Preparation method of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite extruded material

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extruded material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1) respectively heating a flow guide cast ingot and a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material cast ingot; heating an extrusion cylinder of an extruder, and heating a mold of the extruder; and S2, the heated flow guide cast ingot is placed in an extruding machine to be extruded, the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite cast ingot is placed in the extruding machine to be extruded when extrusion of the flow guide cast ingot is not completed, and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite extruded material is obtained. The problems that the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite ingot is difficult to deform, and mold blockage, cracking and even breakage are prone to occurring in the extrusion deformation process are solved by introducing flow guide extrusion and researching the extrusion process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, and in particular to a method for preparing a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion material. Background Art

[0002] As a heat-strengthening aluminum alloy, aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloys can significantly enhance the strength of the aluminum matrix by regulating the dissolution and precipitation behavior of Cu, Zn, and Mg alloying elements within the aluminum matrix through solution-aging heat treatment. This results in the formation of dispersed, fine alloy precipitates within the aluminum alloy. However, the elastic modulus of aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloys is generally low, failing to meet the high specific stiffness and high specific modulus requirements of metal structural materials for major national projects.

[0003] The particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by adding TiB2 ceramic particles to aluminum alloy has the characteristics of high hardness, high elastic modulus, low resistivity, and low thermal expansion coefficient. Therefore, it can refine the grains, significantly improve the strength and modulus of the aluminum alloy, and improve the mechanical properties of the composite material. On the other hand, the introduction of semi-coherent TiB2 particles brings a large number of dislocations and lattice distortions to the interior of the aluminum grains. These dislocations and lattice distortions caused by the introduction of the second phase can reduce the resistance of free electrons to move inside the grains, thereby improving the conductivity of the composite material. And through the coordinated regulation of subsequent processing deformation, heat treatment and other processes, the comprehensive performance of the product is further improved. Therefore, the TiB2 ceramic particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material (TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material) has high specific strength and specific modulus, comparable to aluminum-lithium alloy, but the cost is 1 / 3 of that of aluminum-lithium alloy, showing performance that is incomparable to single aluminum alloy or polymer material, enabling it to meet the needs of certain key components.

[0004] Compared with ingots prepared by traditional melting and casting methods such as semi-continuous casting, TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingots prepared by powder metallurgy spray forming have the advantages of being able to cast ingots of larger specifications, dissolve more alloy elements, and have almost no macro / micro segregation. However, the spray-formed ingots have poor plasticity and contain porosity. At the same time, the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material has high specific strength and specific modulus and is difficult to deform, which leads to problems such as easy mold clogging or cracking and breakage of the extruded product during subsequent extrusion deformation.

[0005] In summary, the powder injection molded TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot has poor plasticity, is prone to cracking during deformation processing, has high strength, and has a large width-to-thickness ratio of the finished product, making it difficult to deform by extrusion. Therefore, the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot is prone to cracking and mold blocking during the extrusion process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion materials. The preparation method provided in this application can solve the problems of difficult deformation of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingots, easy mold clogging, cracking and even breakage during the extrusion deformation process.

[0007] In view of this, the present application provides a method for preparing a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1) heating the ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot to 390-430° C. respectively;

[0009] Heat the extrusion barrel of the extruder to 390-430°C and the die of the extruder to 400-450°C;

[0010] S2) placing the heated ingot in an extruder for extrusion, and when the extrusion of the ingot is not completed, placing the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion material.

[0011] Preferably, the diversion ingot is selected from 7xxx aluminum alloy ingots.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1), the flow-injected ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot are heated to 400-420° C. respectively, and the heating time is ≥600 min.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1), the extrusion barrel is heated to 400-420°C.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1), the mold is heated to 420-450°C.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1), the extrusion speed of the heated ingot is 0.1-1.5 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.2-2.0 mm / sec.

[0016] Preferably, the timing of extruding the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot is when 1 / 3 of the heated ingot remains unextruded.

[0017] Preferably, the extrusion speed of the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot is 0.01 to 0.15 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.01 to 0.12 mm / sec.

[0018] Preferably, the extrusion speed of the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot is 0.03-0.07 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.05-0.10 mm / sec.

[0019] Preferably, the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot comprises: Si≤0.12wt%, Fe≤0.15wt%, Cu2.0~2.8wt%, Mn≤0.10wt%, Mg 1.90~2.80wt%, Cr≤0.04wt%, Zn 6.20~7.20wt%, Ti 2.70~4.50wt%, B 1.0~2.0wt%, and the balance is Al.

[0020] The present application provides a method for preparing TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusions, which comprises first heating a guide ingot and a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot to 380-450°C, respectively, and simultaneously heating the extrusion barrel of an extruder to 400-450°C and the die of the extruder to 400-500°C. The heated guide ingot is then extruded and the composite material ingot is subjected to guide extrusion, thereby obtaining TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusions. In the preparation process of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusions, the temperatures of the guide ingot and the composite material ingot are first controlled, and the temperatures of the extrusion barrel and the die in the extruder are simultaneously controlled, thereby ensuring the quality of the extrusions. The introduction of the guide extrusion method of the guide ingot during the extrusion process can effectively avoid the occurrence of cracking and die blocking problems of the composite material ingot during the extrusion process.

[0021] Furthermore, during the extrusion process, the present application adopts a matching extrusion ratio, extrusion temperature and extrusion speed, and cooperates with the diversion extrusion method to greatly improve the surface quality of the ultra-long TiB2 / 7050 particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material strip, effectively solving the problem of cracking or even breakage of the strip during the extrusion process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A photo of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material with an ultra-large aspect ratio of 610*50mm prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a photo of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a photo of a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm prepared in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a physical photo of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm prepared in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

[0027] In view of the fact that the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingots in the prior art have poor plasticity and are prone to cracking during deformation processing, and that particle-reinforced aluminum alloys have high strength and a large width-to-thickness ratio, are difficult to deform by extrusion and are prone to cracking, the present application provides a method for preparing a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion. The preparation method provided by the present application greatly improves the surface quality of ultra-long TiB2 / 7050 particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material extrusions by introducing a diverter ingot and regulating relevant parameters during the extrusion process, effectively solving the problem of cracking or even breaking during the extrusion process. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for preparing a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1) heating the ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot to 390-430° C. respectively;

[0029] Heat the extrusion barrel of the extruder to 390-430°C and the die of the extruder to 400-450°C;

[0030] S2) placing the heated ingot in an extruder for extrusion, and when the extrusion of the ingot is not completed, placing the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion material.

[0031] In the process of preparing TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusions, the present application first heats the diversion ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot to 390-430°C respectively; the diversion ingot can be used as long as it can achieve diversion extrusion. In a specific embodiment, the diversion ingot is selected from 7xxx aluminum alloy ingots. There is no special restriction on the preparation method of the diversion ingot, and it can be prepared according to methods familiar to those skilled in the art. There is no special restriction on the preparation method of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot in this application, and it can be prepared according to methods familiar to those skilled in the art. The heating temperature is specifically 400-420°C, and more specifically, the heating temperature is 400°C, 410°C or 420°C.

[0032] The present application simultaneously heats the extruder barrel to 390-430°C and the extruder die to 400-450°C. Heating the barrel and die to these temperatures prevents cracking caused by large temperature differences during extrusion of the composite ingot. Specifically, the barrel is heated to 400-420°C, and the die to 410-440°C. In an embodiment, the die is heated to a slightly higher temperature than the barrel.

[0033] According to the present invention, the heated guide ingot is then placed in an extruder for extrusion. The extrusion process of the guide ingot is carried out according to a method well known to those skilled in the art, and this application has no particular restrictions. Specifically, the extrusion speed of the heated guide ingot is 0.1 to 1.5 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.2 to 2.0 mm / sec. More specifically, the extrusion speed of the heated guide ingot is 0.8 to 1.1 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.4 to 1.2 mm / sec. When the extrusion of the guide ingot is not completed, the heated composite material ingot is placed in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion. Specifically, when 1 / 3 of the guide ingot is left unextruded, the heated composite material ingot is placed in an extruder, and the composite material ingot is extruded on the basis of the extrusion of the guide ingot. The extrusion speed is 0.01 to 0.15 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.01 to 0.12 mm / sec. More specifically, the extrusion speed is 0.03 to 0.07 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.05 to 0.10 mm / sec. More specifically, the extrusion speed is 0.04 to 0.06 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.06 to 0.08 mm / sec. The ingot casting process, which draws the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot out of the extrusion equipment outlet, effectively prevents cracking and mold blockage during the extrusion process. At the same time, for TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite materials with high specific strength, high specific modulus and poor plasticity, the extrusion ratio, extrusion temperature (ingot insulation temperature, extrusion barrel constant temperature, mold temperature) and extrusion speed all greatly affect the quality of the extruded material. Selecting an appropriate extrusion ratio, controlling the extrusion temperature, reducing the extrusion speed, and doing a good job of front-end traction during the extrusion process can greatly improve the surface quality of ultra-long TiB2 / 7050 particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material strips and effectively solve the problem of cracking or even breakage of the strips during the extrusion process.

[0034] In the present application, the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot includes: Si≤0.12wt%, Fe≤0.15wt%, Cu 2.0~2.8wt%, Mn≤0.10wt%, Mg1.90~2.80wt%, Cr≤0.04wt%, Zn 6.20~7.20wt%, Ti 2.70~4.50wt%, B1.0~2.0wt%, and the balance is Al.

[0035] Since TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite materials have high specific strength and specific modulus and are difficult to deform, TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite materials are prone to mold clogging, cracking, and breakage during extrusion deformation. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite materials, the present application provides a preparation method of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion materials, which effectively avoids the occurrence of cracking and mold clogging during the extrusion of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite materials by introducing a guide ingot for guided extrusion and adapting parameters before and during extrusion.

[0036] In order to further understand the present invention, the preparation method of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The preparation of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite extrusion strips with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Extrusion process:

[0040] 11) Check the surface quality of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot to ensure that the surface of the ingot is smooth and free of oil stains, impurities and other foreign matter;

[0041] 12) placing the 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite ingot in an induction furnace and heating them at a temperature of 400-420° C. for 600 min;

[0042] 13) The constant temperature range of the extrusion barrel is 400-420℃, and the mold heating constant temperature is 440-450℃;

[0043] 14) The heated ingot was placed in a 12500T horizontal extruder and extruded at a reasonable extrusion speed for the ingot, which was 0.8 m / min and a shaft speed of 1.23 mm / s;

[0044] 15) When 1 / 3 of the ingot remains unextruded, transfer the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot for 10 minutes and place it in the extruder. Set the product speed to 0.05-0.06 m / min and the shaft speed to 0.08-0.09 mm / sec.

[0045] 16) Pay attention to the front end outlet of the extruded material. When the end of the guide alloy strip pulls the TiB2 / 7050 alloy strip out of the front end outlet of the extruder and reaches the extruder traction equipment, use the traction machine to pull it in time;

[0046] 17) After all the TiB2 / 7050 ingots are extruded, use 6xxx short ingots to push the material, apply more oil to the mold entrance section, push out the metal in the mold, and facilitate the separation of the mold and material.

[0047] The edge quality of the extruded material prepared in this embodiment is good, and no obvious cracking is observed. Figure 1 shown.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] The preparation of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite extrusion strips with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm includes the following steps:

[0050] (1) Extrusion process:

[0051] 11) Check the surface quality of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot to ensure that the surface of the ingot is smooth and free of oil stains, impurities and other foreign matter;

[0052] 12) The TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite ingot was placed in an induction furnace and heated at a temperature of 380°C for 600 min.

[0053] 13) The constant temperature range of the extrusion barrel is 380℃, and the mold heating constant temperature is 440~450℃;

[0054] 14) The heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot was transferred for 10 minutes and then placed in an extruder, with the product speed set to 0.20 m / min and the shaft speed to 0.08-0.09 mm / sec;

[0055] 15) Pay attention to the front end outlet of the extruded material. When the end of the guide alloy strip pulls the TiB2 / 7050 alloy strip out of the front end outlet of the extruder and reaches the extruder traction equipment, use the traction machine to pull it in time;

[0056] 16) After all the TiB2 / 7050 ingots are extruded, 6xxx short ingots are used to push the material. The mold entrance section is oiled more to push out the metal in the mold and facilitate the separation of the mold and material.

[0057] The head end of the extruded material prepared in this embodiment was split, the mold was blocked, and layered blooming occurred at the end of the ingot. Figure 2 shown.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] The preparation of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite extrusion strips with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm includes the following steps:

[0060] (1) Extrusion process:

[0061] 11) Check the surface quality of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot to ensure that the surface of the ingot is smooth and free of oil stains, impurities and other foreign matter;

[0062] 12) placing the 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite ingot in an induction furnace for heating at a temperature of 380° C. for 600 min;

[0063] 13) The constant temperature range of the extrusion barrel is 380℃, and the mold heating constant temperature is 420~440℃;

[0064] 14) The heated ingot was placed in a 12500T horizontal extruder and extruded at a reasonable extrusion speed for the ingot, which was 0.8 m / min and a shaft speed of 1.23 mm / s;

[0065] 15) When 1 / 3 of the ingot remains unextruded, transfer the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot for 10 minutes and place it in the extruder. Set the product speed to 0.20 m / min and the shaft speed to 0.08-0.09 mm / sec.

[0066] 16) Pay attention to the front end outlet of the extruded material. When the end of the guide alloy strip pulls the TiB2 / 7050 alloy strip out of the front end outlet of the extruder and reaches the extruder traction equipment, use the traction machine to pull it in time;

[0067] 17) After all the TiB2 / 7050 ingots are extruded, use 6xxx short ingots to push the material, apply more oil to the mold entrance section, push out the metal in the mold, and facilitate the separation of the mold and material.

[0068] The edges of the extruded material prepared in this embodiment were severely cracked, with a maximum depth of about 10 mm. Figure 3 shown.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] The preparation of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite extrusion strips with an ultra-large width-to-thickness ratio of 610*50mm includes the following steps:

[0071] (1) Extrusion process:

[0072] 11) Check the surface quality of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot to ensure that the surface of the ingot is smooth and free of oil stains, impurities and other foreign matter;

[0073] 12) placing the 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite ingot in an induction furnace and heating them at a temperature of 400° C. for 600 min;

[0074] 13) The constant temperature range of the extrusion barrel is 400℃, and the mold heating constant temperature is 440~450℃;

[0075] 14) The heated ingot was placed in a 12500T horizontal extruder and extruded at a reasonable extrusion speed for the ingot, which was 0.8 m / min and a shaft speed of 1.23 mm / s;

[0076] 15) When 1 / 3 of the ingot remains unextruded, transfer the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingot for 10 minutes and place it in the extruder. Set the product speed to 0.20 m / min and the shaft speed to 0.08-0.09 mm / sec.

[0077] 16) Pay attention to the front end outlet of the extruded material. When the end of the guide alloy strip pulls the TiB2 / 7050 alloy strip out of the front end outlet of the extruder and reaches the extruder traction equipment, use the traction machine to pull it in time;

[0078] 17) After all the TiB2 / 7050 ingots are extruded, use 6xxx short ingots to push the material, apply more oil to the mold entrance section, push out the metal in the mold, and facilitate the separation of the mold and material.

[0079] The extruded material prepared in this embodiment has local cracks on the edge, with a maximum depth of about 4 mm on one side. Figure 4 shown.

[0080] The compositions of the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite ingots in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1;

[0081] Table 1 Composition data of TiB2 / 7050 aluminum matrix composite ingot

[0082]

[0083] The above embodiments are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that, without departing from the principles of the present invention, a number of improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0084] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite extrusion material, comprising the following steps: S1) heating the ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot to 390-430° C. respectively; Heat the extrusion barrel of the extruder to 390-430°C, and heat the die of the extruder to 400-450°C; S2) placing the heated ingot in an extruder for extrusion, and when the extrusion of the ingot is not completed, placing the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material extrusion material.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion ingot is selected from 7xxx aluminum alloy ingots.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), the flow-guided ingot and the TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot are heated to 400-420° C. respectively, and the heating time is ≥600 min.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), the extrusion barrel is heated to 400-420°C.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), the mold is heated to 420-450°C.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1), the extrusion speed of the heated ingot is 0.1-1.5 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.2-2.0 mm / sec.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing for extruding the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot is when the remaining 1 / 3 of the heated ingot is not extruded.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion speed of the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot is 0.01-0.15 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.01-0.12 mm / sec.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The extrusion speed of the heated TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot is 0.03-0.07 m / min, and the shaft speed is 0.05-0.10 mm / sec.

10. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TiB2 / 7050 aluminum-based composite material ingot comprises: Si≤0.12wt%, Fe≤0.15wt%, Cu 2.0-2.8wt%, Mn≤0.10wt%, Mg 1.90-2.80wt%, Cr≤0.04wt%, Zn 6.20-7.20wt%, Ti 2.70-4.50wt%, B 1.0-2.0wt%, and the balance is Al.

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