Low-temperature refrigerator and refrigeration method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a low-temperature refrigerator and a refrigeration method. Comprising a shell, the shell is filled with a working medium, the shell is fixedly connected with a bearing seat, the shell is slidably connected with a first moving part and a second moving part, and a hot cavity is formed in the side, away from the bearing seat, in the second moving part; the heat dissipation plates are arranged in the circumferential direction and fixedly connected to the side, close to the heat cavity, of the shell, and grooves are formed in the heat dissipation plates at intervals; the guide mechanism is arranged in the shell and used for guiding the first moving part; and the heat preservation mechanism is arranged in the shell. The grooves are used for guiding passing airflow, so that the flow state of the airflow is changed, the contact state between the airflow and the heat dissipation plate is changed, the contact area between the airflow and the heat dissipation plate is increased, the heat exchange time between the airflow and the heat dissipation plate is prolonged, the heat dissipation effect is improved, and then the refrigeration effect of the refrigerator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular to a low-temperature refrigerator and a refrigeration method. Background Art

[0002] A refrigerator is a device that transfers heat from a low-temperature area to a high-temperature area by consuming energy (such as electrical energy, mechanical energy or thermal energy). Its working principle is based on various thermodynamic cycles. Refrigerator is widely used in air-conditioning systems, food preservation, industrial cooling and other fields. Among them, refrigerators are divided into steam compression refrigerators, absorption refrigerators and Stirling refrigerators according to different working (principles). Among them, Stirling refrigerators are widely used due to their compact structure, high reliability and wide range of use (high and low temperature environments, etc.).

[0003] The Stirling refrigerator is based on the Stirling cycle and uses the compression and expansion of gas to transfer heat to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. It consists of a hot end and a cold end. Due to the unique refrigeration method of the Stirling refrigerator, there is a certain temperature ratio between the cold end and the hot end. The cold end also consumes "coldness" for the working end, and the heat at the hot end continues to accumulate, so the hot end of the Stirling refrigerator needs to be dissipated. The existing heat dissipation method only uses a single-shaped heat sink for heat dissipation. For some high-power Stirling refrigerators, this type of heat dissipation method is not enough for normal heat dissipation, which will cause local overheating of the refrigerator (the temperature ratio between the hot end and the cold end changes), reduce working efficiency, and even damage parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned in the above background, the present invention provides a low temperature refrigerator and a refrigeration method.

[0005] The technical solution is: a low-temperature refrigerator, comprising: a shell, the shell is filled with a working medium, the shell is fixedly connected to a bearing seat, the shell is slidably connected to a first movable member and a second movable member, the first movable member is slidably connected to the second movable member, the second movable member is filled with heat storage filler, a heat cavity is provided on the side of the second movable member away from the bearing seat, and the side of the second movable member close to the bearing seat is a refrigeration side; a plurality of heat sinks are arranged circumferentially and are fixedly connected to a side of the shell close to the heat cavity, the heat sink is provided with grooves arranged at intervals, and the groove width of the grooves changes gradually; a driving member is installed on a side of the shell away from the bearing seat, and is used to drive the first movable member and the second movable member; a guide mechanism is arranged in the shell, and is used to guide the first movable member; a heat preservation mechanism is arranged in the shell, and is used to adjust the temperature in the heat cavity.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present application, the diameter change trends of adjacent grooves on the same heat sink are opposite to each other, and the diameter changes of adjacent grooves on different heat sinks are also opposite to each other, so as to guide and disturb the passing air.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present application, the guide mechanism includes: a guide member fixedly connected in the shell, the shell being fixedly connected to a fixing member; a coil spring fixedly connected to the fixing member, the coil spring being fixedly connected to the second movable member, the shell being fixedly connected to a guide sleeve, and the guide member and the guide sleeve being both slidably connected to the first movable member.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, the insulation mechanism includes: an insulation sheet fixedly connected to the shell, the insulation sheet is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals; a connecting piece fixedly connected to the insulation sheet, the insulation sheet and the connecting piece are both made of elastic material, and the connecting piece is in close contact with the shell; a guide ring fixedly connected to the shell, the guide ring is used to support and guide the insulation sheet; a limiting assembly is arranged on the shell, and is used to deform the insulation sheet; a trigger assembly is arranged on the shell, and is used to deform the connecting piece.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the thermal insulation sheet is made of elastic rubber and is initially in a compressed state, that is, the thermal insulation sheet is deformed and blocks the through hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the limit assembly includes: a first sliding member, slidably connected to the shell, an elastic element fixedly connected between the first sliding member and the shell; a limit frame, fixedly connected to the first sliding member, the limit frame is provided with a first limit groove arranged in a mirror image, the thermal insulation plate is fixedly connected with a limit protrusion arranged in a mirror image, the first limit groove is used to limit the adjacent limit protrusions, the shell is provided with a second limit groove arranged in a mirror image on one side close to the limit protrusion, the second limit groove is used to limit the adjacent limit protrusions, and there is an angle between the first limit groove and the adjacent second limit groove, which is used for the limit protrusion to slide along the second limit groove.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the trigger assembly includes: an extrusion plate, slidably connected to the shell, the shell is provided with a channel and a cavity, the extrusion plate slides in the channel, the channel is filled with a transmission medium, and the cavity is filled with a temperature sensing medium; a second sliding member, slidably connected to the channel, and the second sliding member is fixedly connected to the first sliding member.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, it also includes: a heat-conducting rod fixedly connected to the shell, and the heat-conducting rod is fixedly connected to the supporting seat; a heat-dividing ring fixedly connected to the shell, and the heat-dividing ring is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rod, and the heat-dividing ring is fixedly connected to a plurality of heat-dividing rods arranged circumferentially.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the heat dividing rod is located outside the heat preservation sheet and is used to adjust the temperature of the heat chamber.

[0014] A low temperature refrigeration method, based on the above-mentioned low temperature refrigerator, comprises the following steps: Step 1: The driving member drives the first moving member and the second moving member to move, and causes the volume of the working medium in the shell to increase and decrease repeatedly, thereby cooling the cooling side of the second moving member. During the process, the heat sink continuously dissipates the heat generated in the hot cavity, thereby maintaining the cold and hot balance of the refrigerator; Step 2: The first moving member always slides relative to the guide member and the guide ring, so as to ensure the stability of the first moving member and the second moving member during the movement; Step 3: The heat-insulating sheet and the connecting piece wrap the heat cavity to insulate the heat cavity. When the temperature of the heat cavity is too high, the temperature-sensitive medium in the cavity 1303 gradually expands, and the first sliding member and the shell slide relative to each other through the extrusion plate, the transmission medium in the channel and the second sliding member, so that the degree of "opening" of the through hole matches the temperature of the heat cavity. Step 4: The cooling side of the second movable part transfers its own "coldness" to the outside of the thermal insulation plate through the heat-conducting rod, the heat-dividing ring and the heat-dividing rod. When the temperature in the hot cavity is too high, the through hole gradually "opens", and the heat in the hot cavity gradually overflows. The heat is then quickly absorbed by the heat-conducting rod to quickly correct the difference between cold and hot.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention guides the passing airflow through the groove, thereby changing the flow state of the airflow, changing the contact state between the airflow and the heat sink, and increasing the contact area between the two, thereby extending the heat exchange time between the two, improving the heat dissipation effect, and making the refrigerator in a state of cold and heat balance, thereby improving the refrigeration effect of the refrigerator; using the "opening and closing" of the thermal insulation plate and the through holes thereon to change the heat loss form in the hot cavity, thereby preventing the temperature in the hot cavity from matching the temperature on the refrigeration side of the second movable part, thereby making the refrigerator in a state of cold and heat imbalance, reducing the refrigeration effect; quickly absorbing heat through the heat conduction rod, thereby quickly correcting the cold and heat difference, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency, and reducing the poor refrigeration effect caused by long-term cold and heat imbalance, and balancing the cold and heat through the refrigeration capacity of the refrigerator itself, thereby reducing additional energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the housing, the bearing seat and the driving member of the present invention; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the second moving member and the guide member of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the second moving member and the heat storage filler of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the housing and the first moving member of the present invention when they slide relative to each other; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure when the first moving member and the second moving member of the present invention slide relative to each other; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the housing and the second moving member of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the housing and the guide member of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the first sliding member moves with the second sliding member of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural exploded view of the second moving member and the parts thereon of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1-shell, 2-bearing seat, 3-first moving part, 4-second moving part, 5-heat storage filler, 6-heat chamber, 7-heat dissipation plate, 8-groove, 9-driving part, 1001-guide part, 1002-fixing part, 1003-coil spring, 1004-guide sleeve, 1101-insulating sheet, 1102-through hole, 1103-connecting part, 1104-guide ring, 1201-first sliding part, 1202-elastic element, 1203-limiting frame, 1204-first limiting groove, 1205-limiting protrusion, 1206-second limiting groove, 1301-extrusion plate, 1302-channel, 1303-cavity, 1304-second sliding part, 1401-heat conducting rod, 1402-heat dividing ring, 1403-heat dividing rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments do not limit the technical solutions claimed to be protected by the present invention to the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] A Stirling refrigerator is a thermodynamic machine based on the Stirling cycle. It transfers heat through the compression and expansion of gas to achieve a cooling effect. Unlike traditional vapor compression refrigerators, a Stirling refrigerator does not require a refrigerant, but instead uses gas (usually air or helium) as the working medium. The Stirling cycle consists of four main processes: isochoric heating, isobaric expansion, isochoric cooling, and isobaric compression. These four processes are performed alternately in a closed working chamber to form a complete cycle. Through these processes, the Stirling refrigerator transfers heat from the low-temperature end to the high-temperature end.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention is proposed, which proposes a low-temperature refrigerator to solve the problem that the heat sink on the existing refrigerator has a single shape and a limited contact area with the outside air, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements for heat dissipation of a high-power refrigerator, resulting in local overheating of the refrigerator, reduced working efficiency, and even damage to parts. The refrigerator comprises: a shell 1, the shell 1 is filled with a working medium, the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a bearing seat 2, the shell 1 is slidably connected to a first moving part 3 and a second moving part 4, the first moving part 3 is slidably connected to the second moving part 4, the second moving part 4 is filled with a heat storage filler 5, and a heat chamber 6 is arranged on the side of the second moving part 4 away from the bearing seat 2, and the heat chamber 6 generates heat during the working process. The side of the member 4 close to the bearing seat 2 is the refrigeration side; the heat sinks 7 are arranged in a circumferential direction and are fixedly connected to the side of the shell 1 close to the heat chamber 6. The heat sinks 7 are provided with grooves 8 arranged at intervals, and the groove width of the grooves 8 gradually changes. The diameter change trends of adjacent grooves 8 on the same heat sink 7 are opposite in sequence, and the diameter changes of adjacent grooves 8 on different heat sinks 7 are also opposite, which is used to guide and disturb the passing air; the driving member 9 is installed on the side of the shell 1 away from the bearing seat 2, and is used to drive the first moving member 3 and the second moving member 4; the guiding mechanism is arranged in the shell 1, and is used to guide the first moving member 3; the heat preservation mechanism is arranged in the shell 1, and is used to adjust the temperature in the heat chamber 6.

[0021] In the above scheme, Stirling motion is used to compress and expand the gas medium at different positions. During the compression and expansion process, the gas medium absorbs and releases heat to achieve refrigeration. The working medium in the shell 1 is gas, which includes but is not limited to helium and hydrogen. The heat storage filler 5 is in the form of filaments. The trend of the change in the groove width of the groove 8 is nonlinear, which is used to enhance the degree of disturbance to the flowing air and thus improve the heat dissipation effect. The driving member 9 adopts electromagnetic drive. Compared with the existing motor direct drive, it reduces unnecessary power loss, reduces transmission consumption, and saves energy. The driving member 9 drives the first moving member 3 and the second moving member 4 to move, which is a prior art. Its detailed working principle will not be described in detail here. When working, the driving member 9 drives the first moving member 3 and the second moving member 4 to move. The movable member 4 moves, and the first movable member 3 and the second movable member 4 both slide relative to the shell 1, and the first movable member 3 and the second movable member 4 also slide relative to each other, so that the volume of the gas medium in the shell 1 is repeatedly increased and decreased, thereby cooling the refrigeration side of the second movable member 4. During the process, the heat sink 7 continuously dissipates the heat generated in the heat chamber 6, so as to maintain the heat balance of the refrigerator. When the external airflow passes through the heat sink 7, the airflow flows along the groove 8. During the process, the airflow is guided by the groove 8 and the flow state changes, so as to change the contact state between the airflow and the heat sink 7, and increase the contact area between the two, prolong the heat exchange time between the two, improve the heat dissipation effect, make the refrigerator in a state of heat balance, and then improve the refrigeration effect of the refrigerator.

[0022] like Figure 2-Figure 10 As shown, the guide mechanism includes: a guide member 1001, fixedly connected to the housing 1, the housing 1 is fixedly connected to a fixing member 1002; a coil spring 1003, fixedly connected to the fixing member 1002, the coil spring 1003 is fixedly connected to the second moving member 4, the housing 1 is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve 1004, the guide member 1001 and the guide sleeve 1004 are both slidably connected to the first moving member 3, and the heat preservation mechanism includes: a heat preservation sheet 1101, fixedly connected to the housing 1, the heat preservation sheet 1101 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1102 arranged at intervals; a connecting member 1103, fixedly connected to the fixing member 1002, the coil spring 1003 is fixedly connected to the second moving member 4, the housing 1 is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve 1004, and the guide member 1001 and the guide sleeve 1004 are both slidably connected to the first moving member 3. It is fixedly connected to the insulation sheet 1101, the insulation sheet 1101 and the connecting piece 1103 are both made of elastic materials, the insulation sheet 1101 is elastic rubber, and is initially in a compressed state, that is, the insulation sheet 1101 is deformed and blocks the through hole 1102, and the connecting piece 1103 is in close contact with the shell 1; the guide ring 1104 is fixedly connected to the shell 1, and the guide ring 1104 is used to support and guide the insulation sheet 1101; the limiting component is arranged on the shell 1, and is used to deform the insulation sheet 1101; the trigger component is arranged on the shell 1, and is used to deform the connecting piece 1103.

[0023] In the above scheme, the surface of the thermal insulation sheet 1101 is coated with a thermal insulation material, and a plurality of through holes 1102 are staggeredly distributed. The through holes 1102 are rectangular holes, and the projection length of the through holes 1102 on the horizontal plane "X" axis is greater than the projection length on the horizontal plane "Y" axis, that is, the longer side of the through hole 1102 is parallel to the axis of the thermal insulation sheet 1101, and the left and right sides of the connecting member 1103 are both set to rubber material, and the rubber material is used to be in close contact with the shell 1 to ensure sealing. During the movement of the first movable member 3 and the second movable member 4, the first movable member 3 always slides relative to the guide member 1001 (guide ring 1104), so as to ensure the stability of the first movable member 3 and the second movable member 4 during the movement, reduce the vibration of the refrigerator during operation, and reduce the generation of noise. The first movable member 3 drives the coil spring 1003 to deform repeatedly.

[0024] During the refrigeration process, the thermal insulation sheet 1101 and the connecting piece 1103 always wrap the heat chamber 6 to keep the heat insulated, preventing excessive heat dissipation in the heat chamber 6 from causing heat imbalance in the refrigerator, thereby reducing the refrigeration effect and efficiency of the refrigerator. The thermal insulation sheet 1101 is deformed by the limiting component, and the through hole 1102 is "opened" to dissipate the heat accumulated in the heat chamber 6, avoiding excessively high temperature in the heat chamber 6 from causing heat imbalance in the refrigerator and affecting normal operation. The trigger component is used to deform the connecting piece 1103 to dissipate the heat accumulated in the heat chamber 6.

[0025] like Figure 6-Figure 10 As shown, the limiting assembly includes: a first sliding member 1201, which is slidably connected to the housing 1, and an elastic element 1202 is fixedly connected between the first sliding member 1201 and the housing 1; a limiting frame 1203, which is fixedly connected to the first sliding member 1201, and the limiting frame 1203 is provided with a first limiting groove 1204 arranged in a mirror image, and the thermal insulation sheet 1101 is fixedly connected with a limiting protrusion 1205 arranged in a mirror image, and the first limiting groove 1204 is used to adjust the adjacent limiting protrusion 1205 For limiting, a second limiting groove 1206 arranged in a mirror image is provided on one side of the shell 1 close to the limiting protrusion 1205, and the second limiting groove 1206 is used to limit the adjacent limiting protrusion 1205. The limiting protrusion 1205 is initially located at the upper end of the adjacent first limiting groove 1204 (second limiting groove 1206), and there is an angle between the first limiting groove 1204 and the adjacent second limiting groove 1206, which is used to limit the protrusion 1205 to slide along the second limiting groove 1206.

[0026] In the above scheme, the elastic element 1202 is a tension spring, which is used to reset the first sliding member 1201. The mirror-arranged first limiting grooves 1204 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the limiting frame 1203. The first limiting grooves 1204 and the adjacent second limiting grooves 1206 are both arcs, and the angle between the mirror-arranged first limiting grooves 1204 is greater than the angle between the mirror-arranged second limiting grooves 1206. During the refrigeration process, when the temperature at the hot chamber 6 is too high, the trigger assembly is used to move the first sliding member 1201 downward, the first sliding member 1201 slides relative to the shell 1, the elastic element 1202 is stretched, and the first sliding member 1201 drives the limiting frame 1203 to move downward together. The first limiting groove 1204 begins to squeeze the adjacent limiting protrusion 1205, and the limiting protrusion 1205 begins to slide in the adjacent second limiting groove 1206, and the limiting protrusions 1205 arranged in a mirror image begin to move toward each other, and the limiting protrusions 1205 begin to stretch (compress) the thermal insulation sheet 1101 (connecting piece 1103), and the thermal insulation sheet 1101 gradually deforms. During the process, the thermal insulation sheet 1101 "slides" along the guide ring 1104, and the through hole 1102 gradually "opens", so that the thermal insulation sheet 1101 loses its wrapping of the heat chamber 6, and the heat at the heat chamber 6 is dissipated through the heat sink 7, so as to prevent the temperature at the heat chamber 6 from being too high, resulting in an imbalance between cold and hot in the refrigerator, thereby reducing the cooling effect and efficiency.

[0027] like Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the trigger assembly includes: an extrusion plate 1301, which is slidably connected to the shell 1, and the shell 1 is provided with a channel 1302 and a cavity 1303, the extrusion plate 1301 slides in the channel 1302, the channel 1302 is filled with a transmission medium, and the cavity 1303 is filled with a temperature sensing medium; a second sliding member 1304, which is slidably connected to the channel 1302, and the second sliding member 1304 is fixedly connected to the first sliding member 1201.

[0028] In the above scheme, the transmission medium in the channel 1302 is hydraulic oil, the temperature sensing medium in the cavity 1303 is nitrogen, and the cavity 1303 is located on the shell 1 near the hot cavity 6. During the refrigeration process, if the temperature at the hot cavity 6 is too high, the heat is transferred to the cavity 1303, and the nitrogen in the cavity 1303 begins to expand due to the heat and squeezes the extrusion plate 1301. The extrusion plate 1301 begins to move to the left and squeezes the hydraulic oil in the channel 1302. The hydraulic oil in the channel 1302 then squeezes the second sliding member 1304, and the second sliding member 1304 begins to move downward. The second sliding member 1304 drives the first sliding member 1201 to move downward together, so that the downward movement of the first sliding member 1201 is determined by the temperature at the hot cavity 6, and then the degree of "opening" of the through hole 1102 matches the temperature at the hot cavity 6, so as to achieve a cold and hot balance of the refrigerator and improve the refrigeration effect.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig.10 As shown, it also includes: a heat-conducting rod 1401, which is fixedly connected to the shell 1, and the heat-conducting rod 1401 is fixedly connected to the supporting seat 2; a heat dividing ring 1402, which is fixedly connected to the shell 1, and the heat dividing ring 1402 is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rod 1401, and the heat dividing ring 1402 is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially arranged heat dividing rods 1403, and the heat dividing rods 1403 are located on the outside of the thermal insulation plate 1101, and are used to adjust the temperature at the heat chamber 6.

[0030] In the above scheme, during the cooling process, the cooling side of the second movable part 4 gradually absorbs the heat on the heat-conducting rod 1401, that is, the temperature of the heat-conducting rod 1401 gradually decreases, and the "coldness" is transmitted to the outside of the insulation plate 1101 through the heat-dividing ring 1402 and the heat-dividing rod 1403. When the temperature at the heat chamber 6 is too high, the through hole 1102 gradually "opens", and the heat at the heat chamber 6 gradually overflows, and then the heat-conducting rod 1401 is used to quickly absorb heat, so as to quickly correct the difference between cold and hot, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the poor cooling effect caused by long-term imbalance between cold and heat. The cooling capacity of the refrigerator itself is used to balance the cold and heat, thereby reducing additional energy consumption. After the cooling is completed, the power supply can be disconnected.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention proposes a low-temperature refrigeration method, based on the above-mentioned low-temperature refrigerator, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The driving member 9 drives the first moving member 3 and the second moving member 4 to move, and causes the volume of the working medium in the housing 1 to increase and decrease repeatedly, thereby cooling the cooling side of the second moving member 4. During the process, the heat sink 7 continuously dissipates the heat generated in the heat chamber 6, thereby maintaining the cold and hot balance of the refrigerator; Step 2: The first moving member 3 always slides relative to the guide member 1001 and the guide ring 1104, so as to ensure the stability of the first moving member 3 and the second moving member 4 during the movement; Step 3: The heat-insulating sheet 1101 and the connecting member 1103 wrap the heat chamber 6 to insulate the heat chamber 6. When the temperature of the heat chamber 6 is too high, the temperature-sensitive medium in the cavity 1303 gradually expands, and the first sliding member 1201 and the housing 1 slide relative to each other through the extrusion plate 1301, the transmission medium in the channel 1302 and the second sliding member 1304, so that the degree of "opening" of the through hole 1102 matches the temperature of the heat chamber 6. Step 4: The cooling side of the second movable part 4 transfers its own "coldness" to the outside of the thermal insulation plate 1101 through the heat-conducting rod 1401, the heat-dividing ring 1402 and the heat-dividing rod 1403. When the temperature in the heat chamber 6 is too high, the through hole 1102 gradually "opens", and the heat in the heat chamber 6 gradually overflows. Then, the heat is quickly absorbed by the heat-conducting rod 1401, thereby quickly correcting the difference between cold and hot.

[0032] The above is a detailed introduction to a low-temperature refrigerator and a refrigeration method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments are used herein to illustrate the principle and implementation mode of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and the scope of application. The content of the above embodiments should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A low temperature refrigerator, characterized in that: Included are: A shell (1), wherein the shell (1) is filled with a working medium, the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a bearing seat (2), the shell (1) is slidably connected to a first moving member (3) and a second moving member (4), the first moving member (3) is slidably connected to the second moving member (4), the second moving member (4) is filled with a heat storage filler (5), a heat chamber (6) is provided on a side of the second moving member (4) away from the bearing seat (2), and a side of the second moving member (4) close to the bearing seat (2) is a cooling side; A plurality of heat dissipation plates (7) are arranged in a circumferential direction and are all fixedly connected to a side of the housing (1) close to the heat chamber (6); grooves (8) arranged at intervals are provided on the heat dissipation plates (7); and the groove width of the grooves (8) changes gradually; A driving member (9) mounted on a side of the housing (1) away from the bearing seat (2), and used for driving the first moving member (3) and the second moving member (4); A guide mechanism, disposed in the housing (1) and used for guiding the first moving member (3); A heat preservation mechanism is arranged in the shell (1) and is used to adjust the temperature in the heat chamber (6).

2. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter variation trends of adjacent grooves (8) on the same heat sink (7) are opposite to each other, and the diameter variation trends of adjacent grooves (8) on different heat sinks (7) are also opposite to each other, so as to guide and disturb the passing air.

3. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism comprises: A guide member (1001) is fixedly connected inside the housing (1), and the housing (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing member (1002); A coil spring (1003) is fixedly connected to the fixing member (1002), the coil spring (1003) is fixedly connected to the second movable member (4), the housing (1) is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve (1004), and the guide member (1001) and the guide sleeve (1004) are both slidably connected to the first movable member (3).

4. A low temperature refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat preservation mechanism comprises: A heat-insulating sheet (1101) fixedly connected to the housing (1), the heat-insulating sheet (1101) being provided with a plurality of through holes (1102) arranged at intervals; A connecting piece (1103) is fixedly connected to the thermal insulation sheet (1101); the thermal insulation sheet (1101) and the connecting piece (1103) are both made of elastic material; and the connecting piece (1103) is in close contact with the shell (1); A guide ring (1104) fixedly connected to the shell (1), the guide ring (1104) being used to support and guide the thermal insulation sheet (1101); A limiting component, arranged on the housing (1) and used to deform the thermal insulation sheet (1101); A trigger component is arranged on the housing (1) and is used to deform the connecting member (1103).

5. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermal insulation sheet (1101) is elastic rubber and is initially in a compressed state, that is, the thermal insulation sheet (1101) is deformed and blocks the through hole (1102).

6. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limit assembly includes: A first sliding member (1201) is slidably connected to the housing (1), and an elastic element (1202) is fixedly connected between the first sliding member (1201) and the housing (1); A limiting frame (1203) is fixedly connected to the first sliding member (1201), the limiting frame (1203) is provided with a first limiting groove (1204) arranged in a mirror image, the thermal insulation sheet (1101) is fixedly connected with a limiting protrusion (1205) arranged in a mirror image, the first limiting groove (1204) is used to limit the adjacent limiting protrusion (1205), a side of the shell (1) close to the limiting protrusion (1205) is provided with a second limiting groove (1206) arranged in a mirror image, the second limiting groove (1206) is used to limit the adjacent limiting protrusion (1205), and an angle is formed between the first limiting groove (1204) and the adjacent second limiting groove (1206), so that the limiting protrusion (1205) slides along the second limiting groove (1206).

7. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The trigger component includes: An extrusion plate (1301) is slidably connected to the housing (1), the housing (1) is provided with a channel (1302) and a cavity (1303), the extrusion plate (1301) slides in the channel (1302), the channel (1302) is filled with a transmission medium, and the cavity (1303) is filled with a temperature sensing medium; The second sliding member (1304) is slidably connected to the channel (1302), and the second sliding member (1304) is fixedly connected to the first sliding member (1201).

8. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also included are: A heat-conducting rod (1401) is fixedly connected to the housing (1); the heat-conducting rod (1401) is fixedly connected to the bearing seat (2); The heat distribution ring (1402) is fixedly connected to the shell (1), the heat distribution ring (1402) is fixedly connected to the heat conducting rod (1401), and the heat distribution ring (1402) is fixedly connected to a plurality of heat distribution rods (1403) arranged circumferentially.

9. A cryogenic refrigerator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat distribution rod (1403) is located outside the heat insulation sheet (1101) and is used to adjust the temperature of the heat chamber (6).

10. A low temperature refrigeration method, characterized in that: According to the low temperature refrigerator of claim 9, the specific method of use is as follows: Step 1: The driving member (9) drives the first moving member (3) and the second moving member (4) to move, and causes the volume of the working medium in the housing (1) to repeatedly increase and decrease, thereby cooling the cooling side of the second moving member (4). During the process, the heat sink (7) continuously dissipates the heat generated in the heat chamber (6), thereby maintaining the heat balance of the refrigerator; Step 2: The first moving member (3) always slides relative to the guide member (1001) and the guide ring (1104), thereby ensuring the stability of the first moving member (3) and the second moving member (4) during movement; Step 3: The heat-insulating sheet (1101) and the connecting member (1103) wrap the heat chamber (6) to insulate the heat chamber (6). When the temperature of the heat chamber (6) is too high, the temperature-sensitive medium in the chamber (1303) gradually expands, and through the extrusion plate (1301), the transmission medium in the channel (1302) and the second sliding member (1304), the first sliding member (1201) and the housing (1) slide relative to each other, so that the degree of "opening" of the through hole (1102) matches the temperature of the heat chamber (6); Step 4: The cooling side of the second movable member (4) transfers its own "coldness" to the outside of the thermal insulation plate (1101) through the heat conducting rod (1401), the heat dividing ring (1402) and the heat dividing rod (1403). When the temperature at the heat chamber (6) is too high, the through hole (1102) gradually "opens", and the heat at the heat chamber (6) gradually overflows. The heat is then quickly absorbed by the heat conducting rod (1401), thereby quickly correcting the difference between cold and hot.

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