Material supply unit and hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a material supply unit and a hydrogen fuel cell. The material supply unit comprises an end plate, a gas-water separator, a throttle valve, an overpressure discharge valve, a pulse discharge valve and a one-way valve, the end plate is provided with an air flow channel, a hydrogen flow channel, a cooling water flow channel and a plurality of groups of galvanic pile interfaces, and each group of galvanic pile interfaces is communicated with the air flow channel, the hydrogen flow channel and the cooling water flow channel; the gas-water separator is communicated with the hydrogen flow channel; the throttle valve is communicated with the air flow passage; the overpressure discharge valve and the pulse discharge valve are both communicated with the hydrogen flow channel; and the one-way valve is communicated with the air flow channel. According to the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the end plate with a multifunctional integrated design, the distribution of multiple materials in electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell is integrated on one end plate, so that the material supply and waste gas discharge are facilitated, the miniaturization of the system can be realized, and meanwhile, the hydrogen leakage risk is reduced. The end plate is simple in structure, low in technical difficulty, convenient to install and transport, low in manufacturing and maintenance cost and suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a material supply unit and a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are power generation devices that convert chemical energy in fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. They have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, low vibration and noise, and zero emissions. Therefore, hydrogen fuel cells are regarded as the ideal clean and efficient power device in the 21st century. They are an important way to solve the two major problems of resource scarcity and pollution deterioration. They have broad development and application prospects in the fields of new energy vehicles and green ships.

[0003] One of the key factors for the stable operation of fuel cells is the management and distribution of electrochemical reaction materials. How to efficiently transport the hydrogen and air required for the reaction, realize the recycling of hydrogen tail gas, and reduce hydrogen leakage has always been a goal pursued by people. The invention patent "Pipe unit for fuel cell and fuel cell unit and fuel cell system with the piping unit" (application announcement number 201080067985.X) applied by Toyota Motor Corporation in China discloses a piping unit for fuel cells, which is used to supply cathode and anode gas supply passages to the fuel cell and discharge cathode and anode exhaust gas from the fuel cell. The above-mentioned piping unit can supply cathode and anode gas to a single fuel cell stack and discharge cathode and anode exhaust gas, but it cannot meet the needs of a fuel cell module composed of multiple fuel cell stacks, and there is no input and output passage for cooling water, and there is a lack of monitoring of these material parameters.

[0004] In summary, existing fuel cells have technical problems such as narrow application range, lack of cooling measures and lack of material parameter monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a material supply unit and a hydrogen fuel cell to solve the technical problems of the prior art such as narrow application scope, lack of cooling measures and lack of material parameter monitoring.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a material supply unit, including an end plate, a gas-water separator, a throttle, an overpressure discharge valve, a pulse discharge valve, and a one-way valve: The end plate has an air flow channel, a hydrogen flow channel, a cooling water flow channel and a plurality of groups of stack interfaces, each group of the stack interfaces being in communication with the air flow channel, the hydrogen flow channel and the cooling water flow channel; a gas-water separator, connected to the hydrogen flow passage; a throttle valve, connected to the air flow passage; an overpressure discharge valve and a pulse discharge valve, both of which are in communication with the hydrogen flow passage; and A one-way valve is communicated with the air flow channel.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, each group of the stack interfaces includes a stack air inlet, a stack air outlet, a stack hydrogen inlet, a stack hydrogen outlet, a stack cooling water inlet, and a stack cooling water outlet.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the air flow channel includes a main air inlet and a tail exhaust port, the main air inlet is respectively connected to the multiple fuel cell stack air inlets, and the multiple fuel cell stack air outlets are all connected to the tail exhaust port, the throttle is installed at the main air inlet, and the one-way valve is installed at the tail exhaust port.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, an air temperature and pressure sensor is further included, and the air temperature and pressure sensor is installed between the main air inlet and the fuel cell stack air inlet.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen flow passage includes a main hydrogen inlet and a main hydrogen outlet, the main hydrogen inlet is respectively connected to the multiple fuel cell stack hydrogen inlets, and the multiple fuel cell stack hydrogen outlets are all connected to the main hydrogen outlet, the gas-water separator is installed between the fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet and the main hydrogen outlet, and the overpressure discharge valve and the pulse discharge valve are installed between the gas-water separator and the tail discharge port.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, a hydrogen pressure sensor and a tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor are also included. The hydrogen pressure sensor is installed between the main hydrogen inlet and the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet, and the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor is installed between the fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet and the tail exhaust outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the cooling water flow channel includes a main cooling water inlet and a main cooling water outlet, the main cooling water inlet is respectively connected to the multiple stack cooling water inlets, and the multiple stack cooling water outlets are all connected to the main cooling water outlet.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, a cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor and a cooling water outlet temperature sensor are also included. The cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor is installed between the main cooling water inlet and the stack cooling water inlet, and the cooling water outlet temperature sensor is installed between the stack cooling water outlet and the main cooling water outlet.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the end plate includes plastic or cast aluminum.

[0015] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a plurality of battery stacks and a material supply unit as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the plurality of battery stacks are stacked and each of the battery stacks is connected to a group of battery stack interfaces in the material supply unit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The embodiment of the present application adopts a multifunctional integrated design end plate to integrate the distribution of multiple materials of the fuel cell electrochemical reaction, including air flow channel, hydrogen flow channel, and cooling water flow channel, on one end plate, which is convenient for the supply of materials and the discharge of exhaust gas, and can realize the miniaturization of the system while reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage. The end plate has a simple structure, low technical difficulty, convenient installation and transportation, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and is suitable for large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments: Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a material supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a material supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Reference numerals: End plate 1, gas-water separator 2, throttle 3, overpressure discharge valve 4, pulse discharge valve 5, one-way valve 6, fuel cell stack air inlet 7, fuel cell stack air outlet 8, fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet 9, fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet 10, fuel cell stack cooling water inlet 11, fuel cell stack cooling water outlet 12, main air inlet 13, tail exhaust port 14, air temperature and pressure sensor 15, main hydrogen inlet 16, main hydrogen outlet 17, hydrogen pressure sensor 18, tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor 19, main cooling water inlet 20, main cooling water outlet 21, cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor 22, cooling water outlet temperature sensor 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0020] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in this specification, the wording "including" is an open-ended expression, which means that the described features exist but does not exclude other features. The directional words "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are exemplary directions based on the drawings. Features defined as "first" and "second" implicitly include one or more of the features. Singular expressions can also be used in the plural. "Multiple" means two or more. The terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integrated connections; they can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or they can be internal connections between two elements. In addition, "connected" can include wireless connections.

[0021] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a material supply unit and a hydrogen fuel cell to solve the technical problems of the prior art such as narrow application scope, lack of cooling measures and lack of material parameter monitoring.

[0022] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a material supply unit, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a material supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a material supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] A material supply unit comprises an end plate 1, a gas-water separator 2, a throttle 3, an overpressure discharge valve 4, a pulse discharge valve 5 and a one-way valve 6: The end plate 1 has an air flow channel, a hydrogen flow channel, a cooling water flow channel and a plurality of groups of stack interfaces, and each group of stack interfaces is connected to the air flow channel, the hydrogen flow channel and the cooling water flow channel; A gas-water separator 2, connected to the hydrogen flow passage; a throttle valve 3, connected to the air flow passage; An overpressure discharge valve 4 and a pulse discharge valve 5 are both connected to the hydrogen flow passage; and The one-way valve 6 is communicated with the air flow passage.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application adopts a multifunctional integrated design end plate 1 to integrate the distribution of multiple materials of the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, including air flow channel, hydrogen flow channel, and cooling water flow channel, on one end plate 1, which is convenient for the supply of materials and the discharge of exhaust gas, and can realize the miniaturization of the system while reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage. The end plate 1 has a simple structure, low technical difficulty, convenient installation and transportation, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, each group of the stack interfaces includes a stack air inlet 7 , a stack air outlet 8 , a stack hydrogen inlet 9 , a stack hydrogen outlet 10 , a stack cooling water inlet 11 , and a stack cooling water outlet 12 .

[0026] The above-mentioned interfaces for docking with the fuel cell stack have two rows, upper and lower, which can provide reactant gas and coolant for the operation of the two fuel cells. The upper and lower rows of interfaces can provide reactant gas (usually hydrogen and air) and coolant for two independent fuel cells respectively. This design allows the system to control the operation of two fuel cells simultaneously or independently. Through the upper and lower rows of interfaces, the number and configuration of fuel cells can be adjusted according to the needs of actual applications, providing greater design flexibility.

[0027] The air enters the air flow channel through the throttle valve 3, and the throttle valve 3 can adjust the air flow according to the needs of the fuel cell stack. The air flows through the fuel cell stack air inlet 7 on the end plate 1 and enters the fuel cell stack to participate in the electrochemical reaction.

[0028] The hydrogen enters the hydrogen flow channel through the gas-water separator 2 to ensure that the hydrogen supplied to the stack is dry. The hydrogen flows through the stack hydrogen inlet 9 on the end plate 1 and enters the fuel cell stack.

[0029] The cooling water circulates through the cooling water flow channel on the end plate 1, flows into the fuel cell stack through the fuel cell stack cooling water inlet 11, absorbs the heat generated by the fuel cell stack, and then flows out from the fuel cell stack cooling water outlet 12 to continue circulating or be discharged.

[0030] The overpressure discharge valve 4 and the pulse discharge valve 5 are used to control the pressure in the hydrogen flow passage to prevent excessive pressure and ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0031] The one-way valve 6 is used to ensure the correct airflow direction in the air flow channel and prevent backflow.

[0032] The multifunctional integrated end plate 1 integrates the distribution of air, hydrogen and cooling water, simplifies the system structure, and is easy to install and maintain. The integrated design helps to miniaturize the system and is suitable for a variety of application scenarios, especially applications with limited space. The integrated design reduces connection points and potential leakage points, thereby reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage. Through the precise control of the throttle 3 and the pressure control valve, the working conditions of the battery stack can be optimized and the efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell can be improved. The end plate 1 has a simple structure, low technical difficulty, easy installation and transportation, and relatively low manufacturing and maintenance costs, which is conducive to large-scale production and reducing user usage costs.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the air flow channel includes a main air inlet 13 and a tail exhaust port 14, the main air inlet 13 is respectively connected to the multiple stack air inlets 7, and the multiple stack air outlets 8 are all connected to the tail exhaust port 14, the throttle 3 is installed at the main air inlet 13, and the one-way valve 6 is installed at the tail exhaust port 14.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, an air temperature and pressure sensor 15 is also included, and the air temperature and pressure sensor 15 is installed between the main air inlet 13 and the stack air inlet 7 .

[0035] The end plate 1 is provided with an air flow channel, and air enters from the main air inlet 13, and the air flow channel is divided into two, and enters the fuel cell stack through the fuel cell stack air inlet 7. The air exhaust gas after the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell stack returns to the end plate 1 through the fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet 10, passes through the one-way valve 6 integrated on the end plate 1, and is discharged from the tail exhaust port 14. The hydrogen exhaust gas emission and the liquid water separated by the gas-water separator 2 are combined into the tail exhaust port 14.

[0036] The air flow channel on the end plate 1 is equipped with a throttle 3 at the air inlet 7 of the stack, and a one-way valve 6 at the tail outlet 14. The throttle 3 and the one-way valve 6 can realize the blocking of the cathode gas during the start-stop purge process of the stack to prevent the hydrogen-air interface from affecting the life of the stack. At the same time, the one-way valve 6 can also increase the air reserve and improve the power generation efficiency of the stack. An air temperature and pressure sensor 15 is installed at the air inlet 7 of the stack in the end plate 1 to monitor the air pressure and temperature entering the stack, and a tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor 19 (H2S) is installed at the tail outlet 14 to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the fuel cell tail exhaust.

[0037] Air enters the system through the main air inlet 13, which is the first stop for air to enter the stack. From the main air inlet 13, the air is distributed to the air inlets 7 of each stack, and then flows through the stack, where chemical reactions occur inside the stack to generate electricity, and then the exhaust gas is discharged from the stack air outlet 8. The air outlets of all stacks are connected to the tail exhaust port 14, from which the exhaust gas is discharged from the system.

[0038] The throttle valve 3 is located at the main air inlet 13, and the air flow into the system is controlled by adjusting its opening. This can be adjusted according to the load requirements of the fuel cell stack to ensure that the fuel cell stack obtains the right amount of oxygen for reaction.

[0039] The one-way valve 6 is installed at the tail exhaust port 14 to ensure that air can only flow from the fuel cell stack to the tail exhaust port 14, and to prevent the air in the system from flowing back to the fuel cell stack, which may destroy the normal working state of the fuel cell stack.

[0040] The air temperature and pressure sensor 15 is located between the main air inlet 13 and the stack air inlet 7, and is used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the air in real time. These data are transmitted to the control unit for adjusting the throttle 3 and optimizing the working conditions of the stack.

[0041] Through the precise control of the throttle 3, the air flow can be optimized, and the efficiency and reaction rate of the battery stack can be improved. The installation of the one-way valve 6 ensures the unidirectionality of the air flow, prevents the backflow phenomenon, and ensures the normal operation of the battery stack. The use of the air temperature and pressure sensor 15 enables the system to monitor and adjust the temperature and pressure of the air in real time to keep the battery stack in the best working state. Extend the life of the battery stack: By precisely controlling the flow and temperature of the air, the wear of the battery stack is reduced, which helps to extend the service life of the battery stack.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen flow passage includes a main hydrogen inlet 16 and a main hydrogen outlet 17, the main hydrogen inlet 16 is respectively connected to the plurality of fuel cell stack hydrogen inlets 9, and the plurality of fuel cell stack hydrogen outlets 10 are all connected to the main hydrogen outlet 17, the gas-water separator 2 is installed between the fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet 10 and the main hydrogen outlet 17, and the overpressure discharge valve 4 and the pulse discharge valve 5 are installed between the gas-water separator 2 and the tail discharge port 14.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, a hydrogen pressure sensor 18 and a tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor 19 are also included. The hydrogen pressure sensor 18 is installed between the main hydrogen inlet 16 and the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet 9 , and the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor 19 is installed between the fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet 10 and the tail exhaust outlet 14 .

[0044] The end plate 1 is provided with a hydrogen flow channel, and hydrogen enters from the main hydrogen inlet 16, is divided into two by the hydrogen flow channel, and enters the upper and lower fuel cells through the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 9. The hydrogen tail gas after the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell returns to the end plate 1 through the fuel cell hydrogen outlet 10, passes through the gas-water separator 2 integrated on the end plate 1, and is discharged from the main hydrogen outlet 17, and can re-enter the fuel cell after being pressurized by the hydrogen circulation pump to participate in the electrochemical reaction.

[0045] The hydrogen flow channel on the end plate 1 is equipped with a hydrogen pressure sensor 18 at the hydrogen inlet 9 of the fuel cell stack, which is used to monitor the pressure of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen tail gas after the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell stack is separated by the gas-water separator 2 integrated on the end plate 1, and the separated liquid water and part of the hydrogen tail gas are discharged into the tail discharge port 14 through the pulse discharge valve 5. At the same time, the hydrogen flow channel is equipped with an overpressure discharge valve 4, and the overpressure discharged hydrogen gas is also discharged into the tail discharge port 14.

[0046] Hydrogen enters the system from the main hydrogen inlet 16 and is supplied to the hydrogen inlet of each stack through multiple connecting channels. Hydrogen reacts electrochemically with oxygen inside the stack to generate electricity, heat and water. The tail gas generated by the stack (including unreacted hydrogen and generated water vapor) is discharged from the stack hydrogen outlet 10 and first passes through the gas-water separator 2 to separate the water in the gas.

[0047] The exhaust gas after water separation is controlled by the overpressure discharge valve 4 and the pulse discharge valve 5. The overpressure discharge valve 4 opens when the system pressure is too high to release the excess pressure; the pulse discharge valve 5 is used to discharge hydrogen regularly to prevent hydrogen from accumulating in the system.

[0048] The hydrogen pressure sensor 18 is installed between the main hydrogen inlet 16 and the fuel cell hydrogen inlet 9 to monitor the hydrogen pressure and ensure a stable hydrogen supply. The tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor 19 is installed between the fuel cell hydrogen outlet 10 and the tail exhaust port 14 to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas and prevent hydrogen leakage.

[0049] The combination of the gas-water separator 2, the overpressure discharge valve 4 and the pulse discharge valve 5 effectively prevents hydrogen leakage and system overpressure, thereby improving the safety of the system. By optimizing the design of the hydrogen flow channel, the utilization rate of hydrogen is improved and the waste of hydrogen is reduced. Real-time monitoring of the hydrogen pressure sensor 18 and the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor 19 helps to maintain the stable operation of the system.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the cooling water flow channel includes a main cooling water inlet 20 and a main cooling water outlet 21, the main cooling water inlet 20 is respectively connected to the multiple stack cooling water inlets 11, and the multiple stack cooling water outlets 12 are all connected to the main cooling water outlet 21.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, a cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor 22 and a cooling water outlet temperature sensor 23 are also included. The cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor 22 is installed between the main cooling water inlet 20 and the stack cooling water inlet 11, and the cooling water outlet temperature sensor 23 is installed between the stack cooling water outlet 12 and the main cooling water outlet 21.

[0052] The end plate 1 is provided with a cooling water flow channel, and the cooling water enters from the main cooling water inlet 20, is divided into two through the cooling water flow channel, enters the fuel cell through the fuel cell cooling water inlet 11, exchanges heat with the fuel cell, returns to the end plate 1 through the fuel cell cooling water outlet 12, and is discharged from the main cooling water outlet 21.

[0053] The cooling water flow channel on the end plate 1 is equipped with a cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor 22 at the cooling water inlet 11 of the fuel cell stack for monitoring the cooling temperature and pressure entering the fuel cell stack, and a cooling water outlet temperature sensor 23 is installed at the cooling water outlet 12 of the fuel cell stack for monitoring the temperature of the cooling water flowing out of the fuel cell stack outlet.

[0054] Cooling water enters the system from the main cooling water inlet 20 and is supplied to the cooling water inlets of each stack through multiple connecting channels. The cooling water circulates inside the stack, absorbing a large amount of heat generated by the stack during the electrochemical reaction to maintain the operating temperature of the stack. The cooling water that has absorbed the heat is discharged from the stack cooling water outlet 12 and flows back to the main cooling water outlet 21.

[0055] The cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor 22 is installed between the main cooling water inlet 20 and the stack cooling water inlet 11 to monitor the temperature and pressure of the cooling water. The cooling water outlet temperature sensor 23 is installed between the stack cooling water outlet 12 and the main cooling water outlet 21 to monitor the temperature of the cooling water when it is discharged.

[0056] Through effective cooling water flow channel design, the heat generated by the stack can be managed more efficiently to prevent the stack from overheating. Real-time monitoring of the cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor 22 and the outlet temperature sensor helps maintain the stable operation of the cooling system and ensure that the stack works at the optimal temperature.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the end plate 1 includes plastic or cast aluminum.

[0058] The material of the end plate 1 is engineering plastic or cast aluminum, and the end plate 1 can be made by injection molding or other mechanical processing.

[0059] The low density of engineering plastics can reduce the weight of the entire material supply unit, making it easier to install and transport. Engineering plastics have good chemical resistance and are suitable for use in media such as hydrogen and cooling water. Engineering plastics can be quickly and cost-effectively produced into complex end plates through molding processes such as injection molding1.

[0060] Cast aluminum has high strength and rigidity and can withstand certain mechanical loads and pressures. Cast aluminum has good thermal conductivity, which helps the end plate 1 in thermal management. Cast aluminum can be made into the desired shape and size by casting and other mechanical processing methods.

[0061] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a plurality of battery stacks and a material supply unit as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the plurality of battery stacks are stacked and each of the battery stacks is connected to a group of battery stack interfaces in the material supply unit.

[0062] The material supply unit for hydrogen fuel cells in the present application can realize the centralized supply and discharge of air, hydrogen and cooling water required for the electrochemical reactions of multiple fuel cell stacks, and monitor and control the electrochemical reaction conditions. The material supply and discharge unit can also realize the functions of overpressure discharge of hydrogen, gas-water separation and pulse discharge of hydrogen exhaust gas, locking of cathode gas and increasing back pressure, etc., and has the advantages of simple structure, low technical difficulty, convenient installation and transportation, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and suitable for large-scale production.

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The embodiment of the present application adopts a multifunctional integrated design end plate 1 to integrate the distribution of multiple materials of the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, including air flow channel, hydrogen flow channel, and cooling water flow channel, on one end plate 1, which is convenient for the supply of materials and the discharge of exhaust gas, and can realize the miniaturization of the system while reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage. The end plate 1 has a simple structure, low technical difficulty, convenient installation and transportation, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps, measures, and schemes in the processes discussed in this application may be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

[0065] The specific implementation methods of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A material supply unit, characterized in that: include: An end plate, wherein the end plate has an air flow channel, a hydrogen flow channel, a cooling water flow channel and a plurality of groups of stack interfaces, and each group of stack interfaces is connected to the air flow channel, the hydrogen flow channel and the cooling water flow channel; a gas-water separator, connected to the hydrogen flow passage; a throttle valve, connected to the air flow passage; an overpressure discharge valve and a pulse discharge valve, both of which are in communication with the hydrogen flow passage; and A one-way valve is communicated with the air flow channel.

2. A material supply unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of the stack interfaces includes a stack air inlet, a stack air outlet, a stack hydrogen inlet, a stack hydrogen outlet, a stack cooling water inlet, and a stack cooling water outlet.

3. A material supply unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air flow channel includes a main air inlet and a tail exhaust port. The main air inlet is connected to the multiple stack air inlets respectively, and the multiple stack air outlets are connected to the tail exhaust port. The throttle is installed at the main air inlet, and the one-way valve is installed at the tail exhaust port.

4. A material supply unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an air temperature and pressure sensor, which is installed between the main air inlet and the fuel cell stack air inlet.

5. A material supply unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen flow passage includes a main hydrogen inlet and a main hydrogen outlet, the main hydrogen inlet is respectively connected to the multiple fuel cell hydrogen inlets, and the multiple fuel cell hydrogen outlets are all connected to the main hydrogen outlet, the gas-water separator is installed between the fuel cell hydrogen outlet and the main hydrogen outlet, and the overpressure discharge valve and the pulse discharge valve are installed between the gas-water separator and the tail discharge port.

6. A material supply unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a hydrogen pressure sensor and a tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor. The hydrogen pressure sensor is installed between the main hydrogen inlet and the fuel cell stack hydrogen inlet, and the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor is installed between the fuel cell stack hydrogen outlet and the tail exhaust outlet.

7. A material supply unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling water flow channel includes a main cooling water inlet and a main cooling water outlet. The main cooling water inlet is respectively connected to the plurality of stack cooling water inlets, and the plurality of stack cooling water outlets are all connected to the main cooling water outlet.

8. A material supply unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor and a cooling water outlet temperature sensor. The cooling water inlet temperature and pressure sensor is installed between the main cooling water inlet and the stack cooling water inlet, and the cooling water outlet temperature sensor is installed between the stack cooling water outlet and the main cooling water outlet.

9. A material supply unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the end plate includes plastic or cast aluminum.

10. A hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of battery stacks and a material supply unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plurality of battery stacks are stacked and each of the battery stacks is connected to a group of battery stack interfaces in the material supply unit.

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