Electrical contact material, method for producing the same, method for producing an electrical contact material soldering member, and electrical component

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses an electric contact material, a preparation method thereof, a preparation method of an electric contact material welding piece and an electric component. The electric contact material comprises a first material layer, an interface layer and a second material layer which are sequentially stacked. The material of the first material layer comprises silver. The material of the second material layer comprises a graphene copper composite material. The interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and the graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and the graphene copper composite material and a silver copper alloy distributed in a point shape. The graphene copper composite material comprises graphene and copper or a copper alloy, and the graphene is coated on the surface of the copper or the surface of the copper alloy. The graphene coating on the copper or the copper alloy can enhance the dispersion degree of the graphene, reduce the generation amount of the silver copper alloy, and prevent the electric contact material from being prone to fusion welding failure when used to the interface.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, in particular to an electric contact material, a preparation method thereof, a preparation method of an electric contact material welding piece, and an electric component. BACKGROUND

[0002] Silver tungsten carbide graphite (AgWCC) has become the mainstream contact material of the static contact of the circuit breaker due to its excellent oxidation resistance, welding resistance, corrosion resistance, relatively stable contact resistance, and reliable on-off capacity. However, the cost of the contact is high because silver is the main material of AgWCC. In addition, AgWCC needs to be coated with silver on the welding surface during the processing to improve the welding performance of the product, and the process is relatively complex and the contact has the risk of delamination. Therefore, reducing the silver content in the AgWCC material, optimizing the processing technology of the product, and improving the welding performance are the development and research directions of the contact material. Copper-based alloy has similar electrical properties to silver-based materials and is currently an ideal silver-saving composite material.

[0003] Silver tungsten copper alloy electric contact material can replace AgWCC as a contact material, but the interface treatment is a big problem. In related technologies, a first additive, a second additive, diamond, and sandblasting are mixed to enhance the interface bonding strength between silver and copper; or the silver-copper plate is subjected to sandblasting, hot rolling, and diffusion annealing to enhance the interface bonding strength between silver and copper, but the bonding surface has a high risk of failure during use. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an electric contact material, a preparation method thereof, a preparation method of an electric contact material welding piece, and an electric component, which can improve the problem of interface failure.

[0005] The present application provides an electric contact material, which comprises a first material layer, an interface layer, and a second material layer arranged in sequence, the material of the first material layer comprises metallic silver, the material of the second material layer comprises a graphene copper composite material, and the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged metallic silver and graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged metallic silver and graphene copper composite material and point-shaped distributed silver copper alloy.

[0006] The graphene copper composite material comprises graphene and copper or copper alloy, and the graphene is coated on the surface of the copper or the surface of the copper alloy.

[0007] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, at least 98% of the surface of the copper or copper alloy in the second material layer is coated with the graphene; and / or

[0008] The copper alloy further comprises a rare earth element.

[0009] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the material of the first material layer further comprises graphene; and / or

[0010] the material of the first material layer further comprises tungsten carbide; and / or

[0011] the material of the first material layer further comprises one or more of rhenium, graphite, nickel, tungsten and rare earth elements.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the first material layer further comprises rhenium, the mass content of the rhenium in the first material layer being 0.1%-6%; and / or

[0013] the material of the first material layer further comprises graphite, the mass content of the graphite in the first material layer being 0.15%-4%; and / or

[0014] the material of the first material layer further comprises nickel, the mass content of the nickel in the first material layer being 0.5%-2%; and / or

[0015] the material of the first material layer further comprises tungsten, the mass content of the tungsten in the first material layer being 1%-3%; and / or

[0016] the material of the first material layer further comprises one or more of rare earth elements, the total mass content of the rare earth elements in the first material layer being 0.05%-1%.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the material of the second material layer further comprises one or more of tellurium, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, diamond, rhenium and rare earth elements.

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the material of the second material layer further comprises tellurium, the mass content of the tellurium in the second material layer being 0.5%-1%; and / or

[0019] the material of the second material layer further comprises titanium carbide, the mass content of the titanium carbide in the second material layer being 0.1%-2%; and / or

[0020] the material of the second material layer further comprises tantalum carbide, the mass content of the tantalum carbide in the second material layer being 0.1%-0.15%; and / or

[0021] the material of the second material layer further comprises diamond, the mass content of the diamond in the second material layer being 0.1%-2%; and / or

[0022] the material of the second material layer further comprises rhenium, the mass content of the rhenium in the second material layer being 0.1%-6%; and / or

[0023] The material of the second material layer further comprises one or more of rare earth elements, and the mass content of the rare earth elements in the second material layer is 0.05%-2%.

[0024] Correspondingly, the application further provides a preparation method of the electrical contact material, comprising:

[0025] The material of the first material layer and the material of the second material layer are stacked and then subjected to hot-press sintering to form the first material layer and the second material layer and an interface layer between the first material layer and the second material layer;

[0026] The material of the first material layer comprises silver, the material of the second material layer comprises graphene copper composite material, and the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material and point-distributed silver copper alloy, wherein the graphene copper composite material comprises graphene and copper or copper alloy, and the graphene is coated on the surface of the copper or the surface of the copper alloy;

[0027] The temperature of the hot-press sintering is lower than the melting point of silver.

[0028] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the temperature of the hot-press sintering is 550-800℃, and the pressure of the hot-press sintering is 60-120MPa; and / or

[0029] The hot-press sintering is performed in a mixed flow atmosphere of hydrogen and argon.

[0030] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the preparation method of the graphene copper composite material further comprises the following steps:

[0031] The copper particles or copper alloy particles are heated to a first temperature, and then a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen is introduced to perform chemical vapor deposition. After the chemical vapor deposition, the temperature is lowered, and a mixed gas of argon, hydrogen and methane is introduced during the temperature lowering process to obtain copper particles coated with graphene or copper alloy particles coated with graphene;

[0032] The first temperature is 900-1050℃; and / or

[0033] The temperature of the chemical vapor deposition is 900-1050℃.

[0034] In addition, the application further provides an electrical contact material welding piece, comprising a welding piece and the electrical contact material or the electrical contact material prepared by the preparation method of the electrical contact material, and the second material layer is welded and connected with the welding piece.

[0035] Correspondingly, the application further provides a preparation method of the electric contact material welding piece, comprising:

[0036] The electric contact material or the electric contact material prepared by the preparation method of the electric contact material is stacked with the soldering sheet, the second material layer faces the soldering sheet, the electric contact material and the soldering sheet are pressed, and then furnace brazing is performed to weld and connect the second material layer and the soldering sheet, so that the electric contact material welding piece is obtained.

[0037] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the temperature of the furnace brazing is 650-700 DEG C, and the holding time of the furnace brazing is 10-20 min; and / or

[0038] The furnace brazing is performed in an inert gas atmosphere.

[0039] In addition, the application further provides an electric appliance element comprising the electric contact material welding piece prepared by the preparation method of the electric contact material welding piece.

[0040] By coating the copper or copper alloy with graphene, the copper and silver are at least partially physically isolated in the interface layer through graphene, the sintering temperature is reduced by using a low-temperature hot-pressing sintering process, the silver copper of the first material layer and the second material layer directionally diffuses to form a mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material or a mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material and a silver copper alloy distributed in a dot shape, the bonding strength of the interface is enhanced, the generation amount of the silver copper alloy is reduced, the electric contact material is not easy to be fusion welded when used to the interface, and the silver copper interface failure problem of the silver copper composite material is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric contact material provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric contact material welding piece provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a preparation process diagram of the electric contact material welding piece provided by the embodiments of the application.

[0045] Reference numerals: 1 - first material layer; 2 - interface layer; 3 - second material layer; 4 - soldering pad; 5 - support; 6 - ceramic indenter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0047] In the related art, the interface bonding strength between silver and copper is enhanced by mixed use of a first additive, a second additive, diamond and sand blasting; or the interface bonding strength between silver and copper is enhanced by sand blasting, hot rolling and diffusion annealing of silver and copper plates, but neither of them considers that the direct bonding of silver and copper generates a large amount of silver-copper alloy with low melting point and strong welding performance at the composite interface during processing and welding. This will cause a sharp increase in the risk of failure of the bonding surface during use, and the copper layer can only play a supporting role and does not participate in actual use.

[0048] The embodiments of the present application provide an electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, a preparation method of an electrical contact material welding piece and an electrical component. The following are described in detail respectively. It should be noted that the description order of the following embodiments is not limited as the preferred order of the embodiments. In addition, in the description of the present application, the term "comprising" means "including but not limited to". The terms first, second, third, etc. are only used as labels and do not impose numerical requirements or establish sequences. Various embodiments of the present application can exist in a range of forms; it should be understood that the description in a range of forms is only for the convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a hard limit to the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that the described range has been specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single values in the range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers in the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in this text, it means that any cited number (fraction or integer) in the indicated range is included.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1The embodiment of the application provides an electric contact material, which comprises a first material layer 1, an interface layer 2 and a second material layer 3 which are sequentially stacked, the material of the first material layer 1 comprises silver, the material of the second material layer 3 comprises a graphene copper composite material, the interface layer 2 comprises mechanically engaged silver and the graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer 2 comprises mechanically engaged silver and the graphene copper composite material and point-distributed silver copper alloy.

[0050] The graphene copper composite material comprises graphene and copper or copper alloy, and the graphene is coated on the surface of the copper or the surface of the copper alloy.

[0051] In the application, the graphene is coated on the copper or copper alloy, at least partial physical isolation of the copper and silver is realized by the graphene in the interface layer 2, silver copper directional diffusion of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 3 forms mechanically engaged silver and the graphene copper composite material or mechanically engaged silver and the graphene copper composite material and point-distributed silver copper alloy, so that the bonding strength of the interface is enhanced, the generation amount of the silver copper alloy is reduced, the electric contact material is not prone to fusion welding when used to the interface, the silver copper interface failure problem of the silver copper composite material is solved, the silver amount can be saved by 40%-50% on the basis of safety and reliability. In the material, the first material layer 1 is a working layer, and the second material layer 3 is a working layer and a welding layer. Meanwhile, the dispersibility of the graphene in the electric contact material is improved by coating the copper with the graphene, so that the organization of the formed electric contact material is more uniform and better consistency.

[0052] It can be understood that the copper or copper alloy in the graphene copper composite material can be entirely coated with the graphene or partially coated with the graphene, and the surface of the copper or copper alloy can be entirely coated with the graphene or partially coated with the graphene.

[0053] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, at least 98% of the surface of the copper or copper alloy in the second material layer 3 is coated with the graphene. In this way, the bonding strength of the interface of the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 3 can be ensured, and the generation amount of the silver copper alloy can be controlled, so that the electric contact material is not prone to fusion welding when used to the interface.

[0054] Optionally, in some embodiments of the application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises graphene.

[0055] It can be understood that by adding the graphene in the first material layer 1, the graphene can be used as an anti-fusion welding phase, the contact resistance, temperature rise in the use process and interface structure can be reduced by the high heat dissipation and high conductivity of the graphene, so that the anti-fusion welding, anti-arc erosion and wear resistance of the material are improved.

[0056] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises tungsten carbide.

[0057] It can be understood that tungsten carbide can be used as an anti-ablation phase of the electrical contact material, which can reduce local melting, evaporation and wear caused by electric arc, thereby prolonging the service life of the contact.

[0058] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the graphene-copper composite material, the number of layers of graphene on the surface of the copper or copper alloy is 3-10 layers, for example, it can be 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers, 8 layers, 9 layers, 10 layers.

[0059] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the copper alloy further comprises rare earth elements (RE). In this way, the rare earth elements can play a role in purifying and removing impurities, refining grains, improving high-temperature mechanical properties and hot working properties, improving corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity in the electrical contact material.

[0060] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the rare earth elements include one or more of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and gadolinium.

[0061] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises one or more of rhenium, graphite, nickel, tungsten and rare earth elements (RE).

[0062] It can be understood that by adding metallic rhenium to the first material layer 1, the anti-ablation and anti-creep properties of the first material layer 1 can be improved, and the contact resistance during use can be reduced; by adding graphite to the first material layer 1, the tendency of the first material layer 1 to melt and weld can be reduced; by adding nickel to the first material layer 1, the mechanical strength, wear resistance and arc resistance of the first material layer 1 can be improved; by adding rare earth elements (RE) to the first material layer 1, the effect of purifying and removing impurities, refining grains, improving high-temperature mechanical properties and hot working properties, improving corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of the material can be achieved.

[0063] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the rare earth elements include one or more of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and gadolinium.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises rhenium, and the mass content of the rhenium in the first material layer 1 is 0.1%-6%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and the like.

[0065] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises graphite, and the mass content of the graphite in the first material layer 1 is 0.15%-4%, for example, can be 0.15%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, etc.

[0066] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises nickel, and the mass content of the nickel in the first material layer 1 is 0.5%-2%, for example, can be 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, etc.

[0067] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises tungsten, and the mass content of the tungsten in the first material layer 1 is 1%-3%, for example, can be 1%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%, 2.25%, 2.5%, 2.75%, 3%, etc.

[0068] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the first material layer 1 further comprises one or more of rare earth elements (RE), and the total mass content of the rare earth elements (RE) in the first material layer 1 is 0.05%-1%, for example, can be 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, etc.

[0069] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises one or more of tellurium, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, diamond, rhenium and rare earth elements (RE).

[0070] It can be understood that by adding tellurium to the second material layer 3, the fusion welding tendency of the second material layer 3 can be reduced; by adding titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, diamond to the second material layer 3, the fusion welding tendency of the second material layer 3 can be reduced, and the anti-burn loss and anti-oxidation ability of the second material layer 3 can be improved; by adding metal rhenium to the second material layer 3, the ablation resistance and anti-creep performance of the second material layer 3 can be improved, and the contact resistance of the second material layer 3 in use can be reduced; by adding rare earth elements (RE) to the second material layer 3, the effects of purifying and removing impurities, refining grains, improving high-temperature mechanical properties and hot working properties, improving material corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical conductivity can be achieved. At the same time, the second material layer 3 can be used as a working layer and a welding layer, so that the silver coating process for welding of conventional products can be reduced.

[0071] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the rare earth elements include one or more of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and gadolinium.

[0072] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises tellurium, and the mass content of the tellurium in the second material layer 3 is 0.5%-1%, for example, can be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, etc.

[0073] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises titanium carbide, and the mass content of the titanium carbide in the second material layer 3 is 0.1%-2%, for example, can be 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2%, etc.

[0074] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises tantalum carbide, and the mass content of the tantalum carbide in the second material layer 3 is 0.1%-0.15%, for example, can be 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, etc.

[0075] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises diamond, and the mass content of the diamond in the second material layer 3 is 0.1%-2%, for example, can be 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2%, etc.

[0076] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises rhenium, and the mass content of the rhenium in the second material layer 3 is 0.1%-6%, for example, can be 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, etc.

[0077] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises one or more of rare earth elements (RE), and the mass content of the rare earth elements (RE) in the second material layer 3 is 0.05%-2%, for example, can be 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2%, etc.

[0078] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises one or more of rare earth elements (RE), and the mass content of the rare earth elements (RE) in the second material layer 3 is 0.05%-2%, for example, can be 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2%, etc. Figure 1 Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises one or more of rare earth elements (RE), and the mass content of the rare earth elements (RE) in the second material layer 3 is 0.05%-2%, for example, can be 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2%, etc.

[0079] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the material of the second material layer 3 further comprises one or more of rare earth elements (RE), and the mass content of the rare earth elements (RE) in the second material layer 3 is 0.05%-2%, for example, can be 0.05%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 2%, etc.

[0080] The material of the first material layer 1 comprises silver, the material of the second material layer 3 comprises graphene copper composite material, and the interface layer 2 comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer 2 comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material and silver copper alloy distributed in a dot shape.

[0081] The temperature of the hot-pressing sintering is lower than the melting point of silver.

[0082] In the present application, by using the low-temperature hot-pressing sintering process, the interface layer 2 can be formed into mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material, or mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material and silver copper alloy distributed in a dot shape, so as to enhance the bonding strength of the interface and reduce the generation amount of silver copper alloy, so that the electric contact material is not easy to be welded when used to the interface, so as to solve the silver copper interface failure problem of the silver copper composite material, and save the silver amount by 40%-50% on the basis of safety and reliability. In the material, the first material layer 1 is a working layer, and the second material layer 3 is a working layer and a welding layer. At the same time, by coating copper with graphene, the dispersibility of graphene in the electric contact material can be improved, so that the organization of the formed electric contact material is more uniform and has better consistency. The interface layer 2 does not need to be separately made, so as to simplify the process and save the cost.

[0083] It can be understood that, since the temperature of the hot-pressing sintering is lower than the melting point of silver and far lower than the melting point of copper, the generation amount of silver copper alloy can be effectively controlled under the physical blocking effect of graphene.

[0084] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, before the hot-pressing sintering, the method further comprises: pre-pressing the material of the first material layer 1 and the material of the second material layer 3 arranged in layers.

[0085] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the temperature of the hot-pressing sintering is 550-800℃, for example, can be 550℃, 600℃, 650℃, 700℃, 750℃, 800℃, etc., and the pressure of the hot-pressing sintering is 60-120MPa, for example, can be 60MPa, 70MPa, 80MPa, 90MPa, 100MPa, 110MPa, 120MPa, etc.

[0086] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the temperature of the hot-pressing sintering is 550-700℃, for example, can be 550℃, 570℃, 600℃, 620℃, 650℃, 670℃, 700℃, etc.

[0087] It can be understood that by controlling the temperature and pressure of hot-press sintering, a mechanically engaged silver-copper diffusion layer or a mechanically engaged silver-copper diffusion layer and a controllable discontinuous silver-copper alloy layer can be formed between the first material layer 1 and the second material layer 3.

[0088] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the hot-press sintering is performed in a mixed flow atmosphere of hydrogen and argon. In this way, the probability of oxidation of the electrical contact material can be reduced, and the safety of the process can be improved.

[0089] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a graphene copper composite material preparation step is further included, and the step includes:

[0090] The copper particles or copper alloy particles are heated to a first temperature, and then a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen is introduced for chemical vapor deposition. After the chemical vapor deposition, the temperature is lowered, and a mixed gas of argon, hydrogen and methane is introduced during the temperature lowering process to obtain copper particles coated with graphene or copper alloy particles coated with graphene.

[0091] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the first temperature is 900-1050℃, for example, it can be 900℃, 920℃, 940℃, 960℃, 980℃, 1000℃, 1020℃, 1040℃, 1050℃, etc.

[0092] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the temperature for chemical vapor deposition is 900-1050℃, for example, it can be 900℃, 920℃, 940℃, 960℃, 980℃, 1000℃, 1020℃, 1040℃, 1050℃, etc.

[0093] Referring to Figure 2 The embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical contact material welding piece, which includes the above-mentioned electrical contact material and a soldering sheet 4, and the second material layer 3 is welded and connected with the soldering sheet 4.

[0094] Referring to Figure 3 The embodiments of the present application also provide a preparation method of an electrical contact material welding piece, which includes:

[0095] The above-mentioned electrical contact material and soldering sheet 4 are stacked and arranged, the second material layer 3 faces the soldering sheet 4, the electrical contact material and soldering sheet 4 are pressed, and then furnace brazing is performed to weld and connect the second material layer 3 with the soldering sheet 4, so as to obtain an electrical contact material welding piece.

[0096] In the present application, furnace brazing is used for welding and connection, which requires a lower temperature, so that the interface layer 2 between the second material layer 3 and the first material layer 1 is not easy to form an excessive silver-copper alloy, thereby reducing the probability of fusion welding failure.

[0097] As an example, when making the electric contact material welding piece, the ceramic anvil 6, the electric contact material, the soldering piece 4 and the support 5 can be placed in sequence and pressed, and then furnace brazing is performed.

[0098] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the furnace brazing temperature is 650-700℃, for example, it can be 650℃, 660℃, 670℃, 680℃, 690℃, 700℃, etc., and the holding time of the furnace brazing is 10-20min, for example, it can be 10min, 12min, 14min, 16min, 18min, 20min, etc.

[0099] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the furnace brazing is performed in an inert gas atmosphere.

[0100] The embodiments of the present application also provide an electric appliance element, which comprises the electric contact material welding piece.

[0101] As an example, the electric appliance element of the present application can be a circuit breaker.

[0102] Embodiment 1

[0103] An electric contact material and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0104] S1: heating the electrolytic copper powder to 1000℃ under argon, then introducing a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen, performing chemical vapor deposition, and then cooling, and introducing a mixed gas of argon, hydrogen and methane during the cooling process to obtain copper particles coated with graphene on the surface;

[0105] S2: putting the copper particles coated with graphene on the surface, RE, tantalum carbide and diamond into a sound resonance instrument to mix uniformly to obtain a copper graphene composite powder;

[0106] S3: putting silver, graphene, tungsten carbide, rhenium, RE and nickel powder into a sound resonance instrument to mix uniformly to obtain a silver graphene composite powder;

[0107] S4: adding the copper graphene composite powder into a mold and vibrating, then adding the silver graphene composite powder and pre-pressing, and then putting into a hot-pressing graphite mold to perform hot-pressing sintering in a hot-pressing sintering furnace, the sintering temperature is 750℃, the pressure is 70MPa, and after sintering, an AgWCGr / CuGr composite electric contact material is obtained.

[0108] An electric contact material welding piece and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0109] The ceramic anvil, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material, the soldering sheet and the supporting piece are placed in sequence and are subjected to pressure, and then are subjected to furnace brazing, the temperature of the furnace brazing is 680 DEG C, the holding time is 10 min, the furnace is in a nitrogen protective atmosphere, after the welding is completed, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material welding piece is obtained.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] An electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0112] S1: the electrolytic copper powder is heated to 1050 DEG C under argon, then a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen is introduced, chemical vapor deposition is carried out, after the chemical vapor deposition process is completed, cooling is carried out, and a mixed gas of argon, hydrogen and methane is introduced during the cooling process, to obtain copper particles coated with graphene on the surface;

[0113] S2: the copper particles coated with graphene on the surface are mixed with RE, tellurium and titanium carbide in a sound resonance instrument to obtain a copper graphene composite powder;

[0114] S3: silver, graphene, tungsten carbide, rhenium, graphite, tungsten and RE powder are mixed in a sound resonance instrument to obtain a silver graphene composite powder;

[0115] S4: the copper graphene composite powder is added to a mold and is vibrated, then the silver graphene composite powder is added and is pre-pressed, then is placed in a hot-pressing graphite mold and is subjected to hot-pressing sintering in a hot-pressing sintering furnace, the sintering temperature is 780 DEG C, the pressure is 80 MPa, after the sintering is completed, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material is obtained.

[0116] An electrical contact material welding piece and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0117] The ceramic anvil, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material, the soldering sheet and the supporting piece are placed in sequence and are subjected to pressure, and then are subjected to furnace brazing, the temperature of the furnace brazing is 700 DEG C, the holding time is 10 min, the furnace is in an inert gas protective atmosphere, after the welding is completed, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material welding piece is obtained.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] An electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0120] S1: the copper lanthanum alloy powder is heated to 1050 DEG C under argon, then a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen is introduced, chemical vapor deposition is carried out, after the chemical vapor deposition process is completed, cooling is carried out, and a mixed gas of argon, hydrogen and methane is introduced during the cooling process, to obtain copper lanthanum particles coated with graphene on the surface;

[0121] S2: The copper lanthanum particles coated with graphene on the surface are mixed with the reinforcing materials tellurium, titanium carbide and diamond in a sound resonance instrument to obtain copper graphene composite powder;

[0122] S3: The silver, graphene, tungsten carbide, reinforcing material rhenium, RE and nickel powder are put into a sound resonance instrument to be mixed uniformly to obtain silver graphene composite powder;

[0123] S4: The copper graphene composite powder is added into a mold and vibrated, then the silver graphene composite powder is added to be pre-pressed, and then the hot-pressing graphite mold is put into a hot-pressing sintering furnace to be hot-pressed and sintered, the sintering temperature is 700 DEG C, the pressure is 90 MPa, and the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material is obtained after sintering.

[0124] An electrical contact material welding piece and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0125] The ceramic anvil, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material, the welding sheet and the supporting piece are placed in sequence and pressed, and then furnace brazing is performed, the furnace brazing temperature is 680 DEG C, the holding time is 10 min, the inert gas protective atmosphere is provided in the furnace, and the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material welding piece is obtained after welding.

[0126] Example 4

[0127] An electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0128] S1: The copper cerium alloy powder is heated to 1050 DEG C under argon, and then a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen is introduced to perform chemical vapor deposition, and after the chemical vapor deposition process is completed, the temperature is lowered, and a mixed gas of argon, hydrogen and methane is introduced during the temperature lowering process to obtain copper cerium particles coated with graphene on the surface;

[0129] S2: The copper cerium particles coated with graphene on the surface are mixed with tellurium, tantalum carbide and diamond in a sound resonance instrument to obtain copper graphene composite powder;

[0130] S3: The silver, graphene, tungsten carbide, rhenium, RE, graphite powder and tungsten powder are put into a sound resonance instrument to be mixed uniformly to obtain silver graphene composite powder;

[0131] S4: The copper graphene composite powder is added into a mold and vibrated, then the silver graphene composite powder is added to be pre-pressed, and then the hot-pressing graphite mold is put into a hot-pressing sintering furnace to be hot-pressed and sintered, the sintering temperature is 700 DEG C, the pressure is 90 MPa, and the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material is obtained after sintering.

[0132] An electrical contact material welding piece and a preparation method thereof, comprising:

[0133] The ceramic anvil, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material, the soldering sheet and the support are placed in sequence from top to bottom and pressure is applied, and then furnace brazing is performed, the temperature of the furnace brazing is 680 DEG C, the holding time is 10 min, the atmosphere in the furnace is inert gas protection, and after the welding is completed, the AgWCGr / CuGr composite electrical contact material welding piece is obtained.

[0134] The electrical contact material welding piece provided by the embodiments of the present application is not prone to fusion welding when used to the interface when the circuit breaker, and the first material layer is a working layer, and the second material layer is a working layer and a welding layer.

[0135] The above describes in detail the electrical contact material, the preparation method thereof, the preparation method of the electrical contact material welding piece and the electrical component provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by applying specific examples; the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manner and the application range will be changed, and the above description should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrical contact material, characterized in that, The first material layer, the interface layer, and the second material layer are sequentially stacked, the material of the first material layer comprises silver, the material of the second material layer comprises graphene copper composite material, and the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material and silver-copper alloy distributed in a dot shape. The graphene copper composite material comprises graphene and copper or copper alloy, and the graphene is coated on the surface of the copper or the surface of the copper alloy.

2. The electrical contact material of claim 1, wherein In the second material layer, at least 98% of the surface of the copper or copper alloy is coated with graphene; and / or The copper alloy comprises a rare earth element.

3. The electrical contact material of claim 1, wherein, The material of the first material layer further comprises graphene; and / or The material of the first material layer further comprises tungsten carbide; and / or The material of the first material layer further comprises one or more of rhenium, graphite, nickel, tungsten, and a rare earth element.

4. The electrical contact material of claim 3, wherein, The first material layer further comprises rhenium, and the mass content of the rhenium in the first material layer is 0.1%-6%; and / or The material of the first material layer further comprises graphite, and the mass content of the graphite in the first material layer is 0.15%-4%; and / or The material of the first material layer further comprises nickel, and the mass content of the nickel in the first material layer is 0.5%-2%; and / or The material of the first material layer further comprises tungsten, and the mass content of the tungsten in the first material layer is 1%-3%; and / or The material of the first material layer further comprises one or more of a rare earth element, and the total mass content of the rare earth element in the first material layer is 0.05%-1%. The material of the second material layer further comprises one or more of tellurium, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, diamond, rhenium, and a rare earth element.

5. The electrical contact material of claim 1, wherein The material of the second material layer further comprises tellurium, and the mass content of the tellurium in the second material layer is 0.5%-1%; and / or 6. An electrical contact material according to claim 5, characterised in that, The material of the second material layer further comprises titanium carbide, and the mass content of the titanium carbide in the second material layer is 0.1%-2%; and / or The material of the second material layer further comprises tantalum carbide, and the mass content of the tantalum carbide in the second material layer is 0.1%-0.15%; and / or The material of the second material layer further comprises diamond, and the mass content of the diamond in the second material layer is 0.1%-2%; and / or The material of the second material layer further comprises rhenium, and the mass content of the rhenium in the second material layer is 0.1%-6%; and / or The material of the second material layer further comprises one or more of a rare earth element, and the mass content of the rare earth element in the second material layer is 0.05%-2%. The material of the first material layer and the material of the second material layer are stacked, and then hot-pressed and sintered to form the first material layer, the second material layer, and the interface layer between the first material layer and the second material layer.

7. A method for producing an electrical contact material, characterized by, ​ ​ The material of the first material layer comprises silver, the material of the second material layer comprises graphene copper composite material, and the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material, or the interface layer comprises mechanically engaged silver and graphene copper composite material and silver-copper alloy distributed in a dot shape. The temperature of the hot-press sintering is lower than the melting point of silver.

8. The method of producing an electrical contact material according to claim 7, wherein The temperature of the hot-press sintering is 550-800 DEG C, and the pressure of the hot-press sintering is 60-120 MPa. The hot-press sintering is performed in a mixed flow atmosphere of hydrogen and argon.

9. The method of producing an electrical contact material according to claim 7, wherein The method further comprises a preparation step of graphene copper composite material, and the step comprises: The copper particles or copper alloy particles are heated to a first temperature, and then a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and oxygen is introduced to perform chemical vapor deposition. The first temperature is 900-1050 DEG C. The temperature of the chemical vapor deposition is 900-1050 DEG C.

10. A method of producing a soldered piece of electrical contact material, characterized in that The method comprises: The electrical contact material and the soldering sheet are laminated with the second material layer facing the soldering sheet, the electrical contact material and the soldering sheet are pressed, and then furnace soldering is performed to make the second material layer and the soldering sheet welded and connected, thereby obtaining an electrical contact material soldering piece.

11. An electrical component, characterized by The method comprises: The method comprises:

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