Electric heater for heating oil extraction wellhead

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric heater for heating a petroleum extraction wellhead, which comprises a heating shell, a heating cavity is formed in the heating shell, a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe which are communicated with the heating cavity are arranged on the heating shell, a power distribution shell is arranged above the heating shell, and a mounting plate is arranged in the power distribution shell. A plurality of gravity assisted heat pipes are arranged in the heating shell and the power distribution shell, one end of each gravity assisted heat pipe is connected with an electrode slice used for power supply, the electrode slices are located in the power distribution shell, external threads are formed in the outer surface of the end, provided with the electrode slices, of each gravity assisted heat pipe, and threaded holes matched with the gravity assisted heat pipes are formed in the mounting plate. Protection bodies in one-to-one correspondence with the gravity heat pipes are arranged in the power distribution shell, each protection body comprises a bottom ring, a top ring and an elastic protection film, the two ends of each protection film are fixedly connected with the corresponding bottom ring and the corresponding top ring, and the bottom rings are detachably connected with the mounting plates and sleeve the gravity heat pipes. Direct contact between the gravity assisted heat pipe and an operator is avoided, and crude oil on the surface of the gravity assisted heat pipe is prevented from adhering to the operator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil production, and in particular to an electric heater for heating an oil production wellhead. Background Art

[0002] Crude oil exists in a solid or highly viscous state underground. Heating can significantly reduce its viscosity and enhance its fluidity. When crude oil is extracted to the surface, in order to meet the gathering and transportation requirements of oil wells far away from centralized processing stations, oil field companies set up heating furnaces or heaters at the wellheads to heat the crude oil to reduce its viscosity, overcome the problems of long distances and excessive flow resistance, thereby meeting the gathering and transportation requirements and ensuring smooth pipeline transportation.

[0003] A gravity heat pipe is installed in the electric heater. After the electric heater is used, the gravity heat pipe needs to be replaced. During the process of heating crude oil by the gravity heat pipe, crude oil will stick to the surface of the gravity heat pipe. When removing the gravity heat pipe from the electric heater, the operator is likely to get the crude oil on the surface of the gravity heat pipe, which is troublesome to operate and extremely difficult to clean. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to prevent the crude oil on the surface of the gravity heat pipe from getting on the operator during the replacement of the gravity heat pipe, the present application provides an electric heater for heating an oil wellhead.

[0005] The present application provides an electric heater for heating an oil wellhead, which adopts the following technical solution: An electric heater for heating an oil wellhead, comprising a heating shell, a heating chamber being provided in the heating shell, a feed pipe and a discharge pipe being arranged on the heating shell and communicating with the heating chamber, a power distribution shell being provided above the heating shell, a mounting plate being provided in the power distribution shell, a plurality of gravity heat pipes being provided in the heating shell and the power distribution shell, an electrode sheet for power supply being connected to one end of the gravity heat pipe, the electrode sheet being located in the power distribution shell, an external thread being provided on the outer surface of one end of the gravity heat pipe having the electrode sheet, a threaded hole matching the gravity heat pipe being provided on the mounting plate, a protective body corresponding to the plurality of gravity heat pipes being provided in the power distribution shell, the protective body comprising a bottom ring, a top ring and an elastic protective film, the two ends of the protective film being fixedly connected to the bottom ring and the top ring, the bottom ring being detachably connected to the mounting plate and being sleeved outside the gravity heat pipe.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, crude oil is introduced into the heating chamber through the feed pipe, the gravity heat pipe is energized through the electrode sheet, the gravity heat pipe is heated and the crude oil is heated, and after the heating is completed, the crude oil is discharged through the discharge pipe, and when the gravity heat pipe needs to be taken out from the electric heater, the top ring and the end of the gravity heat pipe close to the electrode pipe are moved upward synchronously, and during the upward movement of the gravity heat pipe, the elastic protective film protects the part of the gravity heat pipe that is gradually pulled out from the mounting plate, and when the gravity heat pipe is completely pulled out from the mounting plate, the bottom ring is located below the gravity heat pipe, and the protective film completely covers the surface of the gravity heat pipe to prevent the gravity heat pipe from directly contacting the operator and to prevent the crude oil on the surface of the gravity heat pipe from getting on the operator.

[0007] Optionally, a receiving groove for accommodating the protective film is provided on the adjacent side of the top ring and the bottom ring.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective film is elastic. The protective film is first placed in the receiving grooves of the top ring and the bottom ring to reduce the space occupied by the protective film outside the top ring and the bottom ring. When the top ring moves away from the bottom ring, the protective film in the receiving groove gradually unfolds.

[0009] Optionally, a connecting ring located outside the threaded hole is provided on one side of the mounting plate close to the power distribution housing, and the connecting ring is threadedly connected to the bottom ring.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom ring is installed on the mounting plate through the connecting ring, thereby improving the stability of the bottom ring on the mounting plate during the operation of the electric heater and the removal of the gravity heat pipe. When the gravity heat pipe needs to be removed, the bottom ring can be rotated, which is simple to operate.

[0011] Optionally, a connection plate is sleeved on one end of the gravity heat pipe close to the electrode plate, a connection nut is provided on one end of the connection plate close to the electrode plate, the connection nut is threadedly connected to the gravity heat pipe, and a connection groove is provided on the inner wall of the connection ring for inserting the connection plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the gravity heat pipe is threadedly connected to the mounting plate, the connecting plate is inserted into the connecting groove of the connecting ring, thereby improving the working stability of the gravity heat pipe in the electric heater.

[0013] Optionally, a limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the top ring, a limiting block and a limiting spring are arranged in the limiting groove, two ends of the limiting spring are connected to the limiting block and the inner wall of the limiting groove, and when the limiting spring is in a natural state, one end of the limiting block extends out from the limiting groove.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit block is located above the connecting plate. In the process of moving the gravity heat pipe upward, the limit block drives the top ring to move upward along with the gravity heat pipe, thereby facilitating the unfolding of the protective film.

[0015] Optionally, the outer wall of the top ring is provided with a movable groove connected to the limiting groove, a movable block is slidably connected in the movable groove, a first rack is provided on the side of the movable block close to the limiting block, a second rack is provided on the side of the limiting block close to the movable block, a connecting gear is rotatably connected in the movable groove, and the connecting gear is meshed with the first rack and the second rack.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, by pressing the moving block in the direction of the moving groove, the first rack on the moving block drives the connecting gear to rotate, and the connecting gear drives the limit block to move in the direction of the limit groove through the second rack. The limit block moves into the limit groove, which facilitates the separation of the gravity heat pipe from the protective body.

[0017] Optionally, the outer walls of the top ring and the bottom ring are both provided with connecting ropes, and the connecting ropes are provided with tightening ropes which are sleeved outside the protective film, and the tightening ropes are elastic.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the gravity heat pipe is taken out from the heating chamber, the tightening ropes connecting the top ring and the bottom ring are tightened, thereby improving the stability of the protective film on the gravity heat pipe.

[0019] Optionally, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the inner wall of the heating shell.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulation layer reduces heat loss and improves the effect of gravity heat pipe on heating crude oil.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: When the gravity heat pipe needs to be taken out from the electric heater, the top ring and the end of the gravity heat pipe close to the electrode tube are moved upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the gravity heat pipe, the elastic protective film protects the part of the gravity heat pipe gradually pulled out from the mounting plate. When the gravity heat pipe is completely pulled out from the mounting plate, the bottom ring is located below the gravity heat pipe, and the protective film completely covers the surface of the gravity heat pipe, preventing the gravity heat pipe from directly contacting the operator and preventing the crude oil on the surface of the gravity heat pipe from getting on the operator. The protective film is elastic. The protective film is first placed in the receiving grooves of the top ring and the bottom ring to reduce the space occupied by the protective film outside the top ring and the bottom ring. When the top ring moves away from the bottom ring, the protective film in the receiving groove gradually unfolds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electric heater used for heating an oil wellhead.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for showing the internal structure of the heating shell in the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram used to show that the feed pipe and the heating chamber are connected in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram used to show that the discharge pipe and the heating chamber are connected in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram for showing the structure of a protective film sleeve on a gravity heat pipe in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram for showing the connection relationship between the connecting ring and the limit block in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. heating shell; 11. heating chamber; 12. feed pipe; 13. discharge pipe; 14. insulation layer; 2. power distribution shell; 21. top cover; 3. mounting plate; 31. connecting ring; 4. gravity heat pipe; 41. electrode sheet; 42. connecting plate; 43. connecting nut; 5. protective body; 51. bottom ring; 52. top ring; 521. limiting groove; 522. limiting block; 5221. second rack; 523. limiting spring; 524. moving groove; 525. moving block; 5251. first rack; 526. connecting gear; 53. protective film; 54. accommodating groove; 55. connecting rope; 56. tightening rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with all the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses an electric heater for heating an oil production wellhead.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 An electric heater for heating an oil wellhead comprises a heating shell 1, a heating chamber 11 is provided in the heating shell 1, a feed pipe 12 and a discharge pipe 13 connected to the heating chamber 11 are installed on the heating shell 1, a power distribution shell 2 is installed above the heating shell 1, a mounting plate 3 is installed in the power distribution shell 2, a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4 are installed in the heating shell 1 and the power distribution shell 2, one end of the gravity heat pipe 4 is connected to an electrode sheet 41 for power supply, the electrode sheet 41 is located in the power distribution shell 2, crude oil is transported to the heating chamber 11 through the feed pipe 12, power is supplied to the gravity heat pipe 4 through the electrode sheet 41, and the gravity heat pipe 4 heats up to heat the crude oil in the heating chamber 11.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The position where the discharge pipe 13 is connected to the heating chamber 11 is higher than the position where the feed pipe 12 is connected to the heating chamber 11. The liquid level of the crude oil in the heating chamber 11 gradually rises. The crude oil with a high liquid level in the heating chamber 11 takes a longer heating time than the crude oil with a low liquid level. The crude oil with a high liquid level is first transported out of the electric heater from the discharge pipe 13.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 The inner wall of the heating shell 1 is provided with a heat-insulating layer 14. The heat-insulating layer 14 reduces heat loss and improves the effect of the gravity heat pipe 4 on heating crude oil.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 A top cover 21 is hinged on the top of the power distribution housing 2. The power distribution housing 2 can be opened from the top through the top cover 21, so that the gravity heat pipe 4 can be moved up and down conveniently, and the gravity heat pipe 4 can be assembled and taken out conveniently.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The outer surface of one end of the gravity heat pipe 4 with an electrode sheet 41 is provided with an external thread, and a threaded hole matching the gravity heat pipe 4 is provided on the mounting plate 3. A protective body 5 corresponding to a plurality of gravity heat pipes 4 is arranged in the power distribution shell 2. The protective body 5 includes a bottom ring 51, a top ring 52 and an elastic protective film 53. Both ends of the protective film 53 are fixedly connected to the bottom ring 51 and the top ring 52. The bottom ring 51 is detachably connected to the mounting plate 3 and is sleeved outside the gravity heat pipe 4. When the gravity heat pipe 4 needs to be taken out from the electric heater, the top ring 52 and the end of the gravity heat pipe 4 close to the electrode tube are moved upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the gravity heat pipe 4, the elastic protective film 53 protects the part of the gravity heat pipe 4 gradually pulled out from the mounting plate 3. When the gravity heat pipe 4 is completely pulled out from the mounting plate 3, the bottom ring 51 is located below the gravity heat pipe 4, and the protective film 53 completely covers the surface of the gravity heat pipe 4 to prevent the gravity heat pipe 4 from directly contacting the operator and to prevent the crude oil on the surface of the gravity heat pipe 4 from getting on the operator.

[0037] Reference Figure 5 , the top ring 52 and the bottom ring 51 are both provided with a receiving groove 54 for receiving the protective film 53. The protective film 53 is elastic, and the protective film 53 is first placed in the receiving groove 54 of the top ring 52 and the bottom ring 51 to reduce the space occupied by the protective film 53 outside the top ring 52 and the bottom ring 51. When the top ring 52 moves away from the bottom ring 51, the protective film 53 in the receiving groove 54 gradually expands.

[0038] Reference Figure 5A connecting ring 31 located outside the threaded hole is provided on the side of the mounting plate 3 close to the power distribution housing 2, and the connecting ring 31 is threadedly connected to the bottom ring 51. The bottom ring 51 is mounted on the mounting plate 3 through the connecting ring 31, which improves the stability of the bottom ring 51 on the mounting plate 3 during the operation of the electric heater and the removal of the gravity heat pipe 4. When the gravity heat pipe 4 needs to be removed, the bottom ring 51 can be rotated, which is simple to operate.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 The end of the gravity heat pipe 4 close to the electrode sheet 41 is sleeved with a connection plate 42, and the end of the connection plate 42 close to the electrode sheet 41 is installed with a connection nut 43, and the connection nut 43 is threadedly connected to the gravity heat pipe 4, and the inner wall of the connection ring 31 is provided with a connection groove for inserting the connection plate 42. After the gravity heat pipe 4 is threadedly connected to the mounting plate 3, the connection plate 42 is inserted into the connection groove of the connection ring 31, so as to improve the working stability of the gravity heat pipe 4 in the electric heater.

[0040] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The outer walls of the top ring 52 and the bottom ring 51 are both provided with connecting ropes 55, and the connecting ropes 55 are provided with tightening ropes 56 which are sleeved outside the protective film 53, and the tightening ropes 56 are elastic. When the gravity heat pipe 4 is taken out of the heating chamber 11, the tightening ropes 56 connected on the top ring 52 and the bottom ring 51 are tightened, thereby improving the stability of the protective film 53 sleeved on the gravity heat pipe 4.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 The inner wall of the top ring 52 is provided with a limiting groove 521, and a limiting block 522 and a limiting spring 523 are arranged in the limiting groove 521. The two ends of the limiting spring 523 are connected to the limiting block 522 and the inner wall of the limiting groove 521. When the limiting spring 523 is in a natural state, one end of the limiting block 522 extends out of the limiting groove 521. The limiting block 522 is located above the connecting plate 42. In the process of moving the gravity heat pipe 4 upward, the limiting block 522 abuts against the end surface of the connecting plate 42, and the top ring 52 is driven by the limiting block 522 to move upward along with the gravity heat pipe 4, so as to facilitate the unfolding of the protective film 53.

[0042] Reference Figure 5The outer wall of the top ring 52 is provided with a moving groove 524 connected to the limiting groove 521, a moving block 525 is slidably connected in the moving groove 524, a first rack 5251 is provided on the side of the moving block 525 close to the limiting block 522, a second rack 5221 is provided on the side of the limiting block 522 close to the moving block 525, a connecting gear 526 is rotatably connected in the moving groove 524, and the connecting gear 526 is meshed with the first rack 5251 and the second rack 5221. By pressing the moving block 525 in the direction of the moving groove 524, the first rack 5251 on the moving block 525 drives the connecting gear 526 to rotate, and the connecting gear 526 drives the limiting block 522 to move in the direction of the limiting groove 521 through the second rack 5221, and the limiting block 522 moves into the limiting groove 521, so that the gravity heat pipe 4 and the protective body 5 are separated conveniently.

[0043] The implementation principle of an electric heater for heating an oil wellhead in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: crude oil is introduced into a heating chamber 11 through a feed pipe 12, and a gravity heat pipe 4 is energized through an electrode sheet 41, so that the gravity heat pipe 4 is heated and heated to heat the crude oil. After the heating is completed, the crude oil is discharged through a discharge pipe 13. When it is necessary to take the gravity heat pipe 4 out of the electric heater, the top ring 52 and the end of the gravity heat pipe 4 close to the electrode pipe are moved upward synchronously. During the upward movement of the gravity heat pipe 4, an elastic protective film 53 protects the part of the gravity heat pipe 4 that is gradually pulled out from the mounting plate 3. When the gravity heat pipe 4 is completely pulled out from the mounting plate 3, the bottom ring 51 is located below the gravity heat pipe 4, and the protective film 53 completely covers the surface of the gravity heat pipe 4 to prevent the gravity heat pipe 4 from directly contacting the operator and to prevent the crude oil on the surface of the gravity heat pipe 4 from getting on the operator.

[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric heater for heating an oil wellhead, comprising a heating shell (1), a heating chamber (11) is provided in the heating shell (1), a feed pipe (12) and a discharge pipe (13) communicating with the heating chamber (11) are provided on the heating shell (1), characterized in that: A power distribution shell (2) is arranged above the heating shell (1), a mounting plate (3) is arranged inside the power distribution shell (2), a plurality of gravity heat pipes (4) are mounted on the mounting plate (3), the gravity heat pipes (4) pass through the mounting plate (3) and extend into the heating chamber (11), one end of the gravity heat pipe (4) is connected to an electrode sheet (41) for power supply, the electrode sheet (41) is located inside the power distribution shell (2), and the outer surface of one end of the gravity heat pipe (4) has an electrode sheet (41) The mounting plate (3) is provided with a threaded hole matched with the gravity heat pipe (4); a protective body (5) corresponding to a plurality of gravity heat pipes (4) is arranged in the power distribution housing (2); the protective body (5) comprises a bottom ring (51), a top ring (52) and an elastic protective film (53); the two ends of the protective film (53) are fixedly connected to the bottom ring (51) and the top ring (52); the bottom ring (51) is detachably connected to the mounting plate (3) and is sleeved outside the gravity heat pipe (4).

2. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top ring (52) and the bottom ring (51) are both provided with a receiving groove (54) for receiving the protective film (53) on one side thereof.

3. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting ring (31) located outside the threaded hole is provided on one side of the mounting plate (3) close to the power distribution housing (2), and the connecting ring (31) is threadedly connected to the bottom ring (51).

4. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the gravity heat pipe (4) close to the electrode sheet (41) is sleeved with a connection disk (42), the end of the connection disk (42) close to the electrode sheet (41) is provided with a connection nut (43), the connection nut (43) is threadedly connected to the gravity heat pipe (4), and the inner wall of the connection ring (31) is provided with a connection groove for inserting the connection disk (42).

5. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (521) is provided on the inner wall of the top ring (52), a limiting block (522) and a limiting spring (523) are arranged in the limiting groove (521), two ends of the limiting spring (523) are connected to the limiting block (522) and the inner wall of the limiting groove (521), and when the limiting spring (523) is in a natural state, one end of the limiting block (522) extends out from the limiting groove (521).

6. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the top ring (52) is provided with a moving groove (524) connected to the limiting groove (521); a moving block (525) is slidably connected in the moving groove (524); a first rack (5251) is arranged on the side of the moving block (525) close to the limiting block (522); a second rack (5221) is arranged on the side of the limiting block (522) close to the moving block (525); a connecting gear (526) is rotatably connected in the moving groove (524); and the connecting gear (526) is meshed with the first rack (5251) and the second rack (5221).

7. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the top ring (52) and the bottom ring (51) are both provided with a connecting rope (55), and a tightening rope (56) which is sleeved outside the protective film (53) is provided on the connecting rope (55), and the tightening rope (56) is elastic.

8. The electric heater for heating a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the heating shell (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (14).

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