Biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with dust removal function

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with a dust removal function, which comprises a burner, a conversion chamber and a chilling dust remover, and the conversion chamber is provided with an inner cavity for raw material gas and oxygen to react; a premixing outlet communicated with the inner cavity is formed in one end of the burner, raw material gas and oxygen are mixed through the burner and then sprayed into the inner cavity through the premixing outlet for a conversion reaction, and the chilling dust remover is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber and used for cooling and washing dust-containing gas discharged from the conversion chamber; impurities such as ash melts in flue gas can be effectively removed, accumulation of the ash melts is prevented, blockage of follow-up pipelines and equipment is avoided, and efficient and stable operation of a biomass gasification production system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass chemical industry, and in particular relates to a biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with a dust removal function. Background Art

[0002] Synthesis gas (CO+H2) is an important chemical raw material. In the field of chemical industry, it is mainly used to prepare a series of important chemical products such as polyurethane (TDI, MDI, PC, PE, etc.), oil, ethylene glycol, synthetic ammonia, liquid fuel, methanol, ethers and fertilizers. Therefore, there is a large demand for synthesis gas, which also leads to industrial demand for larger capacity converters. In the process of preparing synthesis gas by converting gaseous hydrocarbons, non-catalytic partial oxidation technology (POX) is one of them, which will become increasingly important in the field of domestic synthesis gas conversion.

[0003] In recent years, with the proposal of the "dual carbon" goal, biomass has begun to receive more and more attention, and the use of biomass gasification to produce synthesis gas has gradually entered people's field of vision. However, there is an important problem in the production of synthesis gas from biomass gasification, that is, the dust content of biomass is high and the composition is complex. During the non-catalytic partial oxidation process, the outlet temperature of the biomass gasification synthesis gas reaches 1000℃ or even higher, and it carries a large amount of dust. It is very likely to generate ash melt to block the pipeline, affecting the operation and stability and economic benefits of the system. Therefore, the design of the biomass gasification synthesis gas converter needs to consider the dust removal design, but the current biomass gasification synthesis gas converter basically does not consider the dust removal design.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application No. 202311239690.1 discloses a device and method for biomass gasification coupled with non-catalytic synthesis gas production. In this patent, the non-catalytic converter does not have a special dust removal design. Therefore, ash melt is very likely to be generated during the non-catalytic partial oxidation process and accumulate at the bottom of the converter or in subsequent pipelines, affecting the stability of operation and the economic benefits of the system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems that the presence of dust in the existing biomass gasification to produce synthesis gas leads to equipment damage, reduced reaction efficiency, etc., the present invention provides a biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with a dust removal function. The burner pre-mixes the raw gas and oxygen, and then sprays them into the conversion chamber for conversion reaction. The generated dust-containing flue gas enters the quenching dust collector, where it is cooled and dust-removed, effectively removing the ash melt in the flue gas, thereby avoiding the accumulation of ash melt and the blockage of subsequent pipelines and equipment, ensuring the smooth operation of the entire biomass gasification production system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with a dust removal function comprises: a burner, a conversion chamber and a quenching dust collector, wherein the conversion chamber has an inner cavity for reacting raw gas and oxygen; one end of the burner has a premixing outlet, the premixing outlet is connected to the inner cavity, the raw gas and the oxygen are mixed through the burner and then sprayed into the inner cavity through the premixing outlet; the quenching dust collector is connected to the flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber and is used for cooling and washing the dust-containing gas discharged from the conversion chamber.

[0008] In some embodiments, the quenching dust collector includes a cooling chamber, a settling chamber, a water-cooling jacket and a quenching water pipe; the cooling chamber is provided with a purified gas outlet on the side wall near the top; the settling chamber is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber and is connected to the cooling chamber, and the settling chamber is filled with washing water for washing the dust-containing gas; the water-cooling jacket has openings at both ends, one of which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber, and the other end extends to the settling chamber and has a certain distance from the liquid level of the washing water; the quenching water pipe is used to supply quenching water to the water-cooling jacket to cool the dust-containing gas flowing through the water-cooling jacket.

[0009] In some embodiments, the water-cooling jacket includes an inner tube and an outer tube, the opening of the inner tube is connected to the flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber; the outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube to form a gap, and the gap is connected to the quenching water pipe. The quenching water can flow in the gap and cool the dust-containing gas in the inner tube.

[0010] In some embodiments, the burner includes a cooling channel, an upper raw gas cavity and a lower mixing cavity, the raw gas cavity and the mixing cavity are connected; the raw gas cavity is provided with a raw gas inlet, and the mixing cavity is provided with an oxygen inlet; the cooling channel is arranged around the outer wall of the raw gas cavity and the outer wall of the mixing cavity; a cooling water inlet is provided at one end of the cooling channel, and the cooling water inlet is located on one side of the raw gas cavity, and a cooling water outlet is provided at the other end of the cooling channel, and the cooling water outlet is located on one side of the mixing cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cavity volume of the raw gas cavity is smaller than the cavity volume of the mixing cavity.

[0012] In some embodiments, the conversion chamber is provided with a safety drain port on the side wall near the top.

[0013] In some embodiments, a manhole is provided on the side wall of the conversion chamber for easy maintenance.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the conversion chamber and the inner wall of the quenching dust collector that is not in contact with the washing water are both provided with heat insulating materials.

[0015] In some embodiments, a liquid slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber for regularly discharging dust accumulated in the sedimentation chamber.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bottom of the settling chamber is conical; and / or the washing water is clean water.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention sets a quenching dust collector at the bottom of the conversion chamber, uses quenching water to cool the dusty flue gas, controls the temperature below the ash melting point of the biomass ash, prevents the generation of ash melts to block the equipment and pipelines, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment, reducing the downtime caused by cleaning the blockage, and improving production efficiency;

[0019] 2. The dusty flue gas after cooling flows into the settling chamber to be washed by washing water, and the solid particles in the synthesis gas are captured and washed into the washing water. At the same time, the slagging is cooled and discharged regularly through the slag discharge port, ensuring the high efficiency of dust removal and maintaining the smooth operation of the system;

[0020] 3. The present invention uses a cooling medium to cool the burner, which can effectively prevent the burner from being damaged by the invasion of high-temperature gas, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the burner and extending its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the biomass gasification synthesis gas converter provided by the present invention.

[0023] The meanings of the symbols in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0024] 1—burner; 101—oxygen inlet; 102—raw gas cavity; 103—raw gas inlet; 104—mixing cavity; 105—premix outlet; 106—cooling water inlet; 107—cooling water outlet;

[0025] 2—conversion chamber; 201—safety discharge port; 202—manhole;

[0026] 3—quenching dust collector; 301—cooling chamber; 302—sedimentation chamber; 303—water cooling jacket; 304—quenching water pipe; 305—purified gas outlet; 306—liquid slag outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further explained in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and descriptions of specific embodiments. However, the following descriptions including the embodiments are only used to enable ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs to more clearly understand the principles and essence of the present invention, and do not mean any form of limitation on the present invention.

[0028] The present invention is further explained in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and descriptions of specific embodiments. However, the following descriptions including the embodiments are only used to enable ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs to more clearly understand the principles and essence of the present invention, and do not mean any form of limitation on the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with dust removal function, comprising: a burner 1, a conversion chamber 2 and a quenching dust collector 3, wherein the conversion chamber 2 has an inner cavity for reacting raw gas and oxygen.

[0030] One end of the burner 1 has a premixing outlet 105, which is connected to the inner cavity so that the raw gas and oxygen are mixed through the burner 1 and then sprayed into the inner cavity through the premixing outlet 105 for reaction. Various conversion reactions occur in the inner cavity to convert hydrocarbons and methane in the raw gas into CO, H2 and CO2.

[0031] The quenching dust collector 3 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber 2 to cool and wash the dust-containing gas discharged from the conversion chamber 2.

[0032] In some embodiments, the conversion chamber 2 is provided with a safety discharge port 201 on the side wall near the top. If the pressure in the conversion chamber 2 increases due to some reason (such as temperature out of control, abnormal reaction, etc.), the safety discharge port 201 can be opened automatically or manually to release excess pressure to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to excessive pressure.

[0033] In some embodiments, a manhole 202 is further provided on the side wall of the conversion chamber 2 for easy maintenance. The manhole 202 is preferably provided on the side wall near the bottom of the conversion chamber 2.

[0034] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned quenching dust collector 3 includes a cooling chamber 301 and a settling chamber 302. The cooling chamber 301 is provided with a purified gas outlet 305 on the side wall near the top. The settling chamber 302 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber 301 and is connected to the cooling chamber 301. The settling chamber 302 is filled with washing water to wash the dust-containing gas and remove dust such as ash melt carried in the gas.

[0035] The quenching dust collector 3 also includes a water-cooling sleeve 303 and a quenching water pipe 304. The water-cooling sleeve 303 is arranged in the cooling chamber 301. Both ends of the water-cooling sleeve 303 are opened. The opening at one end is connected to the flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber 2, and the opening at the other end extends to the sedimentation chamber 302 and has a certain distance from the liquid surface of the washing water.

[0036] The quenching water pipe 304 is used to supply quenching water to the water-cooling jacket 303 to cool the dust-laden gas flowing through the water-cooling jacket 303 .

[0037] Furthermore, this embodiment provides a specific structure of the water-cooled sleeve 303, including an inner tube and an outer tube, the opening of the inner tube is connected to the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the conversion chamber 2, the outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube, and a gap is formed, which is connected to the quenching water pipe 304. The quenching water can flow in the gap and cool the dust-containing gas in the inner tube.

[0038] Furthermore, the inner tube and the outer tube are coaxially arranged with both ends aligned.

[0039] In some embodiments, a liquid slag discharge port 306 is provided at the bottom of the settling chamber 302 for regularly discharging dust accumulated in the settling chamber 302. Preferably, the bottom of the settling chamber 302 is conical to facilitate liquid slag discharge.

[0040] When the flue gas temperature exceeds the ash melting point, the bio-ash will change from solid to viscous liquid or semi-solid. In this state, the ash is easy to adhere to the surface of the equipment or the inner wall of the pipeline. These ash melts gradually accumulate and may eventually cause the equipment or pipeline to be blocked. Therefore, the dust-containing gas flows into the water-cooling sleeve 303 from the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the conversion chamber 2. Under the action of the quenching water, the temperature of the dust-containing gas is reduced to below the ash melting point of the biomass ash, effectively preventing the generation of ash melts to block the equipment and pipelines. Then it enters the washing water, and the purified gas after the ash melts are washed away rises again into the cooling chamber 301 and is discharged from the purified gas outlet 305 on the top side wall of the cooling chamber 301, while the washed impurity solids are regularly discharged from the liquid slag outlet 306 at the bottom.

[0041] In some embodiments, the washing water is preferably clean water, or other types of washing liquids, depending on the required degree of purification and the types of impurities contained.

[0042] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned burner 1 includes a cooling channel, an upper raw gas cavity 102 and a lower mixing cavity 104, the raw gas cavity 102 and the mixing cavity 104 are connected, the raw gas cavity 102 is provided with a raw gas inlet 103, the mixing cavity 104 is provided with an oxygen inlet 101, and the premixing outlet 105 of the burner 1 is arranged at the bottom of the mixing cavity 104 and is connected to the burner 1 interface at the top of the conversion chamber 2.

[0043] The cooling channel is arranged around the outer wall of the raw gas cavity 102 and the outer wall of the mixing cavity 104. A cooling water inlet 106 is provided at one end of the cooling channel, and a cooling water outlet 107 is provided at the other end. The cooling water inlet 106 is located at the end of the raw gas cavity 102 away from the mixing cavity 104, and the cooling water outlet 107 is located at the end of the mixing cavity 104 away from the raw gas cavity 102. Cooling water is passed into the cooling channel to continuously cool the entire burner 1 to prevent overheating.

[0044] The cooling medium in the cooling channel is preferably cooling water, and may also be other cooling media such as cooling oil, refrigerant, etc., depending on cooling requirements, cost and environmental factors.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cavity volume of the raw gas cavity 102 is smaller than the cavity volume of the mixing cavity 104 .

[0046] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the conversion chamber 2 and the inner wall of the quenching dust collector 3 that is not in contact with the washing water are provided with heat insulating materials. The heat insulating materials help maintain the temperature in the conversion chamber 2, ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction, and prevent accidental damage caused by excessive temperature of the outer wall.

[0047] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification synthesis gas converter with dust removal function, characterized in that: include: Burner, conversion chamber and quench dust collector, The conversion chamber has an inner cavity for reacting the raw gas and oxygen; One end of the burner has a premixing outlet, the premixing outlet is communicated with the inner cavity, and the raw gas and the oxygen are mixed through the burner and then sprayed into the inner cavity through the premixing outlet; The quenching dust collector is communicated with the smoke outlet of the conversion chamber and is used for cooling and washing the dust-containing gas discharged from the conversion chamber.

2. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quenching dust collector comprises a cooling chamber, a settling chamber, a water cooling jacket and a quenching water pipe; The cooling chamber is provided with a purified gas outlet on a side wall near the top; The settling chamber is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber and is connected to the cooling chamber. The settling chamber contains washing water for washing the dust-containing gas. The water-cooling jacket has openings at both ends, one of which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the conversion chamber, and the other extends to the settling chamber and has a certain distance from the liquid surface of the washing water; The quenching water pipe is used to supply quenching water to the water-cooling jacket to cool the dust-laden gas flowing through the water-cooling jacket.

3. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-cooling jacket comprises an inner tube and an outer tube, The opening of the inner tube is in communication with the smoke outlet of the conversion chamber; The outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube to form a gap, and the gap is communicated with the quenching water pipe. The quenching water can flow in the gap and cool the dust-containing gas in the inner tube.

4. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner comprises a cooling channel, an upper raw gas cavity and a lower mixing cavity, and the raw gas cavity and the mixing cavity are connected; The raw gas cavity is provided with a raw gas inlet, and the mixing cavity is provided with an oxygen inlet; The cooling channel is arranged around the outer wall of the raw gas cavity and the outer wall of the mixing cavity; A cooling water inlet is provided at one end of the cooling channel, and the cooling water inlet is located at one side of the raw gas cavity. A cooling water outlet is provided at the other end of the cooling channel, and the cooling water outlet is located at one side of the mixing cavity.

5. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cavity volume of the raw gas cavity is smaller than the cavity volume of the mixing cavity.

6. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion chamber is provided with a safety discharge port on the side wall near the top.

7. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A manhole is also provided on the side wall of the conversion chamber for easy maintenance.

8. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the conversion chamber and the inner wall of the quenching dust collector which is not in contact with the washing water are both provided with heat insulating materials.

9. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: A liquid slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber for regularly discharging dust accumulated in the sedimentation chamber.

10. The biomass gasification synthesis gas converter according to claim 2 or 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the settling chamber is conical; and / or, The washing water is clean water.

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