Purifying and recycling treatment method and system for coking waste gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coking waste gas treatment, in particular to a purification and recovery treatment method and system for coking waste gas, and the system comprises a cooling and separation module, a process control and optimization module, a tail gas deep treatment module, a fractionation and resource recovery module, a gas circulation and tail gas emission module and a system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module. According to the cooling and separation module, high-temperature oil gas firstly enters a contact cooling tower, primary cooling is achieved in a liquid circulation mode, and the initial temperature of the oil gas is effectively reduced. According to the process control and optimization module, the condensation process of a condenser is adjusted through a control valve set, and the valve opening degree and the condensation temperature are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time gas flow change; through the synergistic effect of all the modules, multi-stage cooling and separation, tail gas deep treatment and resource recovery of coking waste gas are achieved, meanwhile, the condensation and fractionation process is optimized, pollutant emission is reduced, the waste gas purification efficiency can be improved, the resource recovery capacity is enhanced, and remarkable environmental protection and economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coking waste gas treatment technology, in particular to the purification and recovery technology of coking waste gas; specifically, it relates to a method and system for multi-stage cooling, separation, tail gas deep treatment and resource recovery of coking waste gas, aiming to improve the coking waste gas treatment efficiency, reduce waste gas emissions, and realize the resource utilization of waste gas. Background Art

[0002] The coking industry produces a large amount of high-temperature oil and gas waste gas during the production process. If these waste gases are not effectively treated, direct discharge will cause serious pollution to the environment. Traditional coking waste gas treatment methods mostly use a single cooling or separation method, lacking in-depth treatment and resource recovery of waste gas. With the increasing environmental protection requirements, the existing technologies generally have the following problems:

[0003] Low cooling and separation efficiency: Traditional cooling equipment can usually only perform preliminary cooling and fails to achieve multi-stage cooling and efficient separation of liquid components in oil and gas, resulting in some valuable oil and gas components not being effectively recovered.

[0004] Insufficient condensation efficiency: During the condensation process, due to fluctuations in air volume and inflexible adjustment of the condenser, the condensation efficiency is often low and cannot meet the high-efficiency processing requirements under different operating conditions.

[0005] Insufficient deep treatment of exhaust gas: The moisture and coke powder in the exhaust gas are not effectively removed, which directly affects the efficiency of subsequent treatment. If the solid particles in the exhaust gas are not effectively removed, it will cause wear and blockage to the equipment.

[0006] Insufficient resource recovery and utilization: In existing technologies, most oil and gas components are not effectively recovered, and valuable oil and gas components in tail gas are not maximized. The coordination between the fractionation process and the tail gas emission system is not close enough, resulting in a low resource recovery rate after waste gas treatment, and the exhaust gas has a greater impact on the environment.

[0007] Insufficient automated control: Traditional exhaust gas treatment systems rely heavily on manual operation and simple mechanical control, lacking flexible automated control and dynamic adjustment. It is difficult to optimize system performance based on real-time changing operating conditions, resulting in unstable treatment effects. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a purification and recovery method and system for coking waste gas, which realizes multi-stage cooling and separation of coking waste gas, deep treatment of tail gas and resource recovery through the synergistic effect of various modules, optimizes the condensation and fractionation process, reduces pollutant emissions, improves waste gas purification efficiency, enhances resource recovery capacity, and has significant environmental protection and economic benefits. The present invention specifically includes the following contents:

[0009] 1. Cooling and separation module: The high-temperature oil and gas first enter the contact cooling tower and achieve preliminary cooling through liquid circulation to effectively reduce the initial temperature of the oil and gas. Subsequently, the oil and gas are further cooled to the target temperature range through multi-stage cooling in the air cooler and water cooler. The cooled oil and gas are separated from the gas phase and the liquid phase in the separator tank, providing a clear separation interface for subsequent processing. During the entire cooling process, the oil and gas temperature is accurately calculated by introducing a heat exchange model to ensure the optimization of cooling efficiency. The cooling process is described based on the thermodynamics and fluid mechanics coupling model, and the temperature change is calculated using the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] Where T is the fluid temperature, h is the heat transfer coefficient, m is the mass flow rate, c p is the specific heat, T ∞ is the ambient temperature, C is a constant that depends on the properties of the fluid, p is the gas pressure, ρ is the fluid density, P ∞ It's environmental pressure.

[0012] This module can accurately predict the temperature change process, ensure effective temperature reduction in multi-stage cooling, avoid overcooling or insufficient cooling, and improve the stability and controllability of cooling efficiency.

[0013] 2. Process control and optimization module: The condensation process of the condenser is regulated by controlling the valve group, and the valve opening and condensation temperature are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time air flow changes to ensure that the condenser always maintains an efficient and stable working state under different operating conditions. The automatic control algorithm is used to monitor the air flow, temperature and pressure parameters in real time, and optimize the condensation efficiency based on this, so that the heat exchange performance of the condenser can be optimized under various working conditions. The module's optimization control strategy can not only maximize the condensation efficiency, but also effectively reduce energy consumption and operating costs. Through dynamic adjustment, the heat transfer and energy utilization in the condensation process are precisely controlled, avoiding the degradation of condensation performance due to load fluctuations or air flow changes, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of the entire system.

[0014] 3. Tail gas deep treatment module: The module first recools the tail gas through the buffer tank to further reduce the water content in the tail gas, providing optimized conditions for the subsequent solid particle removal process. After passing through the decoking device, the solid particles in the tail gas are efficiently removed, making its quality more suitable for resource fractionation treatment. Next, the treated tail gas is regulated by the pressure-controlled valve group and divided into two paths. One path enters the gas phase equilibrium line of the raw material buffer tank, and the other path enters the distillation tower for resource recovery, ensuring the deep purification and maximum utilization of different components in the tail gas, realizing the organic combination of resource recovery and tail gas purification. The tail gas treatment process follows a dual-coupling kinetic model to describe the dynamic changes of coke powder concentration with time and temperature:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, C is the concentration of coke powder in the exhaust gas, T is the current exhaust gas temperature, and T 0 is the reference temperature, k 1 and k 2 is the reaction rate constant, n is the temperature dependence exponent of the reaction rate, (C ∞ -C) is the maximum concentration of the exhaust gas after cooling, τ is the mass transfer time, the first term of the formula describes the nonlinear attenuation of the coke powder concentration with temperature, and the second term reflects the change law of the coke powder concentration gradually approaching the maximum allowable concentration during the mass transfer process after cooling. Through the application of this model, the system can adjust the exhaust gas treatment parameters in real time, so that the coke powder removal efficiency and exhaust gas purification effect can reach the optimal value under multiple working conditions.

[0017] 4. Distillation and resource recovery module: Precisely control the operating conditions (temperature and pressure) of the distillation tower to achieve separation and recovery of different components in the tail gas. First, by setting a reasonable temperature and pressure control strategy, the various oil and gas components in the tail gas can be effectively separated in the distillation tower according to the difference in boiling points. Through this distillation process, valuable oil and gas components can be recovered from the tail gas. These valuable components will be transported to a special recovery unit through a pipeline for further utilization or processing. During the operation of the distillation tower, the system dynamically adjusts the control strategy according to the real-time monitored temperature and pressure parameters to ensure that the separation efficiency of different components reaches the optimal state. This not only improves the recovery rate of valuable components, but also minimizes the emission of harmful substances in the tail gas. The unrecovered part of the treated tail gas enters the emission system or is recycled and reused through the circulation system after necessary purification treatment, ensuring that the harmful components in the tail gas are treated in an environmentally friendly manner, while valuable resources are maximized, in line with the requirements of resource conservation and environmental protection.

[0018] 5. Gas circulation and exhaust emission module: In this module, the exhaust gas that has not participated in the distillation treatment is recovered through the gas circulation system and redirected to other treatment links in the system to achieve the reuse of the exhaust gas. Through this recovery mechanism, the system can ensure the exhaust gas treatment effect while minimizing the exhaust gas emissions, thereby improving the overall environmental performance of the operation. After the exhaust gas that has not been distilled is recovered, it is first purified by an efficient environmental protection device. The device uses advanced exhaust gas purification technologies, such as adsorption and catalytic methods, to effectively remove harmful substances in the exhaust gas, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, to ensure that the exhaust gas meets environmental standards. After purification, the exhaust gas is discharged to the external environment, or reintroduced into the system for secondary treatment to further optimize the utilization efficiency of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas recovery process effectively reduces the harmful substances emitted, optimizes the environmental performance of the system, meets modern environmental protection requirements, and also realizes the maximum recovery and utilization of resources, improving the economy and sustainability of the system.

[0019] 6. System monitoring and dynamic adjustment module: Through the automatic control unit and sensors, each module of the system is monitored in real time, and data including key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow are collected in real time. The sensors continuously collect operating data from each module, and through the data transmission system, these data are summarized to the central control unit for processing and analysis. Based on the collected data, the control unit adjusts the operating parameters of each module in real time according to the preset control strategy and operating standards. The system can dynamically adjust the temperature, pressure, and flow key control variables of each module according to the changes in real-time monitoring to ensure the coordinated work between the modules and maintain the best operating state. The system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module can not only automatically adjust the operating parameters, but also reasonably distribute the system load according to the preset optimization algorithm to avoid overload or reduced efficiency, and ensure that each module operates under the best operating conditions. In addition, when the system operation is abnormal or the load is unstable, the control unit can respond quickly and adjust the operating mode to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system and avoid any possible failure or efficiency loss.

[0020] A method for purifying and recovering coking waste gas comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, cooling and separation: During the cold coking process, the coke tower will produce high-temperature oil and gas. These oil and gas contain a large amount of harmful components and need to be processed through cooling and separation steps. First, the high-temperature oil and gas generated by cold coking are introduced into the contact cooling tower. In the contact cooling tower, the oil and gas are initially cooled by liquid circulation. The cooled oil and gas then pass through an air cooler and a water cooler. These two devices can further reduce the temperature of the oil and gas to the target range. Through multi-stage cooling, the heat in the oil and gas is gradually taken away and the temperature is effectively reduced. Finally, the cooled oil and gas are transported to the separator to complete the separation of gas and liquid phases. The separator provides a clear separation interface to ensure the separation of gas and liquid, and provides the necessary pre-treatment conditions for subsequent processing steps.

[0022] Step 2: Process control and optimization: During the processing after cooling and separation, the process control and optimization module is responsible for dynamically adjusting the condensation process of the condenser to ensure the efficiency of the condensation process. The operating parameters of the condenser are adjusted by installing a control valve group, and the condensation process is optimized according to the real-time monitored air flow data. By adjusting the opening of the control valve and the condensation temperature, the condensation efficiency of the condenser can be dynamically optimized according to the change of the air flow rate, ensuring that the condenser can still work efficiently and stably under different air flow conditions, while maintaining the optimal operating state of the condenser, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the overall system, and reducing energy consumption.

[0023] Step 3: Deep treatment of tail gas: During the treatment of the tail gas after cooling, the tail gas needs to be further cooled and the moisture and solid particles in it need to be removed to meet more stringent treatment standards. First, the cooled tail gas enters the cooling buffer tank to further reduce its water content and remove solid particles in the tail gas, such as coke powder. Then, the tail gas is pressure-regulated by the pressure control valve group. By adjusting the pressure, the tail gas is divided into two paths, one entering the gas phase equilibrium line of the raw material buffer tank, and the other entering the distillation tower. This diversion process creates conditions for further treatment and resource recovery of the tail gas. The recyclable components in the tail gas will be separated in the distillation tower, while the non-recyclable components will be treated by other means.

[0024] Step 4, distillation and resource recovery: In the distillation and resource recovery step, different components in the tail gas are separated by a distillation tower. The distillation tower can separate the oil and gas components from other components in the tail gas according to the set temperature and pressure conditions. The recovered valuable oil and gas components are transported to the recovery unit through pipelines for further resource utilization. The operation of the distillation tower can not only recover the useful oil and gas components in the tail gas, but also further process other components in the tail gas. The tail gas after distillation is introduced into the emission system or the circulation system according to its composition, ensuring maximum utilization of resources and reducing environmental pollution.

[0025] Step 5. Gas circulation and tail gas emission: After the tail gas fractionation treatment, the tail gas that does not participate in the distillation is recovered through the gas circulation system. These tail gases will not be discharged directly, but will be guided back to the system for reprocessing to further optimize the utilization efficiency of resources. For the excess tail gas that cannot be further processed, it will be purified by high-efficiency environmental protection equipment to ensure that it meets the emission standards to the external environment, effectively reducing waste gas emissions, improving the recycling rate of waste gas, and achieving the dual goals of environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0026] Step 6. System monitoring and dynamic adjustment: The system operating status is monitored in real time through the automatic control unit and sensors, and key data such as temperature, pressure, and flow are collected. According to the monitored operating data, the automatic control unit dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each module through the set control strategy to maintain the optimal working state of the system. Through intelligent adjustment, the system can quickly respond to load fluctuations or abnormal operation, and adjust the operation between modules in time to avoid performance deviations, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the entire system. The system monitoring and dynamic adjustment function not only improves the overall efficiency, but also ensures the long-term safe and reliable operation of the system, reduces human intervention, and improves the automation level of the system.

[0027] Beneficial Effects

[0028] A method and system for purifying and recovering coking waste gas has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Improve the efficiency of waste gas treatment: Through multi-stage cooling and separation, deep treatment, precise process control and optimization, the efficiency of waste gas treatment is effectively improved. In particular, through the dynamic adjustment of the control valve group and the automation algorithm, the condenser and each treatment module can be automatically adjusted according to the change of air flow, ensuring that the condensation efficiency and overall treatment efficiency remain in the optimal state under different working conditions.

[0030] Maximizing resource recovery: Recovering valuable oil and gas components in tail gas through a distillation tower can effectively recover the oil and gas produced during the coking process, reduce resource waste, and maximize the use of recyclable resources in waste gas. The recovered oil and gas can be transported to the recovery unit through a pipeline for subsequent resource utilization, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0031] Reduce emission pollution: The gas circulation and tail gas emission module effectively reduces the tail gas emission that has not been distilled, and purifies the tail gas through high-efficiency environmental protection devices to ensure that its emissions meet environmental protection standards and reduce pollution to the environment. The gas circulation module not only reduces exhaust gas emissions, but also optimizes the utilization of resources, reduces the external emission of exhaust gas, and plays a positive role in environmental protection.

[0032] Dynamic optimization and intelligent adjustment: Through the system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module, the automatic control unit and sensors are used to monitor the system operation status in real time, quickly respond to system load fluctuations or abnormalities, and adjust the operating parameters of each module in time to ensure that the entire system operates in an efficient and stable state. This intelligent adjustment mechanism not only improves the reliability and stability of the system, but also effectively reduces energy consumption and operating costs.

[0033] Reduce energy consumption and operating costs: By optimizing the condensation process and deep treatment of tail gas, energy waste is reduced. During the cooling process, the cooling efficiency is optimized through the coupling of thermodynamic models and fluid mechanics, which reduces the energy consumption of the cooling system. The recycling of resources in the distillation tower and tail gas treatment links also helps reduce raw material and processing costs, thereby improving the overall economic benefits.

[0034] Enhance system reliability and long-term operation: Real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment ensure the long-term stability of system operation, reduce downtime or efficiency decline caused by load fluctuations or equipment abnormalities, improve the overall reliability and long-term effectiveness of the system, and ensure that the equipment can continue to maintain an efficient processing state during long-term operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is the cooling and separation module flow chart;

[0036] Figure 2 It is the flow chart of process control and optimization module;

[0037] Figure 3 It is the flow chart of exhaust gas deep treatment module;

[0038] Figure 4 It is the flow chart of fractionation and resource recovery module;

[0039] Figure 5 It is the flow chart of gas circulation and exhaust emission module;

[0040] Figure 6 It is the flow chart of system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of the method steps of this patent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figures 1 to 7 , clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0043] Cooling and separation module: The high-temperature oil and gas first enter the contact cooling tower and achieve preliminary cooling through liquid circulation, effectively reducing the initial temperature of the oil and gas. Subsequently, the oil and gas are further cooled to the target temperature range through multi-stage cooling in the air cooler and water cooler. The cooled oil and gas complete the separation of gas phase and liquid phase in the separator tank, providing a clear separation interface for subsequent processing. During the entire cooling process, the oil and gas temperature is accurately calculated by introducing a heat exchange model to ensure the optimization of cooling efficiency. The cooling process is described based on the thermodynamics and fluid mechanics coupling model, and the temperature change is calculated using the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] Where T is the fluid temperature, h is the heat transfer coefficient, m is the mass flow rate, c p is the specific heat, T ∞ is the ambient temperature, C is a constant that depends on the properties of the fluid, p is the gas pressure, ρ is the fluid density, P ∞ It's environmental pressure.

[0046] This module can accurately predict the temperature change process, ensure effective temperature reduction in multi-stage cooling, avoid overcooling or insufficient cooling, and improve the stability and controllability of cooling efficiency.

[0047] Process control and optimization module: The condensation process of the condenser is regulated by controlling the valve group, and the valve opening and condensation temperature are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time air flow changes to ensure that the condenser always maintains an efficient and stable working state under different operating conditions. The automatic control algorithm is used to monitor the air flow, temperature and pressure parameters in real time, and optimize the condensation efficiency based on this, so that the heat exchange performance of the condenser can reach the best under various working conditions. The module's optimization control strategy can not only maximize the condensation efficiency, but also effectively reduce energy consumption and operating costs. Through dynamic adjustment, the heat transfer and energy utilization in the condensation process are precisely controlled, avoiding the degradation of condensation performance due to load fluctuations or air flow changes, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of the entire system.

[0048] Tail gas deep treatment module: The module first recools the tail gas through the buffer tank to further reduce the water content in the tail gas, providing optimized conditions for the subsequent solid particle removal process. After passing through the decoking device, the solid particles in the tail gas are efficiently removed, making its quality more suitable for resource fractionation treatment. Next, the treated tail gas is regulated by the pressure-controlled valve group and divided into two paths. One path enters the gas phase equilibrium line of the raw material buffer tank, and the other path enters the fractionation tower for resource recovery, ensuring the deep purification and maximum utilization of different components in the tail gas, realizing the organic combination of resource recovery and tail gas purification. The tail gas treatment process follows a dual-coupling kinetic model to describe the dynamic changes of coke powder concentration with time and temperature:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, C is the concentration of coke powder in the exhaust gas, T is the current exhaust gas temperature, and T 0 is the reference temperature, k 1 and k 2 is the reaction rate constant, n is the temperature dependence exponent of the reaction rate, (C ∞ -C) is the maximum concentration of the exhaust gas after cooling, τ is the mass transfer time, the first term of the formula describes the nonlinear attenuation of the coke powder concentration with temperature, and the second term reflects the change law of the coke powder concentration gradually approaching the maximum allowable concentration during the mass transfer process after cooling. Through the application of this model, the system can adjust the exhaust gas treatment parameters in real time, so that the coke powder removal efficiency and exhaust gas purification effect can reach the optimal value under multiple working conditions.

[0051] Distillation and resource recovery module: Precisely control the operating conditions (temperature and pressure) of the distillation tower to achieve separation and recovery of different components in the tail gas. First, by setting a reasonable temperature and pressure control strategy, the various oil and gas components in the tail gas can be effectively separated in the distillation tower according to the difference in boiling points. Through this distillation process, valuable oil and gas components can be recovered from the tail gas. These valuable components will be transported to a special recovery unit through a pipeline for further use or processing. During the operation of the distillation tower, the system dynamically adjusts the control strategy according to the real-time monitored temperature and pressure parameters to ensure that the separation efficiency of different components reaches the optimal state. This not only improves the recovery rate of valuable components, but also minimizes the emission of harmful substances in the tail gas. The unrecovered part of the treated tail gas enters the emission system or is recycled and reused through the circulation system after necessary purification treatment, ensuring that the harmful components in the tail gas are treated in an environmentally friendly manner, while valuable resources are maximized, in line with the requirements of resource conservation and environmental protection.

[0052] Gas circulation and exhaust emission module: In this module, the exhaust gas that does not participate in the distillation treatment is recovered through the gas circulation system and redirected to other treatment links in the system to achieve the reuse of the exhaust gas. Through this recovery mechanism, the system can ensure the exhaust gas treatment effect while minimizing the exhaust gas emissions, thereby improving the overall environmental performance of the operation. After the exhaust gas that has not been distilled is recovered, it is first purified by an efficient environmental protection device. The device uses advanced exhaust gas purification technologies, such as adsorption and catalytic methods, to effectively remove harmful substances in the exhaust gas, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, to ensure that the exhaust gas meets environmental standards. After purification, the exhaust gas is discharged to the external environment, or reintroduced into the system for secondary treatment to further optimize the utilization efficiency of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas recovery process effectively reduces the harmful substances emitted and optimizes the environmental performance of the system. While meeting modern environmental protection requirements, it also realizes the maximum recovery and utilization of resources, improving the economy and sustainability of the system.

[0053] System monitoring and dynamic adjustment module: Through the automatic control unit and sensors, each module of the system is monitored in real time, and data including key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow are collected in real time. The sensors continuously collect operating data from each module, and through the data transmission system, these data are summarized to the central control unit for processing and analysis. Based on the collected data, the control unit adjusts the operating parameters of each module in real time according to the preset control strategy and operating standards. The system can dynamically adjust the temperature, pressure, and flow key control variables of each module according to the changes in real-time monitoring to ensure the coordinated work between the modules and maintain the best operating state. The system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module can not only automatically adjust the operating parameters, but also reasonably distribute the system load according to the preset optimization algorithm to avoid overload or reduced efficiency, and ensure that each module operates under the best operating conditions. In addition, when the system operation is abnormal or the load is unstable, the control unit can respond quickly and adjust the operating mode to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system and avoid any possible failures or efficiency losses.

[0054] A method for purifying and recovering coking waste gas comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1, cooling and separation: During the cold coking process, the coke tower will produce high-temperature oil and gas. These oil and gas contain a large amount of harmful components and need to be processed through cooling and separation steps. First, the high-temperature oil and gas generated by cold coking are introduced into the contact cooling tower. In the contact cooling tower, the oil and gas are initially cooled by liquid circulation. The cooled oil and gas then pass through an air cooler and a water cooler. These two devices can further reduce the temperature of the oil and gas to the target range. Through multi-stage cooling, the heat in the oil and gas is gradually taken away and the temperature is effectively reduced. Finally, the cooled oil and gas are transported to the separator to complete the separation of gas and liquid phases. The separator provides a clear separation interface to ensure the separation of gas and liquid, and provides the necessary pre-treatment conditions for subsequent processing steps.

[0056] Step 2: Process control and optimization: During the processing after cooling and separation, the process control and optimization module is responsible for dynamically adjusting the condensation process of the condenser to ensure the efficiency of the condensation process. The operating parameters of the condenser are adjusted by installing a control valve group, and the condensation process is optimized according to the real-time monitored air flow data. By adjusting the opening of the control valve and the condensation temperature, the condensation efficiency of the condenser can be dynamically optimized according to the change of the air flow rate, ensuring that the condenser can still work efficiently and stably under different air flow conditions, while maintaining the optimal operating state of the condenser, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the overall system, and reducing energy consumption.

[0057] Step 3: Deep treatment of tail gas: During the treatment of the tail gas after cooling, the tail gas needs to be further cooled and the moisture and solid particles in it need to be removed to meet more stringent treatment standards. First, the cooled tail gas enters the cooling buffer tank to further reduce its water content and remove solid particles in the tail gas, such as coke powder. Then, the tail gas is pressure-regulated by the pressure control valve group. By adjusting the pressure, the tail gas is divided into two paths, one entering the gas phase equilibrium line of the raw material buffer tank, and the other entering the distillation tower. This diversion process creates conditions for further treatment and resource recovery of the tail gas. The recyclable components in the tail gas will be separated in the distillation tower, while the non-recyclable components will be treated by other means.

[0058] Step 4, distillation and resource recovery: In the distillation and resource recovery step, different components in the tail gas are separated by a distillation tower. The distillation tower can separate the oil and gas components from other components in the tail gas according to the set temperature and pressure conditions. The recovered valuable oil and gas components are transported to the recovery unit through pipelines for further resource utilization. The operation of the distillation tower can not only recover the useful oil and gas components in the tail gas, but also further process other components in the tail gas. The tail gas after distillation is introduced into the emission system or the circulation system according to its composition, ensuring maximum utilization of resources and reducing environmental pollution.

[0059] Step 5. Gas circulation and tail gas emission: After the tail gas fractionation treatment, the tail gas that does not participate in the distillation is recovered through the gas circulation system. These tail gases will not be discharged directly, but will be guided back to the system for reprocessing to further optimize the utilization efficiency of resources. For the excess tail gas that cannot be further processed, it will be purified by high-efficiency environmental protection equipment to ensure that it meets the emission standards to the external environment, effectively reducing waste gas emissions, improving the recycling rate of waste gas, and achieving the dual goals of environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0060] Step 6. System monitoring and dynamic adjustment: The system operating status is monitored in real time through the automatic control unit and sensors, and key data such as temperature, pressure, and flow are collected. According to the monitored operating data, the automatic control unit dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each module through the set control strategy to maintain the optimal working state of the system. Through intelligent adjustment, the system can quickly respond to load fluctuations or abnormal operation, and adjust the operation between modules in time to avoid performance deviations, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the entire system. The system monitoring and dynamic adjustment function not only improves the overall efficiency, but also ensures the long-term safe and reliable operation of the system, reduces human intervention, and improves the automation level of the system.

Claims

1. A purification and recovery system for coking waste gas, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Cooling and separation module, used for cooling oil and gas and separating gas and liquid; Process control and optimization module, used to adjust the condensation process of the condenser and optimize the condensation efficiency; The exhaust gas deep treatment module is used to deeply cool the cooled exhaust gas, remove solid particles and adjust the pressure; The fractionation and resource recovery module is used to fractionate the tail gas and recover valuable oil and gas components; Gas circulation and tail gas emission module, used to recover and recycle tail gas that has not participated in fractionation for emission treatment; The system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module is used to monitor the system operation status in real time and adjust the operation parameters between modules.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cooling and separation module also includes that during the coking process, the high-temperature oil and gas generated by the coke tower first enters the contact cooling tower and is initially cooled by liquid circulation. Subsequently, the oil and gas are further cooled by air coolers and water coolers to reach the target temperature. In the liquid separator, the cooled oil and gas are separated into gas phase and liquid phase, providing a clear separation interface for subsequent processing. During the cooling process, the oil and gas temperature is calculated by a heat exchange model to ensure that the cooling efficiency is maintained during the multi-stage cooling process. The cooling process follows the thermodynamics and fluid mechanics coupling model: Where T is the fluid temperature, h is the heat transfer coefficient, m is the mass flow rate, c p is the specific heat, T ∞ is the ambient temperature, C is a constant that depends on the properties of the fluid, p is the gas pressure, ρ is the fluid density, P ∞ It's environmental pressure.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The process control and optimization module also includes adjusting the condensation process of the condenser by controlling the valve group to optimize the condensation efficiency. The module dynamically adjusts the condensation process according to the change of the air flow rate to ensure the stability and efficiency of the condenser operation. The automatic control algorithm is used to adjust the valve opening and the condensation temperature so that the condensation efficiency is optimally adjusted under different air flow conditions, thereby improving the heat exchange performance of the overall system and ensuring the stability and economy of the condensation process.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The tail gas deep treatment module also includes deep cooling of the cooled tail gas to reduce the water content and remove the coke powder. The module adjusts the pressure through the pressure control valve group and divides the tail gas into two routes to enter the fractionation system. First, the tail gas enters the buffer tank for re-cooling to further reduce the water content therein. Then, it passes through the coke removal device to remove the solid particles in the tail gas. The treated tail gas will pass through two branches regulated by the pressure control valve and enter the gas phase equilibrium line of the raw material buffer tank and the fractionation tower for fractionation treatment, thereby achieving deep purification and resource recovery of the tail gas. The tail gas treatment process follows the dual coupling dynamic model: Where C is the concentration of coke powder in the exhaust gas, T is the current exhaust gas temperature, T0 is the reference temperature, k1 and k2 are reaction rate constants, n is the temperature dependence index of the reaction rate, (C ∞ -C) is the maximum concentration of the tail gas after cooling, and τ is the mass transfer time.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The distillation and resource recovery module also includes fractionating the tail gas through a distillation tower to recover valuable oil and gas components. The module can accurately control the temperature and pressure of the distillation tower, separate the different components in the oil and gas through the distillation process, and recover the valuable components. The remaining tail gas enters the emission system after treatment or is recovered through the circulation system to ensure that the valuable components are maximized and the unrecovered tail gas is treated in an environmentally friendly manner.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas circulation and exhaust gas emission module also includes partial recovery and recycling of exhaust gas. Exhaust gas that does not participate in distillation can be discharged through an exhaust gas emission pipeline, or reintroduced into the system for treatment. The module recovers exhaust gas that does not participate in distillation through a gas circulation system and redirects it into the system for treatment, thereby reducing the overall exhaust gas emissions of the system. After the exhaust gas that has not been distilled is collected, it is purified through an efficient environmental protection device to meet the emission standards.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system monitoring and dynamic adjustment module also includes real-time monitoring of the system operation status through an automated control unit and sensors. The module can collect the operation data of each module in real time and make dynamic adjustments based on the set control strategy. The intelligent adjustment function of the system ensures that the operating parameters between modules remain in the optimal state, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the overall system.

8. A method for purifying and recovering coking waste gas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Cooling and separation: During the coking process, the high-temperature oil and gas generated by the coke tower first enter the contact cooling tower and are initially cooled by liquid circulation. Subsequently, the oil and gas are cooled in multiple stages by air coolers and water coolers to reduce the oil and gas temperature to the target range. Finally, the cooled oil and gas enter the liquid separator to complete the separation of gas phase and liquid phase, providing a clear separation interface for subsequent processing. Step 2: Process control and optimization: The condensation process of the condenser is adjusted by the control valve group. According to the real-time monitored gas flow data, the condensation process is dynamically optimized. By adjusting the opening of the control valve, the condensation efficiency is optimized to ensure that the system can operate efficiently and stably under different gas flow conditions and maintain the best operating state of the condenser. Step 3: Exhaust gas deep treatment: The exhaust gas is first further cooled by the cooling buffer tank to reduce the water content and remove solid particles in the exhaust gas. Then, the exhaust gas pressure is adjusted by the pressure control valve group, and the exhaust gas is divided into two paths, which enter the gas phase equilibrium line of the raw material buffer tank and the distillation tower for subsequent treatment respectively; Step 4: Fractionation and resource recovery: The fractionation tower separates the different components in the tail gas according to the set values ​​of temperature and pressure. The recovered valuable oil and gas components are transported to the recovery unit through pipelines, and the remaining tail gas is introduced into the emission system or circulation system according to the treated components to ensure maximum utilization of resources and reduce emissions; Step 5, gas circulation and tail gas emission: the tail gas that has not participated in the fractionation treatment is recovered through the gas circulation system and introduced into the system for reprocessing. The excess tail gas is purified by the environmental protection device to ensure that it meets the emission standards before being discharged into the external environment. The gas circulation module effectively reduces waste gas emissions and optimizes resource utilization; Step 6. System monitoring and dynamic adjustment: Use automated control units and sensors to monitor the system operating status in real time, collect temperature, pressure and flow data, and dynamically adjust the operating parameters of each module based on the monitored operating status to ensure that the overall system operates in an efficient and stable state. Through system monitoring, performance deviations caused by load fluctuations or abnormal operations can be quickly identified and adjusted to ensure the long-term safe and reliable operation of the system.

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