenuator 2 is connected to the output of the filter 1, and the mixer 1 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 2; the operation of the electrically adjustable attenuator 2 is similar to that of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1. When a strong signal within a certain range is input, the electrically adjustable attenuator 2 enters an attenuation state, so that the power of the signal input to the mixer 1 is reduced, ensuring that the mixer is in a linear working area and reducing high-order mixing products to meet anti-interference requirements;

[0059] The filter 2 is connected to the output of the mixer 1 to further suppress a mixed noise signal; the signal output by the filter 2 passes through the amplifier 1, the electrically adjustable attenuator 3, and the amplifier 2 in sequence and then enters the mixer 2, wherein the amplifier 1 and the amplifier 2 amplify an intermediate frequency signal to provide a certain signal gain;

[0060] The operation of the electrically adjustable attenuator 3 is similar to that of the electrically adjustable attenuators 1 and 2. According to the size of the input signal, a certain attenuation is generated to ensure that the amplifier 2 and the mixer 2 work in the linear region, reduce signal distortion, and reduce high-order mixing products.

[0061] The signal output by the mixer 2 enters the filter 3, the amplifier 3 and the subsequent link in sequence. The filter 3 further suppresses the second mixing noise. The amplifier 3 amplifies the second intermediate frequency signal and provides a certain signal gain for further processing in the subsequent link.

[0062] The bandwidth of the filters 1, 2, and 3 are all 2 GHz, which can realize the reception of 2 GHz bandwidth signals;

[0063] The electrically adjustable attenuator 4 is connected to the output of the amplifier 3; the amplifier 4 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 4; the equalizer 1 is connected to the output end of the amplifier 4;

[0064] The equalizer 1 is used to compensate for the gain unevenness of the entire channel link, meeting the gain flatness requirement of the channel link within the entire signal bandwidth;

[0065] The electrically adjustable attenuator 5 is connected to the output of the equalizer 1; the amplifier 5 is connected to the output of the equalizer 1; the equalizer 2 is connected to the output of the amplifier 5; the electrically adjustable attenuator 6 is connected to the output of the equalizer 2; the amplifier 6 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 6; the attenuator is connected to the output of the amplifier 6; the power divider is connected to the output of the attenuator; the equalizer 3 is connected to the output of the power divider; the amplifier 7 is connected to the output of the equalizer 3; the amplifier 7 outputs to the baseband processing;

[0066] The operation of the electrically adjustable attenuators 4, 5, and 6 is similar to that of the electrically adjustable attenuators 1, 2, and 3. According to the size of the input signal, a certain attenuation is generated to ensure that the subsequent circuit connected thereto is in a linear working area and reduce signal distortion. However, the size of the input signal corresponding to each level of the electrically adjustable attenuator entering the attenuation state is different. The amplifiers 4, 5, 6, and 7 provide a certain gain signal amplification so that the amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal output by the entire channel meets the requirements.

[0067] The power divider divides the two intermediate frequency signals into two paths, one of which is connected to the equalizer 3, and the other is connected to the amplifier 8. After being amplified by the amplifier 8, it is connected to the detector. The amplifier 8 amplifies the signal to within the input dynamic range of the detector so that the detector can detect and generate a detection voltage that changes monotonically with the signal power.

[0068] The output voltage of the detector is divided into 6 paths, which are respectively connected to the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 to generate AGC control voltages AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, and AGC6 to control the attenuation of the electrically adjustable attenuators 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 respectively. The reference voltages of the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 increase in sequence. According to the input signal from small to large, the electrically adjustable attenuators 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 are controlled in sequence to realize automatic gain control, so that the amplitude of the intermediate frequency output signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range;

[0069] The reference signal required by the adjustable local oscillator and the second local oscillator frequency source is provided by the same OCXO signal after power division amplification;

[0070] The frequency control of the adjustable local oscillator is completed by the SPI interface, the frequency step is 10M, the adjustable range is 2G, and it can be changed according to the frequency change of the input signal to achieve the reception of broadband signals; the adjustable local oscillator is used to provide a local oscillator signal for the mixer 1, and its frequency is adjusted according to the change of the input signal frequency by configuring the frequency control word to achieve the reception of ultra-wideband signals;

[0071] Furthermore, the adjustable local oscillator frequency can realize the reception of signals with a specific frequency and a specific bandwidth. At this time, the received signal bandwidth is selected and determined by the filter 3 according to the application requirements;

[0072] The two local oscillators are used to provide local oscillator signals to the mixer 2, and the frequencies thereof are fixed, so that the frequencies of the two intermediate frequency signals are fixed, which is convenient for the processing of the filter 3 and the subsequent link.

[0073] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention using the above disclosed contents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the contents of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel, characterized in that: include: 100M clock circuit module, power processing circuit module, receiving channel module, among which, The 100M clock circuit module is used to provide a reference signal for the receiving channel module to generate a phase-locked source signal; The power processing circuit module is used to provide the receiving channel module with the power supply voltage and frequency switching control signal required for normal operation; The receiving channel module is used to complete low-noise amplification, filtering, double frequency conversion, and amplification processing of large-dynamic, ultra-wideband Ka-band signals, and the automatic gain control is completed by the electrically adjustable attenuator.

2. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power processing circuit module includes an LDO, which is used to achieve voltage stabilization output and ensure the radio frequency performance of the channel.

3. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving channel module includes an isolator, a limiter, an electrically adjustable attenuator, a low noise amplifier, a filter, a mixer, an amplifier, an equalizer, an attenuator, a power divider, a comparison amplifier circuit, an operational amplifier, an adjustable local oscillator, a second local oscillator, and a detector; The isolator receives a Ka-band signal for impedance matching with an external device; The limiter receives the signal frequency matched by the isolator, and is used to limit the signal amplitude entering the subsequent link when a high-power signal is input, so as to protect the normal operation of the subsequent circuit; The low noise amplifier is used for low noise amplification of the signal to ensure that the noise coefficient of the channel meets the requirements; The filter is used for signal selection and filtering to meet the clutter suppression and anti-interference requirements of the channel; The equalizer is used to compensate for the gain unevenness of the channel to meet the requirements of ultra-wideband applications for channel flatness; The attenuator is used for adjusting the fixed gain and matching the front and rear stages; The power divider is used to divide the input signal into two or more paths; The operational amplifier is used for proportional amplification of the detector voltage and provides telemetry output; The adjustable local oscillator is used to provide a local oscillator signal for the mixer 1, and its frequency is adjusted according to the change of the input signal frequency by configuring the frequency control word to achieve the reception of ultra-wideband signals; The two local oscillators are used to provide local oscillator signals to the mixer 2, and the frequencies thereof are fixed, so that the frequencies of the two intermediate frequency signals are fixed, which is convenient for the processing of the filter 3 and the subsequent link.

4. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in, The electrically adjustable attenuator includes electrically adjustable attenuator 1, electrically adjustable attenuator 2, electrically adjustable attenuator 3, electrically adjustable attenuator 4, electrically adjustable attenuator 5, and electrically adjustable attenuator 6, which are used to control the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal, automatically and gradually increase the attenuation in sequence, and control the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal, so that the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range, and the channel gain changes from large to small; similarly, according to the amplitude of the input intermediate frequency signal from large to small, the attenuation is automatically and gradually reduced in sequence, and the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal is controlled, so that the amplitude of the output intermediate frequency signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range, and the channel gain changes from small to large; The filters include filter 1, filter 2, and filter 3; The mixer comprises a mixer 1 and a mixer 2, wherein the mixer 1 is used to down-convert a Ka-band signal to an intermediate frequency, and the mixer 2 is used to down-convert an intermediate frequency signal to a second intermediate frequency; The amplifiers include amplifier 1, amplifier 2, amplifier 3, amplifier 4, amplifier 5, amplifier 6, and amplifier 7. The amplifiers 1 and 2 are used for amplifying a first intermediate frequency signal and providing a certain first intermediate frequency signal gain; the amplifiers 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are used for amplifying a second intermediate frequency signal and providing a certain second intermediate frequency signal gain to meet the post-stage processing requirements; The equalizer includes equalizer 1, equalizer 2, and equalizer 3; The comparison amplifier circuit includes comparison amplifier circuit 1, comparison amplifier circuit 2, comparison amplifier circuit 3, comparison amplifier circuit 4, comparison amplifier circuit 5, and comparison amplifier circuit 6.

5. A satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The isolator is connected to the Ka-band signal Rfin output, and the limiter is connected to the isolator output; The electrically adjustable attenuator 1 is connected to the output of the limiter; the low noise amplifier is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 1; the filter 1 is connected to the output of the low noise amplifier; the electrically adjustable attenuator 2 is connected to the output of the filter 1; the mixer 1 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 2; the filter 2 is connected to the output of the mixer 1; the amplifier 1 is connected to the output of the filter 2; the electrically adjustable attenuator 3 is connected to the output of the amplifier 2; the mixer 2 is connected to the output of the amplifier 2; the filter 3 is connected to the output of the mixer 2; the amplifier 3 is connected to the output of the filter 3; the electrically adjustable attenuator 4 is connected to the output of the amplifier 3; the amplifier 4 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 4; the equalizer 1 is connected to the output of the amplifier 4; the electrically adjustable attenuator 5 is connected to the output of the equalizer 1; the amplifier 5 is connected to the output of the equalizer 1; The equalizer 2 is connected to the output of the amplifier 5; the electrically adjustable attenuator 6 is connected to the output of the equalizer 2; the amplifier 6 is connected to the output of the electrically adjustable attenuator 6; the attenuator is connected to the output of the amplifier 6; the power divider is connected to the output of the attenuator; the power divider has two outputs, one is connected to the equalizer 3, and the other is connected to the amplifier 8; the amplifier 7 is connected to the output of the equalizer 3; the amplifier 7 outputs to the baseband processing; the detector is connected to the output of the amplifier 8; the detector also outputs 6 voltages, which are respectively connected to the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; the operational amplifier is connected to the output of the detector; the operational amplifier outputs a telemetry signal.

6. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrically adjustable attenuator 1 receives the AGC6 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 6; the electrically adjustable attenuator 2 receives the AGC5 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 5; the electrically adjustable attenuator 3 receives the AGC4 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 4; the electrically adjustable attenuator 4 receives the AGC3 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 3; the electrically adjustable attenuator 5 receives the AGC2 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 2; the electrically adjustable attenuator 6 receives the AGC1 voltage from the comparison amplifier circuit 1.

7. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 compare the detection voltage with the corresponding reference voltage and use it as the control voltage AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, AGC6 of the electrically adjustable attenuators 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 after a certain proportion of voltage amplification; the comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 control the attenuation of the electrically adjustable attenuators to achieve the purpose of automatic gain control; the corresponding reference voltages of the control voltages AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, AGC6 are increased in sequence to achieve the purpose of sequentially controlling the electrically adjustable attenuators 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, so that the signal has a large dynamic range, and the noise coefficient, gain, and delay changes are relatively continuous, meeting the requirements of the noise coefficient and delay changes of the medium and strong signal channels.

8. A satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The output voltage of the detector is divided into 6 paths, which are respectively connected to comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 to generate AGC control voltages AGC1, AGC2, AGC3, AGC4, AGC5, and AGC6 to control the attenuation of electrically adjustable attenuators 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 respectively. The reference voltages of comparison amplifier circuits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 increase in sequence. According to the input signal from small to large, the electrically adjustable attenuators 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 are controlled in sequence to realize automatic gain control, so that the amplitude of the intermediate frequency output signal remains stable within the entire input dynamic range.

9. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reference signal required by the adjustable local oscillator and the second local oscillator frequency source is provided by the same OCXO signal after power division amplification; The frequency control of the adjustable local oscillator is completed by the SPI interface, the frequency step is 10M, the adjustable range is 2G, and it can be changed according to the frequency change of the input signal to achieve the reception of broadband signals; The adjustable local oscillator is used to provide a local oscillator signal for the mixer 1, and its frequency is adjusted according to the change of the input signal frequency by configuring the frequency control word to achieve the reception of ultra-wideband signals; The two local oscillators are used to provide local oscillator signals to the mixer 2, and the frequencies thereof are fixed, so that the frequencies of the two intermediate frequency signals are fixed, which is convenient for the processing of the filter 3 and the subsequent link.

10. The satellite-borne Ka-band large dynamic and ultra-wideband receiving channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustable local oscillator can realize the reception of signals with a specific frequency and a specific bandwidth. At this time, the bandwidth of the received signal is selected and determined by the filter 3 according to application requirements.

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