Reactor for preparing aldehyde through efficient HF reaction

Abstract

The invention discloses a reactor for preparing aldehyde through efficient HF reaction, and belongs to the field of reactors, the reactor comprises a reactor body and a nozzle, a distributor is arranged on the reactor body, and the inlet end of the distributor extends to the outer side of the reactor body; the nozzle is arranged on the distributor, a first nozzle opening and a second nozzle opening are formed in the end of the nozzle, a partition plate is arranged between the first nozzle opening and the second nozzle opening, a through groove is formed in the partition plate, a rotatable sealing plate is arranged on the partition plate, and a movable abutting plate is arranged on one side of the sealing plate. By arranging a first nozzle and a second nozzle, when the first nozzle is blocked, a floating plate moves upwards under increased pressure, so that an abutting plate moves upwards, limitation on a sealing plate is unlocked, the sealing plate rotates downwards under the action of a torsional spring and pressure, and liquid enters a second cavity from a through groove and then is sprayed out from the second nozzle; therefore, the normal use of the nozzle is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of reactors, in particular to a reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of alkylbenzene, HF is often used as a catalyst for the alkylation reaction, the reactants are benzene and olefins, and the reaction product is alkylbenzene. In the traditional process, the reactants and catalyst are mixed outside the reactor through a static mixer, and after the mixing reaction, they enter the heat exchanger for cooling, and then enter the reactor for full reaction.

[0003] In order to improve the conversion rate, multiple nozzles are installed on the feed distributor of the reactor for spraying and atomization, thereby increasing the contact area. However, after long-term use of the nozzle, some substances in the liquid in the nozzle are prone to scaling under high-temperature reactions, causing the nozzle to be blocked, resulting in reduced performance or even failure of the nozzle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a nozzle, which is provided with a nozzle opening 1 and a nozzle opening 2. When nozzle opening 1 is blocked, nozzle opening 2 can spray out, thereby ensuring the normal use of the nozzle. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction comprises: a reactor body and a nozzle, wherein a distributor is arranged on the reactor body, and the inlet end of the distributor extends to the outside of the reactor body; the nozzle is arranged on the distributor, and a nozzle port 1 and a nozzle port 2 are arranged at the end of the nozzle, a partition plate is arranged between the nozzle port 1 and the nozzle port 2, a through groove is arranged on the partition plate, a rotatable sealing plate is arranged on the partition plate, and a movable abutting plate is arranged on one side of the sealing plate.

[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the sealing plate is rotatably connected to the partition plate to separate the nozzle 1 and the nozzle 2.

[0007] Preferably, the abutment plate contacts the side surface of the sealing plate, and the abutment plate is located on the upper part of the sealing plate.

[0008] Preferably, a conveying cavity is provided in the nozzle, the sealing plate divides the conveying cavity at the upper part of the nozzle into cavity one and cavity two, the nozzle one and nozzle two correspond to cavity one and cavity two respectively, and the sealing plate and the abutment plate are located in cavity two.

[0009] Preferably, a floating plate is provided on the lower side of the sealing plate, and the floating plate is adapted to the cavity.

[0010] Preferably, a support plate is provided in the second cavity, a slide rod passes through the support plate, the lower end of the slide rod is fixed to the floating plate, a spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and both ends of the spring are respectively connected to the support plate and the floating plate.

[0011] Preferably, a circular plate with a diameter larger than that of the sliding rod is provided at the top end of the sliding rod, and the circular plate is fixedly connected to the abutting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the distance from the partition plate to the slide bar is greater than the longitudinal length of the sealing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the partition plate and the rotating shaft of the sealing plate are connected via a torsion spring.

[0014] Preferably, a filler is provided on the upper side of the nozzle to enhance the distribution effect of the reaction materials and reduce the phenomenon of uneven reaction distribution.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention combines the reaction principle of the reactor, designs the reactor feed distributor as a multi-nozzle feed, and installs a structured filler above the feed distributor to increase the gas-liquid contact time. The multi-nozzle and the structured filler are matched to improve the heat transfer uniformity, enhance the distribution effect of the reaction materials, reduce the phenomenon of uneven reaction distribution, thereby increasing the residence time of the reactor materials and improving the conversion rate of the reactor; By setting nozzle one and nozzle two, when nozzle one is blocked, the float plate moves upward under the increased pressure, causing the abutment plate to move up, thereby unlocking the restriction on the sealing plate, and the sealing plate rotates downward under the action of the torsion spring and pressure, causing the liquid to enter cavity two from the through groove and then be sprayed out from nozzle two, thereby ensuring the normal use of the nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distributor and nozzle of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partition plate and the through groove of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate and the abutting plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a torsion spring of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of the figure numbers: 1. Reactor body; 2. Distributor; 3. Nozzle; 4. Filler; 5. Nozzle 1; 6. Nozzle 2; 7. Partition plate; 8. Conveying chamber; 9. Cavity 1; 10. Cavity 2; 11. Through groove; 12. Sealing plate; 13. Abutment plate; 14. Floating plate; 15. Support plate; 16. Sliding rod; 17. Spring; 18. Round plate; 19. Torsion spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be used for other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the directions or positions indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 5A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction, comprising: a reactor body 1 and a nozzle 3, a distributor 2 is arranged on the reactor body 1, the inlet end of the distributor 2 extends to the outside of the reactor body 1, a filler 4 is arranged on the upper side of the nozzle 3, and the filler 4 is connected to the reactor body 1. The reactor body 1 is provided with three distributors 2 from top to bottom, and the upper sides of the two distributors 2 on the lower side are both provided with fillers 4. The design of the distributor 2 and the filler 4 improves the uniformity of heat transfer and the conversion efficiency of the reaction. The multi-nozzle 3 feeds the feed to ensure the spraying and atomization effect of the feed. The filler 4 is a structured filler 4, which increases the residence time of the reactor material and improves the conversion rate of the reaction aldehyde. The structured filler 4 also enhances the distribution effect of the reaction material and avoids the phenomenon of uneven distribution of the reaction. The structured filler 4 also enhances the heat transfer effect of the reactant and avoids local high temperature. The nozzle 3 and the structured filler 4 increase the gas-liquid contact time.

[0028] The nozzle 3 is arranged on the distributor 2, and the nozzles 3 on the distributor 2 are evenly distributed. The end of the nozzle 3 is provided with a nozzle 1 5 and a nozzle 2 6, and a partition plate 7 is provided between the nozzle 1 5 and the nozzle 2 6. A conveying cavity 8 is provided in the nozzle 3, and a sealing plate 12 divides the conveying cavity 8 at the upper part of the nozzle 3 into a cavity 1 9 and a cavity 2 10. The nozzle 1 5 and the nozzle 2 6 correspond to the cavity 1 9 and the cavity 2 10 respectively. A through groove 11 is provided on the partition plate 7, and a rotatable sealing plate 12 is provided on the partition plate 7. The lower end of the sealing plate 12 is rotatably connected to the partition plate 7, and a movable abutment plate 1 is provided on one side of the sealing plate 12. 3. The sealing plate 12 and the abutting plate 13 are located in the cavity 10. The abutting plate 13 contacts the side of the sealing plate 12. The abutting plate 13 is located at the upper part of the sealing plate 12. A floating plate 14 is provided on the lower side of the sealing plate 12. The floating plate 14 is adapted to the cavity 10. The liquid enters the delivery cavity 8, then flows to the cavity 1 9, and finally sprays out from the nozzle 1 5. When the nozzle 1 5 is blocked, the floating plate 14 moves upward under the increased pressure, so that the abutting plate 13 unlocks the restriction on the sealing plate 12, so that the liquid enters the cavity 10 from the through groove 11, and then sprays out from the nozzle 2 6, thereby ensuring the normal use of the nozzle 3.

[0029] A support plate 15 is provided in the cavity 10, and a slide bar 16 passes through the support plate 15. The lower end of the slide bar 16 is fixed to the floating plate 14, and a spring 17 is sleeved on the slide bar 16. The two ends of the spring 17 are respectively connected to the support plate 15 and the floating plate 14. A circular plate 18 with a diameter larger than the slide bar 16 is provided on the top of the slide bar 16. The circular plate 18 is fixedly connected to the abutment plate 13. The distance from the partition plate 7 to the slide bar 16 is larger than the longitudinal length of the sealing plate 12, so that the sealing plate 12 can rotate downward smoothly, thereby maximally opening the through slot 11. The partition plate 7 and the rotating shaft of the sealing plate 12 are connected by a torsion spring 19. The torsion spring 19 keeps the sealing plate 12 in the rotated state, thereby keeping the through slot 11 maximally open.

[0030] When the nozzle 15 is blocked, the float plate 14 moves upward under the increased pressure, the slide rod 16 follows the movement, the spring 17 is compressed, the slide rod 16 moves upward with the circular plate 18, and the circular plate 18 moves upward with the abutment plate 13. When the abutment plate 13 is separated from the sealing plate 12, the sealing plate 12 rotates downward under the action of pressure and the torsion spring 19. At this time, the through groove 11 opens, and the liquid enters the cavity 2 10 and is then sprayed out from the nozzle 2 6, thereby ensuring the normal use of the nozzle 3.

[0031] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention may be deformed or modified in any way without departing from the principles.

Claims

1. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction, characterized in that: include: A reactor body (1) on which a distributor (2) is arranged, wherein the inlet end of the distributor (2) extends to the outside of the reactor body (1); A nozzle (3) is arranged on the distributor (2), and a nozzle port 1 (5) and a nozzle port 2 (6) are arranged at the end of the nozzle (3), a partition plate (7) is arranged between the nozzle port 1 (5) and the nozzle port 2 (6), a through groove (11) is arranged on the partition plate (7), a rotatable sealing plate (12) is arranged on the partition plate (7), and a movable abutting plate (13) is arranged on one side of the sealing plate (12).

2. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the sealing plate (12) is rotatably connected to the partition plate (7).

3. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutment plate (13) contacts the side surface of the sealing plate (12), and the abutment plate (13) is located on the upper part of the sealing plate (12).

4. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conveying cavity (8) is provided in the nozzle (3); the sealing plate (12) divides the conveying cavity (8) at the upper portion of the nozzle (3) into cavity one (9) and cavity two (10); the nozzle opening one (5) and the nozzle opening two (6) correspond to cavity one (9) and cavity two (10) respectively; the sealing plate (12) and the abutting plate (13) are located in cavity two (10).

5. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A floating plate (14) is provided on the lower side of the sealing plate (12), and the floating plate (14) is adapted to the second cavity (10).

6. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate (15) is arranged in the second cavity (10), a slide bar (16) passes through the support plate (15), the lower end of the slide bar (16) is fixed to the floating plate (14), a spring (17) is sleeved on the slide bar (16), and two ends of the spring (17) are respectively connected to the support plate (15) and the floating plate (14).

7. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A circular plate (18) having a diameter greater than that of the sliding rod (16) is provided at the top end of the sliding rod (16), and the circular plate (18) is fixedly connected to the abutting plate (13).

8. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the partition plate (7) and the slide bar (16) is greater than the longitudinal length of the sealing plate (12).

9. A reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The partition plate (7) and the rotating shaft of the sealing plate (12) are connected via a torsion spring (19).

10. The reactor for preparing aldehydes by high-efficiency HF reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filler (4) is provided on the upper side of the nozzle (3).

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