Directional drilling hole-forming device

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional drilling hole-forming device, and relates to the technical field of drilling tools, the directional drilling hole-forming device mainly comprises a drill bit, a rock breaking head and an elastic piece, the drill bit is connected with a driving device through a connecting piece for drilling, the rock breaking head is slidably arranged in the drill bit and can extend out of the drill bit, and the elastic piece is arranged at the side part of the rock breaking head; one end of the elastic piece is fixedly connected with the side part of the rock breaking head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the drill far away from the driving device. The device can adapt to stratums with different hardness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a directional drilling hole forming device. Background Art

[0002] Horizontal directional drilling technology is an underground construction technology, and the geological conditions of the strata have a great influence on the difficulty of directional drilling construction. Due to the research and development of the precise positioning system of directional drilling and the continuous improvement of the level of directional drilling systems, and through the practice of engineering construction, the adaptability of directional drilling technology in various strata has gradually expanded. However, although directional drilling technology continues to improve and is increasingly widely used in engineering, the adaptability of the stratum is still a technical problem that restricts directional drilling construction. When directional drilling construction encounters hard rock strata, the high hardness of the strata will affect the drilling time, increase the loss of supporting equipment, and cause excessive loss of instruments. Therefore, a directional drilling hole-forming device is needed that can adapt to strata of different hardness. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a directional drilling hole forming device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to be able to adapt to strata with different hardness.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a directional drilling hole forming device, comprising

[0006] A drill bit, which can be connected to a driving device via a connecting piece for drilling;

[0007] A rock breaking head, which is slidably disposed inside the drill bit and can extend out of the drill bit;

[0008] An elastic member, wherein the elastic member is arranged on the side of the rock breaking head, one end of the elastic member is connected to the rock breaking head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the drill bit away from the driving device.

[0009] Preferably, it further comprises a force transmission shaft, which is slidably disposed in the internal channel of the drill bit and is fixedly connected to the rock breaking head.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting portion is provided on the connecting member, and an abutting portion abutting against the limiting portion is provided at one end of the force transmission shaft away from the rock breaking head.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting member is an upper joint, which is fixedly connected to the drill bit and is provided with a through hole for the force transmission shaft to pass through, and the end of the upper joint away from the drill bit is provided with a tapered male thread for connecting with a driving device, and the end of the upper joint close to the drill bit is provided with the limiting portion.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic member is a spring, which is sleeved on the force transmission shaft, has one end fixedly connected to one end of the abutment portion away from the limiting portion, and has the other end fixedly connected to the bottom of the internal channel of the drill bit.

[0013] Preferably, the rock breaking head is provided with an attack end, and the attack end is a pointed cone head.

[0014] Preferably, a head crown is provided at one end of the drill bit away from the upper joint, and a plurality of blade wings are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the head crown.

[0015] Preferably, a fluid channel is provided inside the force transmission shaft, and a first water hole and a second water hole connected to the fluid channel are respectively provided on the head crown and the rock breaking head, and a nozzle is provided at one end of the first water hole away from the fluid channel, the nozzle is used to spray drilling fluid, and the second water hole is used to allow drilling fluid to flow out.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a liquid regulating chamber, which is arranged inside the drill bit, connected to the liquid flow channel through a bypass channel and connected to the first water hole, and is used to store part of the drilling fluid.

[0017] Preferably, a cutting groove is also provided on the upper joint, and the cutting groove is used to assist the drill bit in connecting with the upper joint.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] The drill bit of the present invention is connected to a driving device through a connecting piece for drilling, a rock breaking head is slidably arranged inside the drill bit and can extend out of the drill bit, an elastic member is arranged on the side of the rock breaking head, one end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the side of the rock breaking head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the drill bit away from the driving device. The elastic member can provide a reaction force for the rock formation to resist the rock breaking head. The harder the rock formation, the more difficult it is for the rock breaking head to drill, and the greater the resistance force it receives. At the same time, the greater the reaction force that can be provided by the deformation of the elastic member. When the rock formation is softer, the reaction force provided by the elastic member is smaller, and adaptive adjustment can be achieved. The rock breaking head can be extended according to the actual situation in conjunction with the elastic member, and can contact the rock at a more appropriate angle and force. Compared with the traditional fixed structure drill bit, it is more conducive to breaking the rock, making the drilling process smoother, thereby improving the overall rock breaking efficiency, accelerating the drilling speed, reducing the construction time cost, and being able to adapt to rock formations of different hardness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a directional drilling hole forming device in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view of a directional drilling hole forming device in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at AA.

[0024] In the figure: 1-drill bit; 101-crown; 102-blade; 103-first water hole; 104-nozzle; 2-rock breaking head; 21-attack end; 22-second water hole; 3-elastic member; 4-connecting member; 5-cutting groove; 6-tapered male thread; 7-through hole; 8-force transmission shaft; 9-liquid flow channel; 10-limiting part; 11-contact part; 12-adjusting cavity; 13-liquid regulating cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a directional drilling hole forming device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to be able to adapt to strata with different hardness.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the present invention provides a directional drilling hole forming device, including a drill bit 1, a rock breaking head 2 and an elastic member 3, wherein the drill bit 1 is connected to a driving device through a connecting member 4 for drilling, the rock breaking head 2 is slidably arranged inside the drill bit 1 and can extend out of the drill bit 1, the elastic member 3 is arranged on the side of the rock breaking head 2, the first end of the elastic member 3 is connected to the rock breaking head 2, and the second end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the drill bit 1 away from the driving device. The first end is closer to the driving device than the second end. The elastic part 3 can provide a reaction force for the rock formation to resist the rock breaking head 2. The harder the rock formation is, the more difficult it is for the rock breaking head 2 to drill into it, and the greater the resistance force on the rock breaking head. The elastic part needs to provide a greater deformation to provide a reaction force in order to drill into the hard rock formation. The greater the deformation degree of the elastic part 3, the greater the reaction force that can be provided. Similarly, when the rock formation is softer, the smaller the reaction force provided by the elastic part 3, and adaptive adjustment can be achieved. The rock breaking head 2 can be extended according to the actual situation in cooperation with the elastic part 3, and can contact the rock at a more appropriate angle and force. Compared with the traditional fixed structure drill bit 1, it is more conducive to crushing rocks and makes the drilling process smoother, thereby improving the overall rock breaking efficiency, accelerating the drilling speed, reducing the construction time cost, and being able to adapt to rock formations of different hardness.

[0029] In some embodiments, the directional drilling hole-forming device further includes a force transmission shaft 8, which is slidably disposed in the internal channel of the drill bit 1, the internal channel is configured as a through hole 7, and the force transmission shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the rock breaking head 2. The force transmission shaft 8 effectively transmits the force of the external driving device to the rock breaking head 2, and the external driving device is used to provide the initial force. Since the force transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the rock breaking head 2, the force transmission can be ensured to be more direct and stable, and the dispersion or loss of force during the transmission process can be avoided, so that the rock breaking head 2 can obtain sufficient and stable power to perform rock breaking operations, which helps to improve the efficiency and effect of rock breaking and ensure the smooth progress of the directional drilling hole-forming work. Moreover, the resistance portion 11 provided on the force transmission shaft 8 can produce a resistance effect with the limiting portion 10 or the bottom of the inner wall of the drill bit 1. Through this resistance cooperation, the range of movement of the force transmission shaft 8 and the rock breaking head 2 connected thereto can be accurately limited. The maximum retracted position of the force transmission shaft 8 is limited to ensure that the rock breaking head 2 works within a reasonable range, and to prevent damage caused by excessive extension or ineffective rock breaking due to excessive retraction, thereby improving the safety and stability of the entire hole-forming tool operation. The rock breaking head is fixedly connected to the force transmission shaft. It can first break the rock under the action of the force transmission shaft and the connected driving device, applying pressure and torque, and can first destroy part of the stress of the rock. Then, under further application of pressure, the drill bit can be pushed to contact the rock and then break the rock. In this way, the rock breaking head releases greater stress on one side, and the drill bit can drill significantly on the other side. The pressure and torque can be distributed between the rock breaking head and the drill bit, which can enable more efficient drilling and also improve the service life of the overall drill bit.

[0030] In some embodiments, a limiting portion 10 is provided on the connecting member 4, and a resisting portion 11 that resists the limiting portion 10 is provided at one end of the force transmission shaft 8 away from the rock breaking head 2; the limiting portion 10 is a mortise, and the resisting portion 11 is a tenon corresponding to the mortise. After the mortise and the tenon are in contact and engaged with each other, a relatively firm mechanical connection structure is formed. Compared with some limiting methods that rely solely on friction or are relatively loose, it is less likely to loosen or detach when subjected to various complex external forces such as impact force, vibration force and torque force during drilling, thereby ensuring that the rock breaking head 2 can always work reliably within the set range of activity and maintain the integrity and reliability of the entire drill bit 1 structure. Moreover, this limiting design can accurately control the extension and retraction range of the rock breaking head 2, ensure that it moves within a reasonable stroke, and ensure the predictability and reliability of the working state of the rock breaking head 2. It can prevent it from being unable to effectively play a rock breaking role due to excessive retraction, thereby allowing the entire drilling operation to be carried out more safely and orderly.

[0031] In some embodiments, the connector 4 is an upper connector, which is fixedly connected to the drill bit 1 and is provided with a through hole 7 for the power transmission shaft 8 to pass through. The end of the upper connector away from the drill bit 1 is provided with a tapered male thread 6 for connecting with the driving device, and the end of the upper connector close to the drill bit 1 is provided with a limiting portion 10. The tapered male thread 6 provided at the end of the upper connector away from the drill bit 1 is used to connect with a drill rod driven by the driving device, etc., and can provide strong axial tension and torque transmission capabilities. After being connected to the driving device, it can be ensured that during the drilling process, the power output by the driving device can be efficiently and stably transmitted to the drill bit 1 and other related components through the upper connector, thereby ensuring the stability of the power supply of the entire hole-forming tool.

[0032] In some embodiments, the elastic member 3 is a spring, which is sleeved on the force transmission shaft 8, and one end is fixedly connected to the end of the abutment portion 11 away from the limiting portion 10, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the internal channel of the drill bit 1 closer to the drilling end of the drill bit. The expansion and contraction of the spring can dynamically adjust the stress state of the force transmission shaft 8 and the rock breaking head 2 according to the change of external force. For example, when the magnitude and direction of the force fluctuates during the drilling process, the spring balances the external force by extending or shortening accordingly and changing its own elastic force, so that the force transmission shaft 8 and the rock breaking head 2 can always work in a relatively suitable stress environment, realizing adaptive adjustment, which helps to maintain a stable rock breaking effect and improve the drilling quality.

[0033] It should be noted that the elastic member 3 can also be made of other forms of materials, such as an elastic polymer structure. The elastic polymer structure can be a highly elastic rubber, etc. At the same time, the spring structure can be a single spring, or a combination of a group of springs including multiple springs, or a combination of a spring and other elastic structural members, such as a combination of a spring structure and an elastic polymer structure. The arrangement of the multiple springs can be a circle around the force transmission shaft 8; the combination of a single spring and an elastic polymer can be a spring sleeved on the force transmission shaft 8, and the elastic polymer can be arranged around the circumference of the force transmission shaft 8; the combination of multiple springs and elastic polymers can be each spring and each elastic polymer as a group, and multiple groups are evenly arranged along the circumference of the force transmission shaft 8.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the spring is arranged in the adjusting cavity 12, and the inner wall of the spring is close to the force transmission shaft 8, and the outer wall fits the inner wall of the adjusting cavity 12, which can prevent the spring from twisting. The adjusting cavity 12 can be used to accommodate the spring, the force transmission shaft 8 and the rock breaking head 2, providing a clear movement channel to ensure the use effect.

[0035] In some embodiments, the rock breaking head 2 is provided with an attack end 21, and the attack end 21 is a pointed cone head. The structural characteristics of the pointed cone head enable it to concentrate the externally applied force on the tip of the cone head when it contacts the rock. The smaller contact area of ​​the pointed cone head can generate a great pressure, which makes it easier to cause cracks and break the rock inside, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of rock breaking, allowing the drill bit 1 to penetrate the rock layer more quickly during the drilling process and speed up the hole forming speed. At the same time, the pointed cone head has a certain automatic centering function during the drilling process. Due to the symmetry of its shape and the guiding property of the tip, when the drill bit 1 rotates and drills, the cone head is easier to maintain in the center of the borehole, making the movement trajectory of the entire rock breaking head 2 and the drill bit 1 more stable and accurate, avoiding quality problems such as eccentricity and distortion in the drilling, ensuring that the drilled hole wall is relatively regular, and improving the quality and accuracy of directional drilling.

[0036] In some embodiments, a crown 101 is provided at one end of the drill bit 1 away from the upper joint, and a plurality of blades 102 are evenly arranged around the crown 101. The plurality of blades 102 are evenly distributed around the crown 101. When the drill bit 1 is rotating and drilling, each blade 102 can simultaneously cut and crush the rock from different directions, cooperate and coordinate with each other, and can greatly increase the coverage of rock crushing compared to a drill bit 1 with only a single rock-breaking structure, so that the rock is crushed more fully and evenly, effectively improving the overall rock-breaking effect, accelerating the drilling speed, and improving the hole-forming efficiency.

[0037] In some embodiments, a fluid channel 9 is provided inside the force transmission shaft 8, and a first water hole 103 and a second water hole 22 connected to the fluid channel 9 are provided on the crown 101 and the rock breaking head 2, respectively, and a nozzle 104 is provided at one end of the first water hole 103 away from the fluid channel 9, the nozzle is connected to the external environment, the nozzle 104 is used to spray drilling fluid, and the second water hole 22 is used to allow the drilling fluid to flow out. Through the drilling fluid circulation system composed of the fluid channel 9, the first water hole 103 and the second water hole 22, the drilling fluid can flow through the key parts of the drill bit 1, take away the heat, achieve effective cooling of the various components of the drill bit 1, maintain the normal working temperature, extend the service life of the drill bit 1, and ensure the continuous and stable development of the drilling work. In addition, the drilling fluid sprayed by the nozzle 104 has a certain impact force and flow rate, which pressurizes the water flow in the water hole, making the water flow more permeable and having a better cooling effect on the drill bit 1. The drilling fluid flushes the crushed rock cuttings from the bottom of the borehole, and water flows out of the first water hole 103 all the time, flushing the flushed rock cuttings out of the borehole, keeping the borehole clean, ensuring that the drill bit 1 can smoothly perform drilling operations, and improving drilling efficiency. The water flow can directly cool down the part with the highest temperature of the rock breaker 2, and the continuously flowing water flow during the tunnel excavation process can soften the surrounding soil while preventing the rock breaker 2 from getting stuck, making the excavation process smoother.

[0038] In some embodiments, the directional drilling hole forming device also includes a liquid regulating chamber 13 disposed inside the drill bit, the liquid regulating chamber 13 is connected to the liquid flow channel 9 through the bypass channel, and is connected to the first water hole 103, the drilling fluid stored in the liquid regulating chamber 13 can be replenished in time, and the liquid regulating chamber 13 can absorb excess drilling fluid, maintain the drilling fluid flow to the nozzle 104 relatively stable, and can effectively avoid problems such as insufficient cooling of the drill bit 1 and poor discharge of rock cuttings due to unstable flow, and ensure that the drilling work is carried out smoothly and orderly. The liquid regulating chamber 13 can store part of the drilling fluid, so that the drilling fluid has a certain buffering effect when it enters the nozzle 104 through the first water hole 103, and can provide a continuous flow of water when the nozzle 104 increases the water jet pressure. It should be noted that in actual applications, the first water hole 103 can be connected to the liquid flow channel 9, and the liquid regulating chamber 13 may not be set. However, if the pressure in the nozzle 104 is too high at this time, it may cause the water flow in the second water hole 22 to decrease, and most of the drilling fluid will be absorbed and released by the nozzle 104.

[0039] In some embodiments, the directional drilling device further comprises a cutting groove 5, which is arranged at a certain position of the upper joint, and is used to assist the drill bit in connecting with the upper joint and achieve the required torque of the drill bit 1 in the drilling project. When in use, the device for providing power to the crown 101 can be conveniently connected through the cutting groove.

[0040] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional drilling device, characterized in that: include A drill bit, which can be connected to a driving device via a connecting piece for drilling; A rock breaking head, which is slidably disposed inside the drill bit and can extend out of the drill bit; An elastic member, wherein the elastic member is arranged on the side of the rock breaking head, one end of the elastic member is connected to the rock breaking head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the drill bit away from the driving device.

2. The directional drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a force transmission shaft, which is slidably arranged in the internal channel of the drill bit and is fixedly connected to the rock breaking head.

3. The directional drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting portion is arranged on the connecting member, and an abutting portion abutting against the limiting portion is arranged at one end of the force transmission shaft away from the rock breaking head.

4. The directional drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting piece is an upper joint, which is fixedly connected to the drill bit and is provided with a through hole for the force transmission shaft to pass through. The end of the upper joint away from the drill bit is provided with a tapered male thread for connecting with a driving device, and the end of the upper joint close to the drill bit is provided with the limiting portion.

5. The directional drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring, which is sleeved on the force transmission shaft, one end of which is fixedly connected to an end of the abutment portion away from the limiting portion, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the internal channel of the drill bit.

6. The directional drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock breaking head is provided with an attacking end, and the attacking end is a pointed cone head.

7. The directional drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A head crown is arranged at one end of the drill bit away from the upper joint, and a plurality of blade wings are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the head crown.

8. The directional drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fluid channel is arranged inside the force transmission shaft, and a first water hole and a second water hole connected with the fluid channel are respectively arranged on the head crown and the rock breaking head, and a nozzle is arranged at one end of the first water hole away from the fluid channel, the nozzle is used to spray drilling fluid, and the second water hole is used to allow drilling fluid to flow out.

9. The directional drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid regulating chamber, which is arranged inside the drill bit, communicates with the liquid flow channel through a bypass channel, and is connected to the first water hole, and is used to store part of the drilling fluid.

10. The directional drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper joint is also provided with a cutting groove, and the cutting groove is used to assist the drill bit in connecting with the upper joint.

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