Intelligent module of plate type overhead cooler of electric machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a module (1) of an overhead cooler (4), in particular a plate heat exchanger of an electric machine (5), having regions which are fluidically separated from one another and can form a primary circulation (2) and a secondary circulation (3), having at least one section (40), the invention relates to a module (1) for an overhead cooler (4) of an electric machine (5), comprising a section having an auxiliary fan (23) and / or a sensor (39) and / or an analysis tool and / or a contact fitting and / or a communication device to a superordinate controller (42), having a locking mechanism (44, 45) corresponding to a receiving opening (22) of the overhead cooler (4), which locking mechanism (44, 45) locks the overhead cooler (4) in an inserted state in the receiving opening (22) of the overhead cooler (4) of the electric machine (5). At least part of the primary circulation (2) and at least part of the secondary circulation (3) can be brought together with the electric machine (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an intelligent module of a roof cooler of a closed electric machine, such a roof cooler, such an electric machine, and the application of such an electric machine. Background Art

[0002] Electric machines generate losses during operation, including iron losses and copper losses, which cause heat to accumulate in the machine. This heat must be dissipated from the machine to ensure the normal operation of the electric machine.

[0003] In this case, generally different cooling media are used, such as gases, in particular air, or liquids, in particular water.

[0004] In closed, in particular larger electric machines, there is an internal closed cooling circuit (primary circuit), in which in particular air or another medium circulates within the electric machine. The medium of this primary circuit is recooled in a heat exchanger (secondary circuit), which is, for example, arranged on the electric machine.

[0005] Basically, there are two known air cooler principles for closed electric machines. One of them is the tube bundle air-air heat exchanger.

[0006] The disadvantage is that, in order to provide a corresponding cooling performance, a relatively large structural volume is required and the manufacturing costs are high. In addition, in order to maintain the cooling performance, it is necessary to clean the individual pipes of the tube bundle air-air heat exchanger, which is also very time-consuming. In addition, symmetrical, especially axially uniform cooling of the electric machine is almost impossible.

[0007] In order to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages, plate-type air-air heat exchangers, as are known, for example, from WO 01 / 05017 A1 and WO 2016 / 046407 A1, are used for electric machines.

[0008] Disadvantages in this case include a relatively complex structure and cumbersome air paths. Summary of the invention

[0009] Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to provide an optimized cooling system for an electric machine which, among other things, can be flexibly adapted to the requirements of the electric machine and which has a simple construction.

[0010] This object is achieved by a module of a roof cooler of an electric machine, in particular by a module of a plate heat exchanger, which module has areas separated from each other in terms of flow, allowing the formation of a main circulation flow and a secondary circulation flow, the module has at least one section, which has an auxiliary fan and / or a sensor and / or an analysis tool and / or a contact accessory and / or a device for communicating with a superior controller, the module has a locking mechanism corresponding to a receiving opening of the roof cooler, and when the module is inserted into the receiving opening of the roof cooler of the electric machine, it can keep at least part of the main circulation flow and at least part of the secondary circulation flow together with the electric machine.

[0011] The stated object is also achieved by a roof cooler according to the invention for an electric machine having a stator with a winding system and a rotor mounted rotatably about an axis, which can form a heat exchanger, in particular a plate heat exchanger, by means of a module according to the invention.

[0012] - wherein the overhead cooler has means for realizing a primary circulation flow and a secondary circulation flow separated from the primary circulation flow in conjunction with the electric machine,

[0013] - wherein the roof cooler has a primary opening to the electric machine and a secondary opening to form a primary circulation flow and the secondary opening to form a secondary circulation flow,

[0014] - wherein the roof-mounted cooler has a receiving opening for accommodating the module,

[0015] wherein the roof cooler forms a frame / housing which provides electrical contact means for the modules in the receiving openings and / or data connections between the modules and / or a connection to a superordinate controller,

[0016] wherein the locking mechanism is operated to open / close the primary circulation flow and the secondary circulation flow by inserting the module into or removing the module from the corresponding receiving opening of the module.

[0017] The proposed object is also achieved by an electric machine having a roof cooler according to the invention, wherein the housing of the electric machine has an opening which corresponds to a corresponding main opening of the roof cooler, so that when the electric machine is in operation a main circulation is formed which can recool the modules of the roof cooler with the aid of a cooling air flow of a secondary circulation.

[0018] The stated object is also achieved by an industrial drive machine, such as a compressor, fan, pump or blower, having an electric machine according to the invention, wherein the cooling performance can be adjusted depending on the application and the installation position via the volume flow and the number and / or type of modules.

[0019] In addition to its plate-like structure, the module also has sections that can be used for auxiliary fans and / or sensors for detecting the temperature of the corresponding cooling air flow, and / or analysis tools for analyzing residues in the cooling air (products of partial discharges in the insulation), etc. and / or detecting noise emissions and eliminating them (for example, starting active vibration suppression), and / or detecting abnormal air pressure differences, especially in the main circulation area, which may indicate abnormal contamination or blockage in the circulation.

[0020] Among other things, this enables the cooling circulation of the primary circulation and the secondary circulation of the entire roof cooler and / or of the individual modules to be monitored by artificial intelligence (AI) and regulated by a central controller and / or a controller directly on the module. For example, the cooling performance can be adjusted directly to match the load and / or the ambient temperature of the electric machine via the flow rate of the primary circulation and / or the secondary circulation.

[0021] Furthermore, by using coated plates in each module, the chemical resistance of the individual modules of the roof cooler can be adjusted to the location / application / environment of the plate heat exchanger or electric machine. This is particularly advantageous for the use of modules and the application of electric machines in corrosive gas environments, especially in explosion-proof installation locations for electric machines.

[0022] The top cooler adopts the modular structure of the plate heat exchanger, which makes the replacement and cleaning of individual modules simple. When maintaining a single module, there is no need to interrupt the operation of the electric machine, because cooling can be achieved through the remaining modules, and even compensated by increasing their coolant flow.

[0023] According to the invention, a roof-mounted cooler is now provided, which forms a primary and secondary circulation with an electric machine, the roof-mounted cooler having only a frame / infrastructure for fans, air ducts and receiving openings for modules, wherein the modules are designed "intelligently" as required. This includes sensors, the module's own fan, specially designed and chemically resistant plates, integrated control electronics, airflow analysis tools, etc., as described below.

[0024] In other words, the frame or housing of the roof mounted cooler serves only as a mechanical infrastructure to house the routing of power supply and / or data lines to and from the modules and / or fans or pumps for the secondary circulation.

[0025] In the housing of the overhead cooler, main openings are understood to be openings which, together with corresponding openings in the housing of the electric machine (such as intake and exhaust air channels), form the main circulation.

[0026] The secondary openings in the housing of the roof cooler are therefore openings which form a secondary annular flow.

[0027] When the module is removed, the receiving opening of the top cooler is locked, ie a mechanical locking mechanism prevents flow short-circuiting between the primary and secondary circulations and within the circulations. When the module is inserted into the receiving opening, these circulations can be properly re-formed.

[0028] These locking mechanisms have mechanically corresponding parts between the respective modules and their receiving openings. These parts have mechanical locking devices that prevent unauthorized removal of the modules. In addition, the opening or closing of the flow channels of the primary and secondary circulations is ensured. These mechanically corresponding parts also ensure electrical contact between each module and the power supply provided in the roof cooler.

[0029] The main circulation is the airflow or airflow distribution inside the electric machine, whether ventilated on one or two sides, which flows through the machine's components, such as winding head areas, winding noses, lamination stacks, windings, housing, bearings. This circulation is designed as a closed-loop system with no flow-related contact with the outside world. The airflow of the main circulation is generated by one or more integrated fans of the electric machine and / or external fans and / or switchable auxiliary fans of the corresponding modules, operating in blowing or suction mode.

[0030] The term secondary circulation refers to the air flow in the roof cooler which is thermally coupled to the air flow of the primary circulation and is therefore able to subcool it, wherein the air flow or the air flow distribution of the secondary circulation is generated by an integrated fan and / or an external fan and / or by a switchable auxiliary fan of the corresponding module, operating in blowing or suction mode.

[0031] The secondary circulation is preferably designed to be open, i.e. it operates with ambient air which is sucked in from the environment, heated and discharged into the environment. Thus, an electric machine with such a roof cooler can be installed almost anywhere. If necessary, a filter mat or air filter may be required before the secondary circulation to cope with heavily polluted air.

[0032] In particular, during the heat exchange between the primary circulation and the secondary circulation, each air flow of the primary circulation and each air flow of the secondary circulation can be divided at least in sections into parallel flow paths within its flow path. This is achieved by flow-guiding devices in the electric machine and / or the overhead cooler in order to optimize the cooling effect of the flow of the primary circulation and / or the secondary circulation.

[0033] Furthermore, the secondary circulation can also be designed as a liquid cooling circulation, for example using water. These modules are heat exchangers that transfer the air from the primary circulation to the liquid of the secondary circulation. For efficient cooling, the control system regulates the respective coolant flows of the primary circulation and / or the secondary circulation.

[0034] Therefore, there is also a superordinate controller for the top cooler, which controller does not necessarily have to be installed on the base frame of the top cooler (for example, the controller can be arranged in a remote control room). According to the invention, it is also possible to provide an independent controller subordinate to the superordinate controller of the top cooler in the module itself, depending on the different designs of the modules. Therefore, the controller on the module not only supports the cooling of the primary and / or secondary circulations, but also monitors the composition of these air flows, such as the composition of the main circulation conveyed through the module, which can provide feedback on the state of the machine or indicate the need for maintenance of the machine. This may relate to the insulation of the winding system (partial discharge) or the state of the bearings (wear of the rolling elements), etc.

[0035] The implementation of the different rows of these modules enables their adjustment to the intended application of the electric machine and / or the required cooling performance of the roof cooler. The modules have built-in intelligence and auxiliary fans, which enable optimized cooling (flow behavior, noise emissions) as well as the detection of contaminants in the cooling flow, which in turn trigger further actions that are ultimately stored in the control algorithm (artificial intelligence, digital twin) and enable corresponding arrangements for the further operation of the electric machine.

[0036] The ceiling cooler forms the basic structure, including the wiring of the modules, the contacting and possible superimposed control of the cooling circuit, which controls the cooling of the electric machine or, if necessary, other drives assigned to the same process. This can be a rolling mill, a paper mill or a conveyor system.

[0037] The acquisition and evaluation of measured values, the regulation of the cooling performance and / or the artificial intelligence are therefore transferred from the electric machine to the modules of the ceiling cooler and / or to a higher-level controller.

[0038] According to the invention, a relatively more efficient cooling system for electric machines is now provided by means of a top cooler with a module according to the invention. Due to its modular design, it is also suitable for the main circulation of single-sided and double-sided ventilation systems for electric machines.

[0039] Due to the modular construction of the plate heat exchangers in the roof cooler, it is also possible to simply replace individual modules for servicing, cleaning, etc. When servicing individual modules, it is not necessary to interrupt the operation of the electric machine, as cooling is achieved by the remaining modules, which automatically adjust to the respective cooling requirements and are then achieved by the auxiliary fans of the remaining modules or a superordinate external fan connected in the primary and / or secondary circulation.

[0040] A reduction in cooling performance occurs only when the remaining modules in the roof cooler can no longer handle the cooling capacity.

[0041] When a module is removed from the roof cooler, its receiving opening is closed to prevent flow short circuits in the primary and / or secondary circulations which could impair cooling performance. During operation of the electric machine, the primary and secondary circulations are connected via the remaining modules in the roof cooler.

[0042] Advantageously, inexpensive standardized modules can also be inserted into these receiving openings as plate heat exchangers. In this case, however, they do not form an adjustable part of the cooling system.

[0043] By using modules, it is possible to install modules in the same housing of a roof cooler, which modules can work according to the cross-flow or counter-flow principle. This allows the adjustment of the application purpose and / or the required cooling performance of the roof cooler.

[0044] By using coated plates in each module of the plate heat exchanger, the chemical resistance of the overhead cooler can be improved. The required coating can be adapted to the chemical durability requirements or the purpose of the overhead cooler installed on the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The present invention and its further advantageous embodiments will be described in detail by means of an embodiment shown in principle, wherein:

[0046] Figure 1 , 2 shows different designs of modules,

[0047] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an electric machine with a top mounted cooler,

[0048] Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through an electric machine with a top mounted cooler,

[0049] Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an electric machine with a top mounted cooler,

[0050] Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section through an electric machine with a top-mounted cooler, with schematically indicated primary and secondary circulations,

[0051] Figure 7 A top view of a roof cooler with a schematic secondary circulation is shown.

[0052] Figure 8 shows a longitudinal section through an electric machine with a top-mounted cooler, with further schematic representation of the primary and secondary circulations,

[0053] Fig. 9 A top view of a roof cooler with schematic secondary circulation when the module is removed is shown,

[0054] Fig.10 A principle schematic diagram of the partitioning is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] It should be noted that terms such as "axial", "radial", "tangential" and the like are relative to the axis 7 used in the respective figures or in the examples described. In other words, the directions axial, radial and tangential are always relative to the axis 7 of the rotor 18 and, in turn, to the corresponding axis of symmetry of the stator 17. Among them, "axial" describes the direction parallel to the axis 7, "radial" describes the direction perpendicular to the axis 7, towards or away from the axis, and "tangential" is the direction around the circumference of the axis 7 at a constant radial distance and a constant axial position from the axis 7. The term "circumferentially" is synonymous with "tangential".

[0056] With reference to a surface, eg a cross-section, the terms "axial", "radial", "tangential" etc. describe the direction of the normal vector to the surface, ie the vector perpendicular to the relevant surface.

[0057] In the term "coaxial components", for example, coaxial components such as rotor 18 and stator 17 are understood here to be components having the same normal vector, so that the planes defined by the coaxial components are parallel to each other. In addition, the term should include coaxial components with their centers located on the same rotational or symmetric axis. However, these centers can be located at different axial positions on this axis, so that the distance between the planes is >0 from each other. The term does not require that the coaxial components have the same radius.

[0058] The term "complementary" when referring to two "complementary" components means that their external design enables one component to be preferably completely configured on the component that complements it, so that the inner surface of one component and the outer surface of the other component are ideally in seamless or complete contact. Therefore, in the case of two complementary objects, the external shape of one object is determined by the external shape of the other object.

[0059] For the sake of clarity, in the drawings, sometimes in some cases, not all of the multiple components present are labeled with reference numerals.

[0060] The described designs can be combined in any way. Likewise, individual features of the various designs can also be combined without departing from the essence of the invention. Thus, some figures show the flow conditions in the module 1 or the overhead cooler 4 or the electric machine 5, while other figures show the required machinery in principle.

[0061] In order to avoid repetition, in the description of the designs and their reference numerals that have been basically described, the following description will mainly focus on the supplementary or distinguishing features of each design.

[0062] Figure 1A module 1 of a plate heat exchanger is shown, which has a hexagonal cross section, wherein the module 1 is designed hexagonally. The plates 16 of the module 1 are configured such that the gas streams of the primary circulation flow 2 and the secondary circulation flow 3 can exchange heat in the module 1 through the plates.

[0063] Figure 2 A module 1 of a plate heat exchanger is shown, which has a quadrilateral cross section, wherein the module 1 is designed as a cube or a cuboid. The plates 16 of the module 1 are configured such that the airflows of the primary circulation 2 and the secondary circulation 3 can exchange heat in the module 1 through the plates.

[0064] The common point of both designs is that the module 1 is composed of plates 16 so that in the continuous gaps between adjacent plates 16 the airflow of the primary circulation 2, ie the heated air, and the air of the secondary circulation 3, ie the cooling air, flow in sequence.

[0065] The plate stack of the respective module 1 is sealed between the outside and the air flow by means of sealing elements. It is also possible to glue or weld the plate stack to achieve sealing. The packing of the modules 1 is achieved by tightening bolts or welding connections.

[0066] In order to enhance the heat transfer between the primary circulation flow 2 and the secondary circulation flow 3 within the module 1 , the plates 16 are preferably designed to be contoured so as to create turbulence in the respective flows.

[0067] Furthermore, the cooling performance of the individual modules 1 and their associated top-mounted coolers 4 can be influenced by means of the direct or countercurrent principle of the primary circulation 2 and the secondary circulation 3 .

[0068] The airflow portion of module 1 in primary circulation 2 and secondary circulation 3 is only Figure 1 and Figure 2 is shown as an example.

[0069] The air flows of the primary circulation 2 and the secondary circulation 3 are optimized in their respective flow paths through corresponding and various flow guiding devices 12 in the overhead cooler 4 .

[0070] Module 1 contains the possibility for auxiliary fans 23, sensors 39 for measuring the temperature of the corresponding cooling air flow, as well as analysis tools including for residues in the cooling air (partial discharge products in the insulation) and noise emissions, and for their solution, the detection of abnormal air pressure differences which indicate contamination in particular in the area of ​​the main circulation 2.

[0071] This makes it possible to use AI (artificial intelligence) and with the help of a higher-level controller 42 (see Figure 3 ) to regulate the primary cooling flow and / or secondary cooling flow of the entire overhead cooler 4 and / or a single module 1, such as the volume flow of the cooling medium, and adjust the corresponding environmental conditions.

[0072] Furthermore, by using the coated plates 16 in each module 1 , the chemical resistance of the individual modules 1 of the roof cooler 4 can be adjusted depending on the location / application / environment in which the plate heat exchanger or the electric machine 5 is used.

[0073] Suitable materials for the panels 16 of the module 1 include plastic, aluminum, steel, copper or stainless steel. Likewise, it is possible to consider coating the panels 16 of the module 1 with epoxy coating or other coatings.

[0074] The plates 16 can also be designed to be flat or corrugated.

[0075] The schematically illustrated arrangement of the plates 16 of the module 1 is intended only to illustrate a schematic diagram of the plate cooler of the module 1 , but does not necessarily illustrate the flow directions of the primary circulation flow 2 and / or the secondary circulation flow 3 determined thereby.

[0076] The section 40 of the module 1 accordingly has an auxiliary fan 23 and / or other sensors 39 for the temperature of the corresponding cooling air flow and / or analysis tools for residues in the cooling air (products of partial discharges in the insulation) and / or analysis tools for noise emissions and / or means for detecting abnormal air pressure differences which may indicate pollution, in particular in the area of ​​the main circulation 2.

[0077] Thus, the module 1 is intelligently designed and in particular enables the cooling performance and / or the operating behavior of the electric machine 5 to be controlled by means of the superordinate controller 42. In the event of insufficient cooling performance, the volume flow of the primary circulation 2 and / or the secondary circulation 3 can be increased, for example, or the electric machine 5 can be operated under conditions of lower thermal load. If residues are found in the primary circulation, indicating a deterioration of the insulation performance, the machine 5 can be shut down and a fault message issued.

[0078] Figure 3 A perspective view of a ceiling cooler 4 on a housing 26 of an electric machine 5 is shown. For illustration purposes, the modules 1 are designed as hexagonal or, as in this case, cubic plate coolers and are removed from their preferably complementary receiving openings 22. Each module 1 can be removed individually for cleaning the plates 16 or replacement without fluid bypassing through unoccupied receiving openings 22 and thus affecting the cooling performance of the remaining modules 1. This is ensured by corresponding partitions 43, gates 45 and covers 44 of the receiving openings 22, which will be discussed in detail below.

[0079] The insertion opening or receiving opening 22 is closed at least fluidically to the respective circulation (primary circulation 2, secondary circulation 3) when no module 1 is present, and the receiving opening 22 is open to the primary circulation 2 and the secondary circulation 3 when the module 1 is installed, and is closed when the module 1 is removed. For example, when the module 1 is inserted into the corresponding receiving opening 22, a cover or a shutter is pushed open or folded back against a spring force. When the module 1 is removed from the receiving opening 22, these closing elements are closed so that no fluid bypass occurs.

[0080] Figure 4 A longitudinal section of an electric machine 5 with a top cooler 4 is shown. The electric machine 5 is housed in a housing 26 which accommodates the bearings 13. The housing 26 of the electric machine 5 is designed to be closed and has only pre-set openings to the top cooler 4 - an inlet channel 10 and an outlet channel 11, which allow the main circulation 2 to form within the closed electric machine 5.

[0081] There are openings (main openings) in the housing 15 of the top cooler 4, which correspond in flow to the inlet channel 10 and the outlet channel 11 in the housing 26 of the electric machine 5, thereby forming a closed main circulation 2. In addition, other flow guide devices 12 are also configured in the housing 15 to form the main circulation 2 and the secondary circulation 3.

[0082] Figure 4 Also shown is a ceiling cooler 4 of an electric machine 5 with a schematically shown one-sided ventilation - also called Z-ventilation - of the main circulation 2. Here, the cooling air of the main circulation 2 enters the winding overhang region 14 from one side (here the right side), flows through the machine 1 in various ways, and flows out of the housing 26 through the winding overhang region from the other side (here the left side). In this design, the heated air of the main circulation 2 is first directed upwards in the ceiling cooler 4 and then recooled downwards on its "path" through the modules 1.

[0083] The stator 17 is positioned in a rotationally fixed manner in a housing 26. The stator 17 has a winding system in slots (not shown in detail) of its lamination stack, which, when energized, interacts with the rotor 18 through the air gap 25 of the electric machine 5 due to electromagnetic interaction, causing the rotor 18 to rotate about its axis 7. The rotor 18 can have a short-circuit cage, so that the electric machine 5 is designed as an asynchronous machine. The rotor 18 can also have permanent magnets, so that the electric machine 5 is designed as a synchronous machine (with a full-pole or salient-pole rotor).

[0084] Furthermore, the rotor 18 can be designed with its own winding system, for example with an electrical supply via a slip ring arrangement.

[0085] In principle, the top cooler 4 is suitable for any type of electric machine 5. It is only necessary to arrange the inlet channel 10 and the outlet channel 11 in the housing 26 of the electric machine 5 in a fluidically corresponding manner to the corresponding predetermined openings or recesses (main openings) in the housing 15 of the top cooler 4.

[0086] In this case, the axially stacked laminations of the stator 17 and the rotor 18 are provided with radial channels 21 at predetermined intervals in order to improve the cooling of the respective laminations and the winding system in the slots.

[0087] Furthermore, an internal fan 24 is provided for moving the air of the main circulation 2. In this case, there is so-called one-sided ventilation, also called Z-ventilation.

[0088] One-sided ventilation refers to ventilation of the electric machine 5, in which the air flow (main circulation 2) is introduced from one side of the electric machine 5 into the winding projection area 14 and then reaches the other winding projection area 14 through different parallel and / or serial flow channels - winding projection 19, back of the lamination stack of the stator 17, radial cooling channels 21, air gaps 25, etc. From there, the heated air of the main circulation 2 enters the overhead cooler 4 for recooling via one or more fans - self-cooling fans or external fans.

[0089] The air of the primary circulation 2 is thus guided through the winding overhang region 14 into the housing 26 of the electric machine 5 and there through the winding overhang 19 and the laminated core and / or the air gap 25 to the further winding overhang region 14. From there, the now heated cooling air flow is recooled via the overhead cooler 4, in particular via the modules 1 of the secondary circulation 3.

[0090] In this and other embodiments, the primary circulation 2 and / or the secondary circulation 3 are only partially shown, e.g. Figure 3 , only a portion of the main circulation 2 above the shaft 7 is shown. The main circulation 2 or a portion thereof also runs in the lower region and also in other regions of the interior of the electric machine 5, for example in the air gap 25.

[0091] The housing 15 of the roof cooler 4 has sound-insulating elements in order to reduce the noise emissions of the electric machine 5 into the surroundings.

[0092] The fan 8 generates a cooling airflow of the secondary circulation 3 , which recools the heated cooling airflow of the primary circulation 2 through the plate heat exchanger of the module 1 .

[0093] In this case, the fan 8 is a self-cooling fan which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft 6. However, it is also possible to use an external fan 31 on or around the ceiling cooler 4 in order to support the cooling air flow of the secondary circulation 3.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, the module 1 is preferably arranged along a central channel 20 extending at least partially in parallel with the axis. In this embodiment, the module 1 is arranged along both sides of the central channel 20.

[0095] Figure 6 A top-mounted cooler 4 of an electric machine 5 is shown with a schematically illustrated double-sided ventilation of the main circulation 2, also referred to as X-ventilation. Figure 4 Compared to the illustrated embodiment, the top plate 35 is removed, which is necessary for a one-sided ventilation adjustment of the air guiding device 12 in the roof cooler 4 .

[0096] Double-sided ventilation refers to ventilation of the electric machine 5, in which the air flow (main circulation 2) enters the winding projection area 14 from both sides of the electric machine 5 and then enters the top cooler 4 through different parallel and / or serial flow channels - winding projection 19, back side of the stator 17 laminated core, radial cooling channels 21, air gap 25, etc. - essentially in the middle of the back side of the stator laminated core. The heated air of the main circulation 2 is conveyed to the top cooler 4 for recooling by one or more fans - self-cooling fans or external fans. Corresponding baffle elements 29 improve the flow path of the main circulation 2.

[0097] Figure 7 The schematic path of the air flow of the secondary circulation 3 of the roof cooler 4 is shown in a top view. Here, the self-cooling fan 8 and / or the external fan 31 presses the air flow axially through the air inlet channel 37 into the intermediate channel 20, which recools the air of the primary circulation 2 through the plate heat exchanger of the module 1 and discharges the heated air from the housing 15 of the roof cooler 4 through the exhaust channel 38.

[0098] Figure 8 Another possibility of using the roof cooler 4 according to the invention in the case of double-sided ventilation of the electric machine 5 is shown. In this case, the receiving opening 22 is not occupied. Therefore, the flow guide device 12, the gate 45 and the cover plate 44 of the roof cooler 4 are positioned flow-technically to prevent the occurrence of flow short-circuits. In the "not occupied" state, the primary circulation 2 and / or the secondary circulation 3 remain closed in this receiving opening 22.

[0099] Fig. 9 A corresponding design of a secondary circulation flow 3 is shown, the unoccupied receiving openings 22 of which are tightly closed in order to avoid flow short-circuiting.

[0100] Fig.10The schematic diagram shows how the module 1 is pushed into the receiving opening 22, whereby, as it is pushed in, the shutter 45 is flipped upwards to open the secondary circulation. At the same time, the main circulation is opened by moving the cover 44 at the upper and lower sides of the module 1 towards the intermediate channel 20 at the receiving opening 22. With the insertion of the module 1, the electrical connections are also completed, for example to supply power to the auxiliary fan 23 and / or the controller and analysis unit.

[0101] These mechanical locking mechanisms can also be designed differently, but the key point is always that the secondary and primary circulations are only “released” after the module 1 is inserted.

[0102] It is also possible for the asymmetrical central channel 20 of the ceiling cooler 4 to preferably have an intelligent module 1 on one side and a standardized module with a smaller installation depth on the other side.

[0103] It is also conceivable that an external fan 31 , in particular an axial fan, is connected to the secondary circulation 3 via a hood (not shown in detail). It is positioned on the ceiling cooler 4 , for example.

[0104] In addition, an additional external fan 31 can be arranged in the intermediate channel 20 to further drive the airflow of the secondary circulation 3 together with the self-cooling fan 8 and / or the external fan, so as to maintain or accelerate the airflow in the secondary circulation 3 .

[0105] The individual modules 1 are preferably flowed through in parallel by the secondary airflow 3. Each module 1 provides an almost similar cooling performance, since the secondary airflow 3 has almost the same temperature before entering the individual modules 1. The cooling performance can be increased by external fans - see above - or by auxiliary fans 23 of the modules 1 themselves.

[0106] Likewise, it is possible to install the roof cooler 4 in a different space than the electric machine 5. In this case, the primary cooling air flow 2 needs to be guided by corresponding ducts.

[0107] There are various possibilities for guiding the heated exhaust gases of the secondary annular flow 3, which come from the exhaust gas channel 38, that is, from the module 1. Guide elements can guide these exhaust gases diagonally downwards, or first in an axially parallel direction and then optionally diagonally upwards. Likewise, axially parallel directions of guide elements are also conceivable, which can guide the heated exhaust gases of the secondary annular flow 3 in one or more directions.

[0108] By means of a corresponding orientation of the guide elements, the heated exhaust gas of the secondary circulation flow 3 can also be guided upwards and / or downwards.

[0109] In order to achieve sound insulation of the roof cooler 4 , the interior of the housing 15 and / or the air outlet surface of the secondary circulation 3 are oriented and / or at least partially equipped with sound insulation elements without affecting the cooling performance of the roof cooler 4 .

[0110] By means of the design of the ceiling cooler 4 according to the invention, all known structural forms are possible, since the electric machine 5 can be installed vertically, horizontally or tilted at a predeterminable angle (IM1001 . . . ).

[0111] Through the design scheme of the top cooler 4 according to the present invention, all known cooling methods, such as IC611, IC616, IC666, IC661, etc., can still be realized.

[0112] The top cooler 4 does not necessarily have to be mounted on the machine 5. It can also be mounted on the side of the machine, even below the machine or in a separate auxiliary space.

[0113] The axial fan 24 of the main circulation 2 arranged in the housing 26 can be arranged independently of the cooling method (Z- or X-ventilation) on the side facing the working machine and / or the side facing away from the working machine in the housing 26 of the electric machine 5 (i.e. the drive end (Drive-End) or the non-drive end (Non-Drive-End)).

[0114] This also generally applies to the fan 8 , which, if present, can also be arranged at the drive end and / or the non-drive end of the electric machine 5 .

[0115] In order to maintain the secondary circulation flow 3 and / or the primary circulation flow 2 , at least one external fan 31 can be provided additionally or separately to push or suck in a required amount of air through the secondary circulation flow 3 .

[0116] As mentioned above, these external fans 31 can be arranged at almost any location of the primary circulation 2 and / or the secondary circulation 3 .

[0117] The top cooler 4 according to the invention is also suitable for explosion-proof installations. The electric machine 5 is designed as a closed machine. In this case, special attention is required, especially in the sealing of the gaps between the modules 1, to prevent possible explosive gases from entering the main circulation 2 and thus the winding system of the electric machine 5. This can also be monitored by sensors 39 arranged in the module 1.

[0118] As cooling medium for the primary circulation 2 and / or the secondary circulation 3, in addition to air, other gaseous media can also be used, such as nitrogen. Likewise, for the primary circulation 2 and / or the secondary circulation 3, it is also possible to consider using liquid cooling media, such as oil or water. The key is always the heat exchange between the primary circulation 2 and the secondary circulation 3 by the intelligent modules 1 of the overhead cooler 4, which are designed as plate coolers and can analyze the cooling process or the state of the electric machine 5.

Claims

1. An electric machine (5) having a top-mounted cooler (4), - wherein the roof cooler (4) of the electric machine (5) can be designed as a heat exchanger, in particular a plate heat exchanger, formed from a module (1), the electric machine having a stator (17) with a winding system and a rotor (18) mounted rotatably about an axis (7), -in, The top cooler (4) has means for realizing a main circulation (2) and a secondary circulation (3) fluidically separated from the main circulation in conjunction with the electric machine (5), - wherein the overhead cooler (4) has a primary opening and a secondary opening to the electric machine (5), the primary opening being used to realize the primary circulation (2) and the secondary opening being used to realize the secondary circulation (3), - wherein the roof cooler (4) has a receiving opening (22) for accommodating the module (1), - wherein the roof cooler (4) forms a frame / housing (15) which provides electrical contact means (46) for the modules (1) in the receiving opening (22) and / or data connections between the modules (1) and / or a connection to a higher-level controller (42), wherein, by inserting the module (1) into the corresponding receiving opening (22) of the module or removing the module from the corresponding receiving opening of the module, the locking mechanism (44, 45) is operated to open / close the primary circulation (2) and the secondary circulation (3), - wherein the module (1) of the top cooler (4) of the electric machine (5), which is particularly designed as a plate heat exchanger, has regions separated from each other in terms of flow, which enable a primary circulation (2) and a secondary circulation (3), the module (1) has at least one section (40), which has an auxiliary fan (23) and / or a sensor (39) and / or an analysis tool and / or a contact accessory and / or a device for communicating with the upper controller (42), the module (1) has a locking mechanism (44, 45) corresponding to the receiving opening (22) of the top cooler (4), and when the module (1) is inserted into the receiving opening (22) of the top cooler (4) of the electric machine (5), at least part of the primary circulation (2) and at least part of the secondary circulation (3) of the top cooler (4) can be kept together with the electric machine (5), - wherein the housing (26) of the electric machine (5) has openings (10, 11) which correspond to the respective main openings of the roof cooler (4) according to claims 6 to 11, so that during operation of the electric machine (5), a main circulation (2) is established, which can be recooled via the modules (1) of the roof cooler (4) with the aid of the cooling air flow of the secondary circulation (3).

2. The electric machine (5) with a top cooler (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that The sensor (39) is arranged in the primary circulation (2) and / or the secondary circulation (3) and / or in the section (40) of the module (1).

3. The electric machine (5) with a top cooler (4) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The closing mechanism (44, 45) is designed as a displaceable cover plate (44) and / or a flap valve (45).

4. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The region of the module (1) which separates the flow as part of the primary circulation flow (2) and as part of the secondary circulation flow (3) is designed as a plate (16).

5. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The plate (16) of the module (1) is realized as a surface-enlarged structure, in particular as a surface-enlarged structure of wave-shaped design.

6. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that In particular, in the top cooler (4), an intermediate channel (20) is provided which is parallel to the axis (7) of the electric machine (5), and the intermediate channel (20) is capable of receiving the airflow of the secondary circulation (3) for the module (1), and the airflow can be generated by an integrated fan and / or an external fan (8, 31), which is directly arranged on the electric machine (5) or arranged in the vicinity of the electric machine (5).

7. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The secondary circulation ( 3 ) can be designed to be open, ie can be operated using ambient air.

8. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The housing (15) of the overhead cooler (4) has openings for at least one inflow channel and at least one outflow channel (10, 11) for the primary circulation (2) and openings for an inlet channel and an outlet channel (37, 38) for the secondary circulation (3).

9. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The housing (15) of the overhead cooler (4) has a blocking mechanism (44, 45) for the primary circulation (2) and / or the secondary circulation (3) and / or a flow guiding device (12) for the primary circulation and / or the secondary circulation.

10. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that An air filter is arranged upstream of the inlet for ambient air into the secondary annular flow (3), in particular upstream of the intermediate channel (20).

11. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The cooling air flow of the primary circulation (2) and / or the secondary circulation (3) can be generated by an integrated fan (8, 24) of the electric machine (5) and / or an external fan (31), and / or can be assisted, in particular optionally, by a corresponding auxiliary fan (23) of the module (1) according to claims 1 to 5.

12. An electric machine (5) with a roof cooler (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A sensor (39) is present in the electric machine (5) and / or the top cooler (4) and / or the module (1), which detects the cooling temperature in the primary circulation (2) and / or in the secondary circulation (3) and / or the rotational speed and / or vibration of the electric machine (5), and the data can be transmitted to a control device to control the rotational speed of the external fan (31) and / or adjust the flow guide device (12) of the circulation (2, 3) of the top cooler (4) and / or the electric machine (5).

13. An industrial drive machine, such as a compressor, a fan, a pump or a blower, having an electric machine (5) according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein: The cooling performance can be adjusted depending on the use and installation location of the electric machine (5) via the adjustable volume flow of the primary circulation (2) and / or the secondary circulation (3) and / or via the number of modules (1) and / or the type of modules (1).

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