Experimental system for automatically adjusting content of CeO2 nano fuel oil and adjusting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental system for automatically adjusting the content of CeO2 nano fuel oil and an adjusting method, and relates to the technical field of nano fuel control. According to the experimental system for automatically adjusting the content of the CeO2 nano fuel oil and the adjusting method, components of flue gas are analyzed according to an analysis instrument, then the rotating speed of a pump is adjusted according to an analysis result, and then the conveying amount of CeO2 nano metal powder is controlled. According to the experimental system for automatically adjusting the content of the CeO2 nano fuel oil and the adjusting method, control over adding of the content of the CeO2 nano fuel oil can be further improved by considering different burner power ranges and combining comprehensive comparison of the content of CO and the content of HC in flue gas, the combustion efficiency can be further improved, and the combustion stability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nano fuel control, in particular to an experimental system and a regulating method for automatically regulating CeO2 nano fuel content. Background Art

[0002] CeO2 nanoparticles have a finer particle size, a higher surface area ratio and enhanced chemical reactivity. Adding an appropriate amount of excellent CeO2 nano additives to the fuel can greatly improve the efficient combustion process in the combustion chamber, thereby improving the economic benefits of diesel engines and achieving the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. An appropriate amount of nano fuel additives can improve the combustion performance of the fuel. It can make the fuel atomization more uniform and improve the combustion efficiency.

[0003] Within a certain range, as the content of CeO2 nanometal materials increases, the combustion of fuel will be more complete, and the emissions of CO, hydrocarbon mixtures, and NOX will be reduced. Among them, different concentrations of CeO2 nanometals have a particularly significant reduction in CO and HC emissions. In the crystal structure of CeO2 nanomaterials, the redox cycle between Ce3+ and Ce4+ can quickly adsorb and activate oxygen. This rapid oxygen activation process is very critical for the oxidation reaction of CO. In this reaction, the oxygen vacancies on the surface of CeO2 nanomaterials can effectively adsorb oxygen molecules and dissociate them into active oxygen. After the CO molecules are adsorbed on the surface of CeO2, they can easily react with these active oxygen to generate carbon dioxide, which can effectively reduce toxic gas emissions. CeO2 nanoparticles have good catalytic activity and can promote the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbons during combustion, allowing HC to be burned and converted more fully.

[0004] However, if the CeO2 nanomaterial content is too high, it may cause too intense combustion. This will make the engine's working state unstable, produce abnormal vibration and noise, and easily cause knocking, causing damage to the engine's mechanical parts and shortening the service life of the engine parts. Too high an additive content will disrupt the normal combustion process of the fuel.

[0005] For example, it may cause the combustion speed to be too fast or the combustion to be uneven, resulting in abnormal combustion conditions such as local overheating. In this case, more incomplete combustion products such as carbon monoxide and carbon black may be generated, resulting in an increase in smoke volume.

[0006] In addition, excessive nano-metal particles and metal oxides produced after combustion will also affect emissions. Therefore, how to control the concentration of CeO2 nanomaterials is an important factor affecting diesel engine efficiency and emissions. Summary of the invention

[0007] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental system and a method for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content, which solves the following technical problems: 1. The existing technology lacks an experimental system for controlling the addition of CeO2 nanomaterials into fuel; 2. However, using the content of CO or HC in the flue gas to adjust the amount of CeO2 nanomaterials added is still not accurate enough.

[0008] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an experimental system for automatically adjusting the content of CeO2 nano-fuel, comprising: Nano fuel storage tank: used to store CeO2 nano metal powder required for the experiment Pump: connected below the nanofuel storage tank, used to accurately control the delivery amount of CeO2 nanopowder; Fuel storage tank: used to store the fuel required for the experiment; Mixing device: connected to the fuel storage tank and the pump through pipelines, so that the nanomaterials and fuel are mixed here; Burner: connected to the bottom of the mixing device with a pipe, the delivered nano fuel is atomized and fully mixed with air before combustion, generating flue gas containing CO and HC components; Air supply system: includes air compressor, air filter and flow control valve. The air filter is used to remove impurities in the air, and the flow control valve can accurately control the amount of air entering the burner to ensure sufficient and stable combustion; Exhaust gas sampling device: A sampling probe is installed on the flue gas pipe at the burner outlet. The probe collects flue gas samples and has certain high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. The sampling tube transports the flue gas samples to subsequent analytical instruments; The controller analyzes the components of the flue gas according to the analytical instrument, and then adjusts the rotation speed of the pump according to the analysis result, thereby realizing the control of the delivery amount of CeO2 nano metal powder.

[0009] Preferably, it comprises an air supply system, wherein the air supply system comprises an air compressor, an air filter and a flow regulating valve; The air filter is used to remove impurities in the air, and the flow regulating valve can accurately control the amount of air entering the burner to ensure sufficient and stable combustion.

[0010] Preferably, the analytical instrument comprises a flue gas sensor and an amplifying and filtering device, and the CO in the flue gas pre-processed by the flue gas sensor is detected.

[0011] Preferably, the amplifying and filtering device performs amplifying and filtering processing on the electrical signal emitted by the smoke sensor.

[0012] Preferably, it includes a motor driver: receiving a control signal from a controller to drive the pump motor to operate.

[0013] Preferably, it comprises a motor driver, wherein the motor driver receives a control signal from the controller to drive the motor of the pump to operate.

[0014] Preferably, a speed sensor is included: the speed sensor is installed on the motor shaft of the pump, monitors the speed of the pump in real time, and feeds back the speed signal to the controller to form a speed closed-loop control, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the speed control of the pump.

[0015] A method for adjusting an experimental system for automatically adjusting CeO2 nano-fuel content comprises the following steps: S1: Continuously increase the power of the pump to increase the concentration of CeO2 nanometal, and then fully mix the CeO2 nanometal with the fuel flowing out of the fuel storage tank in the blending device; S2: The mixed nano fuel is fully burned in the combustion chamber, and the smoke sensor installed at the tail of the sampling device is used to measure the smoke content in real time and convert the data into electrical signals; S3: The electrical signal is amplified and filtered by the amplifying and filtering device and then sent to the controller to find the pump power that minimizes the smoke content; S4: Utilize the feedback regulation of the controller to generate an electrical signal to adjust the speed of the pump motor so that the smoke content is always maintained at the lowest concentration.

[0016] Preferably, the adjustment step in S4 is as follows: S41: The increasing CeO2 nanometal content will cause the CO and HC flue gas content to first decrease and then increase. The collected CO flue gas content-nanometal content array is collected to the controller, and the corresponding relationship between the CO flue gas content and the nanomaterial content is displayed in a coordinate diagram on the user interface; S42: comparing the current CO smoke concentration with the previous group of CO smoke concentrations, setting the lower group as the minimum CO smoke concentration, and comparing the minimum CO smoke concentration with the next group of CO smoke concentrations measured, replacing the lower one with the new minimum CO smoke concentration, and so on until the minimum CO smoke concentration remains unchanged; and calculating the CO decrease rate at the same time; S43: comparing the current HC smoke concentration with the previous group of HC smoke concentrations, setting the lower group as the minimum HC smoke concentration, and comparing the minimum HC smoke concentration with the next group of HC smoke concentrations measured, replacing the lower one with the new minimum HC smoke concentration, and so on until the minimum HC smoke concentration remains unchanged; and calculating the HC drop rate at the same time; The two emissions were combined to determine the concentration of nanomaterials; The pump adjustment speed is determined by the change speed of HC and CO: when the smoke concentration decreases slowly, increase the pump adjustment speed to improve accuracy and find the lowest smoke concentration more accurately; Specifically, when the flue gas concentration changes slowly, the proportional coefficient P is appropriately reduced to avoid system instability caused by over-adjustment. At the same time, the integral time I is increased so that the system can eliminate steady-state errors more finely to improve the pump regulation accuracy.

[0017] Preferably, when the burner power is between 30% and 50% of the maximum design power of the burner, the weight ratio of the influence of the CO reduction rate and the HC reduction rate on the pump adjustment speed is 8:2; When the burner power is between 50% and 80% of the maximum design power of the burner, the weight ratio of the CO drop rate and the HC drop rate on the pump adjustment speed is 7:3; When the burner power is between 80% and 100% of the maximum design power of the burner, the weight ratio of the CO decrease rate and the HC decrease rate on the pump adjustment speed is 6:4.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides an experimental system and a method for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content. It has the following beneficial effects: The experimental system and adjustment method for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content can further improve the control of CeO2 nano-fuel content addition by considering the different burner power ranges and combining the comprehensive comparison of CO and HC contents in the flue gas, which can further improve the combustion efficiency and combustion stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the experimental system of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Nano fuel storage tank; 2. Pump, 3. Fuel storage tank; 4. Mixing device; 5. Combustion chamber; 6. Air supply system; 7. Exhaust device; 8. Exhaust sampling; 9. Flue gas sensor; 10. Amplification and filtering device; 11 - Human-computer interaction interface; 12. Controller; 13. Motor driver; 14. Speed ​​sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention proposes an experimental system for automatically adjusting the content of nano fuel, such as Figure 1 As shown, nano-metal materials are placed in the nano fuel storage tank 1, the bottom of the tank is connected to the pump 2, and the mixing device 4 is connected below the pump. Fuel is stored in the fuel storage tank 3, which is connected to the mixing device 4 through a pipeline. The mixing device 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 5 by a pipeline, and the other side of the combustion chamber 5 is connected to the air supply system 6 by a pipeline. An exhaust device 7 is connected below the combustion chamber 5. The exhaust gas sampling 8 is placed at the tail of the exhaust device 7, and then connected to the smoke sensor 9. The sensor is connected to the amplification and filtering device 10 through a circuit. The human-machine interface 11 is connected to the amplification and filtering device through a line connection, and then connected to the controller 12. The speed sensor 14 is installed on the pump 1 and connected to the controller 12 through a line. The controller 12 is connected to the motor driver 13 through a circuit. The motor driver 13 is connected to the motor of the pump 1.

[0023] Based on the above measurement device, the steps of the experimental method proposed by the present invention are as follows: Start the device, drive the controller 12 in the human-machine interface 11, control the motor driver 13, and gradually increase the speed of the pump 2 from 0. The CeO2 nanometal material is transported to the blending device 4 by the action of the pump 2. As the pump speed increases, the content of the CeO2 nanomaterial gradually increases. At the same time, the fuel in the fuel storage tank 3 is also input into the blending device 4 at a stable flow rate to be evenly mixed with the nanometal. The fully mixed nanofuel is transported to the combustion chamber 5 through the pipeline. The nanofuel is fully burned with the air supplied by the air supply system 6, and the exhaust gas released by the combustion is released in the exhaust device 7, a part of which is discharged to the outside, and a small part of the exhaust gas is sampled by the exhaust gas sampling 8. After cooling, dehumidification and filtering, it contacts the flue gas sensor 9. After the signal received by the sensor is amplified and filtered by the amplification and filtering device 10, the signal data will be displayed in the human-machine interface 11. The increasing nanometal content will cause the flue gas content to decrease first and then increase. The corresponding relationship between the flue gas content and the CeO2 nanomaterial content is displayed in a coordinate diagram in the user interface. The optimal nanomaterial content corresponding to the lowest smoke concentration is set in the controller 12. According to the set algorithm of the control system, the feedback adjustment transmits the electrical signal to the motor driver 13 to drive the speed of the pump 2 to maintain the output state that optimizes the nanomaterial content. The speed sensor 14 is used to measure the speed of the pump 2, and the circuit is used to feed back to the controller 12 to form a closed-loop control.

[0024] The controller 12 is a PID controller.

[0025] Using CO content control alone can effectively improve combustion efficiency and reduce vibration. Considering the changing weights of CO content and HC content under different burner powers can further improve combustion efficiency and reduce vibration.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental system for automatically adjusting the content of CeO2 nano-fuel, including Nanofuel storage tank (1): used to store CeO2 nanometal powder required for the experiment Pump (2): connected to the bottom of the nanofuel storage tank, used to accurately control the delivery amount of CeO2 nanopowder; Fuel storage tank (3): used to store the fuel required for the experiment; A mixing device (4): connected to the fuel storage tank (3) and the pump (2) through pipelines, so that the nanomaterial and the fuel are mixed there; Burner (5): connected to the lower part of the mixing device (4) by a pipeline, atomizing the delivered nano fuel and fully mixing it with air, and then burning it to generate flue gas containing CO and HC components; Air supply system (6): includes air compressor, air filter and flow control valve. The air filter is used to remove impurities in the air, and the flow control valve can accurately control the amount of air entering the burner to ensure sufficient and stable combustion; Exhaust gas sampling device (8): a sampling probe is installed on the flue gas duct at the outlet of the burner (5), the probe collects flue gas samples and has certain high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and the sampling tube transports the flue gas samples to subsequent analysis instruments; Features: It comprises a controller (12), wherein the controller (12) analyzes the components of the flue gas according to an analysis instrument, and then adjusts the rotation speed of the pump (2) according to the analysis result, thereby achieving control of the delivery amount of CeO2 nano metal powder.

2. The experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air supply system (6) comprises an air compressor, an air filter and a flow regulating valve; The air filter is used to remove impurities in the air, and the flow regulating valve can accurately control the amount of air entering the burner to ensure sufficient and stable combustion.

3. The experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analytical instrument comprises a flue gas sensor (9) and an amplifying and filtering device (10), and detects CO in the flue gas pre-treated by the flue gas sensor (9). The amplifying and filtering device (10) performs amplifying and filtering processing on the electrical signal emitted by the smoke sensor.

4. The experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It includes a motor driver (13) which receives a control signal from a controller (12) and drives the motor of the pump (2) to operate.

5. The experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motor driver (13) receives a control signal from a controller (12) and drives the motor of the pump (2) to operate.

6. The experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotation speed sensor (14): the rotation speed sensor (14) is installed on the motor shaft of the pump (2), monitors the rotation speed of the pump (2) in real time, and feeds back the rotation speed signal to the controller (12), thereby forming a rotation speed closed-loop control and improving the accuracy and stability of the rotation speed control of the pump (2).

7. A method for adjusting an experimental system for automatically adjusting CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: continuously increasing the power of the pump (2) to increase the concentration of the CeO2 nanometal, and then fully mixing the CeO2 nanometal with the fuel flowing out of the fuel storage tank (3) in the mixing device (4); S2: The mixed nano fuel is fully burned in the combustion chamber (5), and the smoke sensor (9) installed at the rear of the sampling device (8) is used to measure the smoke content of the exhaust in real time and convert the data into an electrical signal; S3: amplifying and filtering the electrical signal through the amplifying and filtering device (10) and sending the amplified and filtered electrical signal to the controller (12), thereby finding the pump power at which the smoke content is the lowest; S4: Using the feedback regulation of the controller (12), an electrical signal is generated to adjust the speed of the motor of the pump (2) so that the smoke content is always maintained at the lowest concentration.

8. The method for adjusting the experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The adjustment steps in S4 are as follows: S41: The increasing CeO2 nanometal content will cause the CO and HC flue gas content to first decrease and then increase. The collected CO flue gas content-nanometal content array is collected to the controller, and the corresponding relationship between the CO flue gas content and the nanomaterial content is displayed in a coordinate diagram on the user interface; S42: comparing the current CO smoke concentration with the previous group of CO smoke concentrations, setting the lower group as the minimum CO smoke concentration, and comparing the minimum CO smoke concentration with the next group of CO smoke concentrations measured, replacing the lower one with the new minimum CO smoke concentration, and so on until the minimum CO smoke concentration remains unchanged; and calculating the CO decrease rate at the same time; S43: comparing the current HC smoke concentration with the previous group of HC smoke concentrations, setting the lower group as the minimum HC smoke concentration, and comparing the minimum HC smoke concentration with the next group of HC smoke concentrations measured, replacing the lower one with the new minimum HC smoke concentration, and so on until the minimum HC smoke concentration remains unchanged; and calculating the HC drop rate at the same time; The two emissions were combined to determine the concentration of nanomaterials; The pump adjustment speed is determined by the change speed of HC and CO: when the smoke concentration decreases slowly, increase the pump adjustment speed to improve accuracy and find the lowest smoke concentration more accurately; Specifically, when the flue gas concentration changes slowly, the proportional coefficient P is appropriately reduced to avoid system instability caused by over-adjustment. At the same time, the integral time I is increased so that the system can eliminate steady-state errors more finely to improve the pump regulation accuracy.

9. The method for adjusting the experimental system for automatically adjusting the CeO2 nano-fuel content according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the burner power is between 30% and 50% of the maximum design power of the burner, the weight ratio of the CO drop rate and the HC drop rate on the pump adjustment speed is 8:2; When the burner power is between 50% and 80% of the maximum design power of the burner, the weight ratio of the CO drop rate and the HC drop rate on the pump adjustment speed is 7:3; When the burner power is between 80% and 100% of the maximum design power of the burner, the weight ratio of the CO decrease rate and the HC decrease rate on the pump adjustment speed is 6:4.

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