Hard-shell vegetable seed treatment device and treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides a hard-shell vegetable seed treatment device and method. The device comprises a bottom box, a plurality of buffer springs, a supporting cylinder, a screening cylinder, a grinding cylinder, a cold water tank and a conveyor; a center hole is formed in the top of the bottom box; buffer springs are fixed at the top of the bottom box; a center cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the inner side of the supporting cylinder. First screening holes are formed in the bottom of the screening barrel, and a discharging pipe is fixed to the bottom of the screening barrel. A central column is fixed in the middle of the grinding cylinder, and a vibration exciter is mounted in the central column; a grinding cavity is formed between the grinding cylinder and the central column, a grinding medium is filled in the grinding cavity, second sieve holes are formed in the bottom of the grinding cavity, water spraying holes are formed in the top of the grinding cylinder, and a water spraying pipe is arranged at the top of the outer wall of the grinding cylinder; the cold water tank is located under the discharging pipe. One end of the conveyor extends into the containing cavity and is located under the discharging pipe, and the other end of the conveyor extends out of the cold water tank. The method comprises the steps of seed screening, seed grinding and cold water treatment. The method is convenient and fast, high in seed treatment efficiency and good in germination accelerating effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable planting, and in particular relates to a hard-shell vegetable seed processing device and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] The seeds of many vegetables, such as bitter melon, okra, and asparagus, have hard and thick seed coats, which makes it difficult for the seeds to germinate after sowing. Therefore, they need to be treated by germination, such as breaking the seed coat, soaking in water, and treating with chemicals to promote germination. The method of breaking the seed coat requires manual treatment of each seed, which is inefficient and easy to hurt hands; soaking in water takes a long time and the effect is not ideal; soaking with chemicals (such as hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution) and then rinsing, because these vegetables have hard and thick seed coats, the germination effect is still not ideal. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a seed treatment method that can efficiently treat the above-mentioned vegetable seeds and improve the germination efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hard-shell vegetable seed processing device and method with high seed processing efficiency and good germination effect.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A hard-shell vegetable seed processing device comprises a bottom box, a plurality of buffer springs, a support cylinder, a screening cylinder, a grinding cylinder, a cold water tank and a conveyor. The bottom box is arranged at the bottom and is provided with a containing cavity inside thereof, and a center hole penetrating the containing cavity is provided at the top of the bottom box. The buffer spring is vertically fixed to the top of the bottom box around the center hole. The support cylinder is a bowl-shaped body fixed to the top of the buffer spring, and a center cylinder with openings at both ends is vertically fixed to the bottom of the inner side of the support cylinder. The bottom of the center cylinder passes through the lower surface of the support cylinder and is located directly above the center hole. An annular waste liquid cavity is formed between the outer wall of the center cylinder and the inner wall of the support cylinder, and a waste liquid pipe connected to the waste liquid cavity is connected to the bottom of the support cylinder. The screening cylinder is a bowl-shaped body fixed on the top of the supporting cylinder. A plurality of sieve holes 1 for screening waste liquid are provided in the area above the waste liquid chamber at the bottom of the screening cylinder. A discharge pipe is vertically fixed at the position of the outer bottom of the screening cylinder opposite to the center cylinder. Both ends of the discharge pipe are open. The upper part is connected to the inside of the screening cylinder, and the lower part passes through the center cylinder and the center hole in turn and then extends into the accommodating chamber. The grinding cylinder is a bowl-shaped body fixed on the top of the screening cylinder. A hollow center column is fixed in the middle of the grinding cylinder, and an exciter is installed in the center column. An annular grinding chamber is formed between the inner wall of the grinding cylinder and the outer wall of the center column. The grinding chamber is filled with grinding media. A plurality of sieve holes 2 are provided at the bottom of the grinding chamber. A plurality of water spray holes are provided at the top of the grinding cylinder. A water spray pipe is provided at the top of the outer wall of the grinding cylinder. The inner side of the water spray pipe is connected to the water spray hole, and the outer side is connected to an external water source through a pipeline. One end of the cold water tank extends into the accommodating cavity and is located directly below the discharge pipe, and the other end extends out of the accommodating cavity. The cold water tank is filled with circulating cold water. One end of the conveyor extends into the accommodating cavity and is located directly below the discharge pipe, and the other end extends out of the cold water tank.

[0005] Furthermore, the buffer springs are six in number and are evenly arranged around the central hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the upper inner surface of the waste liquid chamber is inclined from the middle to the edge to facilitate the outflow of the waste liquid, and the inclination is 2-10°.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper surface of the screening drum is inclined from the edge to the discharge pipe in the middle.

[0008] Furthermore, the inclination of the upper surface of the screening cylinder is 1-3° to promote the seeds to roll toward the discharge pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the aperture of sieve hole 1 is smaller than that of sieve hole 2, the aperture of sieve hole 1 is smaller than the diameter of the seeds after grinding, the diameter of sieve hole 2 is between the diameter of the seeds before grinding and the diameter of the seeds after grinding, and the diameter of sieve hole 2 cannot be too large or too small.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding medium is a ceramic ball or a steel ball.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the discharge pipe is smaller than the diameter of the center hole, and the outer diameter of the discharge pipe is also smaller than the inner diameter of the center tube, which reserves sufficient space for the vibration of the discharge pipe and avoids friction with the bottom box and the center tube during vibration, resulting in loss.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the grinding chamber protrudes downward and extends into the screening cylinder.

[0013] The method for processing hard-shelled vegetable seeds using the hard-shelled vegetable seed processing device comprises the following steps: S1. Seed screening: Screen the hard-shell vegetable seeds twice, and take the part above the sieve after the second screening for later use.

[0014] S2. Seed grinding: start the vibrator, when the temperature of the grinding medium rises to 40-50°C, put the seeds obtained in step S1 into the grinding chamber for grinding, when the temperature of the grinding medium rises to 40-50°C again, inject softening liquid at room temperature into the water spray pipe to maintain the temperature of the grinding medium at 38-45°C; after grinding and softening liquid treatment, the seed coat becomes thinner and softened until it reaches a degree that can pass through the second sieve hole, and then falls from the second sieve hole onto the screening cylinder, then rolls along the screening cylinder and falls into the discharge pipe, while the waste liquid falling from the second sieve hole falls into the waste liquid chamber through the first sieve hole, and is then discharged to the outside through the waste liquid pipe.

[0015] S3. Cold water treatment: The seeds that fall into the discharge pipe fall into the cold water tank along the discharge pipe and are soaked in the cold water in the cold water tank. The seed coat shrinks and breaks, and finally they are sent out by the conveyor to complete the treatment.

[0016] Further, in step S2, the softening liquid is a 0.5% hydrogen peroxide solution.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the cold water is a gibberellin solution with a concentration of (100-300) μg / g, and the temperature of the cold water is 0-3°C.

[0018] The present invention utilizes a hard-shell vegetable seed processing device to automatically grind and soften the seed coat, and then utilizes cold water to shrink and rupture the seed coat. The entire processing process is convenient and fast, the seed processing efficiency is high, and the germination effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hard-shell vegetable seed processing device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Full cross-section of Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded diagram of As shown in the figure: 1-bottom box, 101-accommodating chamber, 102-center hole, 2-buffer spring, 3-support cylinder, 301-center cylinder, 302-waste liquid chamber, 303-waste liquid pipe, 4-screening cylinder, 401-sieve hole one, 402-discharge pipe, 5-grinding cylinder, 501-center column, 502-vibrator, 503-grinding chamber, 504-sieve hole three, 505-water spray hole, 506-water spray pipe, 6-cold water trough, 7-conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is an explanation of the implementation of the present invention by specific specific embodiments. People familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present embodiment discloses a hard-shell vegetable seed processing device, which includes a bottom box 1, a buffer spring 2, a support cylinder 3, a screening cylinder 4, a grinding cylinder 5, a cold water tank 6 and a conveyor 7.

[0025] The bottom box 1 is a square or round box, which is arranged at the bottom of the entire device and serves as a bearing base. A receiving cavity 101 is provided inside the bottom box 1. At the same time, a center hole 102 penetrating the receiving cavity 101 is also provided at the center of the top of the bottom box 1.

[0026] There are six buffer springs 2 , which are evenly arranged around the central hole 102 and vertically fixed on the top of the bottom box 1 .

[0027] The support cylinder 3 is fixed on the top of (six) buffer springs 2, and has a bowl-shaped structure as a whole. A central cylinder 301 is vertically fixed in the center of the inner bottom of the support cylinder 3. The upper and lower ends of the central cylinder 301 are open, and the bottom of the central cylinder 301 passes through the lower surface of the support cylinder 3 and is located directly above the central hole 102 (the center line of the central cylinder and the central hole coincides). An annular waste liquid chamber 302 is formed between the outer wall of the central cylinder 301 and the inner wall of the support cylinder 3 (to collect waste liquid and powder falling from the sieve hole 401 on the screening cylinder 4). A waste liquid pipe 303 connected to the waste liquid chamber 302 is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the support cylinder 3. The waste liquid pipe 303 discharges the waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber 302 to the outside. The inner upper surface of the waste liquid chamber 302 is inclined from the middle to the edge, with an inclination of 2-10° to promote the outflow of waste liquid.

[0028] The screening cylinder 4 is fixed on the top of the support cylinder 3 by a flange and a plurality of bolt pairs (bolts and nuts) (fixedly connected to the support cylinder 3 by a flange and a plurality of bolt pairs), and the screening cylinder 4 as a whole is also a bowl-shaped structure. A plurality of sieve holes 401 for screening waste liquid are provided in the area just above the waste liquid chamber 302 at the bottom of the screening cylinder 4, and a discharge pipe 402 is vertically fixed at the position just opposite the center cylinder 301 at the bottom of the outer side of the screening cylinder 4, and the discharge pipe 402 is open at both ends, and its upper part is connected with the inside of the screening cylinder 4, and its lower part passes through the center cylinder 301 and the center hole 102 in turn and then extends into the accommodating chamber 101; the outer diameter of the discharge pipe 402 is smaller than the diameter of the center hole 102, and the outer diameter of the discharge pipe 402 is also smaller than the inner diameter of the center cylinder 301, so that sufficient space is reserved for the vibration of the discharge pipe 402 to avoid friction with the bottom box 1 and the center cylinder 301 when the discharge pipe 402 vibrates, resulting in loss. The upper surface of the screening drum 4 is inclined from the edge to the discharge pipe 402 in the middle, with an inclination of 1-3°, so as to promote the seeds to roll toward the discharge pipe 402.

[0029] The grinding cylinder 5 is fixed on the top of the screening cylinder 4 by a flange and a plurality of bolt pairs (bolts and nuts) (fixedly connected to the top of the screening cylinder 4 by a flange and a plurality of bolt pairs). The grinding cylinder 5 is also bowl-shaped as a whole. A central column 501 is fixed in the middle of the grinding cylinder 5. The central column 501 is hollow inside (a cover plate is provided on the top, and the cover plate is fixed to the top of the central column 501 by bolts). An exciter 502 is installed in the central column 501 (the exciter 502 adopts existing equipment, which includes an excitation motor and an eccentric wheel installed on the rotating shaft of the excitation motor. The excitation motor rotates, drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, generates an excitation force, and makes the grinding cylinder 5 vibrate); the inner wall of the grinding cylinder 5 and the central column 50 1, an annular grinding chamber 503 is formed between the outer walls, the bottom of the grinding chamber 503 protrudes downward and extends into the sieving cylinder 4 (to prevent waste liquid from overflowing from the connection between the grinding cylinder 5 and the sieving cylinder 4, and to facilitate the rolling grinding of the grinding medium in the grinding chamber 503), the grinding chamber 503 is filled with grinding media (the grinding media is ceramic balls or steel balls), a plurality of sieve holes 504 are provided at the bottom of the grinding chamber 503, a plurality of water spray holes 505 are provided at the top of the grinding cylinder 5, and a water spray pipe 506 is provided at the top of the outer wall of the grinding cylinder 5, the inner side of the water spray pipe 506 is connected to the water spray holes 505, and the outer side is connected to an external water source through a pipeline (connected to the water outlet end of a water pump arranged in a pool). The aperture of the sieve hole 1 401 is smaller than the aperture of the sieve hole 2 504, the aperture of the sieve hole 1 401 is smaller than the diameter of the seed after grinding, the diameter of the sieve hole 2 504 is between the diameter of the seed before grinding and the diameter of the seed after grinding, and the diameter of the sieve hole 2 504 should not be too large or too small.

[0030] The cold water tank 6 is a long strip structure, one end of which extends into the accommodating chamber 101 and is located directly below the discharge pipe 402 , and the other end extends out of the accommodating chamber 101 . The cold water tank 6 is filled with circulating cold water.

[0031] One end of the conveyor 7 extends into the accommodating chamber 101 and is located directly below the discharge pipe 402, and the other end extends out of the cold water tank 6. The conveyor 7 is a chain plate type conveyor, and a plurality of filter holes are arranged on the chain plate.

[0032] When in use, start the vibrator 502, the grinding cylinder 5 starts to vibrate, and the grinding matrix in the grinding chamber 503 is constantly turned over and rubbed against each other, and then seeds are put in for grinding. After a layer of seed coat is ground off the seeds (thinned), the seeds fall into the screening cylinder 4 through the sieve hole 504. The aperture of the sieve hole 504 is determined according to the thickness of the seed coat of the ground seeds. Generally, the thickness of the remaining seed coat of the seeds after grinding is about 0.8-1.5mm. During the grinding process, a softening liquid can be sprayed into the grinding chamber 503 to soften the seed coat. At the same time, the softening liquid spraying can also take away the heat generated by the friction between the grinding media and the grinding media, and between the grinding media and the seeds, to avoid excessive temperature. The seeds that fall into the screening cylinder 4 roll along the screening cylinder 4 and fall into the discharge pipe 402. During the rolling process of the seeds, the waste liquid attached to them falls from the sieve hole 401 into the waste liquid chamber 302, and is finally discharged to the outside through the waste liquid pipe 303. The seeds that fall into the discharge pipe 402 finally fall from the discharge pipe 402 onto the conveyor 7 in the cold water trough 6, and are driven forward by the conveyor 7 until they are taken out of the cold water trough 6. While moving, the seeds are quickly cooled down by the cold water. Due to the large temperature difference between the seeds and the cold water, the seed coat shrinks and ruptures, which is beneficial to the germination of the seed buds. Example 2

[0033] The method for processing hard-shelled vegetable seeds using the hard-shelled vegetable seed processing device described in Example 1 comprises the following steps: S1. Seed screening: Screen the hard-shelled vegetable seeds twice, and keep the part above the sieve after the second screening for later use (to obtain seeds with more uniform particle size). The sieve hole diameter of the sieve plate used for the first screening should be larger than the average diameter of the hard-shelled vegetable seeds, and the sieve hole diameter of the sieve plate used for the second screening should be smaller than the average diameter of the hard-shelled vegetable seeds (preferably one-fifth to one-fourth of the average diameter of the hard-shelled vegetable seeds).

[0034] S2. Seed grinding: start the vibrator 502, the grinding cylinder 5 starts to vibrate, the grinding media turn over and rub against each other, when the temperature of the grinding media rises to about 45°C, the seeds obtained in step S1 are put into the grinding chamber 503 for grinding, and when the temperature of the grinding media rises to about 45°C again, start the water pump to inject a softening liquid at room temperature into the water spray pipe 506, the softening liquid is a hydrogen peroxide solution with a concentration of 0.5%, so that the temperature of the grinding media is maintained at about 40°C; after grinding and treatment with the softening liquid, the seed coat becomes thinner and softened until it reaches a level that can pass through the sieve hole 2 504, the seed falls from the sieve hole 2 504 into the screening cylinder 4, then rolls along the bottom of the screening cylinder 4, falls into the discharge pipe 402, and the waste liquid falling from the sieve hole 2 504 falls into the waste liquid chamber 302 through the sieve hole 1 401, and is then discharged to the outside through the waste liquid pipe 303.

[0035] S3. Cold water treatment: The seeds falling into the discharge pipe 402 fall into the cold water tank 6 along the discharge pipe 402 and are soaked in the cold water in the cold water tank 6. The seed coat shrinks and breaks, and finally is sent out by the conveyor 7 to complete the treatment. The cold water is a gibberellin solution with a concentration of (100-300) μg / g, and the temperature of the cold water is 0-3°C.

[0036] The whole processing process is convenient and efficient, and the seed processing effect is good.

[0037] Other aspects of the present invention that are not described in detail are all conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0039] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific implementation methods. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard-shell vegetable seed processing device, characterized in that: It includes a bottom box, a buffer spring, a support cylinder, a screening cylinder, a grinding cylinder, a cold water tank and a conveyor; The bottom box is arranged at the bottom and has a containing cavity inside it, and a center hole penetrating the containing cavity is arranged at the top of the bottom box; There are multiple buffer springs, which are vertically fixed on the top of the bottom box around the center hole; The support tube is a bowl-shaped body fixed on the top of the buffer spring, and a central tube with two ends opened is vertically fixed on the bottom of the inner side of the support tube. The bottom of the central tube passes through the lower surface of the support tube and is located directly above the central hole. An annular waste liquid cavity is formed between the outer wall of the central tube and the inner wall of the support tube, and a waste liquid pipe connected to the waste liquid cavity is connected to the bottom of the support tube; The screening cylinder is a bowl-shaped body fixed on the top of the supporting cylinder. A plurality of screening holes for screening waste liquid are arranged in the area above the waste liquid chamber at the bottom of the screening cylinder. A discharge pipe is vertically fixed at the position of the outer bottom of the screening cylinder facing the central cylinder. Both ends of the discharge pipe are open. The upper part of the discharge pipe is connected with the inside of the screening cylinder, and the lower part of the discharge pipe passes through the central cylinder and the central hole in sequence and then extends into the accommodating chamber. The grinding cylinder is a bowl-shaped body fixed above the screening cylinder, a hollow central column is fixed in the middle of the grinding cylinder, and an exciter is installed in the central column; an annular grinding chamber is formed between the inner wall of the grinding cylinder and the outer wall of the central column, and a grinding medium is installed in the grinding chamber, a plurality of sieve holes are arranged at the bottom of the grinding chamber, a plurality of water spray holes are arranged at the top of the grinding cylinder, and a water spray pipe is arranged at the top of the outer wall of the grinding cylinder, the inner side of the water spray pipe is connected to the water spray hole, and the outer side is connected to an external water source through a pipeline; One end of the cold water tank extends into the accommodating cavity and is located directly below the discharge pipe, and the other end extends out of the accommodating cavity. The cold water tank is filled with circulating cold water. One end of the conveyor extends into the accommodating cavity and is located directly below the discharge pipe, and the other end extends out of the cold water tank.

2. The hard-shell vegetable seed processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the buffer springs is six and they are evenly arranged around the central hole.

3. The hard-shell vegetable seed processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner upper surface of the waste liquid chamber is inclined from the middle to the edge.

4. The hard-shell vegetable seed processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the screening drum is inclined from the edge to the discharge pipe in the middle.

5. The hard-shell vegetable seed processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclination of the upper surface of the screening drum is 1-3°.

6. The hard-shell vegetable seed processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the first sieve hole is smaller than the aperture of the second sieve hole.

7. The hard-shell vegetable seed processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding medium is a ceramic ball or a steel ball.

8. A method for treating hard-shelled vegetable seeds using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Seed screening: Screen the hard-shelled vegetable seeds twice, and take the upper portion after the second screening for later use; S2. Seed grinding: start the vibrator, when the temperature of the grinding medium rises to 40-50°C, put the seeds obtained in step S1 into the grinding chamber for grinding, when the temperature of the grinding medium rises to 40-50°C again, inject softening liquid at room temperature into the water spray pipe to maintain the temperature of the grinding medium at 38-45°C; after grinding and softening liquid treatment, the seed coat becomes thinner and softened until it reaches a degree that can pass through the second sieve hole, and then falls from the second sieve hole onto the sieve cylinder, then rolls along the sieve cylinder and falls into the discharge pipe, while the waste liquid falling from the second sieve hole falls into the waste liquid chamber through the first sieve hole, and then is discharged to the outside through the waste liquid pipe; S3. Cold water treatment: The seeds that fall into the discharge pipe fall into the cold water tank along the discharge pipe and are soaked in the cold water in the cold water tank. The seed coat shrinks and breaks, and finally they are sent out by the conveyor to complete the treatment.

9. The method for processing hard-shelled vegetable seeds according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the softening solution is a hydrogen peroxide solution with a concentration of 0.5%.

10. The method for treating hard-shelled vegetable seeds according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the cold water is a gibberellin solution with a concentration of (100 - 300) μg / g, and the temperature of the cold water is 0 - 3°C.

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