Organic water-soluble fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an organic water-soluble fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components: a tobacco water extract concentrate, a plant nutrient material and an auxiliary material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a tobacco water extraction concentrate by adopting a hot water extraction method; and (2) mixing the tobacco water extract concentrate, the plant nutrient material and the auxiliary material to obtain the organic water-soluble fertilizer. The tobacco water extract concentrate is used as a main raw material of the organic water-soluble fertilizer, tobacco byproducts are effectively converted into the valuable organic water-soluble fertilizer, the problem of environmental pollution is solved, the sustainability of agricultural production is improved, cyclic utilization of resources is achieved, and large-scale popularization and application are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers and relates to an organic water-soluble fertilizer, in particular to an organic water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In today's world, human beings are facing three major crises: food shortage, environmental degradation, and energy shortage. In order to solve the food problem, countries have applied large amounts of chemical fertilizers for many years. With the continuous increase in the amount of chemical fertilizers used, various soil problems have emerged one after another. The soil fertility has decreased, seriously affecting the growth and development of crops; the living conditions of soil microorganisms have deteriorated (carbon-nitrogen ratio imbalance), and diseases have occurred frequently; soil acidification and compaction have worsened, bringing serious adverse effects on agricultural production.

[0003] Organic water-soluble fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer that can be dissolved in water. As a multi-component compound fertilizer that can be quickly dissolved in water, it has many advantages such as easy absorption and quick effect. Therefore, organic water-soluble fertilizer can increase the absorption of nutrients by crops in each major growth period, reduce the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, thereby reducing the pollution to the soil environment, and at the same time promote the absorption of nutrients in the soil by the roots of crops, improve the agronomic traits of crops, and ultimately significantly increase crop yields.

[0004] At present, the organic water-soluble fertilizers sold on the market are fertilizers made from organic resources such as free amino acids, seaweed extracts, chitosan, polyglutamic acid, polyaspartic acid, molasses, low-value fish and fermentation degradation products as the main raw materials. There are no organic water-soluble fertilizer products that specifically use tobacco by-product water extract concentrate as the main characteristic raw material.

[0005] According to statistics, the tobacco industry produces a large amount of tobacco stems during tobacco leaf redrying, accounting for about 1 / 3 of the total tobacco leaf purchase volume. Among them, the consumption of tobacco industry stems, the consumption of reconstituted tobacco industry, and the import and export of tobacco stems account for about 30%, and the remaining 70%, or about 20% of the total tobacco leaf purchase volume, is discarded. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to promote the reduction and resource utilization of waste in all links of the tobacco industry, explore and enhance the utilization value of tobacco biological resources, and study and form an economical, efficient, and circular tobacco multi-purpose utilization model.

[0006] The water-extracted concentrate of tobacco byproducts has been preliminarily tested, and the water-soluble organic matter content in the product is more than 15%. The small molecule carbon in 1 ton of stem extract is equivalent to the small molecule carbon in 30-50 tons of organic fertilizer, which is the product with the highest small molecule carbon content. It also contains mineral nutrients such as Fe, Cu, Mn, K, Mg and S, and active substances such as malic acid, citric acid, guaiacol and proline. Proline is an important coordinating substance for plant drought resistance and an ideal fertilizer material for plants in adverse environments.

[0007] It can be seen that how to use the by-products of tobacco leaf redrying to prepare organic water-soluble fertilizers has become an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, using tobacco water extract concentrate as the main raw material of the organic water-soluble fertilizer, effectively converting tobacco by-products into valuable organic water-soluble fertilizers, which not only solves the problem of environmental pollution, but also improves the sustainability of agricultural production, realizes the recycling of resources, and is conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0009] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an organic water-soluble fertilizer, the components of which include tobacco water extract concentrate, plant nutrient materials and auxiliary materials.

[0011] The present invention adopts tobacco water extract concentrate as the main raw material of the organic water-soluble fertilizer, which is convenient for absorption and utilization by soil microorganisms and plant roots, fully retains the activity of nutrients, improves soil pH value, increases the organic matter, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen content of rhizosphere soil, improves CAT enzyme activity and urease activity in rhizosphere soil, reduces the content of heavy metals arsenic, lead, cadmium and chromium in the soil, significantly increases the richness of beneficial bacteria, increases per mu yield, solves the problem of environmental pollution, improves the sustainability of agricultural production, realizes the recycling of resources, and is conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0012] Preferably, the water-extracted raw material of the tobacco water-extracted concentrate includes tobacco redrying by-products, more preferably tobacco stems.

[0013] Preferably, the density of the tobacco water extract concentrate is 1.15-1.25 g / cm 3 , for example, it can be 1.15 g / cm 3 , 1.16g / cm 3 , 1.17g / cm 3 , 1.18g / cm 3 , 1.19g / cm 3 , 1.20g / cm 3 , 1.21g / cm 3 , 1.22g / cm 3 , 1.23g / cm 3 , 1.24g / cm 3 or 1.25g / cm 3 , but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0014] Preferably, the plant nutrient material comprises a macro-element material, a secondary element material and a trace element material.

[0015] Preferably, the macroelement material includes a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source and a potassium source, and the nitrogen source includes any one of amine nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen or amide nitrogen, or a combination of at least two of them. Typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of amine nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, a combination of nitrate nitrogen and amide nitrogen, a combination of amine nitrogen and amide nitrogen, or a combination of amine nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and amide nitrogen.

[0016] In the present invention, the amine nitrogen can be selected from ammonia water and / or ammonium bicarbonate, the nitrate nitrogen can be selected from potassium nitrate and / or calcium nitrate, and the amide nitrogen can be selected from urea, but it is not limited to the above materials, as long as they can serve as a nitrogen source.

[0017] In the present invention, the phosphorus source may be potassium dihydrogen phosphate and / or ammonium polyphosphate, but is not limited to the above materials, as long as they can serve as a phosphorus source.

[0018] In the present invention, the potassium source can be potassium dihydrogen phosphate and / or potassium nitrate, but is not limited to the above materials, as long as they can be used as a potassium source.

[0019] Preferably, the elements contained in the intermediate element material include any one or a combination of at least two of calcium, magnesium, sulfur or silicon. Typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of calcium and magnesium, a combination of magnesium and sulfur, a combination of sulfur and silicon, a combination of calcium, magnesium and sulfur, a combination of magnesium, sulfur and silicon, or a combination of calcium, magnesium, sulfur and silicon.

[0020] Specifically, the intermediate element material can be any one of calcium nitrate, chelated calcium, magnesium nitrate or chelated magnesium, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0021] Preferably, the elements contained in the trace element material include any one of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, chlorine or nickel, or a combination of at least two of them. Typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of iron and zinc, a combination of zinc and copper, a combination of copper and manganese, a combination of manganese and boron, a combination of boron and molybdenum, a combination of molybdenum and chlorine, or a combination of chlorine and nickel.

[0022] Specifically, the trace element material can be selected from any one of ferrous sulfate, chelated iron, zinc nitrate, chelated zinc, cupric sulfate, chelated copper, manganese sulfate, chelated manganese, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate or ammonium molybdate, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0023] Preferably, the macro-element material, the medium-element material and the trace element material are all nutrient materials soluble in water.

[0024] Preferably, the auxiliary material includes any one of a suspending agent, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent or an antifreeze agent, or a combination of at least two thereof. Typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of a suspending agent and a dispersing agent, a combination of a dispersing agent and a wetting agent, a combination of a wetting agent and an antifreeze agent, a combination of a suspending agent, a dispersing agent and a wetting agent, a combination of a dispersing agent, a wetting agent and an antifreeze agent, or a combination of a suspending agent, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent and an antifreeze agent.

[0025] In the present invention, the suspending agent can be bentonite and / or modified starch, the dispersing agent can be sodium dodecyl sulfate, the wetting agent can be polyacrylamide, and the antifreeze can be propylene glycol, but they are not limited to the above materials, as long as they can be used as auxiliary materials.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the organic water-soluble fertilizer as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0027] (1) preparing a tobacco water extract concentrate by a hot water extraction method;

[0028] (2) Mixing the tobacco water extract concentrate, plant nutrient materials and auxiliary materials to obtain an organic water-soluble fertilizer.

[0029] Preferably, the method for preparing the tobacco water extract concentrate in step (1) comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1.1) crushing and removing impurities and dust from tobacco redrying byproducts in sequence to obtain water extraction raw materials;

[0031] (1.2) subjecting the water-extracted raw material to hot water extraction and solid-liquid separation in sequence to obtain a water-extracted raw liquid;

[0032] (1.3) The aqueous extract is evaporated and concentrated and the density is adjusted in sequence to obtain a tobacco aqueous extract concentrate.

[0033] Preferably, the target particle size of the crushing treatment in step (1.1) is ≤3 cm, for example, it can be 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm or 3 cm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0034] Preferably, the impurity and dust removal method in step (1.1) includes wind dust removal to reduce material dust and maintain a good working environment.

[0035] Preferably, the temperature of the hot water extraction in step (1.2) is 50-80°C, for example, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C or 80°C, the time is 30-60min, for example, 30min, 35min, 40min, 45min, 50min, 55min or 60min, and the solid-liquid ratio is 5-8g / mL, for example, 5g / mL, 5.5g / mL, 6g / mL, 6.5g / mL, 7g / mL, 7.5g / mL or 8g / mL, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0036] Preferably, the solid-liquid separation in step (1.2) comprises screw pressing, static stratification and vacuum filtration performed in sequence.

[0037] In the present invention, the spiral pressing sufficiently reduces the moisture content of tobacco stems, the vacuum filtration reduces the proportion of fine fibers in the upper liquid, and the preferred filter material is coniferous pulp.

[0038] Preferably, the evaporation concentration in step (1.3) adopts a mechanical vapor recompression falling film evaporation system, which is beneficial to retaining the characteristic components in the extract and reducing energy consumption.

[0039] In the present invention, the mechanical vapor recompression falling film evaporation system is a conventional evaporation concentration system in the art, and as long as it can achieve the function of evaporation concentration, the detailed structure of the above system is not particularly limited herein.

[0040] Preferably, the mixing method in step (2) comprises the following steps:

[0041] (2.1) sequentially steam-heating, cooling and centrifuging the tobacco water extract concentrate to obtain a mother liquor;

[0042] (2.2) adding the auxiliary material into hot water and stirring evenly to obtain a first intermediate;

[0043] (2.3) adding the nutrient material to the mother liquor and stirring to dissolve, thereby obtaining a second intermediate;

[0044] (2.4) The first intermediate is added to the second intermediate and sheared and dispersed, and the organic water-soluble fertilizer is obtained after standing and stabilizing.

[0045] Preferably, the steam heating in step (2.1) is carried out in a closed reactor, and the heating temperature is 80-130°C, for example, it can be 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C or 130°C, and the heating time is 10-30min, for example, it can be 10min, 12min, 14min, 16min, 18min, 20min, 22min, 24min, 26min, 28min or 30min, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0046] Preferably, the target temperature of the cooling in step (2.1) is 50-70°C, for example, it can be 50°C, 52°C, 54°C, 56°C, 58°C, 60°C, 62°C, 64°C, 66°C, 68°C or 70°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0047] Preferably, the temperature of the hot water in step (2.2) is 60-70°C, for example, it can be 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C, 67°C, 68°C, 69°C or 70°C, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a use of the organic water-soluble fertilizer as described in the first aspect, wherein the organic water-soluble fertilizer is used for fertilization operations in tobacco planting.

[0049] The numerical range described in the present invention not only includes the point values ​​listed above, but also includes any point values ​​between the above numerical ranges that are not listed. Due to space limitations and for the sake of simplicity, the present invention no longer exhaustively lists the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] The present invention adopts tobacco water extract concentrate as the main raw material of the organic water-soluble fertilizer, which is convenient for absorption and utilization by soil microorganisms and plant roots, fully retains the activity of nutrients, improves soil pH value, increases the organic matter, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen content of rhizosphere soil, improves CAT enzyme activity and urease activity in rhizosphere soil, reduces the content of heavy metals arsenic, lead, cadmium and chromium in the soil, significantly increases the richness of beneficial bacteria, increases per mu yield, solves the problem of environmental pollution, improves the sustainability of agricultural production, realizes the recycling of resources, and is conducive to large-scale promotion and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated below through specific implementation methods.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment provides an organic water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the components of the organic water-soluble fertilizer include tobacco water extract concentrate, plant nutrient materials and auxiliary materials. The water-extracted raw materials of the tobacco water extract concentrate include tobacco redrying byproducts, specifically tobacco stems, and the density of the tobacco water extract concentrate is 1.24 g / cm 3 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the plant nutrient materials are potassium nitrate, urea, potassium sulfate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, chelated zinc and sodium octaborate tetrahydrate; the auxiliary agent material is bentonite as a suspending agent.

[0056] The preparation method of the organic water-soluble fertilizer provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0057] (1) crushing tobacco stems to an average particle size of less than 3 cm, and removing dust by wind to obtain a water extraction raw material;

[0058] (2) extracting the water-extractable raw material with hot water, controlling the temperature of the hot water to 65° C., the extraction time to 40 min, and the solid-liquid ratio to 6 g / mL, followed by screw pressing, static stratification, and vacuum filtration to obtain a water-extracted stock solution;

[0059] (3) The water stock solution was evaporated and concentrated using a mechanical vapor recompression falling film evaporation system, and the density of the concentrated solution was then adjusted to 1.24 g / cm 3 , obtaining a tobacco water extract concentrate;

[0060] (4) pumping the tobacco water extract concentrate into a sealed reactor for steam heating, and controlling the heating temperature to be 120° C. for a heating time of 20 min, and then cooling to 70° C. and centrifuging to obtain a mother liquor;

[0061] (5) adding 0.5 parts of bentonite to 12 parts of hot water at 70° C. and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a first intermediate;

[0062] (6) 65 parts of the mother liquor are pumped into the reactor, and then 5 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 6 parts of urea, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 parts of chelated zinc and 0.5 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate are added to the reactor in sequence, and the mixture is stirred and dissolved to obtain a second intermediate;

[0063] (7) The first intermediate is added to the second intermediate and sheared and dispersed for 40 minutes, and then the resulting suspension is allowed to stand and canned to obtain an organic water-soluble fertilizer.

[0064] After testing, the components of the tobacco water extract concentrate obtained in step (3) of this embodiment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0065] Table 1

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Application Example 1

[0069] This application example uses the organic water-soluble fertilizer obtained in Example 1 to carry out a tobacco planting plot test. The test is divided into two varieties of tobacco: Yunyan 87 and flue-cured tobacco K13, and 5 treatments are set respectively, including: CK-conventional fertilization control, T1-organic water-soluble fertilizer application rate is 1500kg / hm 2 , T2-organic water-soluble fertilizer application rate is 1125kg / hm 2 , T3-organic water-soluble fertilizer application rate is 750kg / hm 2 , T4-organic water-soluble fertilizer application rate is 375kg / hm 2 .

[0070] Among them, the treatment of Yunyan 87 variety is represented by the letter A (for example, T1 treatment is represented by A1, T2 treatment is represented by A2, and so on), and the treatment of flue-cured tobacco K13 variety is represented by the letter B (for example, T1 treatment is represented by B1, T2 treatment is represented by B2, and so on).

[0071] The growth period, agronomic traits, economic traits, disease occurrence and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves under different treatments were investigated and analyzed. The relevant analysis results are as follows:

[0072] 1. Regarding Yunyan 87 variety:

[0073] (1) The plant heights of treatments A1 and A2 were significantly higher than those of treatment CK. Treatments A1, A2, and A3 all increased stem circumference, and the number of effective leaves was A1>CK>A2>A3>A4. Treatment A1 significantly increased the maximum leaf width. Treatments A3 and A4 delayed the clustering and vigorous growth stages of Yunyan 87 by 2 days, and advanced the maturity of the foot leaves and the opening of the central flower by 2 days.

[0074] (2) The incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus in treatment A4 was the lowest, which was 2.59% lower than that in treatment CK. <A3<A2<A1<CK。

[0075] (3) In terms of soil physicochemical enzyme activity, treatments A1, A2, and A4 significantly increased soil pH. A2 had the highest organic matter and total potassium contents, A4 had the highest ammonium nitrogen content, and A3 had the highest nitrate nitrogen content. The treatment with organic water-soluble fertilizers could reduce the soil bulk density of Yunyan 87 tobacco-planting soil and increase the mass proportion of water-stable macroaggregates with particle sizes of 0.5 mm-0.25 mm and 1 mm-0.5 mm in tobacco-planting soil. Treatments A1 and A2 increased ACP enzyme activity, A1, A2, and A4 increased urease activity, and A3 increased sucrase activity. The microbial biomass carbon content increased with the increase in the amount of organic water-soluble fertilizers.

[0076] (4) In terms of the chemical composition of post-cured tobacco, the potassium content of the post-cured tobacco treated with A1 increased by 0.13%. The comprehensive evaluation results of the chemical composition of the post-cured tobacco were A4>A1>A2>A3>CK. The A3 treatment could increase the aroma and reduce the smell. The appearance quality and sensory quality of the post-cured tobacco were better. The contents of heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel and selenium in the post-cured tobacco were all reduced. The organic water-soluble fertilizer treatment could reduce the chromium content in the post-cured tobacco.

[0077] (5) From the perspective of economic traits, A3 and A4 treatments increased the yield per mu by 10.78%-12.00%, increased the average price by 2.79 yuan-3.61 yuan, and increased the proportion of medium and high-quality tobacco by 7.25%-9.69%.

[0078] (6) From the perspective of fertilizer apparent utilization rate, treatments A3 and A4 increased the apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer by 72.38% to 79.95%. The apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer first increased and then decreased with the increase of the amount of organic water-soluble fertilizer applied.

[0079] (7) In terms of soil microorganisms, the richness of bacterial communities was significantly increased in the A1 treatment, and bacterial diversity increased with increasing fertilization. The A4 treatment increased beneficial microorganisms such as Sphingomonas, Bryobacter, and Gemmatimonas. The abundance of Mortierella increased by 0.13%-5.03%, and its abundance first increased and then decreased with increasing fertilization.

[0080] 2. For the flue-cured tobacco K13 variety:

[0081] (1) Treatments B1 and B2 increased plant height, stem girth, and maximum leaf width. The number of effective leaves and maximum leaf length increased significantly in treatment B1. Treatment B2 advanced the clustering stage, vigorous growth stage, and budding stage by 2-3 days, and the central flower opening stage by 5 days.

[0082] (2) B3 has the lowest incidence rate and the disease index is B3 <B4<CK<B2<B1。

[0083] (3) In terms of soil physicochemical enzyme activity, the B4 treatment had the highest contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the B2 treatment had the highest contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. The microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass phosphorus increased with the increase of organic water-soluble fertilizer application rate. The organic water-soluble fertilizer treatment could reduce the bulk density of K13 tobacco-growing soil and increase the mass proportion of water-stable macroaggregates with particle sizes of 0.5mm-0.25mm and 2mm-1mm in K13 tobacco-growing soil. The B2 and B4 treatments increased the CAT enzyme activity, and the organic water-soluble fertilizer treatments could increase the urease activity.

[0084] (4) In terms of the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco, the reducing sugar (16.42%) of the B2 treatment was within the standard range of high-quality tobacco. The comprehensive scoring results of the chemical composition of the K13 flue-cured tobacco were B1>B4>B2>CK>B3. The lead content of the flue-cured tobacco treated with organic water-soluble fertilizers was reduced. The arsenic, lead, cadmium and chromium contents of the B2 treatment were all reduced. The total score of the sensory quality evaluation and the appearance quality score of the B2 treatment were the highest, followed by the B1 and B3 treatments.

[0085] (5) From the perspective of economic traits, the B1 and B2 treatments increased the yield per mu by 9.17%-12.47%, the average price of the B1, B2, and B3 treatments increased by 1.9 yuan to 2.38 yuan, and the proportion of medium and high-quality tobacco increased by 2.63%-7.38%.

[0086] (6) From the perspective of fertilizer apparent utilization rate, the apparent utilization rates of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in treatment B3 were the highest, followed by treatments B2 and B1. The apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer first increased and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application amount.

[0087] (7) In terms of soil microorganisms, B3 had the highest bacterial richness. The fungal diversity and uniformity of the B2 treatment were significantly higher than those of the other treatments, and the richness index was significantly higher than that of the CK treatment. In the bacterial community, the B2 treatment increased the richness of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus, Sphingomonas, and Ramlibacter. In the fungal community, compared with the CK treatment, the abundance of Nicotiana and Fusarium decreased in the B2 treatment.

[0088] It can be seen that the present invention adopts tobacco water extract concentrate as the main raw material of organic water-soluble fertilizer, which is convenient for absorption and utilization by soil microorganisms and plant roots, fully retains the activity of nutrients, improves soil pH, increases the organic matter, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen content of rhizosphere soil, improves CAT enzyme activity and urease activity in rhizosphere soil, and reduces the content of heavy metal arsenic, lead, cadmium and chromium in the soil, significantly increases the richness of beneficial bacteria, and increases per mu yield, which not only solves the problem of environmental pollution, but also improves the sustainability of agricultural production, realizes the recycling of resources, and is conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0089] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: The components of the organic water-soluble fertilizer include tobacco water-extracted concentrate, plant nutrient materials and auxiliary materials.

2. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-extracted raw material of the tobacco water-extracted concentrate includes tobacco redrying byproducts, and more preferably tobacco stems; Preferably, the density of the tobacco water extract concentrate is 1.15-1.25 g / cm 3 .

3. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plant nutrient materials include macronutrient materials, medium-nutrient materials and trace-nutrient materials; Preferably, the macronutrient material comprises a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source and a potassium source, and the nitrogen source comprises any one of amine nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen or amide nitrogen or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the elements contained in the intermediate element material include any one or a combination of at least two of calcium, magnesium, sulfur or silicon; Preferably, the trace element material contains any one or a combination of at least two of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, chlorine or nickel; Preferably, the macro-element material, the medium-element material and the trace element material are all nutrient materials soluble in water.

4. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary material includes any one of a suspending agent, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent or an antifreeze agent, or a combination of at least two of them.

5. A method for preparing the organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a tobacco water extract concentrate by a hot water extraction method; (2) Mixing the tobacco water extract concentrate, plant nutrient materials and auxiliary materials to obtain an organic water-soluble fertilizer.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for preparing the tobacco water extract concentrate in step (1) comprises the following steps: (1.1) crushing and removing impurities and dust from tobacco redrying byproducts in sequence to obtain water extraction raw materials; (1.2) subjecting the water-extracted raw material to hot water extraction and solid-liquid separation in sequence to obtain a water-extracted raw liquid; (1.3) The aqueous extract is evaporated and concentrated and the density is adjusted in sequence to obtain a tobacco aqueous extract concentrate.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The target particle size of the crushing process in step (1.1) is ≤3 cm; Preferably, the impurity and dust removal method in step (1.1) includes wind dust removal; Preferably, the temperature of the hot water extraction in step (1.2) is 50-80°C, the time is 30-60min, and the solid-liquid ratio is 5-8g / mL; Preferably, the solid-liquid separation in step (1.2) comprises screw pressing, static stratification and vacuum filtration performed in sequence; Preferably, the evaporation concentration in step (1.3) adopts a mechanical vapor recompression falling film evaporation system.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The mixing method of step (2) comprises the following steps: (2.1) sequentially steam-heating, cooling and centrifuging the tobacco water extract concentrate to obtain a mother liquor; (2.2) adding the auxiliary material into hot water and stirring evenly to obtain a first intermediate; (2.3) adding the nutrient material to the mother liquor and stirring to dissolve, thereby obtaining a second intermediate; (2.4) The first intermediate is added to the second intermediate and sheared and dispersed, and the organic water-soluble fertilizer is obtained after standing and stabilizing.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steam heating in step (2.1) is carried out in a closed reactor, and the heating temperature is 80-130° C. and the heating time is 10-30 min; Preferably, the target temperature of the cooling in step (2.1) is 50-70°C; Preferably, the temperature of the hot water in step (2.2) is 60-70°C.

10. An application of the organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The organic water-soluble fertilizer is used for fertilization operations in tobacco planting.

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